Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. Vol.53, No.2, pp , 2020 Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer Article

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1 Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. Vol.53, No.2, pp , 2020 Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer Article pissn : eissn : Soil Microbial Communities and Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Paddy and Upland Soils Jin-Young Moon 1, Chang-Hee Son 1, Kyong-Hee Joung 2, Young-Gwang Kim 3, Young-Ho Chang 4, Dal-Yeon Choi 5, Hyeon-Ji Cho 6, Jae-Young Heo 6 *, and Young Han Lee 7 * 1 Agricultural Researcher, Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 2 Head of Team, Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 3 Director, Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 4 Director General, Research and Development Bureau, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 5 President, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 6 Agricultural Researcher, Environmental Agriculture Research Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea 7 Head of Team, Environmental Agriculture Research Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea *Corresponding author: lyh2011@korea.kr, bopo@korea.kr A B S T R A C T Received: April 7, 2020 Revised: May 13, 2020 Accepted: May 18, 2020 The soil microbial communities and growth of sweet potato are often affected by soil type. This study evaluated the variations in microbial communities of paddy and upland soils used for two sweet potato cultivars (Jinhongmi and Sinjami) cultivation by their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The ph, available P 2 O 5, exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg of upland soil at the harvesting stage were significantly higher than those of paddy soil. The moisture content of paddy soil (28.5%) has increased by 6.7% as compared to upland soil (p < 0.001). The average microbial biomasses in paddy soil were approximately 2.8 times larger for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and times larger for fungi, total bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, total FAMEs, Gram-negative bacteria, and actinomycetes. In addition, The total FAMEs, Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, total bacteria, and AMF in Jinhongmi cultivated soils were significantly larger than those in Sinjami cultivated soils. AMF communities in paddy soil showed significantly larger than that in upland soil (p < 0.001) indicating AMF are potentially responsible for the microbial community differentiation between paddy and upland field. The tuber yield of sweet potato was 28% higher, respectively, in the paddy soil and Sinjami treatment than in the upland soil and Jinhongmi treatment. It was confirmed that the paddy field was more effective on the productivity of sweet potato and soil microbial biomass. Keywords: Sweet potato, Soil microbial community, Soil type, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi C The Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non- Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

2 Soil Microbial Communities and Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Paddy and Upland Soils 141 Effects of different soil types on the moisture content and yield of sweet potato. Soil type Paddy Upland Significance Variety Vine lengh Node Plant Marketable Marketable Starch Yield number weight root number root weight value cm no. plant -1 Mg ha -1 no. plant -1 g Mg ha -1 % % Soil moisture Jinhongmi Sinjami Jinhongmi Sinjami Type NS NS NS NS ** *** NS *** Variety * ** * ** NS *** ** NS Type Variety * NS * NS NS NS NS NS Introduction 우리나라고구마재배면적은 2010년 19,200 ha에서 2019년 21,941 ha로 14% 증가하였고조기재배를도입함으로 2010년 29만 8,930톤에서 2018년 30만 5,304톤으로연차별생산변동은작황에따라큰변동폭을보이고있다 (KOSIS, 2020). 그럼에도불구하고 2018년부터농림축산식품부에서논타작물재배지원사업을추진함으로고구마논재배면적은지속적으로증대될것으로기대된다 (MAFRA, 2018). 따라서고구마는동일품종이라도재배지역, 토양특성에따라수량및품질차이가있으므로논재배에적합한품종선발이필요하다. 국내농업관련연구기관에서논재배용으로검토하고있는고구마품종은분질품종으로대유미, 진홍미, 고건미등이있으며중간질및유색고구마는풍원미와신자미등이있다 (Choi et al., 2019; Lee et al., 2019; Moon et al., 2019; Nam et al., 2019). 온대및열대지역에서재배되는고구마는토양의열악한조건에서도식량으로서생산성이뛰어나며비료나농약요구량이적고태풍, 가뭄및강우와같은단기간의환경스트레스에잘견디는환경친화적인작물이다 (Kozai et al., 1996; Ahn et al., 1998). 그러나식물은토양의영향을많이받는데고구마의경우괴경이성장하는시기에발생하는토양건조는수량에크게영향을준다 (Bourke, 1989). 토양수분함량은고구마생육과밀접한관계가있으며관개수양이적정수준을초과하면수량이감소하는경향이있지만 (Thompson et al., 1992), 대체적으로카사바보다배수불량조건에서도잘견디는특징이있다 (Ghuman and Lal, 1983). 고구마수량은수분부족에크게영향을받아모래토양은표면아래 25 cm (Pardales and Yamauchi, 2003), 정식 101일후양질사토에서는 cm 깊이의지하수위가적당하며 (Siqinbatu et al., 2013), 토양유형과관개횟수에영향을받는다 (Anderson, 1941). 그리고토양수분함량이적어건조해지면고구마덩굴쪼김병발생이많아지게된다 (Harter and Whitney, 1927; Clark and Moyer, 1988). 일반적으로유기물과수분함량이낮은사질계통의토양에서가뭄과지온이높아질때발병이심하며토양경사가 7% 이상, 유효토심이 50 cm 이하, 수분과양분유실이심할경우고구마수량이 75% 정도감소했다는보고가있다 (Jung et al., 2001). 사질토양에서고구마생육에필요한최적수분함량은포장용수량의 80% 수준이다 (Belehu and Hammes, 2004). 고구마이식후 25일에서 30일동안괴근분화기는수분부족에가장민감하게반응하며 (Nair and Nair, 1995; Ravi and Indira, 1996), 수분이부족할경우부정근의목질화를유발한다 (Ravi and Indira, 1996). 고구마재배지토양입단과수분관리를위한연구를보면바이오차를 10a당 4톤사용한결과수량이 54% 증대되었다 (Liu et al., 2014). Chen et al. (2014) 은토양미생물체량은수분함량때문에논토양이밭토양보다영향을덜받는다고하였다. 이

3 142 Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer Vol. 53, No. 2, 2020 와같이고구마에대한토양수분관리를합리적으로수행하고쌀생산조정정책으로최근밭토양보다유리한논토양재배연구가진행되고있다 (Lestari et al., 2019). 토양미생물다양성을평가하고유지하는것은친환경농업을추진하기위한기본적인요건이며최근미생물군집분석을통한토양환경개선연구가활발히진행되고있다 (Igalavithana et al., 2017; Moon et al., 2019; Yi et al., 2020). 미생물군집을분석하는방법으로미생물의세포벽지방산을분석하는 fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) 와 phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) 분석법이있으며 (Schutter and Dick, 2000; Morris et al., 2008), DNA 증폭을기반으로하는차세대염기서열분석법인파이로시컨싱등이있다 (Ronaghi et al., 1996). 파이로시컨싱은분석정확도는높지만고가의비용이발생되기때문에토양시료가많을경우저렴하고빠르게분석할수있는 FAME 방법을많이사용하고있다 (Cho et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2019; Yi et al., 2020). 고구마재배지에대한미생물군집은시비수준이증가할수록곰팡이군집이많아지며 (Moon et al., 2019), 인산칼륨을엽면시비할경우 5% 까지농도가높아질수록곰팡이군집은적어졌다는보고가있다 (Moon et al., 2019). 그러나논토양과밭토양에서고구마를재배할경우토양미생물군집을비교평가한연구는전무한실정이다. 따라서본연구는특성이다른고구마품종인진홍미와신자미를논토양과밭토양에재배하고생육과수량, 토양화학성과 FAME 분석법에의한미생물군집차이를검토하였다. Materials and Methods 시험토양조건고구마에대한토양유형과품종에따른생육반응을검토하기위해이현미사질양토의밭토양과논토양에서시험을수행하였다. 시험토양은모래 21%, 미사 57%, 점토 22% 의미사질양토로서배수는양호한토양이었다. 시험에사용된토양화학성은 Table 1과같이논토양화학성은 ph 6.7, EC 0.49 ds m -1, 유기물 21 g kg -1, 유효인산 90 mg kg -1, 치환성칼륨 0.56 cmol c kg -1, 치환성칼슘 8.1 cmol c kg -1, 치환성마그네슘 2.2 cmol c kg -1 이었다. 논토양양분관리는비료사용처방서에따라 ha 기준에요소 120 kg, 용성인비 1,070 kg 및황산칼리 380 kg을전량기비로시비하였다. 시험전밭토양화학성은 ph 6.9, EC 0.46 ds m -1, 유기물 20 g kg -1, 유효인산 240 mg kg -1, 치환성칼륨 0.18 cmol c kg -1, 치환성칼슘 10.2 cmol c kg -1, 치환성마그네슘 2.2 cmol c kg -1 이었다. 밭토양양분관리는비료사용처방서에따라 ha 기준에요소 120 kg, 용성인비 860 kg 및황산칼리 470 kg을전량기비로시비하였다. 재배조건및수량조사시험기간기상조건은 Fig. 1과같이평균기온은 20.1 C였으며합산강우량은 1,309 mm였고관개방법은자연강우에의존하였다. 시험에사용한품종은농업관련연구기관에서논재배에적합한고구마품종으로제시한 (Lee et al., 2019; Moon et al., 2019; Nam et al., 2019) 식용및전분용분질고구마로진홍미 (Ahn et al., 2000) 와가공용유색고구마로신자미 (Ahn et al., 2002) 를선택하였다. 정식시기는 2018년 5월 28일에휴간 75 cm, 주간 20 cm 간격으로처리당 80주, 3반복으로하였고수확은삽식후 120일에하였다. 고구마생육은농 Table 1. Chemical properties of soils used in the experiment. Soil type ph EC OM Avail. P 2 O 5 K Ca Mg (1:5) ds m -1 g kg -1 mg kg Exch. Cat. cmol c kg Paddy Upland

4 Soil Microbial Communities and Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Paddy and Upland Soils 143 Fig. 1. The average temperature and precipitation in experimental sites. 업과학기술연구조사분석기준 (RDA, 2012) 에따라수확직전에주만장, 경엽중등지상부생육과수확후상품무게, 주당상품수등수량특성을조사하였다. 그리고고구마전분함량은생체 100 g 당건조전분무게를측정하고건물률에대한백분율로분석하였다 (Choi et al., 2017). 토양화학성분및미생물분석분석을위한토양시료는처리구마다 1 cm정도걷어내고 0-15 cm 깊이에서 3반복으로채취하였다. 화학분석용토양은그늘진실험실에서 7일간건조하여고무망치로입자를분쇄한후 2 mm 체를통과한것을사용하여분석하였다 (NAS, 2010). 토양 ph와 EC는토양 10 g에 50 ml 증류수를가하여 1:5 비율로희석하고비이커를가끔씩저어주면서 1시간정치한후 ph meter (Orion 520A ph meter, Orion Research Inc., Boston, USA) 와 EC meter (Orion 3STAR EC meter, Orion Research Inc., Boston, USA) 로분석하였다. 유기물은 Tyurin법, 유효인산은 Lancaster법으로비색계 (UV-1650PC, Shimadzu Co., Kyoto, Japan) 를사용하여분석하였다. 치환성칼륨, 칼슘, 및마그네슘등의양이온은 1 M NH 4 OAc로추출하여 ICP (AAnalyst 300, Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, USA) 로분석하였다. 수확기토양의미생물함량과군집은습토를사용하여 20 C에 2일간보관하여동결건조한후 Schutter and Dick (2000) 의방법으로미생물세포벽지방산인 fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) 를분석하였다 (Kim et al., 2014; Moon et al., 2016; Igalavithana et al., 2017; Cho et al., 2019; Moon et al., 2019). 지방산추출은토양 3 g에 0.2 M KOH 15 ml를넣고 37 C에서 1시간항온후 1.0 M acetic acid 3 ml를가하여중성화시킨다. 여기에 hexane 10 ml 가하여 60초간흔든후 2,000 g에서 20분간원심분리후핵산층을모아질소가스로 40분간증발시키고 30 µl의 internal standard 19:0과 170 µl의 1:1 hexane:methyl-tert butyl ether로녹여 GC로분석하였다. 미생물함량과군집분석에사용한기기는 GC Agilent 6890N (Agilent Technologies, USA) 과 HP-ULTRA 2 capillary column (25 m 0.2 mm 0.33 µm film thickness, Agilent Technologies, USA) 이었으며 Internal standard 19:0을이용하여상대적인지방산함량과비율을계산하였다 (Hamel et al., 2006; Moon et al., 2019). 통계분석토양유형과품종에따른통계분석은 SAS 프로그램 9.4 버전 (2019) 을사용하여고구마수량과생육상황, 토양화학성과미생물군집등은 two-way ANOVA 분석으로 F-test를수행하였고고구마수량과미생물군집은주성분분석을통하여토양유형과품종에따른차이를검토하였다.

5 144 Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer Vol. 53, No. 2, 2020 Results and Discussion 고구마생육및수량진홍미는경남에서분질고구마로 20% 정도재배되는품종이며, 신자미는자색고구마로서가공용으로많이사용하고있다 (Ahn et al., 2000; Ahn et al., 2002). 수확기논토양과밭토양에서고구마생육과수량은 Table 2와같다. 토양유형별고구마상저중은논토양에서진홍미가 165 g, 신자미가 164 g으로밭토양진홍미 127 g, 신자미 134 g 보다무거웠으나 (p < 0.01) 품종간에차이는없었다. 고구마수량도논토양에서진홍미가 37.3 Mg ha -1, 신자미가 46.1 Mg ha -1 으로밭토양의진홍미 27.8 Mg ha -1, 신자미 37.3 Mg ha -1 보다진홍미는 34%, 신자미는 24% 증대하여평균 28% 많았다 (p < 0.001). 이러한결과는 Lestari et al. (2019) 이보고한바와같이논토양은밭토양에비해고구마수량이 2배에서 4배높다고보고한결과와일치하였다. Gajanayake and Reddy (2016) 는고구마생육중기와후기에토양수분함량이부족해지면괴경이직선적으로감소한다고하였다. 또한, Bourke (1989) 도고구마괴경이성장하는시기에발생하는토양건조는수량에크게영향을준다고하였다. 본연구에서도 Table 3과같이논토양의수분함량은평균 28.5% 로서밭토양평균 21.8% 보다높게나타나 (p < 0.001) 고구마괴경형성에영향을주고수량차이를나타낸것으로판단되었다. 그러나토양유형에따른고구마의주만장, 주당마디수, 경엽중, 상저수, Table 2. Effect of different soil types on the growth and yield of sweet potato. Soil type Paddy Upland Variety Vine lengh Node number Plant weight Marketable root number Marketable root weight Yield Starch value cm no. plant -1 Mg ha -1 no. plant -1 g Mg ha -1 % Jinhongmi Sinjami Jinhongmi Sinjami Significance Variety * ** * ** NS *** ** Type NS NS NS NS ** *** NS Type Variety * NS * NS NS NS NS Significant effects were obtained from two-way analysis of variance: NS, not significant; *, significant at p < 0.05; **, significant at p < 0.01; ***, significant at p < Table 3. Soil chemical properties of different soil types at harvest stage of sweet potato. Soil type Variety ph EC OM Avail. P 2 O 5 K Ca Mg Soil moisture (1:5) ds m -1 g kg -1 mg kg Ex. Cat. cmol c kg % Paddy Upland Jinhongmi Sinjami Jinhongmi Sinjami Significance Variety * NS NS NS NS NS NS NS Type ** NS NS *** ** * *** *** Type Variety NS NS * NS NS NS NS NS Significant effects were obtained from two-way analysis of variance: NS, not significant; *, significant at p < 0.05; **, significant at p < 0.01; ***, significant at p <

6 Soil Microbial Communities and Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Paddy and Upland Soils 145 전분함량등은유의적인차이가없었다. 품종에따라신자미는진홍미에비해주당상저수가논토양에서는 1.0개, 밭토양에서는 0.9개많았으며 (p < 0.01). 수량도논토양에서 24%, 밭토양에서 34% 증대되었다 (p < 0.001). 반대로진홍미는주당마디수와전분함량이신자미에비해유의적으로많았다 (p < 0.01). 이러한결과는주당마디수는진홍미가신자미보다주당 7.9개많고품종고유특성으로분질품종인진홍미가점질품종인신자미에비해전분함량이높다고보고한 Choi et al. (2017) 의결과와일치하였다. 토양화학성변화토양유형에따른수확기토양화학성분은 Table 3과같다. 밭토양은논토양에비해 ph는 0.5 에서 0.2 높았고 (p < 0.01) 유효인산함량 (p < 0.001), 치환성칼륨 (p < 0.01), 칼슘 (p < 0.05), 마그네슘 (p < 0.001) 함량이많은것으로나타났으나염류농도및유기물함량은차이가없었다. 밭토양의 ph, 유효인산, 치환성칼슘함량이논토양보다높게나타난것은시험전토양화학성분과시비처방으로투입된비료량차이때문인것으로판단되었다. 또한, 논토양에서치환성칼륨과마그네슘함량이밭토양보다낮게나타난것은 Atto (1946) 의보고와같이칼륨과마그네슘고정은수분이감소할수록많았기때문인것으로생각된다. 또한, Osaki et al. (1995) 의보고와같이칼륨이고구마수량에가장크게영향을미치므로양분흡수에의한감소로판단된다. 그리고품종에따른토양 ph는논토양에서신자미가진홍미에비해 0.3 높았으나염류농도, 유기물, 유효인산, 치환성양이온함량등은차이가없었다. 토양미생물함량및군집수확기토양유형에따른미생물함량은 Table 4와같다. 미생물체량을나타내는총 FAME 함량은논토양에서진홍미가 nmol g -1, 신자미가 nmol g -1 으로밭토양의진홍미 nmol g -1, 신자미 nmol g -1 보다진홍미는 54%, 신자미는 46% 많았다 (p < 0.001). 이러한내용은논토양의미생물체함량이밭토양보다높다고보고한결과와일치하였다 (Lee et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2014). 논토양과밭토양의미생물함량차이는그람음성세균 > 그람양성세균 > 곰팡이 > 내생균근균 > 방선균함량순으로영향을준것으로나타났다. 품종에따른토양미생물체량은진홍미가신자미보다많았으며 (p < 0.001) 미생물함량차이는곰팡이 > 그람양성세균 > 내생균근균순이었다. 신자미는안토시아닌이많은가공용고구마로서 (Ahn et al., 2002) 토양에서식하는곰팡이병원균등에항균성을나타내진홍미에비해상대적으로미생물함량이낮아진것으로 Table 4. Soil microbial properties of different soil types at harvest stage of sweet potato. Soil type Variety FAME TB G( ) G(+) A F AMF nmol g Paddy Upland Jinhongmi Sinjami Jinhongmi Sinjami Significance Variety *** * NS ** NS ** * Type *** *** *** *** ** *** *** Type Variety NS NS NS NS NS NS NS FAME; total ester-linked fatty acid methyl ester; TB, total bacteria; G( ), Gram negative bacteria; G(+), Gram positive bacteria; A, actinomycetes; F, fungi; AMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; DHA, dehydrogenase activity. Significant effects were obtained from two-way analysis of variance: NS, not significant; *, significant at p < 0.05; **, significant at p < 0.01; ***, significant at p <

7 146 Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer Vol. 53, No. 2, 2020 Table 5. Soil microbial communities of different soil types expressed as % total FAME. Soil type Variety TB G( ) G(+) A F AMF % Paddy Upland Jinhongmi Sinjami Jinhongmi Sinjami Significance Variety ** * NS NS NS NS Type NS NS NS NS NS *** Type Variety NS NS NS NS NS NS TB, total bacteria; G( ), Gram negative bacteria; G(+), Gram positive bacteria; A, actinomycetes; F, fungi; AMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Significant effects were obtained from two-way analysis of variance: NS, not significant; *, significant at p < 0.05; **, significant at p < 0.01; ***, significant at p < Fig. 2. Principal component analyses of soil microbial communities of different soil types. The variance explained by each principal component (PC) axis is shown in parentheses. PC analysis shows loading values for the individual microbial biomarkers. The bars represent one standard deviation of the mean. Significant effects of PC1 were obtained from two-way analysis of variance. The soil type was significant at p < 0.01, the variety and their interaction were not significant. 생각된다 (Wen et al., 2016). 토양미생물함량을 % 로환산하여나타낸미생물군집은 Table 5와같다. 내생균근균군집은논토양에서진홍미가 6.8%, 신자미가 5.4% 로밭토양의진홍미 3.4%, 신자미 3.0% 보다분포비율이높았으나 (p < 0.001) 총세균, 그람음성세균, 그람양성세균, 곰팡이, 방선균군집은차이가없었다. 품종에따른미생물군집변화는신자미가총세균군집과그람음성세균군집이진홍미에비해많은비율을나타냈으나그람양성세균, 곰팡이, 내생균근균, 방선균군집은차이가없었다.

8 Soil Microbial Communities and Growth of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Paddy and Upland Soils 147 토양유형과품종에따른고구마수량및미생물군집의주성분분석결과는 Fig. 2와같다. 주성분분석결과제1주성분이 38.3%, 제2주성분이 24.1% 로서전체 62.4% 의자료를설명할수있는것으로나타났다. 제1주성분은총세균군집과고구마수량이관련된것으로나타났으며제2주성분은내생균근균및방선균이관련된것으로나타났다. 논토양과밭토양은제1주성분에서유의적인차이가나타났으나 (p < 0.01) 품종및토양유형과의상호작용은유의적인차이가없었다. Conclusions 논토양과밭토양유형에따른고구마생육과토양미생물군집을검토하였다. 수확기밭토양의 ph, 유효인산, 치환성칼륨, 칼슘및마그네슘함량은논토양에비해높은수치를나타냈다. 논토양의수분함량은 28.5% 로서밭토양에비해 6.7% 높은수준을유지하였으며이러한영향으로고구마수량은논토양이밭토양보다진홍미는 34%, 신자미는 24% 증대하여평균 28% 많았다. 논토양의미생물함량은밭토양에비해내생균근균은 2.8배많았으며곰팡이, 총세균, 그람양성세균, 그람음성세균및방선균은 1.4에서 1.6배많았다. 논토양의내생균근균군집은진홍미가 6.8%, 신자미가 5.4% 로밭토양의진홍미 3.4%, 신자미 3.0% 보다높은분포비율을나타냈다. 연구결과를통하여논토양은고구마생산성과미생물체량을증대시키는데밭토양보다효과적인것으로판단된다. Acknowledgement This work was carried out with the support of Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ ) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. References Aderson, W.S A preliminary study of some water relations in the sweet potato. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. Proc. 39: Ahn, Y.S., B.C. Jeong, and Y.B. Oh Production and utilization of sweet potato in Korea. In: Proceedings of international workshop on sweet potato production system toward the 21st century, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Miyazaki, Japan, pp Ahn, Y.S., B.C. Jeong, M.N. Chung, J.S. Lee, and Y.H. Oh A new purple-flesh and high anthocyanin sweetpotato variety, Sinjami. Korean J. Breed. 34: Ahn, Y.S., B.C. Jeong, M.N. Chung, J.S. Lee, K.B. Jeong, Y.B. Oh, D.H. Jeong, S.Y. Cho, E.S. Kim, and T.G. Kim A new sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivar, Jinhongmi, for the edible and the starch. Korean J. Breed. 32: Attoe, O.J Potassium fixation and release in soils occurring under moist and drying conditions. potassium availability. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 11: Belehu, T. and P.S. Hammes Effect of temperature, soil moisture content and type of cutting on establishment of sweet potato cuttings. S. Afr. J. Plant Soil. 21: Bourke, R.M Influence of soil moisture extremes on sweet potato yield in the Papua New Guinea highlands. Mt. Res. Dev. 9:

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<30302EBFB5B9AE5FB8F1C2F72E687770> ISSN 0367-6315 (Print) / ISSN 2288-2162 (Online) Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 48(2), 81-86 (2015) http://dx.doi.org/10.7745/kjssf.2015.48.2.081 Article Impacts of Soil Texture on Microbial Community of Orchard