( ) / ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Monitoring of Dioxin and Furan in Oil Fired Power Plant Y.S. Kang, M.H. Boo, C.U. Cho, Y.H. Kim, T.K. Park, J.S. Kim, J.H. Lee, M.S. Park, S.J. Bae, Y.B. Kim, S.H. Kang, H.J. An, Y.J. Hyun J.I. Lee, H.S. Song, J.S. Kim, S.H. Baek, C.W. Park, J.W. Cho, S.Y. Ham, S.J.Yeom, J.B. Jung, E.Y. Yang, S.G. Kim Labfrontier / DK Science 2012
. 2012 12 : ( ) : ( ) ( )DK : :
CONTENTS I. 1. 1. 5 II. 6. 6 1. 6 2. 6 2-1. ( ) 6 2-1-1. 6 2-1-2. 7 2-1-3. 8 2-2-1. 8 2-2-2. 9 2-2-3. 9 2-2-4. 11 2-2-5. 11 3. 12 3-1. 12 3-2. 12 3-3. 12 3-5. 15 3-6. 18. 18 1. 18
1-1. 18 1-2. 19 1-3. 20 1-4. 20 1-5. 21 2. (,, ) 22 III. 23 1. 23 2. 24 2-1. 24 2-1-1. 24 2-1-2. 24 2-1-3. 25 2-1-4. 25 2-2. (4 ) 29 2-2-1. 29 2-2-2. 29 2-2-3. 30 2-2-4. 32 2-3. (5 ) 38 2-3-1. 38 2-3-2. 38 2-3-3. 39 2-3-4. 40 2-4. (1, 2 ) 42 2-4-1. 42 2-4-2. 43 2-4-3. 43 2-4-4. 44 2-5. (1 ) 48
2-5-1. 48 2-5-2. 49 2-5-3. 49 2-5-4. 50 2-6. 54 2-6-1. 54 2-6-2. 55 2-6-3. 55 2-6-4. 56 2-7. : 4 ( ) 62 2-7-1. 62 2-7-2. 63 2-7-3. 63 2-7-4. 64 IV. 66. 66 1. 66 2. 67 2-1. 67 2-2. 68 2-2-1. 70 2-2-2. 70 2-2-3. 71 2-2-4. 72 2-2-5. 72 2-2-6. 72 2-2-7. 73 2-2-8. 73 2-2-9. 74
2-2-10. 74 2-2-11. 74 2-2-12. 74 2-2-13. 75 2-2-14. 75. 76 1. 76 2. 79 2-1. 79 2-2. 79 2-3. 81 2-4. 81 2-5. ( ) 82 3. ( ) 83. 85 V. 90 92 : 94
Tables Table 1. 2 Table 2. (2001~2009 ) 3 Table 3. ( ) 4 Table 4. 5 Table 5. 16 Table 6. (Mass spectrometer) 17 Table 7. 17 Table 8. 18 Table 9. (2012 ) 19 Table 10. (2012 ) 19 Table 11. (2012 ) 20 Table 12. (2012 ) 21 Table 13. (2012 ) 21 Table 14. 22 Table 15. 23 Table 16. 24 Table 17. 25 Table 18. 26 Table 19. ( ) 27 Table 20. (4 ) 30 Table 21. (4 ) 31 Table 22. TMS 31 Table 23. (4 ) 32 Table 24. (4 ) 36
Table 25. (5 ) 38 Table 26. (5 ) 39 Table 27. (5 ) 40 Table 28. 42 Table 29. 43 Table 30. 44 Table 31. 46 Table 32. (1 ) 48 Table 33. (1 ) 49 Table 34. (1 ) 50 Table 35. (1 ) 52 Table 36. (2 ) 54 Table 37. (1 ) 55 Table 38. (1 ) 56 Table 39. (1 ) 57 Table 40. Main isomer of dioxin according to pollution source 58 Table 41. (1 ) Ash 60 Table 42. 4 ( ) 62 Table 43. 4 ( ) 63 Table 44. 4 ( ) 64 Table 45. 69 Table 46. 70 Table 47. 71 Table 48. 73 Table 49. 76 Table 50. 87 Table 51. 88
FIGURES Fig. 1. 13 Fig. 2. 14 Fig. 3. 15 Fig. 4. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Hanlim TPP 27 Fig. 5. Typical congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in Incinerator Stack 28 Fig. 6. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in heavy-oil power plant in the Taiwan 28 Fig. 7. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(diesel) from Hanlim TPP 29 Fig. 8. 34 Fig. 9. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #4 35 Fig. 10. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #4 35 Fig. 11. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Ulsan TPP #4 36 Fig. 12. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Ulsan TPP #4 37 Fig. 13. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(b-c oil) in Ulsan TPP #4 37 Fig. 14. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #5 41 Fig. 15. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #5 41 Fig. 16. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in boiler from Pyungtak TPP 45 Fig. 17. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Pyungtak TPP 45 Fig. 18. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Pyungtak TPP 45 Fig. 19. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Pyungtak TPP 47 Fig. 20. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(b-c oil) from Pyungtak TPP 47 Fig. 21. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Youngnam TPP 51 Fig. 22. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Youngnam TPP 51 Fig. 23. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Youngnam TPP 53 Fig. 24. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in B-C oil from Youngnam TPP 53 Fig. 25. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in boiler from Chungju Heating Corp. 58
Fig. 26. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Chungju Heating Corp. 59 Fig. 27. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Chungju Heating Corp. 59 Fig. 28. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in B-C oil from Chungju Heating Corp. 61 Fig. 29. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in Ash from Chungju Heating Corp. 61 Fig. 30. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #4(re-analysed) 65 Fig. 31. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #4(re-analysed) 65 Fig. 32. 77 Fig. 33. 83
m,. m,. m, (, ). m m 5 m 5 - : 5 (O 2 CO 2, CO, NOx, SOx), PCDDs/PCDFs 17 m - ( ) m 5 (,,,, ) 0.015 ng-i-teq/sm 3, 4 0.013 ng-i-teq/sm 3, 0.004 ng-i-teq/sm 3, 0.014 ng-i-teq/sm 3, 0.010 ng-i-teq/sm 3. m Ash 4 0.015 ng-i-teq/g, 0.013 ng-i-teq/g, 0.010 ng-i-teq/g, 0.005 ng-i-teq/g. m ( ) 0.001 ng-i-teq/g, 4,,, C 4 0.197 ng-i-teq/g, 0.325 ng-i-teq/g, 0.039 ng-i-teq/g, 0.011 ng-i-teq/g. m 5 1~4 μg-i-teq/yr. m,.
I..,,,,,,. Olie 1977, 1990,.,,,,,,. 2012 3 (, ), 2001 2009 ( ),. 2009 12.8 g I-TEQ/yr 2009 10.1 %( 16.3 % ).,.,. 1997,,.,..,., - 1 -
., (, ). Table 1. [day/yr] [MWh/yr] 1 EP FGD( ) B-C 103 277,447 2 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 85 234,453 1 SCR( ) EP WS B-C 335 598,478 2 SCR( ) EP WS B-C 360 681,936 1 73 24,955 2 75 19,872 1 EP B-C 89 259,510 4 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 126 619,316 1 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 200 730,000 2 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 203 690,000 3 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 174 625,000 4 SCR EP FGD( ) B-C 168 564 ( ) 1 (CHP) SCR( ) EP WS LSWR 121 86,563 ( ) 1 (CHP) SCR+SNCR( ) EP WS B-C 166 127,838 ( ) 1 (CHP) SCR( ) EP WS B-C 223 202,602 * : POPs (I),, 2011. - 2 -
2012 3 (, ), 2001 2009 ( ). * :,, 2012 ( ), 2009 127 g I-TEQ/yr, 48 g I-TEQ/yr 2009 38% (, 2012). 2003 0.2, 2006 (2 / 40 10 ng TEQ/N m3 ) 2007 (272 155 ). - 3 -
* : (, 2012), 2009 2001 (880g I-TEQ/yr) 94.5%, 78.6g I-TEQ/yr, 2001 (123.8g I-TEQ/yr) 36.5%. (2001 ) (89 %). ( ),. 78.6 g I-TEQ/yr 62 %, 41.7 g I-TEQ/yr 33 %. 2009 12.8 g I-TEQ/yr 2009 10.1 %( 16.3 % ) - 4 -
.,,. Table 4,,.. POPs.,. POPs, ( ). - 5 -
II.. 1.. 2. 2-1. ( ) 2-1-1.. -. - ( ).. -,,,., 2-6 -
. - 5,.,. 500 g. - 1 500 g. - 2 m 500 g. -.,. -. -. - 5 6,. - 5 9,. 2-1-2. - - 7 -
( ). -,, 5 mm, 5 mm 0.5 5 mm. 2-1-3. -, 4. -, 4 7, 30. -10, 1. 2-2. 2-2-1.,. - :,,,, - :,,,, ( ) - :, -, :, - 8 -
- :. 2-2-2. -,,,,,,, XAD-2,. - XAD-2... 2-2-3. - ( ).,,,,. ( ),.. /, 3. - 9 -
-.,... -,. - ±5%.,. - (0, 1 ) 4 3 m 3.,. - 120 120., (50 0 ) 120. -.,. - 10 -
-,.,. -. XAD-2 30. -,,. 1 2 3. 2-2-4. - XAD-2,.. -,,. 2-2-5. -, XAD-2 4,. 4,. -, 4 7, 30-11 -
. -10. 2-3. - drain valve 1 L -C. 3. 3-1. (POPs) - -HRGC/HRMS(ES 10450.1) HRGC/ HRMS. 3-2. (POPs) - -HRGC/HRMS(ES 10330.1) HRGC/ HRMS. 3-3. (POPs) - (ES 10480.1) DMSO,, HRGC/ HRMS. - 12 -
3-4, Fig 1~ Fig. 3. μ μ - 13 -
μ μ - 14 -
μ μ 3-5. Table 5 PCDDs 4 TCDD(tetrachloro dibenzo p-dioxin) 1, 5 PCDD(pentachlorodibenzop-dioxin) 1, 6 HxCDD (hexachlorodi-benzo p-dioxin) 3, 7 HpCDD(heptachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin) 1 8 OCDD (octachloro dibenzo p-dioxin) 1 7, PCDFs 4-15 -
TCDF(tetrachloro dibenzo furan) 1, 5 PCDF(pentachloro dibenzo furan) 2, 6 HxCDF(hexachloro dibenzo furan) 4, 7 HpCDF (heptachloro dibenzo furan) 2 8 OCDF(octachloro dibenzo furan) 1 10, 17. SP-2331 (Supelco) 10,000 HRGC/HRMS. 2 (Selected ion) M+, (M+2)+ (M+4)+., Table 5, Table 6~7. Table 5. Congeners m/z M + (M+2) + (M+4) + Theoretical ratio 2,3,7,8- TCDD 319.8965 321.8936 0.77 1,2,3,7,8- PeCDD 355.8546 357.8517 1.55 1,2,3,4,7,8- HxCDD 389.8156 391.8127 1.24 PCDDs 1,2,3,6,7,8- HxCDD 389.8156 391.8127 1.24 1,2,3,7,8,9- HxCDD 389.8156 391.8127 1.24 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- HpCDD 423.7767 425.7737 1.05 OCDD 457.7377 459.7348 0.89 2,3,7,8- TCDF 303.9016 305.8987 0.77 1,2,3,7,8- PeCDF 339.8597 341.8568 1.55 2,3,4,7,8- PeCDF 339.8597 341.8568 1.55 1,2,3,4,7,8- HxCDF 373.8207 375.8178 1.24 PCDFs 1,2,3,6,7,8- HxCDF 373.8207 375.8178 1.24 1,2,3,7,8,9- HxCDF 373.8207 375.8178 1.24 2,3,4,6,7,8- HxCDF 373.8207 375.8178 1.24 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- HpCDF 407.7818 409.7788 1.05 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- HpCDF 407.7818 409.7788 1.05 OCDF 441.7428 443.7398 0.89-16 -
Table 6. (Mass spectrometer) (Mass Spectrometer) (Double Focusing Type) 10,000 (10% Valley ) (SIM) (EI), 32eV Trap Current 500 μa, : 250 Table 7. Parameters Column Oven Condition Carrier gas Analytical Condition SP2331(60 m 0.32 mm ID 0.2 µm) 120, 1min hold 20 /min to 220, 20min hold 5 /min to 260, 26min hold He, 1.4ml /min Injector 260 Transfer line 260 Type of injection Injection volume Ionization type Electron energy Resolution Monitoring Splitless mode 1μl EI (positive) 38eV 10,000 at m/z 331 (PFK) 4 windows Ion source 250-17 -
3-6. (CS; Calibration Standard, EPA-1613CVS), (LCS ; Labeled Compound Standard, EPA-1613LCS), (PAR ; Precision and Recovery Standard, EPA-1613PAR), (ISS; Internal Standard Solution, EPA-1613ISS) Wellington Laboratories Inc.(Canada).. 1. 2 5. Table 8. ( ) (2 ) ( ) ( 2, 4 ) ( ) (1, 2 ) (1 ) ( ) ( 2, 5 ) (1 ) : ( ) (SCR) (EP) (FGD, ) (SCR) (EP) (FGD, ) (SCR) (EP) (WS) (SCR) (EP) (FGD, ) (SCR) (EP) (FGD, ) 1-1. 105MW (G/T:35MW 2, S/T 35MW 1 ). 1997 7,. - 18 -
(2012 ) 1-2. 196 kw, 40 kw 3 16 kw 1. 1968 2 1968 7, 1 (20 kw) 2 (20 kw) 1970 12 1971 3. 1971 6 1972 4 2. 1973 7 3 (20 kw). 1977 5 22 kw 10 kw 1979 10. 1~3 1979 12 4, 1980 5 5, 1980 12 6 ( 重油專燒式 ) 120 kw(40 kw 3). (2012 ) B-C SCR EP FGD( ) 5,911 1,670,114 (4 ) - 19 -
1-3. 140 kw.. 1977 11, 1980 5, 1, 2 35 kw. 44.6 %. 3 4 ( 35 kw ) 1, 2 (Copy plant) (Turn-key),. 1979 5 1983 3, 4 70 kw, LNG ( ). 49 kwh. Table 11. (2012 ) (1 ) B-C SCR EP FGD( ) 3,529 932,228 (2 ) B-C SCR EP FGD( ) 3,477 897,229 1-4., 40 kw., 1, 2. 1 (20 kw) AID 102 3200 1969 5, 1973 2, 2 AEG 1967 4, 1970 12., - 20 -
( ) 1, 2, 3, 4 (1 5000 kw 4=6 kw 67 ) 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 (1 5000 kw 6=9 kw, 1969 ) 1976 2, 2 (5 6 ). Table 12. (2012 ) 573,276 1-5., 1985 11 1998 5, 2000 10. ( 105Kcal/h, 61MW), (150t/h 2 =154Gcal/h), (58.0 km 2 ), (69,000 ). Table 13. (2012 ) (1 ) (hr/yr) B-C SCR( ) EP WS 5,516 (MWh/yr) : 219,834 : 430,956 Gcal/yr - 21 -
2. (,, ) Table 14. T,., SCR, EP Stack 3., Boiler, EP Stack 3., B-C. EP SCR Stack 3, 5 SCR EP., 4 EP SCR EP. - 22 -
III. 1. Table 15. 17.42 ~ 5,042.4 g/yr, 1.0~248.4 g/yr. 0.6 ~ 19.3 %. (g) ( 09) 126.6 12.8 (10.1 %) - 41.7 15.9 5.8 0.9 48 - - 1.5 - - ( 08) 215 ~ 226 ( 02) 894.3 ( 04) 285 ( 04) 5,042.4 ( 04) 34.13 ( 04) 500 ( 08) 399 (08) 17.42 1.3 131 ~ 2.2 ~ - 55.5 20.2 0.83 0.2 1.1-0.07 (0.6 %) 136 4.9 15.7 - - - - - - - - - - - (1.8 %) 12.5 (4.4 %) 20.7 116.9 12.7 107.1-7.0 - - 6.8 248.4 (4.9 %) 1,056 2,486.2 413.6 0.68 610.4-119.7-64 44.2 1.04 (3.1 %) 29.47 0.38 - - 0.22 1.37 1.50 0.15 - - 14.3 (2.9 %) 20.6 20.3 91.95 1.48 0.4 94.4 240 8.6 0.3-0.06 9.6 201.1 37.3 18.8 - - 0.8 - - 111.1 (2.4 %) 3.37-0.68 0.09 0.03 0.72 11.95 0.42-0.18 (19.3 %) : POPs (I), 2011, - 23 -
2. 2-1. 2-1-1., 2012 8 9 10. ( ). 5, 4 Sm 3 8 9 2 ( ) 4 Sm 3. : (Sm 3 ) (%) (%) ( ) (Sm 3 /h) 1 1 (8/9) 4.0 97.7 5.6 169.4 499,093 2 2 (8/9) 3.4 97.2 5.4 169.0 437,343 3 3 (8/10) 4.2 97.8 5.8 167.7 507,702 3.9 97.6 5.6 168.7 481,379 2-1-2., 16 %. - 24 -
2-1-3. Table 17 Stack. CO 4.6 ppm, 1, 2 6~7.7 ppm CO 3 0.5 ppm 1, 2 3 1, 2. SO 2 1.9 ppm. 1 SO 2 0.4 ppm 1, SO 2. 2, 3 SO 2. O 2 (%) CO 2 (%) CO (ppm) NO X (ppm) SO 2 (ppm) 1 (8/9) 15.6 4.0 7.4 176.2 0.4 2 (8/9) 16.6 3.2 6.0 153.4 2.9 3 (8/10) 15.8 3.8 0.5 158.8 2.5 16.0 3.7 4.6 162.8 1.9-1 - CO, NOx, SO 2 : O 2(4 %) 2-1-4. Table 18 Stack. 3 0.265 ~ 0.282 ng/sm 3 ( 0.270 ng/sm 3 ), 0.014 ~ 0.017 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ( 0.015 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3. - 25 -
(ng/sm3) (ng I-TEQ/Sm3) 1 2 3 1 2 3 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.005 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.011 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.011 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.017 0.016 0.011 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.010 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.023 0.029 0.020 0.024 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Total PCDFs 0.105 0.092 0.078 0.091 0.009 0.007 0.007 0.008 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.004 0.003 0.005 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.026 0.027 0.024 0.026 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDD 0.131 0.141 0.146 0.139 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Total PCDDs 0.183 0.190 0.187 0.187 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.007 PCDFs + PCDDs 0.282 0.265 0.265 0.270 0.017 0.014 0.014 0.015 Table 19. 0.147 ng/g, 0.001 ng I-TEQ/g. HpCDF, HpCDD OCDD,. - 26 -
(ng/g*) (ng I-TEQ/g) 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.028 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.000 0.000 Total PCDFs 0.028 0.000 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.030 0.000 OCDD 0.089 0.000 Total PCDDs 0.119 0.000 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.147 0.001 * (1 ml) (g). Fig. 4. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Hanlim TPP - 27 -
stack, (Fig. 5 (a)) 70 %, OCDD 17 isomer 50 %. OCDF Hepta-CDD isomer. Wang(2009) isomer (Fig. 6). (a) (b) Fig. 5. Typical congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in Incinerator Stack (a : total Conc./ b : TEQs Conc.) (a) (b) Fig. 6. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in heavy-oil power plant in the Taiwan. (a : total/ b : TEQs) - 28 -
Fig. 7. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(diesel) from Hanlim TPP 2-2. (4 ) 2-2-1. ( ) 6, 4 400MW 2.59 % B-C.,, 2012 5,911 hr/yr 16. SCR, EP, EP. : 2-2-2. 4 thermal NOx SCR - 29 -
1 %. SCR air pre-heater, leak.,, 3 150 mm. 2-2-3. Table 21 Stack. CO SCR > Stack > EP, Stack CO 125.6 ppm. NOx CO,. - 30 -
O2 (%) CO 2 (%) CO (ppm) NOX (ppm) SO 2 (ppm) 1 (8/22) 0.8 15 189.7 114.7 961.1 SCR 2 ((8/22) 0.8 14.9 131.7 117.1-3 (8/23) 0.9 14.9 143.2 114.8-0.9 14.9 154.9 115.5 961.1 1 (8/22) 6.6 10.7 132.6 124.6 1,069.4 EP 2 ((8/22) 7.8 9.8 91.7 134.0 1,190.3 3 (8/23) 7.6 9.9 107.7 126.9 1,153.4 7.3 10.1 110.7 128.5 1,137.7 1 (8/22) 7.6 9.9 149 165.1 61.8 Stack 2 ((8/22) 8 9.6 118.9 171.6 59.0 3 (8/23) 7.2 10.2 108.8 161.2 72.9 7.6 9.9 125.6 166.0 64.6 NOx. NOx Stack NOx (150 ppm(6 %)). SOx SCR 961 ppm 65 ppm. Table 22 TMS. #4 : (8/21~8/23), #5 : 2010 10 21, #6: 2010 12 23-31 -
2-2-4. 4 Table 23. 4 SCR, EP Stack SCR 0.006, EP 0.013, Stack 0.013 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3. 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3. SCR EP 3 EP SCR 5. - 32 -
EP( ) EP. (1992), 250 ~ 300 (Fig 8(a)). 4 EP 300, 150., EP. 4 2012 11 SCR EP, SCR EP. 4 5,., NDC(1996) (EP) (FF) Memory effect. Fig 8(b) 2, 270, 160. 400 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3, 0.3 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3. - 33 -
,. (a) (1992) (b) NDC (1996). de novo synthesis. 300, fly ash. 470. Fig. 8(a) 250 ~ 300.,. (, 1992). 200. ( ) (NDC, 1996). - 34 -
4, SCR : = 50 % : 50 %, EP 30 % : 70 %, Stack 50 % : 50 %. SCR isomer OCDD > HxCDF > HpCDF> OCDF, 6 87 %. EP isomer OCDF > HpCDF > OCDD > HxCDF. EP. Stack isomer OCDD > HxCDF > HpCDF > OCDF, EP. Fig. 9. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #4 Fig. 10. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #4-35 -
Fig. 11. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Ulsan TPP #4 (ng/g) (ng I-TEQ/g) Ash( ) Ash( ) 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.004 0.029 0.000 0.003 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.004 0.054 0.000 0.003 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.008 0.117 0.004 0.059 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.003 0.045 0.000 0.004 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.006 0.101 0.001 0.010 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.010 0.135 0.001 0.013 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.008 0.120 0.001 0.012 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.011 0.136 0.000 0.001 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.007 0.102 0.000 0.001 OCDF 0.016 0.241 0.000 0.000 Total PCDFs 0.077 1.081 0.007 0.107 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.002 0.026 0.002 0.026 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.006 0.075 0.003 0.037 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.005 0.081 0.001 0.008 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.087 0.001 0.009 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.005 0.079 0.001 0.008 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.010 0.128 0.000 0.001 OCDD 0.024 0.284 0.000 0.000 Total PCDDs 0.060 0.761 0.007 0.090 PCDFs +PCDDs 0.137 1.842 0.015 0.197-36 -
4 EP Table 24. 0.137 ng/g, 0.015 ng I-TEQ/g. 1.842 ng/g, 0.197 ng I-TEQ/g. Fig. 12 ~ Fig. 13 (B-C ). HxCDF > OCDD > HpCDF > HxCDD > OCDF, 6 80 %. PCDF PCDD 60 %. 6 85 %,. Fig. 12. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Ulsan TPP #4 Fig. 13. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(b-c oil) in Ulsan TPP #4-37 -
2-3. (5 ) 2-3-1. ( ) 6, 5 400MW 2.59 % B-C.,, 2011 4,464 hr/yr 12. SCR EP. : 2-3-2. 70%,,,. - 38 -
SCR Hybrid SCR( SNCR, SCR ). 2-3-3. CO SCR > EP, NOx 150 ppm(6 %). NOx Stack NOx (150 ppm(6 %)). SOx SCR 1,066 ppm, EP 1,158 ppm. SCR < EP, SCR EP.. - 39 -
2-3-4. 5 Table 27. (ng/sm 3 ) (ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) SCR EP SCR EP 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0008 0.0227 0.000 0.0023 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0007 0.0181 0.000 0.0009 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0012 0.0160 0.001 0.0080 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0006 0.0073 0.000 0.0007 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0010 0.0120 0.000 0.0012 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0011 0.0136 0.000 0.0014 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0011 0.0044 0.000 0.0004 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.0027 0.0227 0.000 0.0002 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0007 0.0070 0.000 0.0001 OCDF 0.0020 0.0060 0.000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.0119 0.1298 0.0010 0.0152 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0006 0.0015 0.001 0.0015 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0006 0.0081 0.000 0.0040 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0004 0.0038 0.000 0.0004 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0006 0.0041 0.000 0.0004 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0003 0.0024 0.000 0.0002 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0018 0.0123 0.000 0.0001 OCDD 0.0022 0.0140 0.000 0.0000 Total PCDDs 0.0065 0.0462 0.0010 0.0067 PCDFs + PCDDs 0.018 0.176 0.002 0.022 SCR EP SCR 0.002, EP 0.022 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3, 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3. SCR EP 3 EP SCR 10. 4 EP - 40 -
. 5, SCR : = 35 % : 65 %, EP 20 % : 75 %. SCR isomer HxCDF > HpCDF > OCDD> OCDF, 6 79 %. EP isomer HxCDF > PeCDF > HxCDF >TCDF, SCR. EP, 4. Fig. 14. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #5 Fig. 15. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #5-41 -
2-4. (1, 2 ) 2-4-1. 350 MW 4,,.., SCR EP. 1 1, 2, 3 2,. : - 42 -
2-4-2.. 1 1, 2, 3 2., FGD,. 1, 2 3, 30 % ~ 100 %. 2-4-3. 1.2 % SCR, SCR.. - 43 -
2-4-4. PCDD/Fs Table 30. 0.049 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.015 ~ 0.111 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) SCR 0.008 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.006 ~ 0.011 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ). EP FGD 0.004 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.001 ~ 0.006 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 )., SCR 84 %, EP FGD 63 %. - 44 -
Fig. 16. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in boiler from Pyungtak TPP Fig. 17. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Pyungtak TPP Fig. 18. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Pyungtak TPP 17 Fig. 16 ~ 18. SCR : = 40 % : 60 %, 20 % : 80 %. isomer HxCDF > PeCDF > HpCDF > HpCDD> OCDD > HxCDD, 6 74 % - 45 -
. SCR isomer HpCDF, OCDD > HxCDF > HpCDD > PeCDF, 6 83 %. HpCDF > HxCDF > PeCDF > OCDF, SCR 6 80 %. (ng/g) (ng I-TEQ/g) Ash Ash 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0110 0.2333 0.0011 0.0233 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0071 0.1639 0.0004 0.0082 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0108 0.2556 0.0054 0.1278 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0028 0.1083 0.0003 0.0108 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0060 0.2389 0.0006 0.0239 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0002 0.0278 0.0000 0.0028 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0054 0.2000 0.0005 0.0200 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.0106 0.4667 0.0001 0.0047 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0004 0.0333 0.0000 0.0003 OCDF 0.0034 0.1444 0.0000 0.0001 Total PCDFs 0.0577 1.8722 0.0084 0.2219 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0010 0.0389 0.0010 0.0389 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0042 0.0722 0.0021 0.0361 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0034 0.0556 0.0003 0.0056 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0050 0.0889 0.0005 0.0089 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0030 0.0833 0.0003 0.0083 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0190 0.4833 0.0002 0.0048 OCDD 0.0074 0.6167 0.0000 0.0006 Total PCDDs 0.0430 1.4389 0.0044 0.1032 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.101 3.311 0.013 0.325 EP Table 31. 0.074 ng/g, 0.013 ng - 46 -
I-TEQ/g. 3.311 ng/g, 0.325 ng I-TEQ/g. Fig. 19. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Pyungtak TPP Fig. 20. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in fuel(b-c oil) from Pyungtak TPP Fig. 19 ~ Fig. 20 (B-C ). HpCDD > PeCDF > HxCDF > HxCDD > HpCDF, 6 65 %. PCDF : PCDD 6 : 4. OCDD > HxCDF > HpCDF > HpCDD > PeCDF, 6 PCDF PCDD 77 %, (B-C ). - 47 -
2-5. (1 ) 2-5-1. 2.59 % (B-C ) 200 MW 2. 1970 40. 2013, 2, 1. EP,. EP 3. EP. : - 48 -
2-5-2. (21:00 ~ 07:00) (11:50 ~ 12:50) 40 % ~ 50 %,. 2 SCR, 1 SCR.,, 3 2.5. 40 2013. 2-5-3. O 2 CO 2 CO NO X SO 2 (%) (%) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) 1 (10/31) 3.7 9.8 69.0 218.1 1,206.9 EP 2 (10/31) 4.0 9.6 53.1 183.7 1,219.9 3 (11/1) 3.7 9.7 62.0 188.0 1,151.9 3.8 9.7 61.4 196.6 1,192.9 1 (10/31) 5.1 9.0 63.9 192.3 0.0 2 (10/31) 5.3 8.9 48.3 181.1 0.0 3 (11/1) 5.3 8.9 62.3 177.7 1.1 5.2 8.9 58.2 183.7 0.4-1 - CO, NOx, SO 2 : O 2(4 %) 1 SCR NOx. NOx. 99 %. - 49 -
2-5-4. Table 34, 0.032 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.015 ~ 0.042 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) EP FGD 0.014 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.012 ~ 0.018 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 )., EP FGD 56 %. (ng/sm 3 ) (ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) EP Stack EP Stack 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0123 0.0156 0.0012 0.0017 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0165 0.0100 0.0008 0.0005 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0261 0.0096 0.0129 0.0052 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0207 0.0056 0.0021 0.0006 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0402 0.0109 0.0040 0.0012 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0034 0.0025 0.0003 0.0003 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0486 0.0110 0.0048 0.0012 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.1198 0.0294 0.0012 0.0003 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0130 0.0045 0.0002 0.0000 OCDF 0.0030 0.0007 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.3035 0.0998 0.0275 0.0109 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0000 0.0007 0.0000 0.0007 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0041 0.0031 0.0020 0.0017 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0078 0.0008 0.0008 0.0001 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0079 0.0030 0.0008 0.0003 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0038 0.0033 0.0004 0.0004 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0486 0.0107 0.0005 0.0001 OCDD 0.0432 0.0154 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDDs 0.1154 0.0370 0.0045 0.0033 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.419 0.137 0.032 0.014-50 -
17 Fig 21 ~ 22. EP : 30 % : 70 %. EP isomer HpCDF HxCDF, 6 86 %. isomer HpCDF > HxCDF > PeCDF > TCDF, 6 83 %. HpCDF > HxCDF > PeCDF > OCDF, 6 70 % EP. EP Stack. Fig. 21. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Youngnam TPP Fig. 22. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Youngnam TPP - 51 -
(ng/g) (ng I-TEQ/g) 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0053 0.0165 0.0005 0.0017 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0043 0.0141 0.0002 0.0007 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0059 0.0330 0.0030 0.0165 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0047 0.0176 0.0005 0.0018 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0079 0.0352 0.0008 0.0035 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0027 0.0070 0.0003 0.0007 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0079 0.087 0.0008 0.0019 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.0211 0.0846 0.0002 0.0008 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 OCDF 0.0119 0.0070 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.0718 0.2337 0.0063 0.0276 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0053 0.0118 0.0027 0.0059 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0013 0.0141 0.0001 0.0014 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0053 0.0141 0.0005 0.0014 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0067 0.0211 0.0007 0.0021 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0086 0.0634 0.0001 0.0006 OCDD 0.0311 0.1065 0.0000 0.0001 Total PCDDs 0.0584 0.2311 0.0041 0.0116 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.130 0.465 0.010 0.039 EP Table 35. 0.130 ng/g, 0.010 ng I-TEQ/g. 0.465 ng/g, 0.039 ng I-TEQ/g. Fig. 23 ~ Fig. 24 EP (B-C ). isomer OCDD > HxCDF > HpCDF, 6 PCDD PCDF 85 %. - 52 -
OCDD > HpCDF > HxCDF > HpCDD > HxCDD, 6 PCDD PCDF 85 %,. PCDF : PCDD EP 55 : 44, 50 : 50. Fig. 23. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in ash from Youngnam TPP Fig. 24. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs in B-C oil from Youngnam TPP - 53 -
2-6. 2-6-1. 2000 10. 1 2, 1 % (B-C ) SCR, (EP), ( ). 2012 2,516, 71,241 kl -219,834 Mw -430,956 Gcal. : - 54 -
2-6-2. 3, 1, SCR Stack 3 5 4 Sm3., B-C. 60, 100. 2-6-3. - 1 - CO, NOx, SO 2 : O 2(4 %) 1 Table 37. CO 2, NOx. 2 3 CO - 55 -
2 1 CO 100 ppm. CO CO CO. 1 (Table 38)., SO 2 1, 2 11 line SO 2. CO. O 2, CO 2 NOx, CO 0.0 ppm., Stack SOx 7.5 ppm TMS. 2-6-4. (1 ), SCR Stack 3 Table 39. 0.035 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.021 ~ 0.049 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) SCR 0.012 ng - 56 -
I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.009 ~ 0.016 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ). FGD 0.010 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.009 ~ 0.012 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 )., SCR EP FGD 65 %. FGD 16 %. (1 ) 81 %. (ng/sm 3 ) (ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) Boiler SCR Stack Boiler SCR Stack 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0101 0.0046 0.0050 0.0010 0.0005 0.0005 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0158 0.0051 0.0037 0.0008 0.0003 0.0002 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0309 0.0084 0.0067 0.0154 0.0042 0.0033 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0126 0.0039 0.0031 0.0013 0.0004 0.0003 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0254 0.0080 0.0060 0.0025 0.0008 0.0006 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0073 0.0074 0.0068 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0153 0.0017 0.0042 0.0015 0.0002 0.0004 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.0229 0.0109 0.0095 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0039 0.0026 0.0053 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 OCDF 0.0027 0.0048 0.0079 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.1470 0.0575 0.0583 0.0236 0.0072 0.0062 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0031 0.0018 0.0014 0.0031 0.0018 0.0014 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0122 0.0042 0.0033 0.0061 0.0021 0.0016 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0056 0.0022 0.0032 0.0006 0.0002 0.0003 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0073 0.0030 0.0036 0.0007 0.0003 0.0004 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0040 0.0017 0.0023 0.0004 0.0002 0.0002 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0115 0.0067 0.0067 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 OCDD 0.0063 0.0086 0.0118 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDDs 0.0498 0.0283 0.0323 0.0110 0.0046 0.0040 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.197 0.086 0.091 0.035 0.012 0.010-57 -
(1 ) 17 Fig 25 ~ 27. : 25 % : 75 %, SCR Stack : 35 % : 65 %. isomer HxCDF, PeCDF HpCDF, 6 PCDD PCDF 62 %. SCR isomer, 6 72 %. HxCDF > HpCDF > OCDD > PeCDF, 6 78 %. SCR isomer PeCDF HxCDF, Evers(1993) (Table 40).. Fig. 25. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in boiler from Chungju Heating Corp. - 58 -
Fig. 26. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Chungju Heating Corp. Fig. 27. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in stack gas from Chungju Heating Corp. (1 ) Table 41. 0.067 ng/g, 0.005 ng I-TEQ/g. 0.103 ng/g, 0.011 ng I-TEQ/g. - 59 -
(ng/g) (ng I-TEQ/g) Ash Ash 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.002 0.009 0.000 0.0004 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.005 0.013 0.002 0.0065 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.007 0.000 0.0007 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.005 0.017 0.000 0.0017 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.004 0.015 0.000 0.0015 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.007 0.000 0.001 0.0000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.007 0.026 0.000 0.0003 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.0000 OCDF 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.045 0.087 0.004 0.0111 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.006 0.017 0.000 0.0002 OCDD 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.0000 Total PCDDs 0.022 0.017 0.001 0.0002 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.067 0.103 0.005 0.011 Fig. 28 (1 ) (B-C ). isomer HpCDF, HxCDF, PeCDF, PCDF. PCDD HpCDD. Fig. 29 (1 ) ash. isomer HxCDF > HpCDF > OCDF > HxCDD > OCDD, 6 90%. - 60 -
Fig. 28. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in B-C oil from Chungju Heating Corp. Fig. 29. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in Ash from Chungju Heating Corp. - 61 -
2-7. : 4 ( ) 2-7-1. ( ) 6, 4 400Mw 2.59 % B-C.,, 2012 5,911 16. SCR, EP, 2012 8 1 EP SCR EP. : - 62 -
2-7-2. 4 12 6 7, 12 6 3. 10 1, SCR V 2 O 5, EP. thermal NOx, SCR 1 %. 24, 1 (8/22~8/23).. 2-7-3. Table 43. O 2 CO 2 1, SOx. CO SCR 5, EP 7. Table 43. 4 ( ) O 2 CO 2 CO NO X SO 2 (%) (%) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) 1 (12/6) 1.1 14.8 864.9 190.8 820.1 SCR 2 (12/6) 0.9 14.9 690.6 142.9 974.3 3 (12/7) 1.0 14.8 553.4 75.7 817.1 1.0 14.8 703.0 136.5 870.5 1 (12/6) 8.1 9.5 1,150.5 146.6 1,134.2 EP 2 (12/6) 8.5 9.2 904.4 139.5 956.9 3 (12/7) 9.2 8.7 771.2 103.7 1,068.3 8.6 9.2 942.0 129.9 1,053.1-1 - CO, NOx, SO 2 : O 2(4 %) - 63 -
2-7-4. (4 ) EP SCR EP, Table 44. (ng/sm 3 ) (ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) SCR EP SCR EP 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.0008 0.0066 0.0001 0.0007 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.0014 0.0085 0.0001 0.0004 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.0018 0.0095 0.0009 0.0047 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.0009 0.0040 0.0001 0.0004 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0017 0.0068 0.0002 0.0007 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.0012 0.0051 0.0001 0.0005 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.0012 0.0016 0.0001 0.0002 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.0030 0.0098 0.0000 0.0001 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.0006 0.0023 0.0000 0.0000 OCDF 0.0011 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDFs 0.0135 0.0579 0.0016 0.0077 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.0004 0.0024 0.0004 0.0024 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.0009 0.0033 0.0005 0.0017 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.0006 0.0015 0.0001 0.0002 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.0007 0.0022 0.0001 0.0002 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.0006 0.0019 0.0001 0.0002 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.0015 0.0042 0.0000 0.0000 OCDD 0.0013 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 Total PCDDs 0.0060 0.0191 0.0011 0.0047 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.020 0.077 0.003 0.012 2012 8, 2012 10, SCR. SCR 0.003 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.002 ~ 0.004 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) EP 0.012 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 (0.009 ~ - 64 -
0.016 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) 4. (4 )-1 5, (200 ~ 300 ) EP. 4, SCR : = 70 % : 30 %, EP 75 % : 25 %. SCR isomer HxCDF > HpCDF> PeCDF, 6 74 %. EP isomer HxCDF > HpCDF > PeCDF, 6 60 %. Fig. 30. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in SCR from Ulsan TPP #4(re-analysed) Fig. 31. Congener profiles of 17 PCDD/Fs concentration in EP from Ulsan TPP #4(re-analysed) - 65 -
IV.. 1. 1997 50 /, 2001 0.2 ~ 2 /hr. 2003 0.2, (0.1 ~ 10 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3 ). 2008. (20008. 01. 28) 2005 7 2008 2001 30%, 2010 2001 50 %.., 2001, (, ) 290, 1,800.,, 3.,,.,,,,, ( - 66 -
)..,. 2. 20. (WHO) 10pg 2378-TCDD/kg-weight 1 4pg WHO-TEQ/kg-weight Co-PCBs. 2-1. (Clean Air Act, CAA) 189 (HAPs), Section 112(c)(6) ( 90) 28). EPA (NESHAPs 29). CAA 112 129,., / /,,. - 67 -
CAA,. 7%, 1997 13ng-Total/ m3 (0.1 ~ 0.3 ng I-TEQ/ m3 ). EPA, 24 g-teq/yr, 6 ~ 7 g-teq/yr (USEPA, 1998). 2-2. (Directive).,..,,. Table 45. - 68 -
- 69 -
2-2-1. 1994 28.7g I-TEQ (UBAVIE, 1996). 58% 16.7g I-TEQ. Table 46. 2-2-2. Brussel, Flander Wallony 3. Table 47. - 70 -
2-2-3. 1997 (Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1997). 1995 50g I-TEQ, 20g I-TEQ/yr. 5g I-TEQ 7.5g I-TEQ.,,. '91 100g N-TEQ 1995 50g I-TEQ. 1997 1 14 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³, 1995 7 25 PCPs. - 71 -
2-2-4.. 1995 1.0ng I-TEQ/m³, (1990. 12. 1 ) 1.0ng I-TEQ/m³ 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³. 2-2-5. ADEME. (Adème, 1999). 1997 Adème 400 g I-TEQ/yr, CITEPA(Centre Interprofessionel Technique d'études de la Pollution Atmosphérique) 510 g I-TEQ/yr, 30 40%. 1997 2 24 0.1 ng I-TEQ/m³. 2-2-6. 1997 (UBA), (Johnke, 1997). 1980 1 2 kg I-TEQ/yr, 1990. 90 1,000 g I-TEQ/yr 1994/95 300 g I-TEQ/yr. 1990. 1997 0.1 ng I-TEQ/m³(17th BImSchV, 1990) - 72 -
4 g I-TEQ/yr. 0.015ng I-TEQ/m³ 15.9 /yr 1.3 g I-TEQ/ 2% (70g I-TEQ/yr )(Johnke 1997, 1998). 1998 0.05ng I-TEQ/m³ 13.6 / 4g I-TEQ/. Table 48. 2-2-7... 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³. 2-2-8. 1997 11 19 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³ - 73 -
, 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³.. 1998 4 23 0(Zero). 2-2-9. 1991, 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³. 2-2-10. 1989 8,,, 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³, 1995 1. 1999 1. 1992 4 PCP(Stb 178) Hexachlorobenzene(Stb 181), 1991 PCP NaPCP. TDI, 6pg I-TEQ/g-. 2-2-11. 0.1ng I-TEQ/m³.. 2-2-12. 2001 6 1-74 -
0.1 ng/m³. 2-2-13. 1993 12 6 0.1ng-TCDD/m³, 0.1 2ng-TCDD/m³. 1995 6 30, PCP 10. 2-2-14.. - 75 -
. 1.. 2004 3 (,, ㆍ ) 2007..,,, 24.,,,,. (, 2007). ( : ton/yr)., - 76 -
(NOx), (SOx),. (1~3 ) (Table 49).,. 5,., (2~4 ) (Straight-line) (Fig. 30),.,.,,, - 77 -
. (TMS),., 1.8. - 78 -
2... 2-1. (Clean Air Act: CAA) (PM10, NOx, SOx, VOCs). SOx NOx,. SOx NOx 1990 CAA Title Ⅳ. SOx NOx 1/3 1980 1,000, 200 SOx 2000 890. 560. 2000. 1 1995, 530 890 40%. 2-2. 1960 70 K ( ) - 79 -
. K. SOx. Q(Nm 3 /h) = K x 10-3 x He 2 Q: ( : 0, 1 m 3 ) K: (K ) He: ( + ), 1974 SO2. 1970, 1981. (K ).,,., 1974 1976 3 24 1981 3.. ( ). - 80 -
2-3. EU (NECDirective, EU Directiveon National Emission Ceiling) NOx, Environmental Management Act(EMA). CO 2 NOx,, Emission Authority EMA, CO 2, NOx,,. EU (NAP) CO 2, 2001~2002 Netherlands Emission Authority(NEa), 2005 CO 2 NOx. 20MWth (Megawatt thermal) 250~350,,, /,,. 2-4. CO2 (NER). 2007 EU-ETS( ) NAP-Ⅰ 2007 2008 2012 (NAP-Ⅱ). top-down 2007 84,200,000 CO 2 (equivalent), 2008 2012 97,554,000 CO 2 (equivalent) (cap). 2003, 2001~ 2004 2-81 -
. (Early Action) (NER, New Entrants Reserve) 8 2. JI(Joint Implementation). 2-5. ( ) 2001 12 31 cap-and-trade" baseline-and-credit hybrid (Ontario Emission Trading). 2002~2003, Ontario Power Generation(OPG) Lakeview, Nanticoke, Lambton, Atikokan, ThunderBay, Lennox, 2004 25MW, 20,000MWh Ontario Independent Electricity System Operator(IESO). 2006 IESO. (regulation)194/05 7 30 2015 (NOx) 1990 21%, (SO2) 1994 46% cap,. Cap, cap.,, (NSSA, New Source Set Aside Pool). - 82 -
3. ( ),.,.,,,,. Fig. 31,,,. - 83 -
.,.. TMS,. 1., 1 5..,.,,. 17 Dioxin-like PCBs 12., ( ),.. - 84 -
.,,... 1960 1970. 1970 1980 SOx NOx.,.. 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Sm 3,.,.,.., (cap),. (baseline). - 85 -
..,..., (grandfathering),,,., (Tietenberg, 2006)..,,,,.. (, 2003),.. - 86 -
, Ei = (ng I-TEQ/yr) Ci = (ng I-TEQ/Sm 3 ) Fi = (Sm 3 /hr) Ti = (hr/yr) EF = (ng I-TEQ/MWh ) ENi = (MWh/yr) ENtotal = (MWh/yr) Qtotal = (ng I-TEQ/yr) Table 50. (2 ) (4 ) (1 ) (2 ) (1 ) - 87 -
Table 50 0.013 ~ 0.629 μg I-TEQ/MWh 0.162 μg I-TEQ/MWh. Table 51. Table 51 2001 2011 1~4 g-i-teq/yr., 4 g-i-teq/yr, 2 1. 2001 2010., - 88 -
.,. - 89 -
V. 2011 ( ) 2009 12.8 g I-TEQ/yr 2009 10.1 %( 16.3 % ).,,., 5. 4 2 (150 ~ 300 )., 5-90 -
1~4 μg I-TEQ/yr.,. - 91 -
1.,, 2007 2., POPs (I), 2011. 3.,, 2006 4., ㆍ ( ), 2004 5.,, (POPs), KIC News, Volume 13, No. 5, 2010. 6.,, 2009. 7., 2011, 2012. 8.,, 2004 9.,, 2002. 10., (III), 2008. 11.,, 2007 12.,, 2007-92 -
13.,, 2007 14.,, 2006. 15., 1 (2012~2016), 2012. 16. ( )- (2012. 03. 07),, 2012. 17. Evers, E.G.H, Klamer, H.J.C., Laane, R.W.P.M., Govers H.A.J., Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran residues in Estuarine and Coastal North Sea sediment : Source and distribution, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12, 1583 ~ 1598. 18. Tietenberg, T. H. 2006. Emissions Trading: Principles and Practice (2nd), Washington D.C., USA: Resources for the Future. 19. Ya-Fen Wang, How-Ran Chao, Chia-HsinWu, Lin-ChiWang, Guo-Ping Chang-Chiene, Hsi-Hsien Yangf, Ding Yan Linc, Tsui-Chun Tsoug, Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from a heavy oil-fueled power plant in northern Taiwan, Journal of Hazardous Materials 163, 266~272, 2009. 20. 日本工業技術会, ダイオキシン汚染問題解決への展望, 1992. 21. NDC, ごみ処理に係るダイオキシン類の發生防止技術, 1998.
: 1) ( ) 2) ( ) 3) 4 ( ) 4) 4 ( ) 5) 4 ( ) 6) 4 ( ) 7) 5 ( ) 8) 5 ( ) 9) ( ) 10) ( ) 11) 1, 2 ( ) 12) 1, 2 ( ) 13) 1 ( ) 14) 1 ( ) - 94 -
제주한림화력발전소 ( 실측농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 연료 HL-ST-1 HL-ST-2 HL-ST-3 HL-DF 산소농도 (O2%) 15.60 16.60 15.80 - 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 3.98 3.41 4.21 0.20 희석배수 3.33 3.33 3.33 2.00 단위 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.005 0.003 0.003 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.011 0.006 0.006 0.000 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.011 0.005 0.005 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.017 0.016 0.011 0.028 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.010 0.008 0.008 0.000 OCDF 0.023 0.029 0.020 0.000 PCDFs 0.105 0.092 0.078 0.028 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.004 0.003 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.026 0.027 0.024 0.030 OCDD 0.131 0.141 0.146 0.089 PCDDs 0.183 0.190 0.187 0.119 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.282 0.265 0.265 0.015-95 -
제주한림화력발전소 ( 독성등가환산농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 연료 HL-ST-1 HL-ST-2 HL-ST-3 HL-DF 산소농도 (O2%) 15.60 16.60 15.80 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 3.98 3.41 4.21 0.20 희석배수 3.33 3.33 3.33 2.00 단위 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDFs 0.009 0.007 0.007 0.000 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDDs 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.000 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.017 0.014 0.014 0.001-96 -
울산화력발전소 4호기 ( 실측농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 비산재 연료 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 WS-ST-1 WS-ST-2 WS-ST-3 WS-FA-1 WS-FA-2 WS-FA-3 WS-BC 산소농도 (O 2%) 0.80 0.80 0.90 6.60 7.80 7.60 7.60 8.00 7.20 - - - - 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 4.10 4.19 4.20 4.35 4.32 4.31 3.97 4.19 4.28 1.05 1.06 1.06 0.20 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/g ng/g ng/g ng/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.029 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.054 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.005 0.005 0.002 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.117 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.045 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.010 0.011 0.013 0.008 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.101 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.004 0.005 0.003 0.015 0.017 0.020 0.010 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.135 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.007 0.120 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.008 0.008 0.003 0.048 0.058 0.074 0.013 0.010 0.017 0.013 0.009 0.010 0.136 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.021 0.027 0.034 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.102 OCDF 0.011 0.011 0.006 0.094 0.118 0.154 0.020 0.016 0.023 0.016 0.017 0.016 0.241 PCDFs 0.043 0.047 0.022 0.213 0.260 0.323 0.089 0.071 0.091 0.082 0.075 0.073 1.081 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.026 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.075 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.081 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.087 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.002 0.003 0.001 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.079 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.022 0.024 0.033 0.013 0.011 0.015 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.128 OCDD 0.021 0.021 0.025 0.064 0.068 0.098 0.046 0.042 0.050 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.284 PCDDs 0.039 0.041 0.036 0.102 0.108 0.146 0.082 0.076 0.087 0.063 0.060 0.057 0.761 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.083 0.088 0.059 0.315 0.368 0.469 0.170 0.147 0.178 0.145 0.135 0.130 1.842-97 -
울산화력발전소 4 호기 ( 독성등가환산농도 ) 시료유형배기가스비산재연료 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 WS-ST-1 WS-ST-2 WS-ST-3 WS-FA-1 WS-FA-2 WS-FA-3 WS-BC 산소농도 (O 2%) 0.80 0.80 0.90 6.60 7.80 7.60 7.60 8.00 7.20 - - - - 시료채취량 (S m3,g) 4.10 4.19 4.20 4.35 4.32 4.31 3.97 4.19 4.28 1.05 1.06 1.06 0.20 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/S m3 ng I-TEQ/g ng I-TEQ/g ng I-TEQ/g ng I-TEQ/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.059 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.010 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.013 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.012 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 OCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDFs 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.107 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.026 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.037 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.008 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.009 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.008 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 OCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDDs 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.090 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.007 0.008 0.004 0.013 0.013 0.014 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.197-98 -
울산화력발전소 4호기재측정 ( 실측농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 산소농도 (O2 %) 1.10 0.90 1.00 8.10 8.50 4.00 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 4.24 4.24 4.35 4.16 4.21 4.28 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.009 0.007 0.004 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.010 0.011 0.004 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.015 0.009 0.004 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.006 0.004 0.002 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.011 0.006 0.003 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.009 0.004 0.002 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.004 0.002 0.003 0.016 0.008 0.005 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.002 0.001 OCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.008 0.002 0.002 PCDFs 0.019 0.011 0.011 0.090 0.055 0.029 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.003 0.001 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.002 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.002 0.001 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.001 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.007 0.003 0.002 OCDD 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.006 0.003 0.002 PCDDs 0.008 0.005 0.005 0.028 0.019 0.011 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.026 0.016 0.017 0.118 0.073 0.040-99 -
울산화력발전소 4호기재측정 ( 독성등가환산농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 산소농도 (O2%) 1.40 1.40 2.20 6.70 6.90 6.60 시료채취량 (Sm3) 4.47 4.43 4.25 4.47 4.91 4.48 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.007 0.005 0.002 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDFs 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.012 0.008 0.004 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.003 0.001 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.001 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDDs 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.006 0.006 0.002 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.018 0.013 0.006-100 -
울산화력발전소 5호기 ( 실측농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 산소농도 (O2%) 1.40 1.40 2.20 6.70 6.90 6.60 시료채취량 (Sm3) 4.47 4.43 4.25 4.47 4.91 4.48 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.026 0.020 0.022 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.020 0.015 0.019 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.017 0.015 0.016 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.008 0.006 0.008 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.013 0.011 0.012 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.018 0.010 0.012 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.008 0.002 0.003 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.026 0.020 0.022 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.011 0.004 0.006 OCDF 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.008 0.004 0.006 PCDFs 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.155 0.107 0.127 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.012 0.004 0.009 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.002 0.003 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.006 0.003 0.004 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.001 0.002 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.015 0.009 0.012 OCDD 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.020 0.009 0.013 PCDDs 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.065 0.029 0.044 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.019 0.018 0.019 0.220 0.136 0.171-101 -
울산화력발전소 5호기 ( 독성등가환산농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 WS-SCR-1 WS-SCR-2 WS-SCR-3 WS-EP-1 WS-EP-2 WS-EP-3 산소농도 (O2%) 1.40 1.40 2.20 6.70 6.90 6.60 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 4.47 4.43 4.25 4.47 4.91 4.48 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.002 0.002 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.008 0.007 0.008 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDFs 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.017 0.013 0.015 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.002 0.004 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDDs 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.010 0.003 0.007 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.027 0.017 0.022-102 -
한국지역난방공사청주지사 ( 실측농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 연료 비산재 CJ-Boiler-1 CJ-Boiler-2 CJ-Boiler-3 CJ-SCR-1 CJ-SCR-2 CJ-SCR-3 CJ-ST-1 CJ-ST-2 CJ-ST-3 CJ-BC CJ-ASH 산소농도 (O2%) 3.60 4.20 2.70 7.40 8.00 6.20 9.30 10.60 10.40 - - 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 4.15 4.21 4.22 4.32 4.34 4.31 4.20 4.10 4.08 0.20 1.07 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/sm3 ng/g ng/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.012 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.004 0.003 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.017 0.020 0.010 0.007 0.005 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.009 0.002 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.029 0.045 0.018 0.013 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.005 0.013 0.005 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.013 0.018 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.007 0.002 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.026 0.038 0.013 0.010 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.017 0.005 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.018 0.003 0.001 0.009 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.015 0.004 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.002 0.035 0.009 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.007 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.026 0.033 0.010 0.013 0.010 0.010 0.007 0.007 0.014 0.026 0.007 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.004 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.008 0.003 0.005 0.000 0.004 OCDF 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.007 0.005 0.011 0.000 0.009 PCDFs 0.151 0.210 0.080 0.074 0.051 0.047 0.062 0.051 0.062 0.087 0.045 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.011 0.018 0.008 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.005 0.009 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.003 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.006 0.012 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.000 0.003 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.003 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.012 0.018 0.004 0.007 0.006 0.008 0.007 0.008 0.006 0.017 0.006 OCDD 0.007 0.007 0.004 0.008 0.008 0.010 0.013 0.012 0.010 0.000 0.008 PCDDs 0.048 0.074 0.027 0.029 0.027 0.028 0.038 0.032 0.028 0.017 0.022 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.199 0.284 0.107 0.104 0.078 0.075 0.099 0.082 0.090 0.103 0.067-103 -
한국지역난방공사청주지사 ( 독성등가환산농도 ) 시료유형 배기가스 연료 비산재 CJ-Boiler-1 CJ-Boiler-2 CJ-Boiler-3 CJ-SCR-1 CJ-SCR-2 CJ-SCR-3 CJ-ST-1 CJ-ST-2 CJ-ST-3 CJ-BC CJ-ASH 산소농도 (O2%) 3.60 4.20 2.70 7.40 8.00 6.20 9.30 10.60 10.40 12.00 12.00 시료채취량 (Sm3,g) 4.15 4.21 4.22 4.32 4.34 4.31 4.20 4.10 4.08 0.20 1.07 희석배수 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 단위 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/Sm3 ng I-TEQ/g ng I-TEQ/g 2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.015 0.023 0.009 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.006 0.002 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.003 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.000 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDFs 0.023 0.034 0.013 0.010 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.011 0.004 2,3,7,8-TCDD 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 0.006 0.009 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 OCDD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PCDDs 0.011 0.015 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.000 0.001 PCDFs+PCDDs 0.034 0.049 0.021 0.016 0.011 0.009 0.012 0.010 0.009 0.011 0.005-104 -