๋ํ์์๊ฒ์ฌํํ์ง : 36 ๊ถ์ 2 ํธ, 239-244, 04 ESR ์๋๋ถ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ ์ผ์ฑ์์ธ๋ณ์์ง๋จ๊ฒ์ฌ์ํ๊ณผ ์กฐ์๊ตญ ์ฌํ์ค ์ก์ดํฅ ๋ฐ๊ท์ The Internal Quality Control for TEST 1, the Automatic Analyzer of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Cho, Young Kuk., Sim, Hyun-Seol., Song, Woon Heung., Park, Quehn Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Seoul Medical Center Recently automatic equipment has been well popularized for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a widely used test, but no standard quality control has been established yet. Thus, we are going to report a case that established and applied a quality control method using the TEST 1 automatic analyzer. For internal quality control, we adopted the repeatability test through comparison with daily mean check, with a manual method using patients specimens and with the results of a test on the previous day. In order to set the tolerance standard for each quality control method, we compared the results of 50 specimens that showed a wide range of ESR results and examined correlation and differences according to result. After setting the tolerance standard, we applied the standard at tertiary university hospitals for 1 days and investigated positive rates and re-examination rates. If the tolerance standard was exceeded, the cause was also identified. We selected a specimen of below 25 mm/hr (T1), one between 26-50 mm/hr (T2) and one of over 51 mm/hr (T3) at random. The correlation between the manual method and the automatic method was quite high (r=0.98), and it is found appropriate to set based on differences in result values below 25 mm/hr, the upper limit of the reference value, and based on differences in the percentage of result values above 25 mm/hr. Accordingly, we set the criteria for rejection above 10 mm/hr and above %. When the criteria were applied in the laboratory, 1.7% of specimens in the range of T1, 8.3% of those in the range of T2 and 7.5% of those in the range of T3 were rejected. Because all the rejected ones fell within the tolerance limit in re-examination calibration verification was not carried out. With the wide popularization of erythrocyte sedimentation rate analyzers that can carry out a lot of tests quickly using automatic methods, it is necessary to improve the reliability of test results by establishing internal quality control policies. We expect that an agreed standard quality control method may be established based on the method proposed in this study. Key Words : ESR, ESR6000, TEST-1 1) ๊ต์ ์ ์ : ์กฐ์๊ตญ, ( ์ฐ ) 135-710 ๊ฐ๋จ๊ตฌ์ผ์๋ 50 ์ผ์ฑ์์ธ๋ณ์์ง๋จ๊ฒ์ฌ์ํ๊ณผ Tel : 02-3410-2692 E-mail : TERAN04@paran.com 239
I. ์๋ก ์ ํ๊ตฌ์นจ๊ฐ์๋ (erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ESR ์ดํ ESR์ด๋ผํจ ) ๋์์๊ฒ์ฌ์ค์์๊ฐ์ฅ๋๋ฆฌ์ค์๋๋๊ฒ์คํ๋์ด๋ค (Wintrobe MM, 1936). ํ์ฌ National Committee for Clnical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) ๋ Westergren๋ฒ์ํ์ค์ผ๋กํ๊ณ ์์ง๋ง๊ฒ์ฌ์๊ฐ์ด์ค๋์์๋ ๋ฟ์๋๋ผ๊ฒ์ฌ์์๊ฐ์ผ์ํ์ด๋๊ณ , ์จ๋, ํฌ์, ์ง๋๋ฑ์์ํฅ์๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋๋ฌธ์๊ฐ์ข ์๋ํ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฒ์ด๊ฐ๋ฐ๋์ด์ฌ์ฉ๋๊ณ ์๋ค (Wesergren A, 19-1921). ESR ๊ฒ์ฌ๋๊ทธ์๋ฃ์๋ํ๋ง์ parameter๋ค์ด์กด์ฌํจ์ผ๋ก์จํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ๋ถ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๊ฒํ๋๋ง์๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ค์ด์กด์ฌํ๋ค (Lombarts A, ๋ฑ 1993). ์ด๋ฌํ์์ธ์ผ๋ก์ง๊ธ๊น์ง๋ณ๋์์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ด๋ง๋ จ๋์ง์์์ผ๋์ต๊ทผ์์์๋์ฅ๋น์ํ๋ํ๋ฐ์๋ํ๋ฅผํตํด์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ์ํ์คํ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๊ฒ๋์๋ค (Kennedy JB, ๋ฑ 1981). ๋ณธ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋์์๊ฒ์ฌ์ค์์ฒดํ๊ฒฝ์๋ง๋ํ์คํ๋ ESR ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ์ํํ๊ณ , ESR์๋ํ์ ๋ขฐ๋๋ฅผ๋์์ผ๋ก์จ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์๋ํด์์ ์ฑ์ํ๋ณดํ๋๋ฐ๊ทธ๋ชฉ์ ์ด์๋ค. ESR ์ธก์ ๋ฒ์ค์์๋ชจ์ธ๊ด์ธก๊ด๋ฒ์์ด์ฉํ Test-1์์ฌ๋ฌ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ค๊ฐ์ฅ์๊ฐ์ด๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ ์ฌํ์ฑ๋์๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ค. Test-1์ Kinetic capillary photometry๋ฒ์์ด์ฉํ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก๋ถ์ system, ์ธก์ system, pump system ๋ฑ์ 3 ๋ถ๋ถ์ผ๋ก๊ตฌ๋ถ๋๋ค (ICSH, 1993). ๋น์ด๋ชจ์ธ๊ด์ํต๊ณผํ๋ฉด๊ฒ์ถ๊ธฐ๋ lumen ๋จ์๋ก๋น์๊ฐ์งํ๊ฒ๋๊ณ ์ด๊ฒ์ด์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ผ๋ก์ฆํญ๋์ด์์นํ๋๊ธฐ๋๋ฌธ์ํ์ก๋ด์ particle์๋ณํ๋์๊ฐ์งํ ์์๊ฒ๋๋ค. ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋์ด๋น๊ด์ฐฐ๋์ ํ๊ตฌ์ (number of red cells/sec) ๊ฐ Westergren ESR ๋จ์ (mm/h) ๋กํ์ฐ๋์ด๋ณด๊ณ ๋๋ค (Westergren A, 1927). ์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ ์์ฑ๊ณผํธ๋ฆฌ์ฑ์๊ฐ์ถ์ฅ๋น๋ผํ ์ง๋ผ๋๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์๋ํ์ ๋ขฐ๋๋ฅผ๋์ด๋๋ฐ์๋๊ทธํ๊ณ๊ฐ์กด์ฌํ๋๋ฐ๊ทธ์์ธ์ ESR์๋ํ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฌผ์ง์ด์กด์ฌํ์ง์๊ณ ํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด์ ์๋๊ณ ์์ง์๊ธฐ๋๋ฌธ์ด๋ค (Power KT, 1982). ์ด๋ฌํ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ฑ์ํฅ์์ํค๋๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋ก์์ผ์ฑ์์ธ๋ณ์์์๋๋ด๋ถ์ ์ธ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์๋ง๋ จํ๊ณ ์๋์๊ฐ์๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋ํ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ๊ธฐ์ค์์ ์ํ๊ณ ์ํ๋ค. ๋ณธ์์์์์ฒด์ค์ํ๊ณ ์๋๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก๋์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ (daily mean check), ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋น๊ต๋ถ์, ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํด์์ฌํ์ฑ์ํ์ธํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ฑ์ด์์ผ๋ฉฐ์ด๋ฌํ๊ธฐ์ค์ํตํด๊ฐ๊ฒ์ฌ ์ค์ํ๊ฒฝ์๋ง๋๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์๊ฐ๋ฐํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ESR์ํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผํตํด๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์๋ํ์ ๋ขฐ๋ํฅ์์ํ์ฉํ๊ณ ์ํ์๋ค. II. ์ฌ๋ฃ๋ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 1. ์ฌ๋ฃ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ, ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋น๊ต, ์ ๋ ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์์๋น๊ต๋ฅผํตํ์ฌํ์ฑ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฅผ์ฑํํ์๋ค. ๊ฐ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ํ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ค์์ค์ ํ๊ธฐ์ํ์ฌ๋์๋ฒ์์ ESR ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด๋ 1๊ฒ์ฒด์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์์ํธ๋น๊ตํ์ฌ์๊ด์ฑ๊ณผ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์๋ฐ๋ฅธ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๊ฒํ ํ์๋ค. ํ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ค์์ค์ ํํ์๋์ด๋ฅผ๋ณธ์์์ 1์ผ๊ฐ์ ์ฉํ์๋์์ฑ๋ฅ ๊ณผ์ฌ๊ฒ๋ฅ ์๋ณด๊ณ , ํ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ค์๋ฐ๋ณตํ์ฌ๋ฒ์ด๋ฌ์๊ฒฝ์ฐ์์ธ์์์๋ณด์๋ค. ๋์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ 25 mm/hr ์ดํ (T1), 26-50 mm/hr(t2), 51 mm/hr ์ด์ (T3) ์ํด๋น๋๋๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ๊ฐ๊ฐ 1๊ฐ์ฉ๋ฌด์์๋ก์ ํํ์๋ค. 04๋ 6์๋ถํฐ 9์์ฌ์ด 1์ผ๋์๋ณธ์์๋ด์ํ์ธ๋ํ์๋ค์ค์์ 1๋ช ์ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด์๋ํด์์ ํ๊ตฌ์ฉ์ (Hct) ์ด 35-45%, ํ์์ (Hb) ๊ฐ 12~15 g/dl ์ด๋ฒ์์์์์์ ์ผ๋ก 1๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ ์ ํ์ฌ์๋๋ถ์๊ธฐ (TEST-1) ๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํด์ป์ํ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์์๋ฃ๋ฅผ๋น๊ตํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ์ด๋ฌํ๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผํตํด์ฅ๋น์์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ๊ณผ์ฌํ์ฑ์๋น๊ตํ์๋ค. 2. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 1) ์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ (daily mean check) ์ด๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์์ฅ๋น์์ฒด์๋ด์ฅ๋์ด์๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ผ์ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋์ ๋ฐ์ดํฐ์ํ๊ท ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ๋กํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก์๋ํ๊ตฌ๊ณ์ฐ๊ธฐ์ moving average์๊ฐ์ด์ฅ๋น์ฌ์ฉ์ ์ฅ๋น์์ํ์์์ธกํ ์์๋๋ณด์กฐ์งํ๋ก์ฌ์ฉ๋๊ณ ์๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง์ผํ๊ท (daily mean check) ์๋์๊ธฐ๊ด์ํ์๊ตฐ์ดํญ์์ผ์ ์ง๋จ์์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ผํ๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ X์ถ์์ธก์ ํ์์ด๊ณ Y์ถ์ ESR์๋์ ํ๊ท ๊ณผ๋น์ผํ๊ท ์ด๋๋ฉฐ์ฅ๋น์์ํ๊ฐํฐ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์ด์๋๊ฒฝ์ฐ์์๋ํ์๊ฐ์ด๋์ ํ๊ท ๊ณผ๋น์ผํ๊ท ๊ฐ์๋๊ฑฐ์๋น์ทํ๋ณํํญ์ผ๋ก์ด๋ํ๋ค. 240
์ธก์ ํ์ 1๊ฐ์๋์ ํ๊ท ๋น์ผํ๊ท 1 25.56 25.56 2 25.56 25.98 3 26.64 26.01 4 26.31 26.03 5 25.98 25.01 6 25. 25.23 7 25.56 25.03 8 25.01 25.12 9 25.26 25.54 10 25.75 25.23 11 26.01 25.71 12 25.99 25.08 13 25.01 25.42 14 25.03 25.01 15 25.78 25.77 ESR ์์น 30 28 26 24 22 1๊ฐ์๋์ ํ๊ท TEST-1QC ๋น์ผํ๊ท 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 ์ธก์ ํ์ Fig 1. daily mean check(1 days): a machine which has a built-in quality control system checks the mean value of the data that have been regularly accumulated. 2) ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋น๊ต๋ถ์๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์ค์์ค์ ํ๊ธฐ์ํ preliminary test๋ก 1์ผ๊ฐ ESR ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฐ์๋ขฐ๋๊ฒ์ฒด์ค์์ T1, T2, T3์ํด๋นํ๋ 360 ๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ค์ํ์ฌ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค. ๊ธฐ์ค๊ฐ 25 mm/hr๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก 25mm/hr ์ดํ์๋ฎ์ ESR ๊ฐ์๋ํด์๋์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ Test-1์ data์์ฐจ๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ delta value ๊ฐ์, 25mm/hr ์ด์์์๋ delta percent๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ์๋ค. ๊ธฐ์ค๊ฐ 25 mm/hr๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก๊ทธ์ดํ์๊ฐ์ delta value๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ทธ data์๋ฒ์๊ฐ ±10๋ฒ์์๋ชจ๋ํฌํจ๋์๊ณ 25 mm/hr ์ด์์๊ฐ๋ค์ํฌ๊ฒ๋ณํจ์ํ์ธํ ์์์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ delta percent๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ 25 mm/hr ์ดํ์ data๋ค์ delta percent์๋ํด๊ทธ data๊ฐ์ด๋ง์ด๋ณํ๋๋ฐ๋ฉด, 25 mm/hr ์ด์์๋์๊ฐ์๋ํด์๋ data๋ค์ด ±% ๋ฒ์๋ชจ๋์ ์ฉ๋จ์ํ์ธํ ์์์๋ค. ์ด๊ฒ์ํ ๋๋ก๋ค์๊ณผ๊ฐ์ํ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ค์์ค์ ํ์๋ค. ๋น์ผ๊ฒ์ฒด์ค์์๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ 25 mm/h ์ดํ์ธ๊ฒ์ฒด 1 ๊ฐ์ 25-50 mm/h์ธ๊ฒ์ฒด 1๊ฐ, 51 mm/h ์ด์์ธ๊ฒ์ฒด 1๊ฐ๋ฅผ๋ฌด์์๋กํํ์ฌ๋์ฅ๋ณด๊ดํ๊ณ , ๋ค์๋ ๊ฒ์ฌํ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋น๊ตํ์๋ค. ๊ธฐ์ค์ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ๋์ผํ๊ฒ์ ์ฉํ๋ค (Fig. 3). โ ข. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1. ์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ (daily mean check) ์๋ํ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ถ์์ฅ๋น์๋ด์ฅ๋์ผํ๊ท ๋ฒ์๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋น์ผํ๊ท ๊ณผ๋์ ํ๊ท ์ฌ์ด์์ผ์ ํ๋ณํ์์์์ํ์ธํ์ฌ์ฅ๋น์์ํ๋ฅผํ์ ํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ค. ์๋๋ถ์์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ๊ฒ์ฌ์ ๋งค์ผ์ ๋ ์๋์ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ์ถ๋ ฅ, ํ์ธ๋ณด๊ดํ๊ณ ๋ง 3) ์ฌํ์ฑํ์ธ Delta value Test1 VS Manual Difference Delta -30-25 - -15-10 -5 0 5 10 15 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 ESR Delta% Test1 vs Manual Difference Delta% 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0-50.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 ESR T1 (25 mm/h ์ดํ ) : ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ 10% ์ดํ๋ฉด ' ํ์ฉ ' T2 (26-50 mm/h) : ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์ฐจ์ด์๋ฐฑ๋ถ์จ์ด % ์ดํ๋ฉด ' ํ์ฉ ' T3 (51 mm/h ์ด์ ) : ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์ฐจ์ด์๋ฐฑ๋ถ์จ์ด % ์ดํ๋ฉด ' ํ์ฉ ' Fig 2. Comparative analysis with manual technique through patient samples. 241
1 100 80 ์ต์ผ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 60 40 0 ์ฌํ์ฑ๊ฒ์ฌ y = 0.9307x + 0.2875 R 2 = 0.9687 0 50 100 150 Test-1 Manual 140 1 100 80 60 40 0 ESR Calibration Verification Curve y = 1.0747x - 2.213 R 2 = 0.9589 0 50 100 150 Test-1 Fig 3. Preliminary test for testing reproducibility: Comparative analysis with manual Fig 4. An example of calibration verification of ESR test ์ฝ๊ทธ๋ณํ์์ฐจ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ํ๊ฒ๋๋ฉด์ฅ๋น์ calibration verification์์ค์ํ์๋ค. ์ ์ฉํ 1์ผ๊ฐ์๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผํ์ธํ๋๋์ calibration verification์๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋๋ฐ์ํ์ง์์๋ค. Table 2์์์๊ฐ์ด์๋ํ์ฅ๋น (TEST-1) ๋์ฌํ์ฑ์๋ํ์ผ์น์จ์๊ฑฐ์ 100% ๊ฐ๊น์ธ์ ๋๋ก์ฐ์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋จ์ง T3 data ์ค์์ 1๊ฑด๋ง์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋์์ผ๋์ฌ๊ฒํ์๋ 100% ํ์ฉ ๋จ์ํ์ธํ ์์์๋ค. 2. ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๋น๊ต์๋ํ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ถ์์ ์ฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ 1์ผ์ด์์ผ๋ฉฐ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ T1, T2, T3์๋ํด์๋ 1๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ์๋ค. T1์๊ฒฝ์ฐ์ ์ฒด 1๊ฒ์ฒด์ค์์์ฝ 1.7% ๊ฐ, T2๋ 8.3%, T3๋ 7.5% ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋์๋ค. ์ ์ฒด๊ธฐ๊ฐ๊ฑด์๋ 18๊ฑด์ผ๋ก 15% ์์ผ๋ฉฐ์ด๊ฒ์๋ค์์ฌ๊ฒํํ์ฉ์๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ 17๊ฑด์ด์๋ค. ์ต์ข ์ ์ผ๋ก์ฌ๋ณด์ ๊ฒ์ฆ๊น์งํ๋๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ 1๊ฑด๋ฐ์ํ์๋ค (Table 1). 3. ์ฌํ์ฑํ์ธ์๋ํ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ถ์ํ์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์ด์ฉํ์ฌํ์ฑ์๋น๊ต๋ 1์ผ๊ฐ์ค์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ T1, T2, T3์ํด๋นํ๋ 1 ๊ฒ์ฒด๋ก์ค์ํ์๋ค. IV. ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋๋ฒ์์๊ด๊ด๊ณ๋๋งค์ฐ์ฐ์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ (r=0.98), ์ฐธ๊ณ ๊ฐ์์ํ์ ์ธ 25 mm/hr๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก๊ทธ์ดํ์์๋๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ, ๊ทธ์ด์์์๋๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์๋ฐฑ๋ถ์จ์์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก์ค์ ํ๋๊ฒ์ด์ ์ ํจ์์์์์๋ค. ์ด์๋ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ๊ฐ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ 10 mm/hr ์ด์, % ์ด์์ผ๋๋ฅผ๊ฑฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก์ค์ ํ์๋ค. ์ค์ ๊ฒ์ฌ์ค์์์ด๋ฅผ์ ์ฉํ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, T1 ๋ฒ์์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ 1.7%, T2๋ 8.3%, T3๋ 7.5% ๊ฐ๊ฑฐ์ ๋์๋ค. ์ด๋ค์๋ชจ๋์ฌ๊ฒํ์๋ํ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ค์๋ค์๊ธฐ๋๋ฌธ์๋ณด์ ๊ฒ์ฆ (calibration verification) ์์ค์ํ์ง๋์์๋ค. Table 1. Actual cases of applying the acceptance criteria defined for the laboratory Quality control criteria Applicaton 1 days T1(25mm/h less than) : Delta 10 less than T2(26-50mm/h) : Delta percent % less than T3 (51mm/h more than) : Delta percent % less than Accept 98.30% Reject 1.70% Accept 91.70% Reject 8.30% Accept 92.50% Reject 7.50% Total reject case : 18 case (15%) - reexa mination cases "Accepted(17)"-Re Calibration case (1) 242
Table 2. Acceptance criteria defined internal Q,C : Comparison of reproducibility Quality control criteria : reproducibility Applicaton 1 days T1(25mm/h less than) : Delta 10 less than T2(26-50mm/h) : Delta percent % less than T3 (51mm/h more than) : Delta percent % less than Accept 100.0% Reject 0.0% Accept 100.0% Reject 0.0% Accept 99.2% Reject 0.8% Total reject case : 18 case (15%) - reexa mination cases "Accepted(17)"--Re Calibration case (1) ์ผ์ฑ์์ธ๋ณ์์์๋์ค์ ๋ ESR ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ผ๋ก์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ์ค์ํ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ESR์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณด๊ณ ์๋ํ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ์ํ๋ณดํ ์์์๊ณ , ์๋ํ์ฅ๋น์๋ํ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์์ฌ์ ์ํ์ธํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ESR ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณด๊ณ ์์ ์์ฑ๊ณผํจ์จ์ฑ์๊ฐ์ ธ์ฌ์์์๋ค. ์๋ํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก๋น ๋ฅธ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฐ๋ง์์์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ๊ฒ์ฌํ ์์๋์ ํ๊ตฌ์นจ๊ฐ์๋๋ถ์์ฅ๋น์์ฌ์ฉ์ด๋๊ณ ์๋์ํฉ์์ํด๋น๊ฒ์ฌ์ค์ํ๊ฒฝ์๋ง๋์ ์ ํ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์นจ์์๋ฆฝํ์ฌ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์์ ๋ขฐ๋๋ฅผ๋์ด๋๋ฐ๊ด์ฌ์๊ธฐ์ธ์ฌ์ผํ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์์ ์ํ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ผ๋กํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋ํํฉ์๊ฐ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ ธ์ผํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก์ฌ๋ฃ๋๋ค. V. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ESR๊ฒ์ฌํญ๋ชฉ์์์๊ฒ์ฌ์ค์์๊ฐ์ฅ๊ด๋ฒ์ํ๊ฒ์งํ๋๊ณ ์๋๊ฒ์ฌํญ๋ชฉ์ด๋ค. ESR ๊ฒ์ฌ๋์์๊ฒ์ฌ์ฌ์ค์์๋ณดํธํ๋๊ฒ์ฌ์์๋๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ESR๊ฒ์ฌ์๋ํ์ ์ ํ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฌผ์ง์ด๋ณ๋๋ก์กด์ฌํ์ง์๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ESR๊ฒ์ฌ์์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋ชจ์ํ๊ณ ๋ํ์์๊ฒ์ค์ํ๊ฒฝ์๋ง๋๋ก ESR๊ฒ์ฌ์๋ํ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ์ํํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ESR๊ฒ์ฌ์ํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ํ๋ฆฝํ๊ณ ์ํ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ์์ฒด๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ์๋ํ์์ฒดํ์คํ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋ํด์, ๋ณธ์์์๋ 3๊ฐ์ง์๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์์ ์ํ๊ณ ์ํ์๋ค. ๊ทธ์ฒซ๋ฒ์งธ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก์ฅ๋น์์ฒด์์ผ์ ๊ธฐ๊ฐํ๊ท ๊ฐ์๋ฐํ์ผ๋กํด์์ฅ๋น์์ํ๋ฅผ์ ๊ฒํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ, ๋๋ฒ์งธํ์์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋ํ๋์ฅ๋น๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผํตํด๋น๊ตํ๊ณ ๊ทธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์๋ํ์๊ด์ฑ์ํ์ธํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ, ์ธ๋ฒ์งธํ์์๊ฒ์ฒด๋ฅผํตํ์ฌํ์ฑ์ํ์ธ๋ฑํฌ๊ฒ 3๊ฐ์ง๋ก๊ตฌ๋ถํ์ ๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์๋งค์ผ์ค์์ ๊ฒํ๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ์ธ๊ฐ์ง์๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์์ ์ฉํ๊ธฐ์ํด์๋ณธ์์ reference value 25 mm/hr๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก๊ฐ๊ฐ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์๋ํด์์์๋ก T1.T2,T3 ๋ฅผ๊ตฌ๋ถํ์ฌ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์์ ์ฉํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ๊ทธ์๋ํ๊ธฐ์ค์๋ค์๊ณผ๊ฐ์ด์ ํ์๋ค. 25 mm/hr์ดํ๊ฐ์ (T1), 26-50 mm/hr์๊ฐ (T2) ๊ณผ 51mm /hr์ด์์๊ฐ (T3) ์๊ฐ๊ฐ์ค์ ํ์๋ค. ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ๊ณผ์๋๋ฒ์์๊ด๊ด๊ณ๋๋งค์ฐ์ฐ์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ (r=0.98), ์ฐธ๊ณ ๊ฐ 25 mm/hr๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก๊ทธ์ดํ์์๋๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ, ๊ทธ์ด์์์๋๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์๋ฐฑ๋ถ์จ์์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ์ค์ ํ๋๊ฒ์ด์ ์ ํ์๊ณ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ 10 mm/hr ์ด์, % ์ด์์ผ๋๋ฅผ๊ฑฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก์ค์ ํ ์์์๋ค. ์๋ํ๋๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก๋น ๋ฅธ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฐ๋ง์๊ฒ์ฌ๋์์ํํ ์์๋์ ํ๊ตฌ์นจ๊ฐ์๋๋ถ์์ฅ๋น์์ฌ์ฉ์ด๋๊ณ ์๋์ํฉ์์์ ์ ํ๋ด๋ถ์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์นจ์์๋ฆฝํ์ฌ๊ฒ์ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์์ ๋ขฐ๋๋ฅผ๋์ด๋๋ฐ๊ด์ฌ์๊ธฐ์ธ์ฌ์ผํ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์์ ์ํ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ผ๋กํ์คํ๋์ ๋๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์๋ํํฉ์๊ฐ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ ธ์ผํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ 1. ICSH. Method for the ESR Test-Third Edition: Approved Standard. NCCLS 13(8):1, 1993 2. Kennedy JB, Maehara KT, Baker AM. Cell and platelet stability in disodium and tripotassium EDTA. Am J Med Tech-nol 47:89-93, 1981 3. Lombarts A, dekieviet W. Recognition and prevention of pseudo thrombo cytopenia and concomitant pseudo leukocytosis. Am J Clin Pathol 99:163-167, 1993 4. Power KT. The Romanowsky stains: a review. Am J 243
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