한수지 47(6), 810-817, 2014 Original Article Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6),810-817,2014 배합사료및습사료공급에따른넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus) 의성장및어체성분비교 김강웅 이진혁 배기민 김경덕 이봉주 한현섭 김성삼 * 국립수산과학원사료연구센터 Comparison of Extruded and Moist Pellets for Whole-body Proximate Composition and Growth Performance of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Kang-Woong Kim, Jin-Hyuck Lee, Ki-Min Bae, Kyoung-Duck Kim, Bong-Joo Lee, Hyon-Sob Han and Sung-Sam Kim* Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Pohang 791-923, Korea Two consecutive feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) in the juvenile (experiment I) and sub-adult (experiment II) stages of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The fish were distributed randomly to three aquarium tanks, as a group of 1,200 fish (initial mean weight 13.5±1.76 g) in experiment I, and as a group of 390 fish (initial mean weight 385±15.3 g) in experiment II. In experiment I, the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival of fish fed EP were all significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. In experiment II, no significant differences were observed in weight gain, specific growth rate and survival between the EP and MP groups. However, the feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios of fish fed EP were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. The results of this study indicate that EP could be developed to replace MP for market size production of olive flounder without any adverse effects on the growth performance. The dietary formulation used in this study could be used as an appropriate feed for olive flounder. Key words: Olive flounder, Moist pellet, Extruded pellet, Formulation, Feed 서론 (extruded pellet, EP) (moist pellet, MP), 2013 225,331 91% (Statistics Korea, 2014). 100-300 g.,.. (Kim et al., 2002), / (Kim et al., 2004) (Alam et al., 2002; Kim et al., 2013), (Kim et al., 2006c; Kim et al., 2009; Kim et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2011a; Kim et al., 2012; Kim et al., 2013) (Choi et al., 2004; Pham et al., 2007; Ye et al., 2011). (Kim et al., 2005; Cho et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2005; Kim http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2014.0810 Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6) 810-817, December 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 10 November 2014; Revised 27 November 2014; Accepted 9 December 2014 *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 54. 230. 3631 Fax: +82. 54. 232. 3697 E-mail address: sungsamkim@korea.kr Copyright 2014 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 810 pissn:0374-8111, eissn:2287-8815
배합사료와습사료급여에의한넙치의성장 811 et al., 2006a, 2006b; Kim et al., 2008; An et al., 2011).,. 13.5 g 1 kg. 실험사료 재료및방법 Table 1..,,,,. Table 1. Ingredients and nutrient contents of the experimental diets Ingredients (%) 1 EP Fish meal 68.0 Soybean meal 3.0 Corn gluten meal 3.0 Wheat flour 13.1 Squid liver oil 6.1 Krill meal 2.0 Kelp meal 1.0 Vitamin premix 2 1.0 Mineral premix 2 1.0 Others 3 1.8 Diets MP Raw fish 80 Binder meal 20 Proximate analyses (% dry matter basis) Moisture 8.5 68.2 Crude protein 54.5 61.8 Crude lipid 10.1 12.1 Crude ash 10.9 8.9 1 Provided by Suhyup Feed Co., Kyong-Nam, Korea. 2 Premix (mg/ kg) : KI 250, MnSO 4 H 2 O 2800, ZnSO 4 H 2 O 2350, vitamin K 225, biotin (2%) 3500, niacin 4850, calcium pantothenate 11000, folic acid 2000, vitamin B 1 1500, vitamin B 2 2000, vitamin B 6 2000 and vitamin C 50000. 3 Anti-oxidant, glucan, gelatin, betaine, choline, wheat flour, lecthin and enzyme.,,,,. (Bühler, Swiss) 3-15 mm.,, 8:2. 실험어및사육관리, 2., I II. I 13.5 1.76 g (mean SD) 2,400 ( 1,200, 1,200 ) FRP (10, 3.5 m, 9.6 m 2 ) 3. 15, 18. 9.4-25.0, 15.9 5.12, Fig. 1. 0.1-3.5% 1 2-3, 8 (2007 8 13-2008 3 10 ). II 385 15.3 g (mean SD) 780 ( 390, 390 ) FRP (10, 3.5 m, 9.6 m 2 ) 7:3 ( 91, 39 ) 3. 18-24. 12-26, 18.7 4.0 Temperature ( ) 26 23 20 17 14 11 8 ExperimentⅠ 21.2 22.7 18.8 13.9 12.2 10.9 10.3 ExperimentⅡ 11.8 14.1 15.2 18.7 19.3 22.9 23.7 21.4 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Month Fig. 1. Monthly changes of the water temperature for the experiment I and II.
812 김강웅ㆍ이진혁ㆍ배기민ㆍ김경덕ㆍ이봉주ㆍ한현섭ㆍ김성삼, Fig. 1. 0.1-2.5% 1 1-2, 7 (2008 3 13-2008 10 20 ). 어체측정및성분분석 I II, 30-50 3. 24 MS-222 (100 ppm). (weight gain), (feed efficiency), (specific growth rate), (protein efficiency ratio), (daily feed intake) (survival)., 5. AOAC (AOAC, 2000) (135, 2 ), Kjeldahl (N 6.25), (550, 4 ). Soxhlet (Soxtec system 1046, Tacator AB, Sweden). 통계처리 J.M.P program version 9.1.3 statistical software (SAS Institute, 2004) One-way ANOVA test, (LSD, Least Significant Difference) (P<0.05). 결과및고찰 (2007 8 13-2008 3 10 ) (13.5 g) (extruded pellet, EP) (moist pellet, MP) 7 I (2008 3 13-2008 10 20 ) (385 g) 7 Table 2. I 13.5 g 357.8 g, 13.5 g 179 g.,, (P<0.05), 2550.4%, 1225.9%. (Lee et al., 1999). Kim et al. (2014a) 51 g 7, 736 g 655 g. Cho et al. (2005),, Lee et al. (2005)., (,, ),,,. Table 2. Growth performance of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed extruded pellet (EP) and moist pellet (MP) 1 Experiment I EP Diets MP Initial weight (g/fish) 13.5±0.01 13.5±0.01 Final weight (g/fish) 357.8±9.3 179.0±16.5 Weight gain 2 2550.4±66.6 b 1225.9±123.2 a Specific growth rate 3 1.79±0.01 b 1.32±0.05 a Feed efficiency 4 121.4±3.9 b 89.1±7.1 a Protein efficiency ratio 5 2.21±0.02 b 1.44±0.04 a Daily feed intake 6 0.77±0.03 a 0.95±0.08 b Survival (%) 7 97.3±0.53 b 73.8±17.3 a Experiment II Initial weight (g/fish) 384.9±5.20 385.0±5.11 Final weight (g/fish) 1154.2±12.5 1144.9±43.4 Weight gain 2 199.9±3.97 197.5±14.7 Specific growth rate 3 0.49±0.01 0.48±0.02 Feed efficiency 4 94.1±1.00 b 77.4±3.56 a Protein efficiency ratio 5 1.41±0.11 b 1.17±0.05 a Daily feed intake 6 0.48±0.01 a 0.58±0.01 b Survival (%) 7 93.8±1.33 94.6±2.04 1 Values are means from triplicate groups of fish where the values in each row with different superscripts are significantly different (P<0.05). 2 Weight gain (%) = (final weight - initial weight) 100 / initial weight. 3 Specific growth rate (%) = (log e final wt. - log e initial wt.)/ days. 4 Feed efficiency (%) = wet weight gain (g) 100 / dry feed intake (g). 5 Protein efficiency ratio = wet weight gain / protein intake. 6 Daily feed intake (%) = Total dry feed intake 100/{(initial total wt. + final total wt. + dead fish wt.)/2} days fed. 7 Survival (%) =Number of fish at end of experiment / Number of fish stocked 100.
배합사료와습사료급여에의한넙치의성장 813 9 10. I II Fig. 1. Cho et al. (2009) 7 10,. Fig. 2. 8 11 (19.1 3.86) 8 11 13.5 g 236.9 g, 13.5 g 174.6 g. 12 3 (11.4 0.79). 12 3 291.6 g, 342.0 g, 364.7 g, 371.1 g, 12 1 191.6 g, 211.7 g 2 3 197.0 g, 192.6 g. II 385 g EP 1154 g, MP 1145 g., (P>0.05), 199.9%, 197.5%. Kim et al. (2006a) 329 g 8. Kim et al (2008) 32 1 kg,. Fig. 3. 3 (11.8 ) 9 (23.7 ). 3 9 385.0 g, 406.3 g, 478.7 g, 580.3 g, 694.3 g, 822.0 g, 1001.3 g. 3 9 384.9 g, 391.3 g, 450.7 g, 555.3 g, 687.0 g, 829.9 g, 1010.2 g. 10 (21.4 ) 9 2.3 1154.2 g, 1144.9 g 8 9., 100-300 g... (Kim et al., 2009)., (P<0.05), (P<0.05). (P<0.05). 400 Moist pellet Extruded pellet 342.0 364.7 371.1 1,400 Weight gain (g/fish) 300 200 100 0 75.2 153.9 116.8 236.9 174.6 291.6 191.6 211.7 197.0 192.6 13.5 66.5 13.5 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Month Weight gain (g/fish) 1,100 800 500 200 Moist pellet Extruded pellet 1154.2 1001.3 1144.9 822.0 1010.2 694.3 829.9 580.3 478.7 687.0 384.9 406.3 555.3 450.7 384.9 391.3 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Month Fig. 2. Monthly changes of the weight gain for juvenile olive founder Paralichthys olivaceus fed the experimental diets in experiment I. Fig. 3. Monthly changes of the weight gain for sub-adult olive founder Paralichthys olivaceus fed the experimental diets in experiment II.
814 김강웅ㆍ이진혁ㆍ배기민ㆍ김경덕ㆍ이봉주ㆍ한현섭ㆍ김성삼, (Kim et al., 2006a, 2006b; Kim et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2014a).., (Lee et al., 1999; Kim et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2011b)., (Lee et al., 1999).,.,., (Kim et al., 2005; Kim et al., 2010).. (Kim et al., 2007; Choi et al., 2008 Kim et al., 2014b; Kim et al., 2014c; Lee et al., 2014; Oh et al., 2014). Kim et al. (2011b) 1.97%, 4.83%, (Kim et al., 2010).,. I II Table 3., (P>0.05), (P<0.05)., (P>0.05), (P<0.05). I II Table 4. Table 3. Proximate composition (%) of whole body for olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed the extruded pellet (EP) and moist pellet (MP) 1 Experiment I EP Diets MP Moisture 70.0±2.35 74.8±1.21 Crude protein 19.0±0.05 b 17.7±0.15 a Crude lipid 6.5±0.02 6.7±0.05 Crude ash 3.4±0.03 3.7±0.11 Experiment II Moisture 69.1±1.21 71.7±1.35 Crude protein 18.4±0.05 18.8±0.03 Crude lipid 7.5±0.02 b 5.6±0.08 a Crude ash 3.4±0.08 3.0±0.06 1 Values are means from triplicate groups of fish where the values in each row with different superscripts are significantly different (P<0.05). Table 4. Proximate composition (%) of dorsal muscle for olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed the extruded pellet (EP) and moist pellet (MP) 1 Experiment I EP Diets Moisture 75.1±0.19 74.5±0.42 Crude protein 24.2±0.17 24.2±0.15 Crude lipid 0.68±0.04 0.60±0.03 Experiment II Moisture 75.1±0.25 76.7±0.45 MP Crude protein 24.2±0.12 b 21.4±0.14 a Crude lipid 0.45±0.06 0.50±0.05
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