SSD를 100% 이해한
CONTENTS SSD? 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 15 14 17 18 18 19
03 SSD SSD? Solid State Drive(SSD) NAND NAND DRAM SSD [ 1. SSD ] CPU( )RAM Cache Memory Firmware GB RAM Cache Memory Memory Memory I/O Interface Drive Controller Non- Volatile Memory Memory Memory Mass Storage Memory SSD IT CPU Hard Disk Drive(HDD) SSD SSD HDD
04 S S D? SSD (AFA)? HDD HDD HDD HDD SSD SSD SSD SSD 30 SSD Read/Write Erase RAID Log Structuring HDD Write SSD Erase SSD HDD HDD HDD SSD AFA Point SSD Write HDD WriteSSD HDD Write SSD Write SSD SSD AFA Write SSD SSD HDD SSD AFA AFA SSD
05 HDD Log Structuring RAID SSD Data Protection(XDP) Write SSD SSD., Write Garbage Collection. SSD 100% AFA, SSD HDD SSD 100% AFA 1 2 3 4 SSD Controller Scale-Out Controller 5 Inline Memory SSD Controller Write MetadataMemory In-Memory 6 Writable Inline Write Enterprise MLC(eMLC) SSD SSD Over-Provisioning Garbage Collection. 7 1ms 8 99.9999%
06 X t r e m I O Scale-Out Scale-Out AFA, 1 2 Controller 25 emlc SSD 1 AFA Tightly Coupled Scale-Out Controller Controller Metadata Controller/SSD CPU Memory SSD Port HW Controller Active-Active. 8 16 Controller Active 2 2 IOPS 4 4 IOPS 6 6 IOPS 8 8 IOPS 1 1ms Capacity 1 SSD 1ms 2 s 4 s 6 s 8 s Scale-Out Controller AFA 2 40Gb/s QDR InfiniBand InfiniBand ( QDR 40Gb/s) Controller 14 Controller 13 Controller 16 Controller 15 InfiniBand RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) RDMA Controller Memory I/O. 2 0.007ms 0.5~1ms. 16 ACTIVE CONTROLLERS Controller 12 Controller 11 Controller 10 Controller 9 Controller 8 Controller 7 Controller 6 Controller 5 Controller 4 Controller 3 Controller 2 Controller 1 150K IOPS 2M IOPS
07 SSD HDD LBA(Logical Block Addressing) LBA Write SSD Q ^ 0 5 X X & 0 K W 0 4 P 0 C 2 r H % Y c X # t! 0 I f 0 ; 7 ) X 0 b B u 0 Z X k 3 ^ - 0? e 0 X G 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 5 2 0 j g p. s G 0 X B 9 4 + 0 = } / X : 2 g X V 8 N 0 * F t S 0 [ H 0 m L U 0 X 7 \ 0 Empty Space Log Structured File System Log Structuring Write Garbage Collection Log Structuring Write (SSD Page) Log Structured File System SSD Page Garbage Collection Garbage Collection Log Structuring LBA SSD Write Mapping Table Memory Table Mapping LBA LBA Mapping SSD Mapping SSD SSD SSD. LBA SSD SSD SSD 251,600,000 251,400,000 251,200,000 251,000,000 KB Used 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 37 39 41 43 45 45 47 49 SSD Number SSDWrite 251,554,448 KB 0.16% 251,151,328 KB, Cache Random I/O Sequential I/O
08 X t r e m I O In-Memory Metadata 25 emlc SSD 1 512GB 1 024GB Memory Metadata Controller Memory 1 RDMA Controller Metadata Metadata Memory SSD VM Metadata Metadata Memory SSD SSD Write Memory Memory Metadata VM Metadata Memory SSD Metadata Read Metadata SSD Write. I/O Controller SSD I/O Memory 24x3651ms
09 Inline Controller SSD SSD Inline Post AFA Controller SSD I/O Post Read/Write AFA I/O HW SSD 24 Always-On AFA Write Post Controller SSD I/O VDI 10:1~20:1 / 2:1~4:1 5:1~8:1 Memory Memory Unique SSD Write X t r e m I O
10 X t r e m I O. / 10:1 HDD Memory Metadata RPO. QA In-Memory Metadata Production
11 AFA HDD RAID XDP( Data Protection) RAID Redundant of Inexpensive Disks Write HDD SSD Usable SSD WriteWrite SSD RAID-3D(RAID 5+6) RAID-5 RAID AFA 1 Write 5~6 Write 1.2 Write SSD XDP Memory Write SSD Write. Hot Spare SSD SSD 24 SSD 4% Hot Space Rebuild Metadata SSD SSD Rebuild SSD Rebuild Rebuild 1 HDD SSD Parity Hot Space RAID Write 2 Parity X t r e m I O
12 X t r e m I O RAID LUN Tiering Load Balancing SSD RAID Configuration Tiering LUN I/O 24 1ms GUI Initiator Mapping GUI HDD Rack No Performance Tuning Zero Planning No RAID Configuration & No Tiering Provisioning in Seconds! GUI
13 Oracle, DB2 Before, > 3ms Latency After, < 1ms Latency 1ms 99.9999% 2.2:1 ( 6.5:1 ) 50% SAP ERP SAP Business Suite QAS/Dev/Test, BW Business Objects 7U Production 60%, 50% 25 (39TB) 1.5TB Production 30% Analytics Reporting DevOps Analytics Analytics Analytics Prod Analytics Analytics Analytics Analytics Reporting Reporting Reporting Reporting DevOps DevOps DevOps DevOps In-Memory Metadata Operation Zero VM Zero VM 7:1 (53TB 7U 1 ) 0.5ms In-Memory VM 1 Rack VMware Microsoft OpenStack VDI Product Write (ms) Read (ms) Avg (ms) Before 2.02 3.66 2.84 88% 92% 91% After 0.23 0.27 0.25 15:1 5ms 0.3ms VPLEX Active-Active
14 X t r e m I O Inline Always-On, Inline, Zero Performance Penalty, Thin Provisioning XDP Inline Writable
15 X t r e m I O EMC Starter 1 2 4 6 8 2 2 4 8 12 16 DAE 1 1 2 4 6 8 SSD 13 (25 25 50 100 150 200 2 2 2 4 6 8 InfiniBand 0 0 2 2 2 2 IEC C14 4 (220V) IEC C14 4 (220V) IEC C14 14 (220V) IEC C14 24 (220V) IEC C14 34 (220V) IEC C14 34 (220V) (kg/lbs.) (kg/lbs.) (BTU/hr) 750W 6U 252.86/ 557.45 94.36/ 208.02 2,576 816W 1,749W 3,367W 4,985W 6,603W 6U 13U 23U 33U 43U 255.1/ 562.5 96.6/ 212.5 348.8/ 768.9 190.4/ 418.9 501.6/ 1,105.9 343.6/ 755.9 654.4/ 1,442.9 496.8/ 1,092.9 807.2/ 1,779.9 623/ 1,429.9 2,576 5,500 10,612 15,724 20,836 Starter 10TB 1 2 4 6 20TB 40TB 10TB 20TB 40TB 10TB 20TB 40TB 20TB 40TB 8 20TB 40TB (TB/TiB) 5.2/ 4.73 10/ 9.09 20/ 18.18 40/ 36.36 20/ 18.18 40/ 36.36 80/ 72.72 40/ 36.36 80/ 72.72 160/ 145.44 120/ 109.13 240/ 218.26 160/ 145.44 320/ 290.88 (TB/TiB) 1 3.58/ 3.26 8.33/ 7.58 16.67/ 15.16 33.34/ 30.32 16.67/ 15.16 33.34/ 30.32 66.68/ 60.64 33.34/ 30.32 66.68/ 60.64 133.36/ 121.28 100.01/ 90.96 200.02/ 181.92 133.36/ 121.28 266.72/ 242.56 6:1 (TB/TiB) 2 21.5/ 19.5 50/ 45.5 100/ 91 200/ 182 100/ 91 200/ 182 400/ 364 200/ 182 400/ 364 800/ 728 600/ 546 1,200/ 1,092 800/ 728 1,600/ 1,456 Inline 1 Inline 2 3:1 2:1 6:1
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17 emlc cmlc SSD (Cell) 1 Singel Level Cell(SLC) 2 Multiple Level Cell(MLC) 3 Triple Level Cell(TLC) Cell Write SLCMLC TLCSSD MLC SSD Write (Enterprise)eMLC (Consumer) cmlc Enterprise MLC Consumer MLC 8 Write SSD AFA SSD SSD Write Write SSD Enterprise MLC Consumer MLC Over-Provisioning SSD Over-Provisioning Usable SSD Enterprise MLC Consumer MLC 7 Over- Provisioning Garbage Collection Garbage Collection WriteGarbage Collection emlc(enterprise MLC) cmlc(consumer MLC) Write Over-Prvisioning 10 WDP 1.2 WDP WDP Write Per Day 5 SSD Write 400GB SSD emlc 10WDP400GB 10 4 000GB Write cmlc 1.2WDP 480GB Write 44% 6% emlc SSD 44% 400GB SSD 400GB 44% 176GB 400GB SSD 576GB cmlc 6%
18 Post Controller SSD VS Controller SSD POST AFA SSD AFA / / HDD Rack AFA AFA Inline Post AFA Post Controller SSD I/O I/O AFA Post Write SSD Post AFA Garbage Collection Garbage Collection Write Erase Erase Write 10 (Overwrite) & Erase HDD Overwrite SSD Erase Write SSD (Page) Write HDD Erase 1/10 Erase Write (Invalid Page Erase Erase Write Usable Garbage Collection AFA Erase SSD Write Erase Write Erase HDD Sector < Track < Cylinder SSD Cell < Page < Block < Plane < Die < Chip Cell PagePage Block 1 Write Page EraseBlock Erase Block Page Block Block Erase Block(Erase) Page(Write)
19 Garbage Collection A B C D A B C D Invalid Mark Block #1 E F G H E F G H A B C D Write A 1 Block A B C D E F G H 8. B8 A B C D 4 A B C D Overwrite. C A B C D Overwrite 4 Invalid Mark Page A B C D Write. Block #2 Copy Block #1 Erase Garbage Collection A B C D Garbage Collection AFA Block #1 Copy E F G H E F G H A B C D A B C D Block #2 E F G H E F G H A B C D A B C D Write Page 20 Write Page 24 DA B C D Page Invalid Mark Write Usable Invalid A B C D Erase Page Block Erase E F G H A B C D Block#1 Erase 2 EBlock#1 E F G H A B C D Block# Copy. F Block#1 Erase. Page 20 24 Usable. Garbage Collection Erase Garbage Collection AFA Garbage Collection Copy Erase Write Write Write SSD HDD SSD Garbage Collection HDD SSD
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