Korean J. Breed. Sci. 50(1):65-71(2018. 3) https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2018.50.1.65 Online ISSN: 2287-5174 Print ISSN: 0250-3360 진적색소형호접란 SM 7661 육성 임기병 1,2 김홍열 1,2 박노은 3 손병구 4* 1 경북대학교원예과학과, 2 경북대학교농업과학기술연구소, 3 상미원, 4 부산대학교원예생명과학과 Breeding of Phalaenopsis SM 7661 with Mini Type of Dark Red Flower Ki-Byung Lim 1,2, Hong Yul Kim 1,2, No Eun Park 3, Beung Gu Son 4* 1 Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea 2 Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 3 Sangmiwon Orchid, 166-10 Songamri, Teangun, Chungnam 357-903, Korea 4 Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Korea Abstract : A new Phalaenopsis cultivar SM 7661 was bred by Kyungpook National University, Korea. The new cultivar SM 7661 with the red colored mini type characteristics, was derived by artificial crossing between Phal. Golden Sun(female parent) and Phal. Princess Kaiulani(male parent). From 2005 to 2006, 250 individuals were cultivated over two years. Among them, an elite individual number '03-6-61' with excellent growth and flowering characteristics was finally selected by intensive selection process. The stability and uniformity of the cultivar was confirmed through the first and second characteristics tests in 2007 and 2008 and named as 'SM 7661'. SM 7661 produces dark red (RHS#185B) flowers of round shape and spreading mini type with size of 5.7 and 5.8cm in flower length and width, respectively. SM 7661 is regarded as raceme flower type with many flowers and good volume and suitable for small flower pot market. The leaf of SM 7661 is rowing horizontally and 13.8cm in length and 7.2cm in width. This cultivar also possesses no genetic variation, fast in vitro propagation and easy growing due to vigorous growth habit. This SM 7661 is registered (Reg.#:3826)to Korea Seed & Variety Service(KSVS) in December 21, 2011 and PBR(plant breeder's right) is currently controlled by Sangmiwon Orchid Company, Korea. Keywords : Phalaenopsis, artificial cross, selection, flower color, type 서언 호접란은양란중에서는재배기간이비교적짧고화색과화형이다양하고관상기간이길어서지속적으로수요가증가하고있는분화이다. 2015년생산량은 700만분으로난분화생산량 2,000만분의 35%, 그리고생산액은 23,703백만원으로전체난분화생산액 64,281백만원의 36.8% 로난분화뿐만아니라분화류전체에서도생산액이 1위로가장많다 (MAFRA 2016). 호접란은종간교잡종과 Doritis속등과의교잡이가능하기때문에지속적으로새로운품종이육성될것으로기대되고있으며 (Ichihashi & Mii 2006), 최근에는다양한클론품종과개화조절에의한고품질분화의연중생산등으로생산과소비는지속적으 *Corresponding Author (E-mail: bgson@pusan.ac.kr, Tel: +82-55- 350-5521, Fax: +82-55-350-5529) (Received on September 28, 2017. Accepted on January 19, 2018.) 로확대될것으로예상된다. 현재우리나라에서재배되고있는적색호접란품종의대부분이대만에서육성된것으로이들에대한로열티지불이생산자에게큰부담되고있으며이를대체할수있는적색품종육성이시급한실정이다. 국내의호접란육성은 1990년대초부터농촌진흥청국립원예특작과학원의 옐로우스타 와 핑크드림 (Lee et al. 2006a, b) 을시작으로경기도농업기술원, 경남농업기술원 (Been et al. 2007, 2008, 2011, Joung et al. 2010, 2011, Kim et al. 2007, 2009, 2011, Park et al. 2009, Yae et al. 2012, 2014) 등국가연구소에서주도하고있다. 그리고강산난원과상미원등의재배농가와대학, 국가연구소의협력체계구축으로우리나라재배현장에적합한신품종의육성과보급이이루어지고있다 (Hwang et al. 2014, 2015, Park et al. 2015, Lim et al. 2015, 2016a, 2016b). 2017년도현재까지국내출원호접란은 227품종이며등록된품종은 135품종 (http://www.seed.go.kr) Copyright c 2018 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
66 韓育誌 (Korean J. Breed. Sci.) 50(1), 2018 이다. 2016년부정청탁및금품수수의금지에관한법률시행으로선물용의대형호접란시장이위축되면서캐주얼플라워용의일반소비를위한소형호접란의수요가확대될것으로전망되고있다. 최근까지국내에서육성된호접란을꽃크기별로보면대형 6품종 (Been et al. 2007, 2011; Hwang et al. 2015; Lim et al. 2015, 2016b; Park et al. 2009), 중형 9품종 (Lee et al. 2006a, b, 2007; Kim et al. 2007, 2011; Joung et al. 2010; Yae et al. 2012, 2014), 소형 6품종 (Been et al. 2008; Joung et al. 2011; Kim et al. 2009; Lim et al. 2016a; Park et al. 2015; Hwang et al. 2014) 으로중형이많고소형품종이상대적으로적은것을알수있다. 본연구는수입종묘를대체하고국내외소형호접란분화시장개척을목표로적색소형계통으로강건하고재배하기쉬운호접란을육성하기위하여실시하였다. 재료및방법진적색으로소형계통의호접란을육성하고자경북대학교에서수집하여재배, 관리중인호접란유전자원중에서생육이양호하고, 재배관리가용이한적색의소형계통인 Phal. Golden Sun과 Phal. Princess Kaiulani의우수개체를선발하여각각모본과부본으로하여 2004년 1월에인공교배를하였다. 모본인 Phal. Golden Sun은꽃의크기는소형으로진적색화판의적색순변이며, Phal. Salu Spot과 Phal. Sentra를교배하여 (Figs. 1, 2) 1995년 RHS에등록된품종이다. 부본인 Phal. Princess Kaiulani도꽃의크기는소형으로모본과유사한진적색화판의적색순변이며 Phal. violacea와 Phal. amboinensis를교배하여 (Figs. 1, 2) 1961년 RHS에등록된품종이다. 모부본의유전적조성 (Figs. 4, 5) 은 RHS nomenclature를참고하였다. 인공교배하여 5개월후에완숙된꼬투리를소독하여, 호접란파종용배지 (Hyponex 3g.L -1 +peptone 4g.L -1 +sucrose 30g.L -1 ) Fig. 1. Family trees of parents(rhs nomenclature). Phal. Golden Sun was the female parent, Phal. Princess Kaiulani was the male parent.
진적색소형호접란 SM 7661 육성 67 Fig. 2. Flower characteristics of the Phal. Golden Sun(left, female parent) and Phal. Princess Kaiulani(right, male parent). Artificial cross Selection 1 st characteristic trial (V 1) 2 rd characteristic trial (V 2) 2004 2005~2006 2007 2008 Phal. Golden Sun Phal. Princess Kaiulani 04-06-1 04-06-10 04-06-20. 04-06-61. 04-06-230 04-06-240 04-06-250 Fig. 3. Pedigree diagram of new Phal. SM 7661. 04-06-61 04-06-61 'SM 7661' Fig. 4. Genetic composition of parents. Left : Phal. Golden Sun(female parent), Right : Phal. Princess Kaiulani(male parent).
68 韓育誌 (Korean J. Breed. Sci.) 50(1), 2018 Fig. 5. Genetic composition of new Phal. SM 7661. 에균일하게파종하였다. 파종후발아한실생묘는기내에서재배하면서돌연변이등생장이불량한묘를제거하면서생육이빠르고돌연변이가없는강건한묘를선발하였다. 2005년 3월부터기내에서재배한실생묘를온실로이동, 순화하여재배하면서영양생장특성이우수한 250개체를선발하였다. 그중에서잎의자세화화형과화색이우수한개체를선발하여, 화경의액아를이용한영양번식을하였다. 대조품종으로는 SM 7661과꽃의형태가유사한 Phal. Queen Beer를사용하였다. 2007년과 2008 년 2회에걸쳐농업과학기술연구조사분석기준 (RDA 2003), 신품종심사특성조사요령 (KSVS 2004) 에따라생육및개화에대한특성검정을실시하였다. 조직배양을통한번식율은엽편배양에서발생하는 PLB수를백분율로나타내었다. 개화를위한저온감응정도를알아보기위하여성숙한식물체를주야간 25/18 의생장상에입실하여개화일수를조사하였다. 결과및고찰육성경위진적색소형계통의호접란신품종 SM 7661의육성과정은 Fig. 3과같다. 경북대에서 2004년수집하여재배중인진적색화판의적색순변인 Phal. Golden Sun과 Phal. Princess Kaiulani 중에서품종본래의특성을유지하면서생육특성이우수한개체를각각모본과부본으로하여인공교배하였다. 교배한다음 정상적으로발달한꼬투리를소독하여무균파종하였다. 정상적으로발아한실생개체중에서 2005년부터 2006년까지돌연변이등생장이블량한개체는제거하고, 생장특성이강건하고형태적으로건전한 250개체의실생개체를선발하였다. 이중에서개화특성이양호하고진적색소형다화성으로화형이우수한 04-6-61 개체를최종적으로선발하였다. 선발된개체는 2007년과 2008년 2년에걸쳐화경의액아배양을통한개체증식및 1, 2차생육및개화특성을조사하였다. 품종으로서안정성과균일성을최종적으로확인한후 SM 7661 로명명하였으며국립종자원에품종등록하였다. 주요특성신품종 Phal. SM 7661의화색은진적색으로모본인 Phal. Golden Sun과유사하지만보다선명한적색 (185B) 소형계통으로, 화색과동일한적색 (185B) 의순변이있다 (Figs. 2, 6, Table 1). 화형은둥글며평피기로안정된느낌을준다. 이와같이신품종 Phal. SM 7661 꽃의전체적인형태와화색은부본보다모본과매우유사하다 (Fig. 2, 6). 소화의길이와폭은각각 5.7cm, 5.8cm 로대조품종 Queen Beer의 4.5cm, 5.6cm보다길이는 1.2cm 길었으나폭은거의비슷하였다. 화서장은 24.1cm로대조품종의 27.4cm 보다약간짧았다. 소화수는 15.3개로대조품종 16.0 개보다약간적었다 (Table 1, Fig. 6). 또한소화가좌우로균일하게배열되고소화간의간격이적당하고전체적으로균형이잡혀
진적색소형호접란 SM 7661 육성 69 Fig. 6. Flower characteristics of the Phal. SM 7661(left) and Queen Beer(right, control). Table 1. Flower characteristics of new Phalaenopsis 'SM 7661'. Cultivar SM 7661 Queen Beer (control) z Mean±SE(n=10) Color (Petal, sepal/lip) 185B/ 185B N74A/ N74A Form Width Length Length of inflorescence No. of florets/ inflorescence Spreading 5.8±0.4 z 5.7±0.6 24.1±3.1 15.3±1.4 Spreading 5.6±0.5 4.5±0.3 27.4±2.8 16.0±1.7 Table 2. Leaf characteristics of new Phalaenopsis 'SM 7661'. Cultivar Width Length Attitude Form Color SM 7661 7.2±0.6 z 13.8±1.3 Horizontal Oval Queen Beer (control) z Mean±SE(n=10) 8.3±0.8 17.4±2.0 Half straight Narrow obovate Dark green Dark green 있기때문에호접란의소형분화로서우수한형질을갖춘것으로판단되었다. 잎의길이와폭은각각 13.8cm, 7.2cm로대조품종인 Queen Beer의 17.4cm, 8.3cm와비교하여잎의길이와폭이약간작은것으로나타났다. 엽형은둥근난형이었으며, 잎의자세는수평이었다. 엽색은진녹색으로대조품종과동일하였으며광택이있다 (Table 2, Fig. 6). 모본의유전적조성은 Phal. luddemaniana 37.5%, Phal. rimestadiana 15.9%, Phal. amabilis 12.6%, Phal. amboiensis 12.5%, Phal. gigantea 9.4%, Phal. aphrodite 8.6%, Phal. schileriana 1.7%, Phal. faciata 1.6%, 기타 0.2% 이다 (Fig. 4). 부본의유전적조성은 Phal. violacea 50%, Phal. amboiensis 50% 이다 (Fig. 4). 신품종 SM 7661의유전적조성을모본과부본의유전적조성 (Fig. 4) 을근거로계산한결과 Phal. amboiensis 31.25%, Phal. violacea 25.0%, Phal. luddemaniana 18.75%, Phal. rimestadiana 7.95%, Phal. amabilis 6.3%, Phal. gigantea 4.7%, Phal. aphrodite 4.3%, Phal. schileriana 0.85%, Phal. faciata 0.8%, 기타 0.1% 로나타났다 (Fig. 5). 현재재배되고있는호접란의대부분이클론품종으로조직배양으로대량생산에있어서원괴체유사체 (PLB) 의유도능력및온실재배시의생육의안정성은품종의지속성과영리성에매우
70 韓育誌 (Korean J. Breed. Sci.) 50(1), 2018 Table 3. Other characteristics of new Phalaenopsis 'SM 7661'. Cultivar Propagation ability (%) Required days for inducing flower bud Inflorescence type Fragrance Growth speed SM 7661 86.5±7.9 z 81.9±7.8 Raceme None Good Queen Beer (control) 85.1±8.1 84.5±8.2 Compound Raceme None Good z Mean±SE(n=10) 중요한요인이된다 (Been 2003). 신품종 SM 7661의영양번식 2세대에걸친특성조사결과대량생산성 86.5% 로매우우수하고재배시생육과개화가균일하며돌연변이개체가나오지않는안정성을가지고있다 (Table 3, Fig. 6). 개화유도에필요한저온처리기간은신품종 SM 7661이 81.9일로대조품종의 84.5일과큰차이가없었다 (Table 3). 재배상유의점적색의호접란신품종 SM 7661은소형계통으로영양생장이왕성하고식물체가강건하기때문에호접란재배시가장문제가되는여름의연부병에도강하다. 또한우리나라에서육성되었기때문에국내의일반적인호접란재배환경이라면큰문제는없다. 플라스크묘의순화시온도는 25, 습도는 70%, 광도는 260umol m -2 s -1 가적당하다. 재배시에는습도는 60~70%, 온도는 18 이상을유지한다. 개화시에는품종고유의화색발현과품질유지를위하여온도 20 정도, 광도는 750umol m -2 s -1 정도로유지하고, 출하전에는관수와시비를약간줄여서관리하는것이개화수명등의품질향상에바람직하다. 유용성호접란신품종 SM 7661은 2009년 11월 9일종자산업법에의거하여국립종자원에품종보호출원 ( 품종보호출원번호 : 출원 2009-422) 하여재배시험을거쳐 20011년 12월 21일품종등록 ( 등록번호제3826호 ) 하였으며 2011년 12월 21일부터 2031년 12월 20일까지품종보호를받는다. 현재상미원에서재배, 출하하고있다. 적요호접란 SM 7661은 2004년경북대학교에서 Phal. Golden Sun과 Phal. Princess Kaiulani를각각모본과부본으로인공교배하여육성한 F1개체중에서선발한진적색소형계통의신품종 이다. 2005년부터 2006년까지 2년에걸쳐실생 250개체를양성하였다. 이들중에서재배시생장과개화특성이우수한개체 04-6-61을최종적으로선발하였다. 2007년과 2008년 2년간 1차, 2차특성검정을통하여재배품종으로서의안정성과균일성을확인하고 SM 7661로명명하였다. SM 7661은화색이진한적색 (185B) 이다. 화형은둥글고평피기로안정되어있다. 꽃의길이와폭은각각 5.7cm, 5.8cm로소형이다. 화서는총상으로소화수가많고볼륨이있기때문에소형분화에적합하다. 잎의길이와폭은각각 13.8cm, 7.2cm이며엽형은수평이다. 기내증식율이높고변이가거의없으며잘자라고강건하기때문에재배관리가용이하다. 상미원에서 2011년 12월 21일품종등록 ( 등록번호제3826호 ) 하여종자산업법에의해보호받고있다. 사사이논문은부산대학교기본연구지원사업 (2년) 에의하여연구되었음. REFERENCES 1. Been CG. 2003. Continuous production of Phalaenopsis clones by basal shoot culture. Korean J plant Biotechnol 30: 375-380. 2. Been CG, Kim JK, Cho YC. 2007. A Phalaenopsis(P. Blume) cultivar Shintaeguek with white flowers. Flower Res J 15: 136-138. 3. Been CG, Kim JK, Kim SK. 2008. Development of a new Phalaenopsis cultivar Little Dew with white miniature type flowers. Flower Res J 16: 149-151. 4. Been CG, Kim JK, Kim SK, Noh CW. 2011. Development of a Phalaenopsis(P. Blume), 'Yellow Cream' with striped yellow flower. Flower Res J 19: 177-180. 5. Hwang YJ, Kim HY, Seo JH, Seo YB, Son BG, KIm CK, Lim KB. 2014. Breeding of new Doritaenopsis 'KS Vivien'
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