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1 Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 48, N. 1, pp. 74~79, DOI: /KCERS Lightweight Prcelain using GHM(Glass Hllw Micrsphere) Geun-Hee Kim, Hy-Sung Chi, Jae-Hwan Pee, W-Sek Ch, and Kyeng-Ja Kim Whiteware Ceramic Center, KICET, Ichen , Krea (Received Nvember 26, 2010; Revised December 20, 2010; Accepted December 21, 2010) œ GHM(Glass Hllw Micrsphere) y w» y ½ Á z Áv y Á Á½ w» l ( ; ; ) ABSTRACT The pre generatin technlgy using GHM (Glass Hllw Micrsphere) was studied in rder t reduce the weights f prcelain. In this study, we verify the prperty f mdified slurry by adding GHM. The mdified slurry was prepared by adding 1.0~ 2.5 wt%(k1), 1.0~6.0 wt%(k7) f GHM t the slurry fr prcelain. The slurry viscsity were stable inside a cntent range f 1.0~2.5 wt%(k1), 1.0~6.0 wt%(k7). Hwever, the viscsity f mdified slurry increased mre than.0 wt%(k1) and 6.5 wt%(k7). The frmed specimen by slip casting was fired at 1229 C, 1254 C. As the amunt f GHM cntent increased, the weight decreased and the additin f 1.0~2.5 wt%(k1), 1.0~6.0 wt%(k7) f GHM resulted in a weight drp f 0%(K1) and 25(K7). Hwever, when the GHM cntent increased, the strength decreases ver 70%. This is caused by the presence f a large vlume f surface defects (pres) and defects frm the agglmeratin f GHM. Key wrds : Lightweight, Prcelain, Glass hllw micrsphere, Prus, Slip casting 1. y»(»,», k ) š m,, ³ š (2.6 ) wš. t y g (,, )z» w ƒ v w. t y (2.5 w) w,»œx mw y w.»œx x»œ x 1-) w»œ x w. œ»œ x w t v q w z t ³ ƒ t(, k ) y š ù z t ³ ƒ ƒ v w. w y ƒ w (Mg Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2, LiAlSi 4 O 10, CaMg (CO ) 2 ) w ƒ». wù y t Ì Crrespnding authr : Jae-Hwan Pee pee@kicet.re.kr Tel : Fax : w y w ƒ. xw» 4-6) w š x»» v w.»œx mw t y w wwš. 1-)»œx j»» œ w.»»œx œx, œx w. œx»œx Plyacrylnitrile t š œx»œx PMMA (Ply-methylmethacrylate),, v p y š.»»œx œx 7,8) ƒ wš, Fly-ash, Glass, HAp œ y w wš.»»œx Fly-ash 9-11) w w GHM(glass hllw micrsphere) w ƒ w.» y e w w» w GHM kw. w»œ x w» GHM w e y w ƒ w. š e w» x w yw w. ù GHM ³ w ywwš p w sƒ ƒ w.»»œx GHM y 74

2 유리질 중공체 GHM(Glass Hllw Micrsphere)을 활용한 자기의 경량화 Chemical Cmpsitin f Whiteware Slurry Al2O Fe2O CaO SiO Table 1. MgO 0.19 Chemical Cmpsitin f GHM SiO2 Al2O Fe2O CaO K2O 1.75 Na2O 1.16 TiO2 0.0 P2O5 0.0 Table 2. MgO 0.2 K2O 0.01 Na2O 6.4 TiO P2O B2O 7.7 (wt%) Ig. lss 5.28 (wt%) Ig. lss - 하여 백자 슬러리와 혼합하여 슬러리 특성평가 및 경량 화 특성에 대하여 조사하고자 하였다. 또한 GHM이 자기 의 결정상 형성에 미치는 영향과 기공이 치밀화에 미치 는 영향에 대하여 논하고자 한다. 2. 실험방법 출발 원료로는 (1S, Grye Dt, Krea) 함수율 2.5 wt% 인 백자 슬러리를 사용하였다. Table 1에 백자슬러리 고형 분의 화학성분을 나타내었다. 기공형성제로는 평균입도 4 µm, 1 µm급의 중공형 GHM (Glass hllw micr-sphere, K1, K7, M, Krea)을 혼합 첨가하여 사용하였다. GHM 은 SiO, Na O, CaO, B O 를 주 성분으로한 유리질 조성 으로 화학성분 분석결과를 Table 2에 나타내었다. 백자 슬러리의 평균입도는 레이저 산란법에 의해 측정 되었고, 6.8 µm로 나타났다. GHM의 평균 입도는 SEM (JSM-690, JEOL, Japan)으로 약 700개 이상의 GHM 입 자들을 관찰하여 측정하였다. 이들의 형상을 Fig. 1에 나 타내었다. K1은 평균입도 4 µm(fig. 1(a))으로 구성되었 고, K7은 1 µm(fig. 1(b))으로 관찰되었다. GHM의 밀 도는 밀도측정기(Accupyc -140, Micrmeritics, USA)로 측정하였다. K1은 0.1(g/cm ), K7은 0.5(g/cm )로 나타 나 K1이 저비중인 것으로 나타났다. 2.5 wt%의 함수율을 가진 백자 슬러리에 기공형성제인 GHM을 1.0~6.0 wt% 범위까지 첨가하였다. 기공형성제를 첨가한 후 혼합한 슬러리를 초음파 분산기를 사용하여 10 분 혼합하였다. 혼합된 슬러리 온도는 40 C로 하였고 석 고몰드는 50 C에서 12시간 건조된 몰드를 사용하였다. 혼 합된 슬러리를 몰드에 주입하여 40분 건조하고 이형 하 였다. 성형체는 25 C의 실내에서 24시간 건조 후 120 C, 1260 C까지 C/min로 가열한 후 0분 유지하여 로냉 하 였다. 소성 후 PTCR 측정 결과 실제소성온도는 1229 C, 1254 C로 측정 되었다. 슬러리의 점도 평가를 위해 GHM 을 1.0~6.0 wt%까지 첨가된 슬러리를 Brkfield LV 점도 계로 측정하였다. 스핀들 s61, 0.1 rpm의 조건으로 슬러리 온도를 40 C로 유지하면서 측정하였고 측정시간은 60초 로 하여 측정하였다. 수축율은 시편의 장축방향으로 10 cm 의 확인선을 표시하여 소성 후 수축된 선을 확인하여 측 II Fig. 1. SEM images f GHM micrstructure ((a) GHM-K1, (b) GHM-K7). 정하였다. 경량화율은 기공형성제를 첨가한 시편과 무 첨 가한 시편의 무게 비로 측정하였다. 건조된 성형체를 양 쪽에 10 mm씩 간격을 주어 지지대위에 올려놓고 소성 후 열간 변형을 측정하였다. 강도측정은 소결체를 40 4 mm 로 가공 후 표면 연마하여 0.5 mm/min의 crss head 속도로 점 굴곡강도로 측정하였다.. 결과 및 고찰 소성 전 백자 슬러리 고형분과 GHM의 결정상을 XRD (X-ray diffractin, Right D/max 2500v/pc, Rigaku, Japan) 로 분석한 결과를 Fig. 2에 나타내었다. 백자슬러리 고형 분은 quartz, kalinite, muscvite, albite 결정상들이 나타 났다. GHM의 결정상은 비정질 상으로 피크가 폭넓게 나 타났다. 무기물인 GHM을 슬러리와 혼합하였을 때 나타나는 슬 러리의 특성변화를 알아보기 위하여 점도를 측정하였다. 친수성이 우수한 GHM을 슬러리 대비 1.0~6.0 wt%까지 첨가하여 GHM이 잘 분산된 슬러리를 제조하였다. 각기 제조된 슬러리의 점도변화를 Fig. 에 나타내었다. 함수 율 2.5% 백자 슬러리의 점도는 약 6000 cp로 나타났다. GHM을 첨가할수록 고형분 양은 증가 되고 GHM의 부력 이 높아지기 때문에 유동성이 떨어져 점도 값이 상승한 것으로 판단된다. 첨가량이 6.0 wt%까지 첨가되었을 때에 점도 값은 무첨가 대비 약 2배 이상 증가한 1000 cp값을 나타내었다. 또한 K1과 K7의 밀도가 서로 다르기 때문 에 동일한 질량을 첨가했을 경우 밀도가 낮은 K1이 K7 보다 더 많은 질량이 첨가되어 K1이 K7보다 점도 값이 더 높게 나타났다. GHM이 첨가된 슬러리는 K1-1.0~ 제 48 권 제1호(2011)

3 76 ½ Á z Áv yá Á½ Fig. 2. Phase analysis f start materials ((a)whiteware pwder, (b) GHM). Fig.. Viscsity f mixed slurry depending n GHM cntents. 2.5 wt%, K7-1.0~6.0 wt%¾ ƒ ƒ wš ƒ š w x ƒ w. x x r z 1229 C, 1254 C ƒƒ w w Fig. 4 ùk ü. GHM ƒ ƒw z w C GHM ƒw 12.16% š ƒ K1-2.5 wt% 11.7%, K7-6.0 wt% 8.80% GHM ƒ ƒw y w.»œ x wš š»œ w» p ww q C, 1254 C w r K7-2.5~.0 wt% ƒ y w. GHM ƒw ww»œ ù q. GHM ƒ r w z Fig. 5 ùkü C z w quartz (SiO 2 ), mullite (Al 6 Si 2 O 1 ), cristbalite (SiO 2 ) ƒ ùkû. GHM SiO 2 72% sw» GHM ƒ ƒ w cristbalite ƒw. Cristbalite ƒw quartz mullite intensity š w e q C w Fig. 4. Shrinkage rate depending n GHM cntents fired at (a)1229 C, (b)1254 C. w wz

4 œ GHM(Glass Hllw Micrsphere) y w» y 77 Fig. 5. Phase analysis f fired samples added GHM at 1254 C (a) and (b) is magnificatin f (a). Fig. 6. Lightweight rate depending n GHM cntents fired at (a)1229 C, (b)1254 C C w r w ùkþ. GHM ƒ r»œx ƒ ƒ r w Fig. 6 ùkü. K1-2.5 wt% ƒ 0%, K7-6.0 wt% ƒ 25% ùkþ. GHM ƒ ƒw» œx w ƒw y w. K1 š 0.1 g/cm K7 0.5 g/cm K1 2.7 ƒ ùš w w K1 GHM ƒ 2.7 ùkü. K1 s³ ƒ 41 µm K7 j»œ x w š ùkû. K7 5µm w s»»œx s š w K1 sw wš ƒ ƒw e w q. GHM ƒ r Fig. 7 ùkü. ƒ r 1254 C w 105.6θ MPa ùkþ. GHM ƒ ƒw p»œ x ƒ» ƒ r x w w. K1 GHM 2.5 wt% ƒ 2 MPa d š K7 6.0 wt% ƒ 25 MPa d. z (Fig. 5) ùkù GHM ƒ ƒ w ƒwš cristbalite ƒ w j š q C 1254 Cƒ ùkûš y w w ùkû. GHM ƒw r Fig. 8 ùkü C w 0.28% t r j ù. w GHM ƒw r K1-2%, K7-4% ù kû ƒ ƒw»œ ƒw j ƒw ùkû C ƒ û k» 1254 C ùkù q. GHM ƒ r Fig. 9 ùkü. r»œ j» K1 K7 ³ew ùkû z w w s³ j ùkû. 48«1y(2011)

5 김근희 최효성 피재환 조우석 김경자 78 Fig. 9. Fig. 7. Bending strength f sample fired at (a)1229c, (b)1254c depending n GHM cntents. Fig. 8. Absrptin rate f samples fired at (a)1229c, (b)1254c depending n GHM cntents. SEM images f GHM micrstructure fired at 1254C ((a) K1-1.0 wt% (b) K1-1.5 wt% (c) K1-2.0 wt% (d) K1-2.5 wt% (e) K7-1.0 wt% (f) K7-2.5 wt% (g) K7-4.0 wt% (h) K7-6.0 wt%). 과에서와 같이 첨가량에 따라 기공형성이 증가하며 기공 이 경량화에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 대체적으로 K1과 K7보다 기공의 크기가 더 크게 나타나 며 이것으로 K1이 경량율이 더 증가되는 것으로 판단된다. 한국세라믹학회지 4. 결 론 무기물 GHM 첨가에 의한 경량화 자기 제조와 특성에 대하여 평가하였다. GHM을 백자 슬러리에 K1-1.0~2.5 wt%,

6 œ GHM(Glass Hllw Micrsphere) y w» y 79 K7-1.0~6.0 wt% ƒw x ƒ w GHM ƒ (1.0~6.0 wt%) (6,000~1,000 cp) p sƒw. GHM x ü»œ x wš z»œ gš GHM g g.» œx ƒ ƒ r 1254 C, K1-2.5 wt% ƒ 0.6% ùkû. GHM w»œx ƒw 70%. REFERENCES 1. G. Crtts and T. G. Park, Preparatin f Prus and Nnprus Bidegradable Plymeric Hllw Micrspheres, J. Cntrll. Release, (1995). 2. K. Kandri, K. Takeguchi, M. Fukusumi, and Y. Mrisada, Applicatins f Micrprus Glass Membranes, Plyhedrn, (2009).. O. J. Cayre and S. Biggs, The Rle f Particle Technlgy in Develping Sustainable Cnstructin Materials, Adv. Pwder Tech., (2010). 4. C. S. Prasad, K. N. Maiti, and Venugpal R, Replacement f Quartz and Ptash Feldspar with Sericitic Pyrphyllite in Whiteware Cmpsitins, Interceram, 40 [2] 94-8 (1991). 5. Y. Kbayashi, O. Ohira, T. Sath, and E. Kat, Cmpsitins fr Strengthening Prcelain Bdies in Alumina- Feldspar-Kalin System, Brit. Ceram. Trans., 9 [2] (1994). 6. R. Harada, N. Sugiyama, and H. Ishida, Al 2 O -Strengthened Feldspathic Bdies : Effects f the Amunt and Particle Size f Alumina, Ceram. Eng. Sci. Prc., 17 [1] (1996). 7. S. H. Chae, Y. W. Kim, I. H. Sng, H. D. Kim, and J. S. Bea, Effects f Template Size and Cntent n Prsity and Strength f Macrprus Zircnia Ceramics (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 46 [1] 5-40 (2009). 8. E. J. Lee, I. H. Sng, H. D. Kim, Y. W. Kim, and J. S. Bae, Investigatin n the Pre Prperties f the Micrcellular ZrO 2 Ceramics using Hllw Micrsphere (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 46 [1] (2009). 9. S. J. Kim, H. G. Bang, and S. Y. Park, Prperties and Synthesis f Prus Crdierite frm Fly Ash (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 4 [6] (2006). 10. W. Y. Kim, H. B. Ji, T. Y. Yang, S. Y. Yn, and H. C. Park, Preparatin f Prus Mullite Cmpsites Thrugh Recycling f Cal Fly Ash (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 47 [2] (2010). 11. Y. S. Chu, C. W. Kwn, J. K. Lee, and K. B. Shim, Micrstructure and Physical Prperties f Prus Material Fabricated frm a Glass Abrasive Sludge (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 4 [5] (2006). 48«1y(2011)

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