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1 Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 5, pp. 73~78, 007. Micrwave Dielectric Prperties f CaZr(BO 3 Ceramics Myung-Hwa Nam, Hy Tae Kim,* Jng-Hee Kim,* and Sahn Nahm Department f Materials Science and Engineering, Krea University, Seul , Krea *Krea Institute f Ceramic Engineering and Technlgy, Seul , Krea (Received March 7, 007; Accepted May, 007) CaZr(BO 3 j p û yá½zk* Á½ *Áû š w œw *» w» ( ; ) ABSTRACT The micrstructure and micrwave dielectric prperties f dlmite type brates, CaZr(BO 3 ceramics prepared by cnventinal mixed xide methd were explred. The sintering temperature f CaZr(BO 3 ceramics culd be reduced frm 1150 C t 95 C with little amunt f sintering additives. Micrwave dielectric prperties f 3 wt% Bi O 3 -CuO added CaZr(BO 3 ceramics sintered at 95 C were K 10.4, Q f 80,000 GHz and TCF + ppm/ C. Thus btained LTCC tape was c-fired with Ag paste fr cmpatibility test and revealed n sign f Ag reactin with the ceramics. Therefre, CaZr(BO 3 ceramics is cnsidered as a pssible candidate material fr lw temperature c-fired multilayer devices. Key wrds : CaZr(BO 3, LTCC, Micrwave dielectric prperties, C-fire, Cmpatibility ¾1. m»» m j q w m t j q ƒ š. j q w» w t xy y w (K) q k w t (Q; quality factr), š t (TCF; temperature cefficient f resnant frequency) û w. w, š q z s z, š l z w š y w y» w t w û (Cu, Ag ) w w. w w» w (lw temperature c-fired ceramics; LTCC) š w wz j š e xw ƒÿ š. 1-3) Ag Cu 950 C w (c-fire) w» w 50 vl%» (glass matrix) Crrespnding authr : Hy Tae Kim hytek@kicet.re.kr Tel : Fax : w» w v (filler) w [ + ] w wš, LTCC l v œ w, yw w ƒ ƒw œ p. w ƒ ƒ w ûš, ƒ w wš k» wš w ƒ w LTCC ƒ w š. 4,5)» kw CaZr(BO 3 [ w CZB] w BaSn(BO 3 rhmbhedral w dlmite type brate, 6-9)»q w 0.88Bi O 3-0.1CuO [ w BC] ƒw 950 C w û e yƒ ƒ wš w t œ q ƒ k wš w.. x x š CaCO 3, ZrO, 73

2 74 û yá½zká½ Áû H 3 BO 3 (>99.9%, High Purity Chemetals, Japan) w š, r y yw w. yw e w CZB w nyln jar zircnia ball 4 yw w z w. w yw w w» w 10 C 900~1,050 C w X- z w mw w w 950 C w, w 1 w z w. wt% PVA binder ƒw granuley w 1 mm w 1 tn/cm xw z, 1,000 C~1,150 C»» w. LTCC w 950 C w w CZB 1~10 wt% BC ƒw 4 yww z w x z 850~95 C w. w r X- z»(xrd; M03XHF, Mac Sci. C. Ltd., Japan, Cu-Kα radiatin) w. Field emissin scanning electrn micrscpy (FE-SEM; JSM-6700F, Jel, Tky, Japan) X-ray energy dispersive spectrscpy (EDS; 741, Oxfrd Instruments, Bucks, U.K) mw w. r water immersin (ASTM STD C373-7) w d w. r t (Qxf) 1~17 GHz ƒƒ resnant pst (Hakki & Cleman) cavity w TE011 d w š, œ q (TCF) cpper cavity 0 C~80 C d w, d l cavity w. 3. š 3.1. CZB š j q p CZB 950 C w w z 1,000~1,150 C w r X- z q l Fig. 1 w. CZB 1,05~1,150 C w r CaZrO 3, ZrO, CaB O 4ƒ, w 1,150 C CaB O 4 CaZrO 3 j ƒ w.» ZrO -B O 3 x. Fig. CZB y ùkü v. 1,050 C w û w e yƒ ù w ƒ û ùkû. 1,075 C e ù kü 1150 C û. š w w Fig. 3 r Fig. 1. XRD patterns f CaZr(BO 3 ceramics sintered at varius temperatures : (a)1,05 C, (b)1,050 C, (c)1,15 C, and (d)1,150 C fr h. Fig.. Bulk densities f CaZr(BO 3 ceramics sintered at varius temperatures. y w r ü»œ ƒ w w CaB O 4» w q. y CZB j q p Fig. 4 ùkü.» (K) resnant pst d w, t (Q f) cavity d w. 1,050~1,15 C j ƒ, 1,150 C r w w ƒ. t Fig. y y v y w ƒ ƒw, 1,075 C (Q f=40,000 GHz) ùkü. w wz

3 CaZr(BO3) 세라믹스의 마이크로웨이브 유전특성 75 온도 1,150 C에서 소성한 시편은 Q f 값이 0,000 GHz 이하로 크게 감소하였으며, 이는 이차상의 형성과 소결 밀 도 감소와 관련된다고 판단된다. 한편 공진주파수의 온도 계수(TCF)는 모든 소성 온도범위에서 ± 10 ppm/ C로 측정 되었으며 소성온도에 따른 특별한 경향성은 찾아 볼 수 없었다. 기존의 대부분의 LTCC 조성물의 모조성에서는 통상 수십 ppm/ C의 양(psitive)이나 음(negative)의 온도 계수를 가지므로 실제 RF나 마이크로파용 소자나 모듈의 적용을 위해 추가적인 온도 보정(temperature cmpensatin) 을 위한 조성의 변경(mdificatin)을 해왔으며, 주로 모조 성의 각 양이온 자리 (catin-site)의 원소 치환(substitutin) 또는 모조성의 온도계수와 반대의 온도계수를 가지는 조 성을 일정비율로 섞어 영(zer)에 가까운 온도계수를 얻었 다. 그러나 본 연구에서의 CZB 조성의 경우 이와 같은 번 거로운 추가 작업이 필요치 않으며, 다만 소결 온도가 적 어도 1,050 C의 고온에서 이루어지므로 LTCC 소재로의 적용을 위해 950 C 이하에서의 저온 소결화 연구가 필요 하게 되었다. 세라믹스의 저온소결 및 마이크로파 유전특성 CZB 세라믹스의 LTCC 적용을 위한 저온 소결 조제로, 약 600±0 C에서 공융점(eutectic pint)을 가지는 0.88Bi O 0.1CuO [BC]를 첨가하여 소결특성 및 유전 특성을 조사 하였다. 950 C에서 시간 하소한 CZB 세라믹스 분말에 소결 조제 BC를 각각 1~10 wt%첨가하여 혼합한 후 900 C에서 시간 소결한 시편의 X-선 회절 패턴을 Fig. 5 에 나타내었다. 소결 조제 BC첨가에 따른 이차상의 변화 는 그다지 발견할 수 없었다. 소결 온도와 소결 조제 함 3.. CZB 3 Fig. 3. SEM phtgraphs f CaZr(BO3) ceramics sintered at varius temperatures : (a)1,05c, (b)1,075c, and (c) 1,150C. Fig. 5. Fig. 4. Micrwave dielectric prperties f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with sintering temperatures. XRD patterns f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with the amunt f 0.88BiO3-0.1CuO additin. Samples were sintered at 900C fr h : (a)1 wt%, (b)3 wt%, (c)5 wt%, (d)7 wt%, and (e)10 wt%. 제 44 권 제 5호(007)

4 남명화 김효태 김종희 남산 76 Back-scattered electrn image f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with 10 wt% 0.88BiO3-0.1CuO sintered at 950C fr h. (hld). 95 C BC 800~950 C. Fig. 8 CZB 10 wt% BC 950 C (back-scattered electrn image). FE-SEM EDS Table 1. EDS CZB brn (10.81) Fig. 8. Fig. 6. Bulk densities f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with the amunt f 0.88BiO3-0.1CuO additives. 량의 변화에 따른 밀도는 Fig. 6과 같다. 공통적으로 소 결 조제의 첨가량이 3 wt%에서부터 소결 밀도가 급격하 게 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이는 낮은 공융점을 가지 는 BC가 액상을 형성함으로써 CZB 세라믹스의 치밀화 를 촉진시키기 때문인 것으로 판단되며, 이는 Fig. 7의 dilatmeter에 의해 측정한 온도에 다른 선수축율의 변화 에 의해서도 그 근거를 알 수 있다. 즉, Fig. 7의 (a)는 시 편의 binder 분해에 의한 미소한 수축율 변화이고, (b)는 600~700 C에서의 Bi O -CuO간의 액상형성 구간이며, (c) 는 소결이 본격적으로 이루어지는 n-set pint이다. 또한 (d)는 BC가 7 wt% 및 10 wt%인 시편의 치밀화가 포화점 을 이루는 온도영역을 나타낸다. Fig. 7에서는 승온속도 10 C/min에서의 연속 수축율 데이터인 관계로 BC가 3~5 wt%인 시편의 경우 950 C 이상의 온도구간까지도 계 속 치밀화가 진행중인 것으로 보이고 있으나, 실제 소결 3 환경에서는 각 소성온도에서 시간씩 유지 하기 때 문에 부터 수축율이 포화를 이룬다 또한 그림에서 의 온도구간에서 의 함량에 따라 수축율의 기울기가 증가함을 알 수 있다 은 에 의 를 첨가한 후 에서 소결한 시편의 후방산란전자 이미지 이다 이미지에서 콘트라스트에 의해 구분되는 각 상에 대해 를 이용한 정성 분석 결과를 에 요약하였다 분석 결과 주조성인 에 서 의 경우 작은 원자량 을 가진 원소로서 분 석기기의 한계상 정밀한 상량을 확보하기는 어려워 상대 적으로 원자량이 큰 Ca이나 Zr 과의 상대분율에서 화학 양론비(stichimetry)에 근접한 정확한 값을 얻지는 못했 으나, 상(a)는 주 결정상인 CZB 상에 근사함을 확인하였 고 상 (b)는 Ca과 Zr이 rich한 것으로 CaZrO 상에 근사 하며, 상 (c)는 Ca과 brn이 rich한 상으로 CaB O 상으 로, 상 (d)는 ZrO 및 bismuth가 rich 한 상으로 판명되었 으며, 이것은 앞서 Fig. 5에서의 X-선 회절법을 통한 상 분석 결과와 일치하였다. 저온소성 CZB 세라믹스의 소결 온도와 소결 조제 첨 가량에 따른 유전 특성 변화를 Fig. 9에 나타내었다. 유 전상수는 소결 밀도에서와 마찬가지로 3 wt%의 BC 첨가 시 유전상수의 증가가 포화값을 보이며 이후 BC 첨가량 과 소성온도에 따라 미소하게 증가하였다. 품질계수는 3 4 Elemental Analysis Result f Phases in Fig. 8 Phase (atmic%) Element a b c B-K O-K Ca-K Zr-L Bi-K Table 1. Fig. 7. Linear shrinkage f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with temperatures fr varius amunts f 0.88BiO30.1CuO additives. 한국세라믹학회지 d

5 CaZr(BO3) 세라믹스의 마이크로웨이브 유전특성 77 동시 소성하여 전극-세라믹스 계면에서의 상호 반응 여부 를 조사하였다. Diffusin cuple의 파단면에 대한 EDS 분 석 결과를 Fig. 10에 나타내었다. 그림 (a)는 시편의 단면 에 대한 back-scattered electrn image 상에서의 Agelement에 대한 line prfile 이며, (b)는 전극-세라믹 계면 에서의 Ag-원소에 대한 elemental mapping image이다. 이 로부터 Ag-CZB 계면에서의 상호 반응 및 확산이 일어나 지 않음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 또한 이들간의 계면 접착 성도 양호 하였다. 4. 결 론 돌로마이트형 보레이트의 일종인 CaZr(BO ) 세라믹스 를 고상법으로 합성하여 1,075 C에서 소결하였으며, 이 때 의 마이크로파 유전특성은 유전 상수(K) 8.06, 품질계수 (Q f) 39,000 GHz, 그리고 공진주파수의 온도계수(TCF) 는.6 ppm/ C로 측정되었다. 이를 저온 동시 소성 기판 재료(LTCC)로 응용하기 위해 소결 조제로써 0.88Bi O 0.1CuO를 3 wt% 첨가하여 95 C에서 소결한 결과 유전 상수(K) 10.4, 품질계수(Q f) 80,000 GHz, 그리고 주파수 의 온도계수(TCF)가 + ppm/ C로서 매우 우수한 마이크 로파 특성과 온도안정성을 보였다. 또한 Ag 전극과 저온 소성 CaZr(BO ) 세라믹스 조성과의 반응성 테스트 결과, 전극-세라믹 계면에서의 상호반응 및 확산이 발견되지 않 았다. 본 연구를 통해 비록 소결온도 측면에서 현재의 95 C에서 900 C이하로 더욱 개선할 필요성이 있기는 하 지만, CZB 세라믹스가 RF 및 마이크로파 부품용 저유전 율, 저손실 LTCC 소재로서의 적용가능성을 충분히 시사 한다고 판단된다. 3 Fig. 9. Micrwave dielectric prperties f CaZr(BO3) ceramics with the amunt f 0.88BiO3-0.1CuO additives. 3 3 REFERENCES 1. E. S. Kim, B. S. Chun, J. D. Kim, and K. H. Yn, Lw Temperature Sintering and Micrwave Dielectric Prperties f [Ca0.6(Li0.5Nd0.5)0.4]0.45Zn0.55TiO3, Mat. Sci. Eng., [1] (003).. T. Hu, A. Uusimäki, H. Jantunen, S. Leppävuri, K. Spnmanee, and S. Sirisnthrn, Optimizatin f MgTiO3CaTiO3 Based LTCC Tapes Cntaining BO3 fr Use in Micrwave Applicatins, Ceramics Internatinal, [1] (005). 3. A. Yki, H. Ogawa, and A. Kan, Micrwave Dielectric Prperties f BaO-TaO5-TiO System, J. Eur. Ceram. Sc, [10] (006). 4. J.-j. Bian, D.-W. Kim, and K. S. Hng, Glass-free LTCC Micrwave Dielectric Ceramics, Mat. Res. Bull., [1] 10-9 (005). 5. M. Valant and D. Suvrv, Glass-free Lw-temperature Cfired Ceramics: Calcium Germanates, Silicates and Tellurates, J. Eur. Ceram. Sc., [6] (004). B 99 Fig. 10. SEM-EDS analysis f CaZr(BO3) ceramics c-fired with Ag-electrde at 95C fr h. 3 wt%의 BC를 첨가한 시편의 경우에 모든 소성 조건에 서 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 최적의 조성 및 공 정조건인 CZB에 3 wt%의 BC 첨가된 시편을 95 C에서 시간 소결한 경우의 대표적인 마이크로파 유전특성은 유 전 상수(K)는 10.4, 품질계수(Q f)는 80,000 GHz, 그리고 주파수의 온도계수(TCF)는 + ppm/ C로 나타났다. 한편 저온소성 CZB 조성에 대한 LTCC 재료로서의 적 용성을 검토(feasibility test)하기 위해 Ag 전극과 저온소 성 CZB 세라믹스로 diffusin cuple을 만들어 95 C에서 제 44 권 제 5호(007)

6 78 û yá½zká½ Áû 6. N. Iwase, Dlmite Type Brn Cmpund, Elec. Ceram.(in JPN), 87 (00) 7. T. D. Thangh, N. Iwase, H. Egami, and E. Ichimri, Lw Temperature Sintered Ceramics fr Hybrid Functinal Circuit (HFC) Substrates, Prc. 3rd Int l Micrelectrnics Cnf., 0-3 (1984). 8. G. Bayer, Thermal Expansin Anistrpy f Dlmite- Type Brates Me + Me 4+ B O 6, Zeitschriftfur Kristallgraphie, (1971). 9. M. H. Nam, H. T. Kim, J. H. Nam, D. H. Ye, J. H. Kim, and S. Nahm, Lw-temperature Sintering and Dielectric Prperties f BaSn(BO 3 Ceramics (in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., 43 [] 9-7 (006). w wz

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