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1 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health January 010, Vol. 4, No. 1, 5061 doi: /jpmph Socioeconomic Inequity in SelfRated Health Status and Contribution of Health Behavioral Factors in Korea Minkyung Kim 1, Woojin Chung 1,, Seungji Lim 1,, Soojin Yoon 1, Jakyoung Lee 1, Eunkyung Kim 1, Lanju Ko 1 1 Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University Objectives: The study is investigated socioeconomic variations in selfrated health status and contribution of health behavioral factors in Korea. Methods: A nationally representative sample (,800 men and,0 women aged 064 years) from the 005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Surveys was analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Selfrated health was lower among lower socioeconomic groups compared with higher socioeconomic groups, with gender being irrelevant. This association was attenuated when health behavioral and sociodemographic factors were adjusted. When each health behavioral factor was considered separately, mediators such as smoking in men, and stress or exercise in women explained a large part of the decreased socioeconomic health inequalities. Conclusions: In Korea, subjective health inequalities arise from different socioeconomic status, but this difference is decreased by health behavioral factors. Therefore, socioeconomic inequity in selfrated health status can be corrected more effectively by promotional health behaviors. Key words: Social class, Health status, Socioeconomic factors, Health behavior, Korea J Prev Med Public Health 010;4(1):5061

2 Table 1. Classification of social stratum groups Occupation Legislator, senior officials and manager Professionals Technicians and associate professionals Clerks Service and sales works Skilled agricultural and fishery workers Craft and related trades workers Plant, machine operators and assemblers Elementary occupations Household Selfemployer Employer Job status Formal Formal Temporar EM* EM* y workers (Full time) (Part time) Day workers Family volunteer Others EM: *The present study was conducted on the working population. Not economically active population as a student, army and unemployed ruled out.

3 Table. Characteristics of study subjects among men and women Variables Age (yr) Social stratum group Education level Income (1,000 KRW) High risk drinking for chronic harm Low risk Medium risk High risk Smoking Nonsmoker Exsmoker Smoker Stress A few times/never Occasionally Often Very often Exercise Regular No Residential area Large city Small city Rural area Marital status Never married Married Others* Total,800 *Others includes divorced, widowed and separated Men Women n % n % 0,81 0,786 0,84 0,565 0,5 0,16 0,677 0,454 0,74 0,144 0,567 1,105 1,44 0, 0,08 0,669 0,76 0,941 0,464 1,150 0,70 1,80 0,48 0,814 1,558 0,11 1,44 0,88 0,17 1,86 1,414 1,6 1,09 0,499 0,56,096 0, , , , , , ,48 1,748 1,57 1, ,9 98,

4 Table. Relation of social stratum group, socioeconomic and health behavior variables to selfrated health status among men and women Age (yr) Social stratum group Education level Income (1,000 KRW) High risk drinking for chronic harm Low risk Medium risk High risk Smoking Nonsmoker Exsmoker Smoker Stress A few times/never Occasionally Often Very often Exercise Regular No Residential area Large city Small city Rural area Marital status Never married Married Others* Total UnHealthy group Men n (%) n (%) n (%) ,105 1, , , , , ,86 1,414 1,6 1, , , Healthy group pvalue , , , , , ,48 1,748 1,57 1, ,9 98 Total UnHealthy group , , , , ,45 85 Women n (%) n (%) n (%) Healthy group pvalue , Total,800 1,486 1,14,0 1,94 1,87 *Others includes divorced, widowed and separated

5 Table 4. Sexspecific odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of selfrated health status according to socioeconomic factors aged 064 by logistic regression 95% CI Men Social stratum group Education Income (1,000 KRW) Women Social stratum group Education Income (1,000 KRW) Model 1* OR* 95% CI pvalue Model Model OR 95% CI pvalue OR 95% CI pvalue *Model 1: odds ratio were adjusted for age Model : odds ratio were adjusted for age and health behavior variables Model : odds ratio were adjusted for age, health behavior, and sociodemographic variables

8 Table 5. Logistic regression for effect of high risk drinking for acute harm, smoking, stress, and exercise on socioeconomic health inequality Men Social stratum group Education Income (1,000 KRW) Women Social stratum group Education Income (1,000 KRW) Age+high risk drinking for acute harm adjustment OR* 95% CI pvalue Age+smoking adjustment OR 95% CI pvalue Age+stress adjustment OR 95% CI pvalue OR; Odds Ratio, CI; Confidence Interval *odds ratio were adjusted for age and high risk drinking for acute harm, odds ratio were adjusted for age and smoking odds ratio were adjusted for age and stress, odds ratio were adjusted for age and excercise Age+exercise adjustment OR 95% CI pvalue

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07½Å¿µÀü Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health March 2010, Vol. 43, No. 2, 138-150 doi: 10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.2.138 Analysis for the Impact of Adulthood and Childhood Socioeconomic Positions and Intergenerational