<303420B3EBBAB4B1B92E687770>
|
|
- 서오 유
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp , February 2017 by The Korean Society of Safety (pissn , eissn ) All right reserved. 사물인터넷기반초미세먼지 (PM2.5) 측정장치개발 노병국 최기흥 * 한성대학교 IT응용시스템공학과 * 한성대학교기계시스템공학과 ( 접수 / 수정 / 채택 ) Development of IoT-based PM2.5 Measuring Device Byoung Gook Loh Gi Heung Choi * Department of IT Applied Engineering, Hansung University * Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Hansung University (Received January 11, 2017 / Revised February 3, 2017 / Accepted February 13, 2017) Abstract : An IoT-based particulate matter (PM2.5) sensing device (PSD) is developed. The PSD consists of a PM2.5 sensor, signal processing circuit, and wi-fi enabled-microprocessor along with temperature and humidity sensors. The PSD estimates PM2.5 density by measuring light scattered by PM2.5. To gauge performance of the PSD, PM2.5 density of open air was measured with the PSD and compared with that of the collocated-government-certified measuring station. Measurements were taken at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz and moving-averaged to remove measurement noise. When compared to the result of the measuring station, average percentile error of PM2.5 density from the PSD is found to be 31%. A correlation coefficient is found to be 0.72 which indicates a strong correlation. Instantaneous variation, however, may far exceed average errors, leading to a conclusion that the PSD is more suitable for estimating average trend of PM2.5 density variations than estimating instantaneous PM2.5 density. Key Words : internet of things, PM2.5, sensor network, CC3200 micro-processor, moving-average 1. 서론 최근미세먼지의위험관련많은연구결과가발표되고있다. 특히입자직경 2.5 마이크론이하의초미세먼지 (PM2.5) 는폐부깊숙이침투하여심각한호흡및심장관련질환을유발한다는연구결과 1) 가보고되고있다. 이러한초미세먼지의위험을감소시키기위해, 세계보건기구 (WHO), 미국 EPA(environmental protection agency), 유럽연합 (EU) 등은초미세먼지의인체노출기준한도를규정하거나권고하고있다. (Table 1 참조 ). Table 1. Worldwide PM2.5 regulations and guidelines Institution Standard [µg/m 3 ] Daily Annually World health organization(who) < 25 < 15 Environmental protection agency(usa) < 35 < 15 Europe union N/A < 25 초미세먼지대책수립에가장중요한첫번째단계는초미세먼지의측정이다. 초미세먼지측정소는전국적으로 145 개소가설치되어있으며서울 25 개소, 인천 16 개소, 대구 8 개소, 부산 21 개소등 50% 이상의측정소가도시에위치하고있다. 광범위한측정망구축을통해초미세먼지오염현황파악및오염이급격하게증가하는지역관찰이중요하지만현재의초미세먼지측정소의수는효과적인측정망구축에는매우부족하다. 정부공인측정소의초미세먼지측정방법은대부분베타선흡수방식 (Beta attenuation monitor) 으로대기중부유하고있는 2.5 μm이하입자상물질을일정시간여과지위에포집하여베타선을투과시켜입자상물질의질량농도를연속적으로측정하는방법이다. 측정장치가고가이며고정식으로대부분건물옥상이나공원에설치되어있다. 반면광산란방식 (light-scattering method) 은적외선또는레이저를대기중에조사하여대기중초미세먼지에의한빛의산란양을측정하여 Corresponding Author : Byoung Gook Loh, Tel : , bgloh@hansung.ac.kr Department of IT applied Engineering, Hansung University, Samseon-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02876, Korea 21
2 노병국 최기흥 초미세먼지의질량농도로변환하는방법으로베타선흡수방식과비교하여상대적으로정밀도는낮으나장치의소형화, 실시간측정가능및기기제작비용의획기적인감소에적합한기술이다. 최근초미세먼지에대한증대된관심으로다양한광산란방식초미세먼지측정센서가개발되었다 1,2). 신뢰성이입증된초미세먼지측정장치와의보정 (calibration) 을통해광산란방식초미세먼지측정장치의정확도를증대시킬수있다는연구결과가보고되고있다 2). 본연구에서는광산란방식의초미세먼지측정센서와 IoT(Internet of Things, 사물인터넷 ) 를융합하여초미세먼지측정망구축을위한휴대용 IoT 초미세먼지측정기를제작하였다. 또한기초실험결과에근거하여측정기의특성, 한계, 및개선점에관해토의하였다. Fig. 2. Functional block diagram of IoT PMS. 2. IoT 초미세먼지측정시스템 2.1 IoT 초미세먼지측정시스템의구성 IoT 초미세먼지측정장치는센서 (sensor), 신호처리회로 (signal processing circuit), 그리고마이크로프로세서 (microprocessor) 로구성된다. 센서는 PM2.5 센서이외에온도, 습도센서를포함하고있으며현장의필요에따라센서의추가가용이하도록설계되었다. 센서에서측정된신호는신호처리회로에서마이크로프로세서입력에적합하도록조정된후무선통신 (Wi-fi) 기능을갖춘마이크로프로세서 (Texas Instrument CC3200) 로보내진다. 마이크로프로세서는게이트웨이 (gateway) 를통해클라우드서버에무선으로연결되어측정된데이터를전송한다. Fig. 1. Photo of IoT PM2.5 sensing device (PSD) (dimension : mm). Fig. 3. Cloud connection of IoT PMS to server. 2.2 광산란방식초미세먼지측정이론적배경광산란방식의초미세먼지농도측정은입사광의강도 (I) 는입사광의경로에존재하는미세입자의직경 (r) 의함수라는 Mie 산란이론에근거하며지배방정식 (governing equation) 은 Eq.(1) 과같다 3,4). I o 은입사광강도 (intensity of incident light), 는산란각 (scattering angle), 는방위각, 는파수 (wave number), 은무차원산란각함수, 그리고 은입자직경을각각나타낸다. Eq.(1) 에따르면미세입자에의한산란으로입사광의강도는감소하며미세입자의양이증가할수록산란에의한입사광의강도감소는증가한다. 파장, 굴절률, 산란각은사용하는광선 ( 적외선혹은레이저 ) 및광학시스템의구조를정하면일정범위를갖는상수로가정할수있으며이경우미세입자직경과산란강도는단조함수 (monotonically increasing) 로정의할수있다. 따라서입사광의강도감소와산란광의비율을측정하는방식으로공기중미세입자즉초미세먼지의농도를추론할수있다 5). (1) 22 J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 32, No. 1, 2017
3 사물인터넷기반초미세먼지 (PM2.5) 측정장치개발 2.3 초미세먼지센서의내부구조및작동원리 PM2.5 센서 (Sharp DN7C3CA006) 의크기는 mm 이며작동준비시간은 10 초이내이다 6). 센서의작동원리는소형팬 (fan) 을구동하면외부의공기가센서내부로유입된다. 유입된공기중의초미세먼지는비중차이의의해입자분리체임버 (chamber) 역할을하는가상임팩터 (virtual impactor) 에의해내부로직경 2.5 마이크로미터이하의입자가유입된다. 센서특성자료 6) 에따르면 PM2.5 이하의입자중 90% 가가상임팩터내부로인입된다. 인입된초미세먼지는가상임팩터내부에조사된적외선을산란시키며산란된빛의양을측정하여 PM.2.5 입자의공기중농도를간접적으로측정한다. 자세한초미세먼지센서의사양은 Table 2 에나타내었다. Fig. 5 에제시된 PM2.5 농도측정알고리즘은 Texas Instrument 공기질모니터링시스템설계기술자료 7) 를 Fig. 5. Flow-chart of PM2.5 sensing algorithm. 근거하여구성하였다. 측정알고리즘은 10 ms 의주기로 PM2.5 센서의측정전압을표본화 (sampling) 로시작한다. 표본화한신호의노이즈를제거하기위해 20 개의표본화된데이터를이동평균 (moving average) 한다 8). 이동평균한신호를매 1 초의주기로저장하고다시 60 초이동평균하여 1 분의주기로클라우드서버로전송한다. 서버로전송된데이터는웹 (web) 상에그래프형태로게시하여측정치의변화를직관적으로확인할수있으며또한데이터베이스형태로저장되어시계열분석혹은다수의센서데이터에기초한빅데이터 (big data) 분석에활용할수있다. 3. 실험결과 Fig. 4. Working principle of Sharp PM2.5 sensor module. Table 2. Technical specification of Sharp PM2.5 sensor 6) Size 53 x 40 x 51 mm Weight 53 g ± 7 g Sensing range 25 ~ 500 μg/m 3 Sensitivity 1 volt/100 μg Power consumption 1.1 watt Noise 38 db 3.1 초미세먼지측정결과초미세먼지측정장치의성능을검증하기위해광산란방식의상용초미세먼지측정장치인 Dylos (DC1100 PRO) 와비교실험을수행하였다. 밀폐된실험실내에서향을 1분간연소한후소화하여초미세먼지농도를변화시켜가며초미세먼지농도를 Dylos 측정장치와개발된초미세먼지측정장치를이용하여측정하였다. Fig. 6에나타낸개발된초미세먼지측정장치의측정결과를살펴보면측정치의증가와감소의경향을확인할수있다. 측정결과는초미세먼지농도로보정전 한국안전학회지, 제 32 권제 1 호, 2017 년 23
4 노병국 최기흥 이므로전압으로표시하였다. 이동평균하지않은경우 ( 가는실선 ) 신호상의노이즈가관찰되나이동평균결과 ( 굵은실선 ) 는노이즈가사라진안정적인측정치를확인할수있다. Dylos 측정장치의측정값에근거하여보정한결과는 Fig. 7 에 Dylos 측정결과와함께나타내었다. 측정값의보정을위해측정전압에보정계수 (scaling factor) 를적용한후오프셋 (offset) 값을추가로적용하여미세먼지농도로변환하였다. 향의 1 분간의연소는초미세먼지농도를최대 140 μg/m 3 로증가시켰으며그이후점진적으로감소하며개발된장치의측정결과는상용측정장치인 Dylos 측정장치의결과와매우유사함을확인할수있다. 초미세먼지농도가 10 μg/m 3 전후인경우상대적으로큰오차가발생함을알수있으나이는 WHO 또는대부분의선진국이정한기준이내의매우낮은값으로우리나라의보편적인측정환경하에서는문제가되지않는것으로판단된다. 3.2 PSD의보정광산란방식의초미세먼지측정방식은초미세먼지의농도를추정하기위해보정이반드시필요하며추정초미세먼지농도의정밀도는보정기준의정밀도에의존한다. 개발된측정장치의보정은정부공인측정소의측정결과를기준하여수행하였다. 측정장치와정부공인측정소와의거리는 700 m이었다. 공인측정결과는 1시간평균치로매 1시간마다공인측정치를웹에서확인할수있으며웹쿼리 (web querry) 를통해소프트웨어적으로데이터추출을자동화하였다. 110시간동안측정한실험치와공인측정결과를최소자승법을이용하여상관관계분석을수행한결과를 Table 3과 Fig. 8에나타내었다. 상용광산란측정장치인 Dylos DC1100 PRO와의상관관계는 Fig. 9에나타내었다. Dylos 와개발된장치의측정방식은광산란방식이라는관점에서는같지만세부적인측정방식에있어서는차이가있다. Dylos 측정방식은광산란방식에의해초미세먼지입자의개수를먼저추정하고모든입자의크기가동일하다는가정하에초미세먼지농도를추정한다. 이러한세부적인측정방법의차이가 Fig. 8과 9의결과차이를나타낸것으로판단된다. 일반적으로상관관계계수 (coefficient of determination, R 2 ) 0.7 이상의경우높은상관관계로평가하며개발된초미세먼지측정장치와정부공인측정치와의상관계수는 0.72로높은상관관계를갖는다고평가할수있다. Table 3. Coefficients of determination(r 2 ) Fig. 6. Original data and moving average over the period of 60 minutes. Sharp PM2.5 sensor 0.72 Dylos DC1100 PRO 0.65 R 2 Fig. 7. Comparison of the measured results of IoT-based PSD developed with those of Dylos DC1100 PRO. Fig. 8. Correlation between the measured results of IoT-based PSD developed and those of government measuring station. 24 J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 32, No. 1, 2017
5 사물인터넷기반초미세먼지 (PM2.5) 측정장치개발 지의농도를증가시키는경향이있다. Sharp 초미세먼지센서기술자료 6) 에따른습도보정전후의결과를비교해보았으나유의한차이를관찰할수는없었다. (Fig. 10 두개의실선그래프참조 ) 4. 토의 Fig. 9. Correlation between measured results of Dylos DC1100 PRO and those of government measuring station. Table 4. Measurement error of IoT-based PSD (no. of sample : 107, GSM : government certified measurement, PSDM : PSD measurement) measurement error (%) average (GSM PSDM) / % Fig. 10. Comparison of the measured results of IoT-based PSD with government-certified data. Measuring Station(E): Governmentcertified data, Humidity uncorrected: data without humidity correction. Humidity corrected: data corrected according to Sharp PM2.5 sensor technical manual. 상관관계분석을통해얻은결과를사용하여초미세먼지측정값을보정한결과를공인측정소의측정치와비교하여 Table 4 와 Fig. 10 에나타내었다. 두데이터의전체적인변화경향은유사하나측정기간동안미세먼지농도변화가최대 40 μg/m 3 로그리크지않아일부측정구간에서큰오차가관찰되었다. 표본데이터 107 개에대한공인측정치와의기기측정의측정백분율오차는평균 31% 를나타냈다. 3.3 습도의영향 초미세먼지농도측정시공기중습도는초미세먼 광산란방식의초미세먼지측정방식은실시간데이터를상대적으로적은비용으로얻을수있다는장점이있다. 그러나평균적인변화량이아닌특정시점의초미세먼지농도측정값의정밀도는오차가크게발생할가능성이있다. 본연구결과중공인측정소측정값과의비교를보면매시간측정한 107 개측정값의평균오차는 31% 이지만특정시점의오차는평균오차를크게상회하는경우도자주관찰할수있었다. 따라서저가형광산란방식의초미세먼지측정장치의활용은장기간의초미세먼지농도의평균적인변화측정에적합하다고판단된다. 초미세먼지측정장치의정밀도는중량방식측정치와의정밀한보정에전적으로의존한다. 가장일반적인방식은보정기준값과보정대상값간의선형적관계 (y = ax + b, where a : slope, x: input, y: output, b: offset) 를가정하여보정하는방법이다. 지수함수나고차방정식을활용하는비선형방법에비해안정적이며쉽게활용할수있다는장점이있으나정밀도는상대적으로낮다. 선형, 비선형보정방식모두측정시간증가에따른보정상수, 즉선형보정법의경우보정일차식의기울기와오프셋 (offset) 의드리프트 (drift) 보정이필요하다. 가스나소음측정과달리초미세먼지측정은표준시료가존재하지않으므로측정현장에서일반적인표준시료보정방법은적용하기어렵다. 그러나전국의초미세먼지농도정보는매시간공공데이터포털 (portal) ( 을통해이용가능하며이정보를초미세먼지표준시료정보로활용할수있다. 본연구에서개발한초미세먼지측정시스템은웹을통한정보의송수신기능을갖추고있으며웹쿼리 (web querry) 를통해지속적인보정을손쉽게수행할수있다. 5. 결론 광산란방식의휴대용초미세먼지측정기를개발하였다. 사물인터넷접속이용이한저전력소모의 Texas Instrument 사의 CC3200 마이크로프로세서와 Sharp 사의 PM2.5 센서 (DN7C3CA006) 를기반으로장치를구성 한국안전학회지, 제 32 권제 1 호, 2017 년 25
6 노병국 최기흥 하였다. 초미세먼지공인측정소측정치를기준으로보정한평균측정오차는 31% 로계산되었으나순간초미세먼지측정결과는공인측정치와많은차이를나타내었다. 그러나초미세먼지위험평가는초미세먼지농도의정확한측정값보다는농도의상, 중, 하와같은구간강도하의노출시간에더크게의존하므로평균적인경향변화를측정할수있는장치의필요성은증대할것으로판단된다. 개발된 IoT 초미세먼지측정기의경제적인제작비용과다양한센서추가용이성은산업현장에초미세먼지측정네트워크 9,10) 를구성하는데크게기여할것으로예상된다. 또한클라우드서버를통한측정데이터의실시간모니터링기능및데이터베이스저장기능은산업현장초미세먼지위험도현황파악및분석에광범위하게활용할수있을것으로예상된다. 감사의글 : 본연구는한성대학교교내연구비지원과제임. References 1) M. Bell et al., Spatial and Temporal Variation in PM2. 5 Chemical Composition in the United States for Health Effects Studies, Environmental Health Perspectives pp , ) M. Budde et al., Enabling Low-cost Particulate Matter Measurement for Participatory Sensing Scenarios Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, pp.19, ) R. Gong, Rose and W. Keryn, A Light Scattering Method to Measure Real-time Particulate Emissions, Australasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 26TH, ) H. Grimm and D. J. Eatough, Aerosol Measurement: the use of Optical Light Scattering for the Determination of Particulate Size Distribution, and Particulate Mass, Including the Semi-volatile Fraction, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 59, Issue 1, p , ) A. Morpurgo et al., A Low-cost Istrument for Environmental Particulate Analysis Based on Optical Scattering, Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), 2012 IEEE International. IEEE, ) J. Somei, Device Specification for Sharp PM2.5 Sensor Module (model no.: DN7C3CA006), com/pdf/data%20sheets/sharp%20pdfs/dn7c3ca006 _Spec.pdf, ) Texas Instrument, PM2.4/PM10 Particle Sensor Analog Front-end for Air Quality Monitoring Design, ti.com/lit/ug/tidub65c/tidub65c.pdf, ) K. Weekly et al., Low-cost Coarse Airborne Particulate Matter Sensing for Indoor Occupancy Detection, IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), pp , ) M. Gao et. al., A Distributed Network of Low-cost Continuous Reading Sensors to Measure Spatiotemporal Variations of PM2.5 in Xi'an, China, Environmental Pollution, pp.56-65, ) D. Palle, Divyavani and K. Aruna, R., Design and Development of CC3200-based CloudIoT for Measuring Humidity and Temperature, International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT) J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 32, No. 1, 2017
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method
More information09È«¼®¿µ5~152s
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.2, 2007, pp.45~52 Measurement of Backscattering Coefficients of Rice Canopy Using a Ground Polarimetric Scatterometer System Suk-Young Hong*, Jin-Young Hong**,
More information인문사회과학기술융합학회
Vol.5, No.5, October (2015), pp.471-479 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.10.50 스마트온실을 위한 가상 외부기상측정시스템 개발 한새론 1), 이재수 2), 홍영기 3), 김국환 4), 김성기 5), 김상철 6) Development of Virtual Ambient Weather Measurement
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Nov.; 26(11), 985991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.11.985 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., -
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Jun.; 29(6), 457463. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.6.457 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Sigma-Delta
More information- 2 -
- 1 - - 2 - 전기자동차충전기기술기준 ( 안 ) - 3 - 1 3 1-1 3 1-2 (AC) 26 1-3 (DC) 31 2 37 3 40-4 - 1 14, 10,, 2 3. 1-1 1. (scope) 600 V (IEC 60038) 500 V. (EV : Electric Vehicle) (PHEV : Plug-in Hybrid EV).. 2. (normative
More information목차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract v Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i
11-1480523-000748-01 배경지역 ( 백령도 ) 에서의 대기오염물질특성연구 (Ⅲ) 기후대기연구부대기환경연구과,,,,,,, Ⅲ 2010 목차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract v Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i 목차 Ⅳ ii 목차 iii 목차 iv 목차 μg m3 μg m3 v 목차 vi Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅰ μm μg m3 1 Ⅰ. 서론 μg m3 μg m3 μg m3 μm 2
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 276), 504511. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.504 ISSN 1226-3133 Print)ISSN 2288-226X Online) Near-Field
More information<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770>
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 15, No. 2 pp. 1051-1058, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2014.15.2.1051 멤리스터의 전기적 특성 분석을 위한 PSPICE 회로 해석 김부강 1, 박호종 2, 박용수 3, 송한정 1*
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jul.; 27(7), 625634. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.7.625 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Near-Field
More information09권오설_ok.hwp
(JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) (Regular Paper) 19 5, 2014 9 (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2014.19.5.656 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a) Reduction
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 28(3),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Mar.; 28(3), 163 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.3.163 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PCB
More informationCoriolis.hwp
MCM Series 주요특징 MaxiFlo TM (맥시플로) 코리올리스 (Coriolis) 질량유량계 MCM 시리즈는 최고의 정밀도를 자랑하며 슬러리를 포함한 액체, 혼합 액체등의 질량 유량, 밀도, 온도, 보정된 부피 유량을 측정할 수 있는 질량 유량계 이다. 단일 액체 또는 2가지 혼합액체를 측정할 수 있으며, 강한 노이즈 에도 견디는 면역성, 높은 정밀도,
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Dec.; 27(12), 1036 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.12.1036 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Feb.; 29(2), 93 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.2.93 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) UHF-HF
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 27(6), 495 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.495 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Design
More information(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) ISSN 228
(JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) (Regular Paper) 1 1, 016 1 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.016.1.1.60 ISSN 87-9137 (Online) ISSN 16-7953 (Print) a), a) An Efficient Method
More information<30345F283439372D353034295F313135375FC0CCB5BFC8F15FB5B5B7CEC5CDB3CEC0C720B0BBB1B8BACE20B0E6B0FCBCB3B0E8B0A120C5CDB3CE20B3BBBACEC1B6B8ED2E687770>
J of Korean Tunn Undergr Sp Assoc 15(5)497-504(2013) eissn: 2287-4747 http://dx.doi.org/10.9711/ktaj.2013.15.5.497 pissn: 2233-8292 도로터널의 갱구부 경관설계가 터널 내부조명에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 이미애 1 ㆍ이동희 2 * 1 아이라이트 대표이사 2
More informationSlide 1
Clock Jitter Effect for Testing Data Converters Jin-Soo Ko Teradyne 2007. 6. 29. 1 Contents Noise Sources of Testing Converter Calculation of SNR with Clock Jitter Minimum Clock Jitter for Testing N bit
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
27(2), 2007, 96-121 S ij k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT j ij i j S ij S ij POP j SEXR j AGER j BEDDAT j k i a i i i L ij = S ij - S ij ---------- S ij S ij = k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2019 Sep.; 30(9), 712 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2019.30.9.712 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) MOS
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Oct.; 27(10),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Oct.; 27(10), 926 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.10.926 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Multi-Function
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words
More information1. Features IR-Compact non-contact infrared thermometer measures the infrared wavelength emitted from the target spot and converts it to standard curr
Non-Contact Infrared Temperature I R - Compact Sensor / Transmitter GASDNA co.,ltd C-910C, Bupyeong Woolim Lion s Valley, #425, Cheongcheon-Dong, Bupyeong-Gu, Incheon, Korea TEL: +82-32-623-7507 FAX: +82-32-623-7510
More information책임연구기관
2009. 2. 책임연구기관 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - 6.3.1 Sample Collection and Analysis 161 6.3.1.1 Sample Collection 161 6.3.1.2 Sample Analysis 161 6.3.2 Results 162 6.3.2.1 Dalian 162 6.3.2.2 Xiamen 163 6.3.3
More information8-VSB (Vestigial Sideband Modulation)., (Carrier Phase Offset, CPO) (Timing Frequency Offset),. VSB, 8-PAM(pulse amplitude modulation,, ) DC 1.25V, [2
VSB a), a) An Alternative Carrier Phase Independent Symbol Timing Offset Estimation Methods for VSB Receivers Sung Soo Shin a) and Joon Tae Kim a) VSB. VSB.,,., VSB,. Abstract In this paper, we propose
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 26(10),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Sep.; 26(10), 907 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.10.907 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Prediction
More information달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있
대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준
More information에너지경제연구 제13권 제1호
에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 13, Number 1, March 2014 : pp. 83~119 거시계량모형을이용한유가변동및 유류세변화의파급효과분석 * 83 84 85 86 [ 그림 1] 모형의해결정과정 87 [ 그림 2] 거시계량모형의흐름도 (flow chart) 88 89 < 표 1> 유류세현황 (2013
More information09이훈열ok(163-
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.27, No.2, 2011, pp.163~170 Change of Refractive Index of Air in X-band due to Atmospheric Humidity, Temperature and Pressure measured by GB-SAR Interferometry Jae-Hee
More information(Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern (Micro- Environment) Re
EMF Health Effect 2003 10 20 21-29 2-10 - - ( ) area spot measurement - - 1 (Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina
More information10(3)-12.fm
w y wz 10«3y 273~280 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment p yá xá½k w y œw (2010 9 15, 2010 12 2 k) Analysis of Characteristics of Delivered Nonpoint Source Pollution at Forested Watershed
More information<313920C0CCB1E2BFF82E687770>
韓 國 電 磁 波 學 會 論 文 誌 第 19 卷 第 8 號 2008 年 8 月 論 文 2008-19-8-19 K 대역 브릭형 능동 송수신 모듈의 설계 및 제작 A Design and Fabrication of the Brick Transmit/Receive Module for K Band 이 기 원 문 주 영 윤 상 원 Ki-Won Lee Ju-Young Moon
More information<31325FB1E8B0E6BCBA2E687770>
88 / 한국전산유체공학회지 제15권, 제1호, pp.88-94, 2010. 3 관내 유동 해석을 위한 웹기반 자바 프로그램 개발 김 경 성, 1 박 종 천 *2 DEVELOPMENT OF WEB-BASED JAVA PROGRAM FOR NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF PIPE FLOW K.S. Kim 1 and J.C. Park *2 In general,
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 16 Jul.; 27(7), 64662. http://dx.doi.org/./kjkiees.16.27.7.646 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226 (Online) 2D Microwave Image
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although
More information<313630313032C6AFC1FD28B1C7C7F5C1DF292E687770>
양성자가속기연구센터 양성자가속기 개발 및 운영현황 DOI: 10.3938/PhiT.25.001 권혁중 김한성 Development and Operational Status of the Proton Linear Accelerator at the KOMAC Hyeok-Jung KWON and Han-Sung KIM A 100-MeV proton linear accelerator
More information14.531~539(08-037).fm
G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked
More information°í¼®ÁÖ Ãâ·Â
Performance Optimization of SCTP in Wireless Internet Environments The existing works on Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) was focused on the fixed network environment. However, the number of
More information서강대학교 기초과학연구소대학중점연구소 심포지엄기초과학연구소
2012 년도기초과학연구소 대학중점연구소심포지엄 마이크로파센서를이용한 혈당측정연구 일시 : 2012 년 3 월 20 일 ( 화 ) 14:00~17:30 장소 : 서강대학교과학관 1010 호 주최 : 서강대학교기초과학연구소 Contents Program of Symposium 2 Non-invasive in vitro sensing of D-glucose in
More information에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 17, Number 2, September 2018 : pp. 1~29 정책 용도별특성을고려한도시가스수요함수의 추정 :, ARDL,,, C4, Q4-1 -
에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 17, Number 2, September 2018 : pp. 1~29 정책 용도별특성을고려한도시가스수요함수의 추정 :, ARDL,,, C4, Q4-1 - . - 2 - . 1. - 3 - [ 그림 1] 도시가스수요와실질 GDP 추이 - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - < 표 1>
More informationhwp
100% Concentration rate (%) 95% 90% 85% 80% 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 Time (min) Control box of RS485 Driving part Control trigger Control box of driving car Diaphragm Lens of camera Illumination
More information10(3)-10.fm
w y wz 10«3y 259~264 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w gj p p y Á Á½k * w m œw Á* w y œw (2010 9 28, 2010 10 12 k) Characteristics of Antiwashout Underwater Concrete for Reduction
More informationPJTROHMPCJPS.hwp
제 출 문 농림수산식품부장관 귀하 본 보고서를 트위스트 휠 방식 폐비닐 수거기 개발 과제의 최종보고서로 제출 합니다. 2008년 4월 24일 주관연구기관명: 경 북 대 학 교 총괄연구책임자: 김 태 욱 연 구 원: 조 창 래 연 구 원: 배 석 경 연 구 원: 김 승 현 연 구 원: 신 동 호 연 구 원: 유 기 형 위탁연구기관명: 삼 생 공 업 위탁연구책임자:
More information12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 77-81 y w» e wx Á w œw Fabrication of Ceramic Batch Composition for Porcelain by Using Recycled Waste Ceramic Powder Hyun Guen Han, and
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Nov.; 26(11), 978 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.11.978 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Transceiver
More information???? 1
The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial
More informationÆ÷Àå½Ã¼³94š
Cho, Mun Jin (E-mail: mjcho@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The performance of tack coat, commonly used for layer interface bonding, is affected by application rate and curing time. In this study, bonding
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
e- 비즈니스연구 (The e-business Studies) Volume 17, Number 1, February, 28, 2016:pp. 293~316 ISSN 1229-9936 (Print), ISSN 2466-1716 (Online) 원고접수일심사 ( 수정 ) 게재확정일 2015. 12. 04 2015. 12. 24 2016. 02. 25 ABSTRACT
More information04 김영규.hwp
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 214 Nov.; 25(11), 1121 1127. http://dx.doi.org/1.5515/kjkiees.214.25.11.1121 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Planar
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 28(2),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Feb.; 28(2), 129138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.2.129 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PT- Doppler
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 26(12),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Dec.; 26(12), 1100 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.12.1100 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)
More information-
World Top 10 by 2030 CONTENTS CONTENTS 02 03 PRESIDENT S MESSAGE 04 05 VISION GOALS VISION GOALS STRATEGIES 06 07 HISTORY 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 08 09 UNIST POWER 10 11 MPI USTC UNIST UCI UTD U-M GT
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jan.; 26(1),
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Jan.; 26(1), 113118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.1.113 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) A Retro-Directive
More information- 1 -
- 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - σ σ σ σ σ σ σ - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - log - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - m ax m ax - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - tan - 18 - - 19 - tan tan - 20 -
More informationMicrosoft Word - 1-차우창.doc
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea Vol. 28, No. 2 pp.1-8, May 2009 1 하이브리드 환경하의 인간기계시스템 제어실 평가에 관한 연구 차 우 창 김 남 철 금오공과대학교 산업시스템공학과 A Study of the Evaluation for the Control Room in Human Machine
More information저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할
저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,
More information대경테크종합카탈로그
The Series Pendulum Impact 601 & 602 Analog Tester For Regular DTI-602B (Izod) DTI-601 (Charpy) DTI-602A (Izod) SPECIFICATIONS Model DTI-601 DTI-602 Type Charpy for plastics lzod for plastics Capacity
More information철도원 7,8 월
2009 vol.26 July.August. 2009 vol.26 THEMES - TRENDS 2009.07+08 Vol.026 04 08 12 14 16 19 22 THEMES 28 33 40 46 56 TRENDS 64 70 75 On the rail Time Transfixed Rene Magritte 04 KOREAN RAIL TECHNOLOGY 2009+01+02
More information실험 5
실험. OP Amp 의기초회로 Inverting Amplifier OP amp 를이용한아래와같은 inverting amplifier 회로를고려해본다. ( 그림 ) Inverting amplifier 위의회로에서 OP amp의 입력단자는 + 입력단자와동일한그라운드전압, 즉 0V를유지한다. 또한 OP amp 입력단자로흘러들어가는전류는 0 이므로, 저항에흐르는전류는다음과같다.
More information서론 34 2
34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of
More information433대지05박창용
Recent Changes in Summer Precipitation Characteristics over South Korea Changyong Park* JaYeon Moon** Eun-Jeong Cha*** Won-Tae Yun**** Youngeun Choi***** 1958 2007 6 9 6 9 10 10 10 10 10 Abstract This
More informationuntitled
Huvitz Digital Microscope HDS-5800 Dimensions unit : mm Huvitz Digital Microscope HDS-5800 HDS-MC HDS-SS50 HDS-TS50 SUPERIORITY Smart Optical Solutions for You! Huvitz Digital Microscope HDS-5800 Contents
More information<333820B1E8C8AFBFEB2D5A6967626565B8A620C0CCBFEBC7D120BDC7BFDC20C0A7C4A1C3DFC1A42E687770>
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 1 pp. 306-310, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.1.306 Zigbee를 이용한 실외 위치추정 시스템 구현 김환용 1*, 임순자 1 1 원광대학교 전자공학과 Implementation
More information04김호걸(39~50)ok
Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment, Vol. 22, No. 1(2013) pp.39~50 Prediction of Landslides Occurrence Probability under Climate Change using MaxEnt Model Kim, Hogul* Lee, Dong-Kun** Mo, Yongwon*
More information08김현휘_ok.hwp
(Regular Paper) 21 3, 2016 5 (JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2016.21.3.369 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a), a) An Audio Coding Technique Employing the Inter-channel
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
박건수 *, 서태영 **, 김종욱 *** ". 요약 Abstract The induction melting furnace using electric generator has been introduced since 1920s, and it began to be widely applied to industrial applications due to increasing
More informationAnalysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ
Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]
More informationÆ÷Àå82š
Yun, Ilsoo (E-mail : ilsooyun@ajou.ac.kr) Oh, Cheol (E-mail : cheolo@hanyang.ac.k) Ahn, Hyunkyung (E-mail : anhyunkyung@ajou.ac.kr) Kim, Kyunghyun (E-mail : kk6661@ajou.ac.kr) Han, Eum (E-mail : hano3106@ajou.ac.kr)
More information歯1.PDF
200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)
More information10 이지훈KICS2015-03-068.hwp
논문 15-40-05-10 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-05 Vol.40 No.05 http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2015.40.5.851 가로등 인프라를 활용한 안전한 스마트 방범 시스템 차 정 화, 이 주 용 *, 이
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:21~34 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/19, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] With the development of the Internet,
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social
More informationLumbar spine
Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical
More informationRRH Class-J 5G [2].,. LTE 3G [3]. RRH, W-CDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), 3G, LTE. RRH RF, RF. 1 RRH, CPRI(Common Public Radio Interface)
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Mar.; 26(3), 276 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.3.276 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) RRH
More information. 서론,, [1]., PLL.,., SiGe, CMOS SiGe CMOS [2],[3].,,. CMOS,.. 동적주파수분할기동작조건분석 3, Miller injection-locked, static. injection-locked static [4]., 1/n 그림
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Feb.; 27(2), 170175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.2.170 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.157-176 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.157 NCS : * A Study on the NCS Learning Module Problem Analysis and Effective
More informationPage 2 of 9 PIN Definition 먼지흡입구 PIN Definition No Definition Description 1 NOP N/A 2 5V Power Supply Input (+5V) 3 NOP N/A 4 NOP N/A 5 GND GND 6 TX U
Page 1 of 9 Laser Particle Sensor Module PM2003 제품이미지는참고용이며, 실제제품과는약간의차이가있을수있습니다. 제품설명 레이저타입의측정방식 각각다른크기의먼지수량측정가능 (0.3μm, 2.5μm, 10μm ) 각먼지의수량을간단한변환공식으로농도로표현가능.(page7 참고 ) 디지털통신으로손쉽게결과값을받아올수있습니다 (UART)
More informationexample code are examined in this stage The low pressure pressurizer reactor trip module of the Plant Protection System was programmed as subject for
2003 Development of the Software Generation Method using Model Driven Software Engineering Tool,,,,, Hoon-Seon Chang, Jae-Cheon Jung, Jae-Hack Kim Hee-Hwan Han, Do-Yeon Kim, Young-Woo Chang Wang Sik, Moon
More informationMicrosoft Word - SRA-Series Manual.doc
사 용 설 명 서 SRA Series Professional Power Amplifier MODEL No : SRA-500, SRA-900, SRA-1300 차 례 차 례 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 안전지침 / 주의사항 -----------------------------------------------------------
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
논문 10-35-03-03 한국통신학회논문지 '10-03 Vol. 35 No. 3 원활한 채널 변경을 지원하는 효율적인 IPTV 채널 관리 알고리즘 준회원 주 현 철*, 정회원 송 황 준* Effective IPTV Channel Control Algorithm Supporting Smooth Channel Zapping HyunChul Joo* Associate
More informationAbstract Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Pro t e c t i o n Jung-Im Yoo, Jung-Wan Koo 1 ) Angio Unit, Team of Radiology,
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 5 : 1031~1039 May. 2015 정보보호 산업의 경제적 파급효과 및 기여도 분석 김방룡 1 홍재표 2* Economic
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:3~20 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/27, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] This study aims to comprehensively analyze
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
e- 비즈니스연구 (The e-business Studies) Volume 17, Number 3, June, 30, 2016:pp. 93~116 ISSN 1229-9936 (Print), ISSN 2466-1716 (Online) 원고접수일심사 ( 수정 ) 게재확정일 2016. 06. 12 2016. 06. 20 2016. 06. 26 ABSTRACT e-
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education
More information<4D6963726F736F667420506F776572506F696E74202D2028B9DFC7A5BABB2920C5C2BEE7B1A420B8F0B5E220C8BFC0B220BDC7C1F520BDC3BDBAC5DB5FC7D1B1B94E4920C0B1B5BFBFF85F3230313020505620576F726C6420466F72756D>
태양광 모듈 효율 실증 테스트 시스템 National Instrument Korea 전략마케팅 / 팀장 윤 동 원 1 회사 소개 소재: 미국 텍사스 오스틴 설립일: 1976년 지사 및 직원: 40여 개국의 지사, 4,300명의 직원 2007년 매출: $740M R&D 투자: 1) 사업비의 16% R&D 투자 2) 1,400명 이상의 R&D인력 대표 제품: LabVIEW,
More information조사연구 권 호 연구논문 한국노동패널조사자료의분석을위한패널가중치산출및사용방안사례연구 A Case Study on Construction and Use of Longitudinal Weights for Korea Labor Income Panel Survey 2)3) a
조사연구 권 호 연구논문 한국노동패널조사자료의분석을위한패널가중치산출및사용방안사례연구 A Case Study on Construction and Use of Longitudinal Weights for Korea Labor Income Panel Survey 2)3) a) b) 조사연구 주제어 패널조사 횡단면가중치 종단면가중치 선형혼합모형 일반화선형혼 합모형
More information<B8F1C2F72E687770>
Transactions of the KSNVE, 23(12) : 1056~1065, 2013 23 12, pp. 1056~1065, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5050/ksnve.2013.23.12.1056 ISSN 1598-2785(Print), ISSN 2287-5476(Online) A Study on the Improvement Plan
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.65-89 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.65 * Suggestions of Ways to Improve Teaching Practicum Based on the Experiences
More information04 최진규.hwp
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Aug.; 26(8), 710717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.8.710 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) RF ESPAR
More information학습영역의 Taxonomy에 기초한 CD-ROM Title의 효과분석
,, Even the short history of the Web system, the techniques related to the Web system have b een developed rapidly. Yet, the quality of the Webbased application software has not improved. For this reason,
More informationPowerPoint Presentation
실험 7. 생체온도및손가락힘측정 Force sensing resistor (FSR) Thermistor 실험절차 압력센서의종류 특징기계식센서고분자센서전기식 / 반도체센서 외형 측정대상 기체 / 액체 큰하중 미세변동 측정면적 중 / 대면적 중면적 소면적 가격 중 고 고 융합도 저 고 중 활용도 저 중 중 압력측정방식의비교 Type Data Pros Cons Piezo-capacitive
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 27, no. 8, Aug [3]. ±90,.,,,, 5,,., 0.01, 0.016, 99 %... 선형간섭
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Aug.; 27(8), 693700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.8.693 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Design
More information歯AG-MX70P한글매뉴얼.PDF
120 V AC, 50/60 Hz : 52 W (with no optional accessories installed), indicates safety information. 70 W (with all optional accessories installed) : : (WxHxD) : : 41 F to 104 F (+ 5 C to + 40 C) Less than
More information±è¼ºÃ¶ Ãâ·Â-1
Localization Algorithms Using Wireless Communication Systems For efficient Localization Based Services, development of accurate localization algorithm has to be preceded. In this paper, research trend
More information09구자용(489~500)
The Study on the Grid Size Regarding Spatial Interpolation for Local Climate Maps* Cha Yong Ku** Young Ho Shin*** Jae-Won Lee**** Hee-Soo Kim*****.,...,,,, Abstract : Recent global warming and abnormal
More information