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1 J Korean Surg Soc 2009;77: DOI: /jkss 증 례 돼지진피아교질 (Porcine Dermal Collagen, Permacol R ) 로만든삽입물을이용한오염된근막결손의재건 경희대학교의과대학외과학교실 최성일ㆍ이길연ㆍ박선진ㆍ이석환 Experience with Porcine Acellular Dermal Collagen (Permacol R ) Implant in Contaminated Fascia Defects Sung Il Choi, M.D., Ph.D., Kil Yeon Lee, M.D., Ph.D., Sun Jin Park, M.D., Suk-Hwan Lee, M.D. Department of Surgery, KyungHee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Reconstruction of the fascia defect, especially complicated one is challenging problem. We report our experiences of porcine acellular dermal collagen (Permacol R ) in contaminated fascia defects. Three patients with contaminated fascia defect were reconstructed using Permacol R. Permacol R was fixed to fascia with 2-0 polypropylene sutures and at least 2 cm of the implant was allowed to overlap the defect. Types of fascia defect consisted of large parastomal hernia in rectal cancer patients, multiple enterocutaneous fistulas in Crohn s disease and evisceration due to surgical site infection. Postoperative complication was 1 case of graft infection in a Crohn s disease patient, but infection was controlled using antibiotics. (J Korean Surg Soc 2009;77: ) Key Words: Permacol R, Fascia defect, Reconstruction 중심단어 : 퍼마콜, 근막결손, 재건술 서 복벽의조직결손특히근막결손은외상, 복벽종양의절제, 절개탈장등의원인으로생기며외과영역에서드물지않게만나게된다. 이러한복벽결손이있을때일차봉합을시행하는경우조직간에긴장도가높아재발이높고통증도심하다. 그래서대부분의복벽결손에대한재건술에인공그물을사용하고있고이것은개복이나복강경수술을통해이루어진다. 창상탈장의재발은인공그물을사용한후 3 24% 까지낮아졌다.(1) 하지만이러한인공그물을이용한탈장수술은염증, 누공및피부진무름의합병증 책임저자 : 이길연, 서울시동대문구회기동 1 번지 , 경희의료원외과 Tel: , Fax: isaac34@korea.com 접수일 :2008 년 10 월 23 일, 게재승인일 :2009 년 3 월 5 일 론 이발생할가능성이있다. 또한오염된상처에서는감염될위험성이있어사용에많은제약이있다. 최근에는생합성으로만들어진인공삽입물을생산하게되었다. Permacol R 은돼지조직에서세포나 DNA, RNA 등의비교원질성물질을제거하여만든돼지진피교원질로인체조직과매우유사한성질을가지고있다. Permacol R 은최근미국 FDA에서복벽재건에대해사용을승인받았고, 생체학적인안정성과염증반응에의강한저항성으로오염된부위의적용에도우수한결과가보고되고있다.(2) 국내에는 Permacol R 을이용한복벽근막의결손을재건한보고가없다. 이에저자들은 Permacol R 을사용하여오염된근막결손을재건한 3예에대한임상결과를문헌고찰과함께보고하는바이다. 216

2 Sung Il Choi, et al:experience with Porcine Acellular Dermal Collagen (Permacol R ) Implant in Contaminated Fascia Defects 217 증례증례 1 79세여자로직장암으로복회음절제술후 8 6 cm 크기의장루주위탈장이발생하였다. 장루주위에발생한탈장을장루주위로절개하고이전수술의반흔을절개하였다. 장루주변의근막경계부를정확히확인하고박리하였다. Permacol R 을모자모양으로만들어장루에모자를씌우듯이설치하는 Top Hat 방법으로탈장을교정하였다 (Fig. 1). 수술시간은약 105분이소요되었고수술후합병증은없었다. 수술전예방적항생제로세포티암 (Cefeotiam) 을수술전과수술후 1일까지사용하였다. 환자는수술후 5일째퇴원하였다. 증례 2 외부병원에서크론병으로치료받고있는 38세남자로회장루주위에발생한다발성장피누공을가지고있는환자이다. 수술은반대편복벽에회장루를새로조성후일차봉합이불가능한이전의회장루부위의복벽결손부위를 Permacol R 을 5 10 cm 크기두겹으로근막에고정하여복벽결손을재건하였다 (Fig. 2). 수술시간은약 200분이소요되었고수술후합병증으로는이식한 Permacol R 에서발생한감염이있었다. 이감염은세포티암 (Cefeotiam) 을사용하여치료하였다. 환자는수술후 2주후퇴원하였다. 증례 3 75세여자로수술후 7일째창상감염에의한장기탈출로 9 4 cm 크기의 Permacol R 을근막에고정하여수술을시행하였다 (Fig. 3). 상처감염으로인한열개창 (dehisced wound) Fig. 1. Reconstruction of parastomal hernia using Permacol R - Top Hat method. (A) The Top hat using Permacol R. (B) Parastomal hernia is seen before reconstruction. (C) Parastomal protrusion corrected after reconstruction.

3 218 J Korean Surg Soc. Vol. 77, No. 3 Fig. 2. Using Permacol R for reconstruction of contaminated abdominal wall defect with multiple enterocutaneous fistula in Crohn s disease. (A) Multiple enterocutaneous fistulas around ileostomy is seen. (B) Ileostomy is taken down and debridement is done on fistulous tracts. (C) Ileostomy is relocated in RLQ and previous ileostomy site is reconstructed with Permacol R. Fig. 3. Reconstruction of Wound Evisceration due to wound infection using Permacol R. (A) Evisceration is caused by wound infection. (B) Abdominal wall defect with infection is reconstructed using Permacol R.

4 Sung Il Choi, et al:experience with Porcine Acellular Dermal Collagen (Permacol R ) Implant in Contaminated Fascia Defects 219 의오염된조직과괴사된조직은생리식염수와항생제를섞어세척하였다. 전근막층을통해주변을박리한후 Permacol R 을크기에맞게절단한후근막의경계부와최소 2 cm 이상겹치게덮은후 2-0 polypropylene을이용하여봉합을시행하였다. 수술시간은약 100분이소요되었으며수술후합병증은없었다. 고찰 탈장을포함한복벽결손은외과의사가자주접하는질환이다. 이러한복벽결손을일차봉합을시행하여교정하는것은재발이높고통증을야기할수있다. 최근에는이러한복벽결손을인공그물을이용하여봉합함으로써통증및재발률을낮추고있다. 이러한인공그물에는 polypropylene, polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene 등이있고이인공그물은주변조직의성장을유도한다. 하지만합병증으로심한유착이나만성적인이물반응, 장의미란, 누공그리고감염등이발생할수있으며시간이지나면서인공그물의이동이나수축등이나타날수있다.(3) 또한오염된조직에서는사용할경우감염의위험이높으며결국인공그물을제거해야하는경우가많다.(4) 1998년영국에서개발된 Permacol R 은돼지피부로부터추출된무세포성진피로면역반응의원인이되는세포성과비교원성잔해를제거하여생체내에서분해에견딜수있게만들어졌다.(5) Permacol R 은삼차원적인콜라겐구조를가지고있으며사람의진피와매우유사하다. Permacol R 은주변섬유아세포의성장을유도하고혈관신생을도와영구적으로환자의조직에융합된다. 또한동물실험에서 Permacol R 은이식 90일째까지 polypropylene과동일한장력을나타내며, 혈관신생이가능하여항생제침투가가능하다. 그러므로오염이있는조직을보강하는이상적인조직으로보인다.(6) 하지만 Petter- Puchner 등 (7) 은쥐를이용한동물실험에서 Permacol R 을사용하여탈장을수술한경우조직반응이심하고혈관생성은보이지않았으며실험쥐의조직에잘융합되지않았다고하였다. 임상결과보고에서 Shaikh 등 (8) 은급성또는만성복벽결손환자 20예를 Permacol R 을이용하여재건하여 3예에서재발된결과를보여주었다. 만성복벽결손은일차절개탈장과재발된절개탈장이있었으며급성복벽결손은교액성절개탈장, 수차례반복한개복술로인한절개탈장, 다발성자상, 그리고데스모이드종양절제로인한복벽결손등이있었다. 수술후합병증으로는창상장액종, 염증, 혈 종, 피부괴사등이있었으며급성복벽결손재건술에서더많은빈도를보였다. 본연구에서는크론병환자에서이식판부위에감염이있었으나항생제를사용하여치료가능하였다. Parker 등 (4) 도 9예의복벽결손환자를 Permacol R 을이용하여재건하여 1예의재발을나타내었다. 이연구에서는 9예중 5예에서오염된복벽결손이있었다. 한편복잡한직장질루에대한치료로 Permacol R 을사용하는연구도진행되고있다. Moore 등 (9) 이 2예의직장질루환자에서돼지진피를이용한재건을성공적으로시행하였고, Ellis(10) 는생보형물 (Bioprosthetics) 을사용한직장질루재건술과기존의전진피판재건술을비교하여생보형물을이용한재건술이재발이더적은것을확인하였다. 다만이연구는추적관찰기간이평균 10개월로짧은편이었다. 본연구기간중직장질루환자 3예에서 Permacol R 을이용한재건술을시행하였으나모두실패하였다. 아마도직장암으로근치술과방사선치료후발생한직장질루로주변조직이단단하고섬유화가진행되어주변의조직세포가자라들어오기힘들었을가능성이있었거나, 혈관공급이불량할가능성그리고좁은시야에서진행되는수술로주변조직에정확한고정이어려웠을가능성이있다. 복잡한직장질루에서 Permacol R 을사용한재건술은추가적인연구가필요할것이다. 이상에서오염된부위나복강내장기가노출되는부위에서 Permacol R 을이용한복벽재건은효과적이라고생각한다. 그러나향후더많은증례에대한연구와재발과합병증에대한추적관찰이필요할것으로생각된다. REFERENCES 1) Buinewicz B, Rosen B. Acellular cadaveric dermis (Allo- Derm): a new alternative for abdominal hernia repair. Ann Plast Surg 2004;52: ) Harper C. Permacol: clinical experience with a new biomaterial. Hosp Med 2001;62: ) Cassar K, Munro A. Surgical treatment of incisional hernia. Br J Surg 2002;89: ) Parker DM, Armstrong PJ, Frizzi JD, North JH Jr. Porcine dermal collagen (Permacol) for abdominal wall reconstruction. Curr Surg 2006;63: ) MacLeod TM, Sarathchandra P, Williams G, Sanders R, Green CJ. Evaluation of a porcine origin acellular dermal matrix and small intestinal submucosa as dermal replacements in preventing secondary skin graft contraction. Burns 2004;30: ) Zheng F, Lin Y, Verbeken E, Claerhout F, Fastrez M, De Ridder D, et al. Host response after reconstruction of abdomi-

5 220 J Korean Surg Soc. Vol. 77, No. 3 nal wall defects with porcine dermal collagen in a rat model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191: ) Petter-Puchner AH, Fortelny RH, Walder N, Mittermayr R, Ohlinger W, van Griensven M, et al. Adverse effects associated with the use of porcine cross-linked collagen implants in an experimental model of incisional hernia repair. J Surg Res 2008;145: ) Shaikh FM, Giri SK, Durrani S, Waldron D, Grace PA. Experience with porcine acellular dermal collagen implant in one-stage tension-free reconstruction of acute and chronic abdominal wall defects. World J Surg 2007;31: ) Moore RD, Miklos JR, Kohli N. Rectovaginal fistula repair using a porcine dermal graft. Obstet Gynecol 2004;104: ) Ellis CN. Outcomes after repair of rectovaginal fistulas using bioprosthetics. Dis Colon Rectum 2008;51:

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