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1 대한안과학회지 2010 년제 51 권제 12 호 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(12): pissn: eissn: DOI : /jkos = 증례보고 = 40 프리즘디옵터이상의외사시에서수술전예측한수술후사시각의정확성 이병희 1 이종욱 1 이정호 1 오동렬 2 이규원 1 권정윤 1 제일안과병원 1, 임 & 오안과의원 2 목적 : 40 프리즘디옵터 (PD) 이상의외사시환자에서수술전교정하고자한양과실제수술후교정된양의편차를알아보고자하였다. 대상과방법 : 두명의술자에의해두개의수평근수술을시행하여 6 개월이상경과관찰을시행한 61 명을대상으로수술전예측한술후사시각과술후 6 주째잔여사시각의편차를측정하여수술전예측한교정량의정확성을알아보았으며, 수술성공률을분석하였다. 결과 : 40 에서 60PD 미만인외사시에서예측치의정확성은 97.8% 로 60PD 이상인경우 (62.5%) 보다높았으며, 60PD 이상인경우에서교정하고자한양보다많은양이교정된경우가 4 안에서관찰되었다. 수술의성공률은술후 6 개월과 1 년에서각각 40-50PD 미만에서는 96.8%, 94.7%, 50-60PD 미만에서는 71.4%, 60.0%, 60PD 이상인외사시에서 50.0%, 45.5% 이었으며, 두술자간성공률및예측도의정확성의차이는없었다. 결론 : 40 에서 60PD 미만인외사시에서는두개의수평근수술로 60PD 이상인경우보다수술결과를정확히예측할수있었고높은수술성공률을보이므로효과적인것으로생각된다. < 대한안과학회지 2010;51(12): > 외사시의수술적치료방법에는양안외직근후전술과단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술이주로시행되고있으며그효과는대체적으로차이가없는것으로알려져있다. 1,2 사시각이 40PD 이내의외사시경우는비교적수술량이잘정립되어있어성공적인수술이가능한것으로보고되어있다. 그러나 40PD 이상의사시각이큰외사시의경우는수술자의경험에따라수술량을가감하여시행하고있으며비교적수술성공률이떨어지는것으로알려져있고 2,3 수술방법도아직까지논란이되고있는데, 특히사시수술을시행하는초심자에게는수술결과의예측이어려울수있으며또한이런환자와의사전면담에서큰부담이될수있다. 현재까지큰외사시각을보이는경우에 3~4개의수평근을동시에수술하는것이좋다는견해 4 와 2개의수평근을최대로교정한다음잔여사시가있을경우 2차수술을시행하는것을권유하는견해가있다. 5,6 2개의수평근을수술하는방법은최소한의외안근을수술하며수술후잔여 접수일 : 2010 년 4 월 13 일 심사통과일 : 2010 년 11 월 23 일 책임저자 : 이정호대구시동구신암동 제일안과병원 Tel: , Fax: eyejholee@hanmail.net * 본논문의요지는 2008 년대한안과학회제 99 회학술대회에서구연으로발표되었음. 사시각에대한이차적인수술이수월한장점이있다. 5,6 그러나교정효과가부족한경우에는시간이경과할수록사시각이증가하는경향이있어서사시각이큰외사시로나타날가능성이있다. 한편한번에 3-4개의수평근을수술하는방법은술자에게부담일수있으나사시각이큰경우, 특히 70PD 이상의외사시의경우 4개의수평근수술이필요하며성공률도높다고보고되어져있다. 4 따라서사시각이큰외사시에서예측치가높은수술량이정해질수있다면한번의수술로도교정할수있으므로시간적으로나비용적으로더욱효과적일수있으며, 특히초심자에게는도움이될것으로여겨진다. 이에본연구에서는 40PD 이상의사시각이큰외사시에서서로다른두수술자 (Oh and Lee) 에의해두개의수평근을수술하고수술전교정하고자한양과실제수술후교정된양의편차를측정하여수술전예측한교정량의정확성을알아봄으로써 40PD 이상의외사시에서두개의수평근수술의효과를알아보고수술자에따른차이가있는지알아보고자하였다. 대상과방법 2002년 1월부터 2009년 5월까지 40PD 이상의외사시로두개의수평근수술을시행받고, 6개월이상경과관찰이가능했던 61명을대상으로후향적연구를실시하였다. 대
2 - 이병희외 : 40PD 이상의외사시의수술결과 - 상환자에는기본형이나유사개산과다형, 감각외사시로국한하였으며마비사시, 사시각이일정하지않은사시, A 혹은 V pattern 사시, 듀안안구후퇴증후군과상사시, 회선사시혹은안진이복합된경우등은연구에서제외하였다. 과거병력상양안외직근후전술을시행하고난후내직근절제술을시행한 3명은 1차수술이본저자들에의해시행된경우가아니었으나본연구의목적이수술전교정할양을미리예측하고실제로수술후교정된양과의차이를보는것이므로대상에포함하여분석하였다. 대상자의나이, 성별, 시력, 술전원거리및근거리사시각, 사시수술량, 수술후 6주, 6개월및 1년째사시각, 수술전예측한교정량과술후실제로교정된양과의차이, 마지막내원시잔여사시각, 합병증, 경과관찰기간을조사하였다. 사시각측정은제일안위에서 5미터거리에서, 근거리사시각은 33 cm 거리에물체를주시한후측정되었다. 대부분교대프리즘가림검사를이용하여사시각을측정하였으며한눈시력저하인환자는크림스키프리즘검사법으로측정하였다. 50PD 보다큰사시각의경우는두눈에프리즘을각각위치시켜사시각을측정하여프리즘효과를최소화하였고이러한경우에실제사시각은 Thompson and Guyton 7 보고에의거하여구하였다. 사시수술량은 Kenneth W. Wright 8 가추천한수술량을기준으로하여원거리사시각을기준으로수술자에의해가감하여시행하였다 (Table 1). 모든비교분석은원거리사시각을기준으로하였고, 외사시수술후외사시쪽으로의움직임은첫 6주이내에일어나고그이후안정된다는보고를 9,10 바탕으로수술전교정하고자한양과수술후 6주째측정한사시각을기준으로하여실제교정된양의편차를 구하여 ± 10PD 이내인경우, 10PD 이상과교정된경우, 10PD 이상저교정된경우세가지로나누어분석하여수술결과예측의정확성을분석하였으며, 수술성공은술후 6개월, 1년째원거리사시각이 ± 10PD이내로정의하였다. 결과 대상환자 61명의평균나이는 33.2 ± 16.8세 (3~74 세 ) 이며성별분포는남자는 30명, 여자는 31명이었고, 수술후평균추적관찰기간은 14.3 ± 11.8개월 (6~48 개월 ) 이었다. 수술방법은단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술이 53안, 양안외직근후전술이 5안, 양안내직근절제술이 3안이었다. 대상자의술전사시각은평균 51.9 ± 13.0PD였으며사시수술의평균교정량은 48.7 ± 10.0PD였다 (Table 2). 수술전사시각을기준으로예측된술후사시각과술후 6주째측정한실제잔여사시각사이의편차가 10PD 이내인경우는 40PD 이상 50PD 미만에서는 31명모두가, 50PD 이상 60PD 미만에서는 14명중 13명이었고, 1명이예측된교정량보다저교정되었다. 그러나, 60PD 이상인환자에서는평균차이가 10.2 ± 7.4PD로 16명중 10명 (62.5%) 에서 10PD 이내에해당되었고 4명이예측된교정량보다많은교정량을보였으며, 2명이예측된교정량보다적은교정량을보였으나, 전체대상에서수술자간교정량의예측의정확성에유의한차이는없었다 (p=0.84) (Table 3, Fig. 1). 예측한교정량보다실제로많은교정량을보이는경우를각각살펴보면 Oh의경우첫째로 40세여자로원거리사시각은 75PD 외사시였으며 55PD을교정할계획으로외직근후전술 10 mm, 내직근절제술 6 mm 시행하였으며술후 Table 1. Surgical guidelines Deviation (PD * ) Bilateral recession of Unilateral recession of lateral rectus/ Bilateral resection of lateral rectus resection of medial rectus medial rectus 40PD 8.0~8.5 mm 8.0~8.5 mm/5.0~5.5 mm 5.5 mm 45PD 9.0 mm 8.5~9.0 mm/5.5~6.0 mm 50PD 9.0 mm/5.5~6.0 mm 6.0 mm 55PD 8.5~9.5 mm/6.0 mm > 60PD 9.0~10.0 mm/6.0~6.5mm 6.0 mm * PD=Prism diopters. Table 2. Demographics of patients with large angle exotropia Oh Lee Total Number of patients Age (year) (range) 29.9 ± 16.3 (3-62) 38.3 ± 3.4 (7-74) 33.2 ± 16.8 (3~74) Sex (male/female) 17/20 13/11 30/31 Preoperative deviation (PD *, Mean±SD) 49.1 ± 10.6 (40-78) 56.2 ± 15.2 (40-94) 51.9 ± 13.0 (40~94) Corrected deviation (PD *, Mean±SD) 46.8 ± 9.5 (30-72) 51.6 ± 10.2 (40-84) 48.7 ± 10.0 (30~84) Follow-up (months) 17.8 ± 13.5 (6-48) 8.8 ± 5.2 (6-30) 14.3 ± 11.8 (6~48) * PD = Prism diopters; Oh, Lee = Operator
3 - 대한안과학회지 2010 년제 51 권제 12 호 - Table 3. Discrepancy between preoperatively estimated residual deviation and residual deviation at postoperative 6 weeks in exotropia with over 40PD Preoperative deviation Operator Number of patients Amount of deviation to correct (PD * ) Discrepancy between estimated residual and postoperative deviations No. (%) within ±10PD Overcorrected Undercorrected 13 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh Lee 4 4 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 45 Lee 4 4 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh 3 2 (66.7) 0 (0) 1 (33.3) 50 Lee 6 6 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh 3 3 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 50 or 60 Lee 2 2 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh 8 5 (62.5) 2 (25.0) 1 (12.5) 50 or 55 or 60 Lee 8 5 (62.5) 2 (25.0) 1 (12.5) * PD = Prism diopters; Oh, Lee = Operator; Overcorrected = >10PD overcorrected than estimated residual deviation; Undercorrected = >10PD undercorrected than estimated residual deviation; No significant difference between two surgeons (p = 0.84, Chi-square test). Table 4. Surgical results according to the deviation angles at postoperative 6weeks, 6months and 1year Preoperative Success rate No. (%) deviation Postoperative 6weeks Postoperative 6months Postoperative 1year 40~49PD* 30/31 (96.8) 30/31 (96.8) 18/19 (94.7) 50~59PD 12/14 (85.7) 10/14 (71.4) 6/10 (60.0) 60PD 7/16 (43.8) 8/16 (50.0) 5/11 (45.5) Total 49/61 (80.3) 48/61 (78.7) 29/40 (72.5) *PD = Prism diopters. Figure 1. Scatter diagram of difference between estimated residual deviation and actual residual deviation. 6주째측정한원거리사시각은 5PD 외사시로실제교정량은 70PD로 15PD 만큼더교정되었다. 둘째로 50세남자환자로원거리사시각은 78PD 외사시였으며 55PD 교정계획하에외직근후전술 10 mm, 내직근절제술 6 mm 시행하였으며술후 6주째원거리사시각은 6PD 외사시로실제교정량은 72PD로 17PD 만큼더교정되었다. Lee의경우첫째로 46세여자환자로원거리사시각은 63PD 외사시였 으며 50PD 교정계획하에외직근후전술 8.5 mm, 내직근절제술 6.5 mm 시행하였으며술후 6주째원거리사시각은정위였다. 실제교정량은 63PD로 13PD 만큼더교정되었다. 둘째로 74세남자환자로원거리사시각은 94PD 외사시였으며 60PD 교정계획하에외직근후전술 10 mm, 내직근절제술 6.5 mm 시행하였으며술후 6주째원거리사시각은 10PD 외사시로실제교정량은 84PD로 24PD 만큼더교정되었다. 술후 6개월과 1년째원거리사시각을기준으로수술전사시각에따른수술의성공률을보면 40PD 이상 50PD 미만에서는 96.8% (30/31명), 94.7% (18/19명) 였고 50PD 이상 60PD 미만에서는 71.4% (10/14명), 60.0% (6/10 명 ) 였으며 60PD 이상은 50.0% (8/16명), 45.5% (5/11 명 ) 이었으며, 경과관찰기간과외사시각이증가할수록, 특히 60PD 이상의외사시에서두개의수평근수술만으로는수술성공률이낮아지는경향을알수있었다 (Table 4). 수술자간의수술성공률의유의한차이는없었다 (p=0.82) (Table 5). 그리고 60PD 이상의외사시에서수술후저교정을보이는 8명의환자에서수술후 6주째잔여사시각이 16.8 ± 10.5PD에서마지막경과관찰시잔여사시각이 25.0 ± 11.3PD로통계학적으로의미있는차이를보이지않았다 (p=0.074)
4 - 이병희외 : 40PD 이상의외사시의수술결과 - Table 5. Surgical success rates at postoperative last visit according to the preoperative deviations Preoperative Number of Number of patients according to the surgical results (%) Deviation (PD * Operator ) patients Corrected Overcorrected Undercorrected Π Oh (95.7) 0 (0) 1 (4.3) 40~49 Lee 8 8 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) Oh 6 4 (66.7) 0 (0) 2 (33.3) 50~59 Lee 8 6 (75.0) 0 (0) 2 (25.0) Oh 8 3 (37.5) 0 (0) 5 (62.5) 60 Lee 8 5 (62.5) 0 (0) 3 (37.5) * PD = Prism diopters; Oh, Lee = Operator; Corrected = within 10PD or orthotropia; Overcorrected = >10PD of esotropia; Π Undercorrected = >10PD of exotropia; No significant difference between two surgeons (p = 0.82, Chi-square test). 고찰 40PD 이상의사시각이비교적큰외사시를보이는경우에서대부분의환자가기능적인측면뿐만아니라미용적으로큰기대를갖고수술을할것으로추측되며또한기대하고있는것이사실이다. 그러나사시수술의성공률은실제사시각이증가함에따라수술의성공률도떨어지는것으로알려져있으며수술결과가만족스럽지못한경우도종종경험하는것이현실이다. 따라서수술적결과를미리예측할수있다면수술의결정에있어환자는물론의사에게도큰도움을줄수있을것으로생각되며사전면담시참고가될수있을것으로생각된다. 본연구에서는두명의수술자에의해수술한대상을비교하였는데이는술자간의차이를알아보기위한것뿐만아니라한명의초심자와경험이많은술자간의차이가있는지알아보기위해비교하였다. 본연구의결과를통하여미루어볼때 40PD 이상 60PD 미만의외사시의경우두개의수평근수술로도만족한결과를얻을수있으며, 60PD 이상특히 70PD 이상의외사시의경우에는두개의수평근수술로는교정효과가부족하여이차수술이필요할것으로생각된다. 특히, 40PD 이상 60PD 미만의환자에서는수술전교정하고자한양과수술후 6주째측정한사시각을기준으로실제교정량의편차를알아보았을때평균 2.4 ± 3.9PD이었으며, ± 10PD 이내의편차범위내에 45명중 44명 (97.8%) 이포함되었으나, 60PD 이상인환자에서는편차차이가평균 9.6 ± 6.5PD 이며, ± 10PD 이내의편차범위내인경우는 16명중 10명 (62.5%) 만으로수술전사시각이 40PD이상 60PD 미만인환자에비하여수술의정확도가떨어졌다. 술자별로 60PD 이상의외사시환자에서 Oh가 8명중 3명이, Lee도 8 명중 3명이수술전교정하고자한양이실제교정된양보다 10PD 이상차이를보였으며비록대상환자수가적었으나두수술자간의차이는없었다. 이와같이 60PD 이상의외사시에서수술전교정량의예측치가부정확한이유로는 사시각측정시 50PD 이상인경우양안에프리즘을사용하여사시각을측정하기때문에측정치의정확도가떨어질수있고, 수술시후전량이많기때문에 caliper로측정한후전량이다소부정확할수있기때문으로생각된다. 또한사시유병기간이나발현빈도에따라눈위치및안구정렬에대한기본적인눈모임과눈벌림과같은눈운동에대한기본적인신경전도자극이다를수있는것이원인으로생각된다. 외사시의수술의방법에따른차이는없다고보고되어있으나, 사시각이큰외사시, 특히 60PD 이상의큰외사시를보이는경우술자의경험에따라수술량이다르며수술방법또한아직까지논란이되고있다. 과거에는해부학적인외안근의접촉면 (arc of contact) 에기초하여외직근의외전장애를생기지않는최대후전량을 7 mm라하였으나그이후 Urist 11 는안구의기능적인적도부가안와축에수직으로있어각막윤부로부터 11.0 mm까지후전하여도외전장애는발생하지않는다고하였고, 양안외직근후전술을 8~9.5 mm 시행하여외전에문제가없음을보고하였다. 본연구에서도후전을 10 mm까지시행하였으나외전장애를나타내는경우는없었다. 사시각이큰외사시의경우도양안외직근후전술이나단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술로최대교정하여좋은결과를보고하고있으며 Schwartz and Calhoun 6 은 45~85PD의외사시환자 22명중 14명에서양안외직근후전술, 8명에서단안의외직근후전술및내직근절제술을시행하였고, 외직근후전의범위는 8~14 mm ( 평균 10.6 mm) 후전하여 15PD을성공의기준으로하여 77% 의수술성공을보고하면서 2개의수평근의수술을주장하였다. 국내에는 Park and Min 5 은 40~65PD ( 평균 45PD) 의외사시 19예에서양안 8~9.5 mm ( 평균 8.27 mm) 외직근후전술을시행하여평균 12.2개월의추적관찰하여 ± 10PD을성공의기준으로 15예 (78.9%) 에서성공적으로교정되었고안구운동장애는없었다고보고하였다. Lim et al 12 은 40PD 이상의외사시환자 168명중 86명은양안외직근후전술
5 - 대한안과학회지 2010 년제 51 권제 12 호 - 을시행하였고술전평균사시각은 46.4 ± 10.6PD이고, 82명은단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술을시행하였고술전평균사시각은 45.1 ± 8.5PD이었다. ± 10PD을성공의기준으로양안외직근후전술을시행한군은 66.7%, 단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술을시행한군은 68.1% 성공률을보여두방법간의수술결과에있어서큰차이가없다고하였다. 본연구에서대부분의환자가단안외직근후전술및내직근절제술을시행하였으며, 술후 6 개월및 1년째수술성공률이비록위의연구와대상환자수와관찰기간의차이를보이지만전체환자를대상으로각각평균 75.7%, 72.5% 로이전보고와차이를나타내지않았으나, 60PD이상의외사시인경우에는성공률이 50%, 45.5% 로현저히떨어짐을알수있었다. 사시각의큰경우에있어한번에 3개내지 4개의수평근을수술하는것은한번의수술로교정이가능하여두번으로나누어수술하는것보다시간적, 비용적으로효과적이라고할수있다. Azar 4 는 70PD 이상의외사시환자 29명에서양안외직근 10 mm 후전, 양안내직근 8 mm 절제하는 4개의수평근을수술하여 89.7% (26/29명) 에서 4PD 이내로교정되었다고보고하면서 70PD 이상의외사시의경우 4개의수평근수술을일차적으로고려할것을추천하였다. 국내에서는 Kim et al 13 이 22명의 60PD이상의환자를대상으로일차적으로양안외직근후전술을최대한시행하여관찰한결과추가적으로 14명에대해단안또는양안의내직근절제술이필요하여 60PD이상의경우에는양안외직근후전술과단안또는양안내직근절제술을함께시행하는것이좋을것이라는보고가있었다. 그러나 3-4개의수평근수술시정해진수술량에대한지침이없으며, 2개의수평근수술보다예측도가떨어질수있으며여러수평근을수술하므로수술후과교정이나안구운동장애가일어날수있고잔여사시에대한이차수술이어려울수있다. 특히, 본연구에서와같이 60PD 이상의경우에서수술전교정하고자한양보다수술후실제교정량과비교할때 10PD 이상의많은교정을보이는경우가각술자마다 2예씩있었으며이러한경우에실제잔여사시각은수술자체가저교정되어외사시가남아있더라도실제교정하고자한양보다많이교정된경우이므로 60PD 이상의경우에서여러개근육을수술할경우에는반드시염두해두어야겠다. 본연구의 60PD 이상의외사시에서두개의수평근수술후저교정을보이는환자에서수술후사시각은수술후 6 주에측정한사시각과최종내원시측정한값과통계적으로의미있는차이를보이지않는것을알수있었으며비록대상환자의수가적으나사시각이큰외사시를보이는경우에서도수술후의외사시쪽으로의움직임은수술 6주이 후비교적안정되어남아있음을확인할수있었다. 그러나, 여러연구 를통해수술후시간이경과할수록외사시각이증가하는것으로알려져있으므로향후더많은환자를대상으로장기간관찰하는연구가필요할것으로생각된다. 수술의합병증으로많은양의후전술이나절제술시안구운동장애가발생할수있으나본연구에서는오래지속된외사시로인한이측구결막의단축으로수술후초기에일시적으로내전제한을보이는경우도있었으나경과관찰기간동안자연히좋아졌으며, 내직근절제술과외직근후전술시행한경우에첫한달에서외전장애를보이는경우가있었으나경과관찰시모두없어져안구운동장애가남은경우는없었다. 결론적으로사시각이 40PD 이상 60PD 미만인외사시에서는두개의수평근수술만으로도수술전교정하고자한양과실제로교정된양의비교에서일치를보이는경우가높았으며교정효과가만족스러웠다. 한편 60PD 이상의외사시의경우에는두개의수평근수술만으로는성공률이떨어지며, 수술전교정하고자한양과실제교정된양과의비교에서도정확도가다소떨어져수술의결과에대한예측이부정확할것으로생각되며, 특히 60PD 이상의외사시에서 3개근이상의수술시에는본연구에서와같이두개의수평근수술후저교정을보여외사시가남아있더라도실제로교정되는양이예측한양보다많은교정을나타낼수있는예도있으므로주의해야할것으로사료된다. 참고문헌 1) Lew HL, Lee JB, Kim TK. Comparison of surgical results between bilateral rectus muscle recessions and lateral rectus muscle recession and medial rectus muscle resection in exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1995;36: ) Im SK, Park SW, Park YG. Effects of bilateral lateral rectus recession and unilateral recession-resection in large angle exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2004;45: ) Livir-Rallatos G, Gunton KB, Calhoun JH. Surgical results in large-angle exotropia. J AAPOS 2002;6: ) Azar RF. Surgical management of exotropia exceeding 70 prism diopters. Ann Ophthalmol 1971;3: ) Park YG, Min BM. The effects of bilateral recti recessions over 8mm in exotropia over 40 prism diopters. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1994;35: ) Schwartz RL, Calhoun JH. Surgery of large angle exotropia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1980;17: ) Thompson JT, Guyton DL. Ophthalmic prisms. Measurement errors and how to minimize them. Ophthalmology 1983;90: ) Wright KW. Color atlas of ophthalmic surgery Strabismus 1st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott company, 1991; ) Scott WE, Keech R, March AJ. The postoperative results and sta
6 - 이병희외 : 40PD 이상의외사시의수술결과 - bility of exodeviations. Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99: ) Park YH, Kim MM. Surgical results of intermittent exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1989;30: ) Urist MJ. Exotropia with bilateral elevation in adduction. II. Surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 1954;38: ) Lim HS, Seo SW, Lee JH. Comparison of surgical results between bilateral rectus muscle recession and lateral rectus muscle recession and medial rectus muscle resection in exotropia over 40 prism diopters. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1998;39: ) Kim JW, Rah SH, Lee JH. The surgical treatment of exotropias of 60 prism diopters or more. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1997;38: ) Kim SJ, Lee WS. Clinical analysis of surgical results in exodeviation. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1992;33: ) Kim MM, Cho ST. Long - term surgical results of intermittent exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1994;35: ) Hahm KH, Shin MC, Sohn MA. The change in deviation angle with time course after surgical correction of intermittent exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2002;43: =ABSTRACT= The Accuracy of Estimating Postoperative Deviation in Exotropia With over 40 Prism Diopters Byeong Hee Lee, MD 1, Jong Wook Lee, MD 1, Jung Ho Lee, MD 1, Dong Ryeul Oh, MD 2, Kyoo Won Lee, MD 1, Jung Yoon Kwon, MD 1 Cheil Eye Hospital 1, Daegu, Korea Lim&Oh Eye Clinic 2, Daegu, Korea Purpose: To assess the accuracy of estimating postoperative deviation in large-angle exotropia over 40 prism diopters (PD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 61 exotropia patients with over 40 PD exotropia who had undergone 2-muscle surgery by two surgeons and with at least 6 months follow-up. The accuracy was assessed by analyzing the discrepancy between preoperatively predicted residual deviation and deviation at postoperative 6weeks. Successful surgery was defined as deviation within ± 10 PD at the last postoperative visit. Results: More accurate residual deviation was predicted in exotropia with prism diopters between 40 and 59 (97.8%) than in exotropia with 60 PD or more (62.5%). And there was no significant difference between two surgeons. Surgical success rates at six months and one year after surgery were 96.8%, 94.7% in exotropia with 40 to 49 PD, 71.4%, 60.0%, 50 to 59 PD, 50.0%, 45.5%, 60 PD or more, respectively. There were four patients of whom the postoperative deviation angle exceeded more than 10 PD of the estimated deviation. Conclusions: The accuracy of estimating residual deviation prior to surgery was higher and more successful surgery was achieved in exotropia ranging in 40 to 59 PD than in exotropia with 60 PD or more. Therefore, 2- muscle surgery will be suitable for large-angle exotropia with less than 60 PD. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(12): Key Words: Large-angle exotropia Address reprint requests to Jung Ho Lee, MD Cheil Eye Hospital #803-2 Sinam-dong, Dong-gu, Daegu , Korea Tel: , Fax: , eyejholee@hanmail.net
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