대한진단검사의학회지제 29 권제 4 호 2009 Korean J Lab Med 2009;29: DOI /kjlm Original Article Transfusion Medicine Trima Accel 의 Leukored

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1 대한진단검사의학회지제 29 권제 4 호 2009 Korean J Lab Med 2009;29: DOI /kjlm Original Article Transfusion Medicine Trima Accel 의 Leukoreduction Chamber 내단핵세포의성상분석과수지상세포의분화유도 이양순 1 김신영 1 이승태 2 김한수 3 백은정 1 김형진 3 이미경 4 김현옥 1,3 연세대학교의과대학진단검사의학교실 1 내과학교실 2 세포치료센터 3, 대한적십자사중앙혈액원 4 Analysis of Characteristics of Mononuclear Cells Remaining in the Leukoreduction System Chamber of Trima Accel and Their Differentiation Into Dendritic Cells Yangsoon Lee, M.D. 1, Sinyoung Kim, M.D. 1, Seung-Tae Lee, M.D. 2, Han-Soo Kim, Ph.D. 3, Eun-Jung Baek, M.D. 1, Hyung Jin Kim, Ph.D. 3, MeeKyung Lee, M.D. 4, and Hyun Ok Kim, M.D. 1,3 Departments of Laboratory Medicine 1 and Internal Medicine 2, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Yonsei Cell Therapy Center 3, Seoul; Blood Center, Korean Red Cross 4, Seoul, Korea Background : We investigated the characteristics of the mononuclear cells remaining in the leukoreduction system (LRS) chambers of Trima Accel in comparison with those of standard buffy coat cells, and evaluated their potential for differentiation into dendritic cells. Methods : Twenty-six LRS chambers of Trima Accel were collected after platelet pheresis from healthy adults. Flow cytometric analysis for T, B, NK, and CD14+ cells was performed and the number of CD34+ cells was counted. Differentiation and maturation into dendritic cells were induced using CD14+ cells seperated via Magnetic cell sorting (MACS ) Seperation (Miltenyi Biotec Inc., USA). Results : Total white blood cell (WBC) count in LRS chambers was (range ). The median values (range) of proportions of each cells were CD4+ T cell 29.6% ( ), CD8+ T cell 27.7% ( ), B cell 5.5% ( ), NK cell 15.7% ( ), and CD14+ cells 12.4% ( ) respectively. Although total WBC count was significantly higher in the buffy coat (whole blood of 400 ml) than the LRS chambers, the numbers of lymphocytes and monocytes were not statistically different. The numbers of B cells and CD4+ cells were significantly higher in the buffy coat than the LRS chambers (P<0.05). The median value (range) of CD34+ cells obtained from the LRS chambers was ( ). After 7 days of cytokine-supplemented culture, the CD14+ cells were successfully differentiated into dendritic cells. Conclusions : The mononuclear cells in LRS chambers of Trima Accel are an excellent alternative source of viable and functional human blood cells, which can be used for research purposes. (Korean J Lab Med 2009;29:353-60) Key Words : Trima Accel, Leukoreduction chamber, Dendritic cell Received : February 13, 2009 Manuscript No : KJLM Revision received : July 10, 2009 Accepted : July 14, 2009 Corresponding author : Hyun Ok Kim, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel : , Fax : hyunok1019@yuhs.ac * 본과제는 Seoul Research and Business Development Program (10816) 에의해지원되었음. 서론최근인체유래백혈구세포이용과활용에대한연구가많이진행되고있으나 [1, 2]. 이에필요한정상백혈구를얻는것은쉽지않다. 연구에자발적으로혈액을제공하는사람이적을뿐만아니라, 한사람으로부터얻을수있는세포의수에는한계가있기 353

2 354 이양순 김신영 이승태외 5 인 때문이다. 연구용으로사용된백혈구소재는주로자발적인자원자의혈액에서얻거나전혈에서성분분리시원심분리하여얻은백혈구연층 (buffy coat) 을주로사용하여왔다. 그러나 2000년대초반에동종면역을방지하고수혈로인한바이러스감염의전파를줄이기위해백혈구여과제거혈액제제가소개되면서이때사용한백혈구제거용필터를얻어역방향으로생리식염수등을사용하여세척함으로서헌혈혈액으로부터제거된백혈구를이용하게되었다 [3, 4]. 이는폐기되는필터에걸린백혈구를사용한다는장점이있는반면생리적으로적합한필터라하더라도한번부착하여변형을받은백혈구를회수하여사용하는것이과연그기능에변화를발생시키지않을까하여연구소재로서의가능성에대해많은논란이이어지고있다 [4, 5]. 한편혈소판성분채집에서도백혈구여과제거성분채집혈소판을제조하는기기가소개되면서필터는아니지만세포의비중과원심분리효과로혈소판성분채집과정에서백혈구를제거할수있는 leukoredution system (LRS) chamber를장착한키트가개발되었다. 즉, 혈소판성분채집기인 Trima Accel (CaridianBCT, Lakewood, CO, USA) 에사용하는일회용채집키트에는혈소판이생리적인여과기역할을하는 LRS chamber 장착을통하여백혈구를제거하게된다. 즉, 혈소판채집이시작되면, LRS chamber 안이혈소판으로채워질때까지혈소판이축적되어혈소판층을형성하게된다. Chamber 안의혈장이동에의해혈소판이하나씩 chamber 밖으로빠져나가서모아지고입자가큰백혈구는혈소판층을통과할수없어 chamber 내에그대로남게된다. 따라서따라서혈소판성분채집과정중에 LRS chamber 내로백혈구제거가완료되고, 최종모아진성분채집혈소판내에는백혈구수가 이하로거의남아있지않게된다 [6]. Trima Accel 를이용한성분채집혈소판은 LRS chamber를통하여혈소판내의백혈구오염을감소시키고, 백혈구가모아진 LRS chamber는폐기하게된다. 본연구에서는단순히 LRS chamber 내의백혈구수, 단핵구수, 백혈구의백분율등세포의성상만을비교한 Neron 등 [7, 8] 의연구에비해여기서획득한백혈구세포를이용하여수지상세포로의분화를유도하고그기능을평가함으로서, 앞으로 LRS chamber내에모아진백혈구가연구용소재로서그활용이가능한지를평가해보고자하였다. 재료및방법 1. LRS chamber 수집세브란스병원혈액원과대한적십자사중앙혈액원에서 26명 의건강한헌혈자로부터 Trima Accel 을사용하여혈소판성분채집을시행한후폐기되는키트에부착된 LRS chamber를수거하였다. 모든헌혈자는헌혈자의기준에적합한사람이었으며헌혈전에헌혈자로부터채취한백혈구를연구용으로사용할것에대한서면동의서를받았다. Trima Accel 을이용한혈소판성분채집을시행하였고, 장비에서키트를제거하기전에 LRS chamber를수득하고나머지는폐기하였다. 대조군으로는 400 ml 전혈에서성분분리시원심분리하여얻은백혈구연층을사용하였다. 헌혈자 9명으로부터삼중헌혈백에 400 ml 전혈을헌혈받은후실온에서 30분동안방치하고 2,000 rpm에서 3분동안원심분리한후, 백혈구연층을분리하였다. 모든과정은무균적으로시행되었으며성분제제는수혈용으로사용하였다. 2. 세포의성상분석 1) 혈액학적분석 LRS chamber와연결된입출구튜브를알코올로소독하여자르고 50 ml cone tube에세포를모았다. 50 ml 주사기에 phosphate buffer saline (PBS) 40 ml를담고, 출구튜브쪽에바늘을삽입하고분주하여 LRS chamber 내의나머지세포를모았다. LRS chamber로부터얻어진세포 1 ml를취하여자동혈구계산기 Advia 2120 (Bayer Corporation, Tarrytown, NY, USA) 로통상혈액검사와백혈구감별계산을하였다. 말초혈액도말표본을 Wright-Giemsa 염색하여백혈구모양과분포를관찰하였다. 2) 유세포분석기를이용한면역표현형분석 Ficoll-Hypaque ( 비중 1.077, Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) 을 50 ml cone tube에 25 ml 넣고, LRS chamber 에서분리한세포 25 ml을그위에중첩하였다. 900 g 로 20 에서 20분간원심분리하여상층액을버리고, 백혈구연층을다른 50 ml cone tube에모은후, PBS로두번세척하였다. 면역표현형분석을위하여 CD45-FITC, CD3-FITC, CD4-FITC, CD8-PE, CD19-PE, CD16+56-PE, CD14-PE (Beckman- Coulter Inc., Immunotech, Marseille, France) 에대한단클론성항체를사용하였다. migg1/migg1, CD45/CD14, CD4/ CD8, CD3/CD19, CD3/CD16+56 조합으로 EPICS XL (Beckman Coulter Inc., Miami, FL, USA) 을이용하여분석하였다. CD34+ 세포수는 Stem-kit (Beckman Coulter Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA) 로 CD45-FITC, CD34-PE에대한단클론성

3 MNCs in LRS Chamber of Trima Accel 355 항체를이용하였고, 세포의생존성을확인하기위해서 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) 로염색하였다. 유세포분석기 EPI- CS XL (Beckman Coulter Inc.) 로분석하였다. 결과값은중앙값 ( 범위 ) 로나타내었다. 3. 수지상세포로분화유도말초혈액으로부터분리한단핵세포중에서 CD14+ 세포를 Magnetic cell sorting (MACS) Seperation (Miltenyi Biotec Inc., Auburn, CA, USA) 으로분리하였다. 순수분리한 CD14+ 세포 (5.0 /ml) 를 10% fetal calf serum 이포함된 RPMI (Gibco-BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA) 배지에넣고, 200 ng/ml granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 20 ng/ml interleukin-4 (IL-4, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) 를넣고 37 에서배양하였다. 5일째되는날에세포를수확한뒤, 세척및원침하고, RPMI (Gibco-BRL) 배지에재부유시켰다. Tumor necrosis factor-α(tnf-α, 20 ng/ml), IL-1β(500 U/mL), IL-6 (500 U/mL), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, M) 를넣어주어 48시간동안수지상세포성숙을유도하였다. 성숙유도물질을넣지않고, GM-CSF, IL-4만넣은세포를동시에배양하였다. 접종 0일, 5일 (immature dendritic cell (idc)), 7일 (mature dendritic cell [mdc]) 에각각세포를수확하였고, -FITC, -PE, -PE, -FITC, -FITC, - PE (Beckman-Coulter Inc.) 에대한단클론성항체를이용하여세포표지자의변화를관찰하였다. migg1/migg1, /, /, / 조합으로검사하고분석하였다. 일부세포는 Wright-Giemsa 염색하여세포의형태를관찰하였다. 4. 체외림프구혼합배양법 CD14+ 세포, idc 및 mdc에의한동종 (allogeneic) T 림프구활성화정도를평가하기위해혼합배양법 (mixed lymphocyte reaction) 을시행하였다. 위에서기술한방법으로분리한 CD14+ 세포및배양한 idc와 mdc를 2 cell/well로부터 1/4로연쇄희석한 96-well microtiter plate에건강한정상인의혈액에서 T 세포분리키트 (pan T cell isolation kit, Miltenyi Biotec Inc.) 을이용하여분리한 T 림프구 (2 cells/well) 를넣어혼합배양하였다. 배양 4일후각 well에 [ 3 H]TdR 1 μci를넣고 16시간동안더배양하였다. 반응이끝난후 multi-well 세포수확기를이용하여세포를분리한후 [ 3 H]TdR의세포내포획정도를평가하였다. 실험은 3회반복하였고, 평균값과표준편차를구하였다. 5. 통계학적분석통계학적인분석은 Analyse-it (Analyse-it Software Ltd., Leeds, UK) 의 Mann-Whitney U test를이용하였다. 결과 1. 세포의성상분석 LRS chamber 내의총백혈구수는 ( 범위 ) 개였고림프구와단핵구 (monocyte) 는각각총백혈구수의 67.5% ( 범위 ) 와 13.9% ( 범위 ) 를구성하고있었다. 또중성구는총백혈구수의 4.2% ( 범위 ) 이었다 (Table 1). Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia Biotech) 으로백혈구연층을분리한후얻어진총단핵세포수는 ( 범위 4.0- Table 1. Total WBC count and differential count: comparision between cells isolated from LRS chambers and buffy coats seperated from whole blood ( 10 8 ) LRS chamber (n=18) ( 10 8 ) ( 10 8 ) *A P value of less than 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference by Mann-Whitney U test. Abbreviations: LRS, leukoreduction system; WBC, white blood cell. Buffy coat (n=9) ( 10 8 ) P value* of median Total WBC count Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils

4 356 이양순 김신영 이승태외 5 인 ) 로 90% 의회수율을보였다. 면역표현형분석시에 CD4+ T 세포, CD8+ T 세포, CD16+CD56 NK 세포, CD14+ 세포가각각총단핵세포의 29.6% ( 범위 ), 27.7% ( 범위 ), 15.7% ( 범위 ), 12.4% ( 범위 ) 를구성하였다 (Table 2). CD34+ 세포수는 ( 범위 ) 였고, 7-AAD로염색하였을때세포의생존율은 100% 로관찰되었다 (n=8). 대조군으로사용한 400 ml 전혈유래백혈구연층과비교하였을때총백혈구수는통계학적으로유의한차이 (P<0.05) 를보였으며, 전혈유래백혈구연층의총백혈구수가더많았다. 특히 CD4+ 세포수와 B 세포수 에서두그룹간에통계학적으로유의한차이 (P<0.05) 가있었고, 전혈유래백혈구연층에서그수가더많았다. 그러나, 림프구와단핵구수에는두그룹간에통계학적으로유의한차이는없었다 (Table 1) (P>0.05). 2. 수지상세포의분화유도 LRS chamber내의백혈구단핵세포에서 CD14+ 세포를분리 Table 2. Flow cytometric characterization of mononuclear cells: comparison between LRS chamber-derived and buffy coatderived cells Component LRS chamber (n=18) Buffy coat (n=9) P value* A B CD4+ cell CD8+ cell B cell NK cell CD14+ cell *A P value of less than 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference by Mann-Whitney U test. Abbreviations: LRS, leukoreduction system; NK cell, natural killer cell. DC generation from CD14+ cells of LRS chamber C Fig. 1. Wright-Giemsa stain ( 400) of cells isolated from LRS chambers (A), CD14+ cells seperated by MACS Seperation (B), immature dendritic cells on Day 5 of culture (C), and mature dendritic cells on Day 7 of culture (D). DC generation from CD14+ cells of buffy coat D 0.04% 0.06% 0.55% 74.30% 0.00% 0.03% 0.04% 0.01% 0.71% 41.49% 0.19% 0.06% Day % 16.77% 0.93% 0.28% 24.46% 1.24% A D Day % 11.19% 17.20% 34.49% 20.66% 28.38% 3.80% 32.83% 0.03% 63.06% 1.63% 68.25% 20.70% 21.66% 20.87% 63.31% 35.65% 24.77% B E 50.82% 1.84% 0.49% 56.41% 15.61% 62.68% 48.14% 1.13% 0.18% 97.97% 0.48% 83.33% Day % 18.88% 4.16% 3.49% 1.74% 13.13% C F Fig. 2. The immunophenotypic characteristics of mature dendritic cells (mdcs) and immature dendritic cells (idcs) on Day 0, 5 and 7 of culture. Phenotypic analysis was performed with CD14+ cells separated from LRS chamber (A) and buffy coat (D) on Day 0; idcs generated by culturing CD14+ cells from LRS (B) and buffy coat (E) with GM-CSF and IL-4 for 5 days; and mdcs generated from LRS CD14+ cell-derived idcs (C) and buffy coat-cd14+cell-derived idc (F) for additional 48 hr in the presence of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2.

5 MNCs in LRS Chamber of Trima Accel [ 3 H] thymidine incorporation (cpm 10-3 ) idc mdc [ 3 H] thymidine incorporation (cpm 10-3 ) idc mdc 0 0 1:640 1:160 1:40 1:10 1:640 1:160 1:40 1:10 DC:T ratio A DC:T ratio B Fig. 3. Mature dendritic cells (mdcs) generated from CD14+ monocytes possess strong allostimulatory capacitites. Allostimulatory capacities of DCs from LRS-derived MNCs (A) and DCs from buffy coat-derived MNCs (B) were analyzed by using identical allogeneic T cells. Allogeneic T cells proliferated more vigorously when they were stimulated with mdcs than stimulated with immature DCs (idcs) on various DC:T cell ratio. Results shown are mean values (circle)±sd (bar) of triplicate wells. 하였을때세포수는평균 개였다. 말굽모양의핵을가진전형적인단핵구였고, 배양 4일째까지세포막이원형의형태로유지되며그수가점차증가하였다. 배양 5일째에수지상모양의세포가출현하기시작하였고 Wright-Giemsa 염색하였을때세포질내에공포를다수관찰할수있었다. 배양 5일째 TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2를넣어수지상세포의성숙을유도하였고, 7일째수지상모양이잘보이는세포들을관찰할수있었다 (Fig. 1). 배양 7일째에면역표현형을비교하였는데성숙을유도시킨군에서그렇지않은군보다 /, / 의발현정도가강하였고 의발현은약화된것을볼수있었다. 또, 성숙을유도한군에서성숙한수지상세포에서만발현이증가되는 의발현이증가하였다 (Fig. 2). 3. 체외림프구혼합배양법수지상세포의상대적인항원제공능력을간접측정하는방식으로동종의 T 림프구의증식유도를분석하는혼합배양법을수행하였다. 총 5일간혼합배양을시행한후 T 림프구의증식정도를측정하였을때, 다양한세포비율의혼합배양모두에서 mdc 에의한 T 림프구증식정도가 idc에의한 T 림프구증식정도에비해높았고, 통계학적으로도유의한차이를보였다 (P<0.05) (Fig. 3). 고찰줄기세포를비롯하여인체유래백혈구를이용한많은연구가 진행되고있다. 암세포의특수한부위를목표로암세포특이적인항원에대해 T 세포의면역반응을유도하는면역치료에대한연구 [9, 10], NK 세포를이용한연구, CD34+ 세포를이용하여각기다른세포를유도하는연구 [1, 2, 10] 등다양한주제가있다. 이러한연구들은충분한연구소재를갖추는것에서부터출발할수있다. 그러나건강한사람으로부터연구에이용할세포를충분히얻고지속적으로구하는것은쉽지않은일이다. 현재까지는주로전혈에서성분분리시에얻어지는백혈구연층을분리하여연구에사용하였다. 전혈로부터세가지의성분혈액제조시삼중백을이용하게되는데백혈구연층을얻기위해서는사중백을이용하거나삼중백에추가적으로혈액백을연결해야하는번거로움이있고, 수혈용혈액성분제제이므로모든과정을철저히무균적으로시행하며이에따른추가비용이따른다. 또한이를제조하는사람에따라서얻어지는세포수차이가날수있으며, 혈액은행의업무에따라헌혈채집후성분분리할때까지시간이지체될수있어서연구자가백혈구연층을얻기까지는수시간이소요된다. 또헌혈자의동의를얻어헌혈을받은후에라도부적합혈액으로판정되는경우에는그백혈구를이용하는데신뢰도가떨어진다. 전혈유래백혈구연층은전혈로부터얻은것이므로백혈구의세포구성과분포가혈중백혈구와유사하다. 이는정상인의혈중에중성구가백혈구의절반이상을차지함으로전혈유래백혈구연층의중성구의분포도절반이상을차지할것으로예상할수있었다. 본연구에서전혈로부터얻은백혈구연층의중성구수는총백혈구 ( 범위 ) 중 36.8% ( 범위 ) 를차지하였다. 상대적으로연구에주로사용되는림프구와단핵구의수는줄어드는단점이있

6 358 이양순 김신영 이승태외 5 인 었다 [4]. 2000년대초부터는백혈구제거용필터로부터연구용세포를얻게되었다. 백혈구가혼입되어있는농축혈소판과농축적혈구가환자에게수혈됨으로발생되는부작용을줄이기위해서백혈구제거용필터를사용하게되었고, 그수가점차증가하게되었다. 연구자들은백혈구여과후에버려지는필터를역방향으로세척하여분리한세포를사용하였다. 이는폐기되는것이므로, 혈액은행에서얻기가쉽고이미헌혈기준을통과한헌혈자로부터얻어진것이므로부적격혈액으로판정되어버려지는경우는없을것이다. 몇몇연구에의하면백혈구제거용필터로부터얻은총백혈구수는전혈로부터얻은것보다적지만단핵구와림프구수는거의비슷함을보고하였고, 이세포들의생존력과기능성도같이증명하였다 [4, 11, 12]. 그러나백혈구제거용필터를이용하는데에는한계점이있었다. 백혈구제거용필터를이용한연구를살펴보면대부분 500 ml 정도의전혈을여과시켜백혈구를얻는것이었다. 그러나우리나라에서백혈구제거농축적혈구는이미제조되어있는보관전백혈구제거 (prestorage leukocyte redution) 혈액을혈액원으로부터구입하여사용하는경우가대부분이고, 병원에서전혈을직접백혈구제거여과과정을거쳐사용하는경우는많지않다. 또백혈구제거용필터로부터세포손실없이분리하기위해서낮은속도로세척해야하고, ml 정도의많은양의용매를필요로하였다. 여과된백혈구를충분히분리하기위해서특별히제조된 dextran 용매등을사용하기도하였다 [8]. 백혈구제거용필터는농축혈소판에서백혈구를여과하기위해서도사용한다. 그러나농축혈소판 6단위를하나의백혈구제거용필터에여과시켜사용하게되는데, 하나의필터에 6명헌혈자의백혈구가혼입되므로이용에한계가있다. 성분헌혈채집기의발달과함께성분채집혈소판의사용이증가하였다. 수기로혈액내백혈구를제거하는필터를사용하듯이성분헌혈채집기는채집과정중에백혈구를여과시켜백혈구제거성분혈액을수집하는방식이다. Trima Accel 의 LRS chamber는전통적으로이용하던소재와달리이미모여져있는세포를다른과정없이바로이용할수있는장점이있다. LRS chamber 내에있는세포를직접흘러내리게할수도있고, 50 ml 정도의적은양의 PBS로 LRS chamber를세척하여모든세포를얻어낼수있다. 폐쇄된시스템에서성분헌혈수집이이루어지므로오염의위험이적은장점이있다. LRS chamber 내세포들이연구용으로사용할수있을만큼충분한수가모이고, 세포의생존력과기능성이증명된다면장래에연구용으로좋은소재가될것으로생각되었다. 본연구에서는 LRS chamber 내에있는세포성분의구성을혈액학적방법과유세포분석을통하여 알아보았고, CD34+ 세포수를측정하였다. LRS chamber 내의총백혈구수는 ( 범위 ) 로 400 ml 전혈로부터얻는백혈구연층보다적었고, Meyer 등 [7] 이보고한백혈구제거용필터로부터얻어진세포수와큰차이는보이지않았다. 세포의구성은 LRS chamber 내중성구는총백혈구의 4.2% ( 범위 ) 로매우적고, 림프구와단핵구는각각 67.5% ( 범위 ) 와 13.9% ( 범위 ) 로많은부분을차지하고있었다. 반면에 400 ml 전혈로부터분리된백혈구연층에는중성구 36.8% ( 범위 ), 림프구 41.1% ( 범위 ), 단핵구 8.9% ( 범위 ) 로중성구의비율이매우높았다. 두그룹간에총백혈구수에는통계학적으로유의한차이가있었고전혈유래백혈구연층에서세포수가더많았다 (P<0.05). 그러나연구용으로주로사용되는림프구와단핵구수는두그룹간에통계학적으로유의한차이를보이지않아서기존의전혈유래백혈구연층의림프구와단핵구를대치할수있음을확인하였다. LRS chamber와 400 ml 전혈로부터분리한백혈구연층의중성구가차지하는비율이크게차이가난다. 이는 Trima Accel 장비에서전혈이원심분리되어혈소판층이 chamber를통과하게되는데혈소판층과가까운단핵세포층이혈소판과함께 chamber 내로진입되기때문이다. 즉전혈을원심분리하였을때비중이큰적혈구-중성구-단핵구-림프구-혈소판순서로분리된다. LRS chamber에는혈소판층과가까운림프구와단핵구가주로들어가기때문에 chamber 내에는이들세포가많이모이고, 분리층이혈소판과먼중성구는상대적으로적게모이는것이다. 반면에전혈로부터얻은백혈구연층의경우에는색깔을육안으로보면서분리하기때문에광범위한백혈구연층을모으게되고중성구의비율도상대적으로높게된다. Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia Biotech) 을이용하여 LRS chamber 내세포에서단핵세포를분리하였을때, 총단핵세포수는 ( 범위 ) 로 90% 가회수되었다. 면역표현형을분석하였을때 LRS chamber 내에는 NK 세포 15.7% ( 범위 ), CD14+ 세포 12.4% ( 범위 ) 로구성되어있었고, 전혈유래백혈구연층의 NK 세포, CD14+ 세포보다중간값이높았다. 그러나, 이들세포의두그룹간에통계학적유의한차이는없었다 (P>0.05). CD4+ 세포와 B 세포는두그룹간에통계학적으로유의한차이를보였고 (P<0.05), LRS chamber 내에세포수가더많았다 (Table 2). CD34+ 세포를백혈구제거용필터로부터분리하여이용한연구에따르면필터로부터 의세포수를분리하였다고보고하였

7 MNCs in LRS Chamber of Trima Accel 359 다 [7, 13]. 본연구에서 LRS chamber 내 CD34+ 세포수는 ( 범위 ) 로백혈구제거용필터로부터분리한세포와비슷한양의 CD34+ 세포수를얻을수있었다. LRS chamber 내세포에비하여전혈로부터얻은백혈구연층의세포는스트레스에덜노출된다. LRS chamber 세포는혈소판성분채집기안에서성분채집하는 1시간동안원심력에노출되는반면에전혈유래백혈구연층의세포는 3분동안원심분리함으로적은스트레스를받는다. 원심력의스트레스로인한세포의변성이있을것으로생각되나, 이에대해서는좀더많은연구가필요할것이다. 본연구에서는 LRS chamber에서분리한 CD14+ 세포가수지상세포로잘분화함을확인하였다. CD14+ 세포를분리하여분화및성숙을유도하였고, 수지상세포로분화시증가하는면역표현형인 /, /의발현이증가함을확인하였다. 성숙한수지상세포에특이적인 가증가하였고, 의발현은감소하였다. 체외림프구혼합배양에서 mdc에의한 T 림프구증식정도가 idc에의한 T 림프구증식정도에비해월등히높음을확인할수있었다. 전혈에서유래한수지상세포의표현형질과 T 림프구증식유도능력은이전연구 [14, 15] 에서보고된바와같이, 본논문의 LRS 유래의수지상세포에서도동일한양상을관찰할수있었다. 즉동일한 T 림프구에대한전혈및 LRS 유래수지상세포가유사한정도의 T 림프구증식을유도함을확인하여 (data not shown) 전혈과 LRS 유래수지상세포가표현형질뿐만아니라기능성면에서매우유사함을확인하였다. 이로서 LRS chamber 내 CD14+ 세포가수지상세포로분화및성숙함으로서 LRS chamber 내세포를세포치료목적으로추가조작이가능한기능성을가진세포로이용할수있다는가능성을확인하였다. 요약배경 : Trima Accel 의 leukoreduction system (LRS) chamber 내세포의성상을전혈유래백혈구연층과비교, 분석함으로써연구용으로활용가능성을확인하고수지상세포로의분화실험을실시하였다. 방법 : 건강한성인 26명으로부터 Trima Accel 을이용하여혈소판성분채집을실시한후 LRS chamber를분리하였다. LRS chamber 내 T 세포, B 세포, NK 세포, CD14+ 세포의구성성분을유세포분석기를이용하여분석하였으며, CD34+ 세포수를측정하였다. Magnetic cell sorting (MACS ) Seperation (Miltenyi Biotec Inc., USA) 로 CD14+ 세포를분리한후수지상세포의성숙을유도하였다. 결과 : LRS chamber 내의총백혈구수는 ( 범위 ) 였으며, 각각의백혈구가차지하는비율의중간값 ( 범위 ) 은 CD4+ 세포 29.6% ( ), CD8+ T 세포 27.7% ( ), B 세포 5.5% ( ), NK 세포 15.7% ( ), CD14+ 세포가 12.4% ( ) 였다. LRS chamber와 400 ml 전혈유래백혈구연층의총백혈구수는전혈유래백혈구연층에서유의하게많았으나, 림프구와단핵구수는두그룹간에통계학적인차이는없었다. CD4+ 세포수와 B 세포수가두그룹간에통계학적으로유의한차이를보였고, 전혈유래백혈구연층에서더많았다 (P<0.05). LRS chamber 내의 CD34+ 세포수중간값 ( 범위 ) 은 ( ) 이었다. 또한 LRS CHAMBER에서분리한 CD14+ 세포는 7일동안사이토카인첨가후배양하여수지상세포로분화및성숙함을확인하였다. 결론 : Trima Accel 의 LRS chamber 내의말초혈액단핵세포는생존력과기능성을가진세포들로서연구용소재로매우유용하다고판단되었다. 참고문헌 1. Shehata N, Lin Y, Pendergrast J, Branch DR. Cellular therapies: a Canadian blood services research and development symposium. Transfus Med Rev 2007;21: Mellman I and Steinman RM. Dendritic cells: specialized and regulated antigen processing machines. Cell 2001;106: Sniecinski I, O Donnell MR, Nowicki B, Hill LR. Prevention of refractoriness and HLA-alloimmunization using filtered blood products. Blood 1988;71: Meyer TP, Zehnter I, Hofmann B, Zaisserer J, Burkhart J, Rapp S, et al. Filter Buffy Coats (FBC): a source of peripheral blood leukocytes recovered from leukocyte depletion filters. J Immunol Methods 2005; 307: Ebner S, Neyer S, Hofer S, Nussbaumer W, Romani N, Heufler C. Generation of large numbers of human dendritic cells from whole blood passaged through leukocyte removal filters: an alternative to standard buffy coats. J Immunol Methods 2001;252: Adams MR, Dumont LJ, McCall M, Heaton WA. Clinical trial and local process evaluation of an apheresis system for preparation of white cell-reduced platelet components. Transfusion 1998;38: Neron S, Thibault L, Dussault N, Cote G, Ducas E, Pineault N, et al. Characterization of mononuclear cells remaining in the leukoreduction system chambers of apheresis instruments after routine platelet

8 360 이양순 김신영 이승태외 5 인 collection: a new source of viable human blood cells. Transfusion 2007;47: Dietz AB, Bulur PA, Emery RL, Winters JL, Epps DE, Zubair AC, et al. A novel source of viable peripheral blood mononuclear cells from leukoreduction system chambers. Transfusion 2006;46: Karimi K, Boudreau JE, Fraser K, Liu H, Delanghe J, Gauldie J, et al. Enhanced antitumor immunity elicited by dendritic cell vaccines is a result of their ability to engage both CTL and IFN gamma-producing NK cells. Mol Ther 2007;16: Lee JJ, Nam CE, Nam JH, Lee HC, Chung IJ, Park MS, et al. Generation of cytotoxic donor CD8+ T cells against relapsing leukemic cells following allogeneic transplantation by stimulation with leukemic cell- or leukemic lysate pulsed donor cell-derived dendritic cells. Leuk Res 2004;28: Weitkamp JH and Crowe JE Jr. Blood donor leukocyte reduction filters as a source of human B lymphocytes. Biotechniques 2001;31: Teleron AA, Carlson B, Young PP. Blood donor white blood cell reduction filters as a source of human peripheral blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Transfusion 2005;45: Ivanovic Z, Duchez P, Morgan DA, Hermitte F, Lafarge X, Chevaleyre J, et al. Whole-blood leuko-depletion filters as a source of CD 34+ progenitors potentially usable in cell therapy. Transfusion 2006; 46: Pickl WF, Majdic O, Kohl P, Stockl J, Riedl E, Scheinecker C, et al. Molecular and functional characteristics of dendritic cells generated from highly purified CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes. J Immunol 1996;157: Reddy A, Sapp M, Feldman M, Subklewe M, Bhardwaj N. A monocyte conditioned medium is more effective than defined cytokines in mediating the terminal maturation of human dendritic cells. Blood 1997;90:

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