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1 대한남성과학회지 : 제 29 권제 3 호 20 년 2 월 Korean J Androl. Vol. 29, No. 3, December 20 병무청자료로분석한우리나라젊은남성에서의비뇨기계질환의빈도 영남대학교의과대학비뇨기과학교실, 2 경남지방병무청 송필현 ㆍ권상택 2 ㆍ김현태 ㆍ문기학 The Prevalence of Urologic Disease in Young Men Based on a Review of Korean Military Conscription Examination Results Phil Hyun Song, Sang Taek Kwon 2, Hyun Tae Kim, Ki Hak Moon Department of Urology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, 2 Gyungnam Military Manpower Administration, Changwon, Korea =Abstract= Purpose: We aimed to elucidate the prevalence of urologic disease in young men by reviewing the results of military conscription examinations in the Republic of Korea. Materials and Methods: The results of 65,32 conscription examinations undertaken by the military manpower administration offices in Seoul, Korea from January, 2006 to December, 2007 were reviewed. The physical examinations were conducted based on the Ministry of National Defense implementing ordinance No Results: Twenty eight hundred fifty-three (0.46%) examinees were found to have urologic diseases, among which urinary tract infection was the most frequent (0.6%) single disease entity, followed by testicular absence (0.2%), single kidney (0.05%), varicocele (0.04%), urolithiais (0.03%), and cryptorchidism (0.0%). Among the 6 examinees with penile amputation, 5 had been surgically amputated due to gender identity problems. Conclusions: With modifications of the Korean conscription examination and long-term evaluation, its results could help elucidate the prevalence of urologic diseases in young males in Korea. Key Words: Young adult, Urologic diseases, Prevalence 서 전세계적으로다양한질환들의유병률에대한연구가이루어지고있으나, 상대적으로건강한시 접수일자 : 20 년 0 월 20 일, 수정일자 : ( 차 ) 20 년 2 월 4 일, (2 차 ) 20 년 2 월 일, 게재일자 : 20 년 2 월 일교신저자 : 문기학, 영남대학교의과대학비뇨기과학교실대구시남구대명동 Tel: , Fax: Khmoon@med.yu.ac.kr 론 기에해당되는초기성년기를대상으로한연구, 특히비뇨기계질환들의유병률에대한연구는드문실정이다. 또한징병검사혹은군신체검사와연관되어조사된문헌들은심혈관계, 내분비계및신경정신계질환에대한조사들이비교적많았고, -3 비뇨기계질환들에대한연구에서는대부분하나의질환에초점을맞추고있는연구들이대부분으로단일기관계에발생하는질환들의전반적인유병률에관한연구는흔하지않은실정이다. 4,5 이에저자들은초기성년기남성들을대상으로 2
2 송필현외 : 병무청자료로분석한우리나라젊은남성에서의비뇨기계질환의빈도 29 한징병검사에서비뇨기계질환들의분포를조사함으로써, 대한민국초기성년기남성들의비뇨기계질환들의빈도를알아보고자하였다. 대상및방법 2006 년 월부터 2007 년 2 월까지대한민국징병검사를시행한초기성년기의남성수검자 65,32 명 ( 평균연령 20.2±2.4 세, 범위 30 세 ) 을대상으로중앙신체검사소와전국 0 개지방병무청에서국방부령제 590 호에의거하여시행한징병신체검사의결과를후향적으로조사하였다. 신체검사전설문조사에의해수검자들의치료병력및현재증상에대한조사를시행하였고, 각 Table. Prevalence of urologic disease among 65,32 examinees Disease No. of patients (%) Urinary tract infection Testicular absence Unilateral Bilateral Single kidney Varicocele Urolithiasis Cryptorchidism Unilateral Bilateral Malignant tumor Obstructive uropathy Nutcracker Hypospadias Glanular Scrotal Neurogenic bladder Benign tumor Urethral stricture Azoospermia Simple renal cyst Penile amputation Hydrocele VUR Urinary Tbc Non-specific gross hematuria Horseshoe kidney Nephrotopsis Duplicated ureter Renal transplant recipient Sponge kidney Organic erectile dysfunction Permanent urinary diversion 967 (0.57%) 723 (0.75%) 67 (0.002%) 45 (0.0073%) 22 (0.045%) 253 (0.04%) 6 (0.0262%) 0 (0.030%) 75 (0.022%) 5 (0.000%) 67 (0.009%) 55 (0.009%) 42 (0.006%) 27 (0.0044%) 3 (0.002%) 4 (0.0023%) 26 (0.0042%) 24 (0.0039%) 2 (0.0034%) 20 (0.0033%) 20 (0.0033%) 6 (0.0026%) 4 (0.0023%) 3 (0.002%) 6 (0.0009%) 6 (0.0009%) 3 ( %) (0.0006%) (0.0006%) (0.0006%) 병력이나증상에따라서신체검사를시행하는해당과에통보되도록하였다. 또한현재치료중이거나치료받은병력이있을경우자신이치료받은의료기관에서병사용진단서와의무기록을제출하도록하였다. 정확한진단을위해특수검사가필요할경우각지역의지정의료기관에의뢰하여시행하도록하였고, 일부중증의질환과그정도가모호하여판정이애매한경우에는병무청산하중앙신체검사소에의뢰하여판정을시행하였다. 이번연구결과에서나타난총 27 종류의비뇨기계질환들을세부영역별로분류하여, 소아및선천성질환, 감염증, 그리고, 남성과학질환등으로분류하여그비율을함께조사하였다. 결. 대한민국초기성년기남성들의비뇨기계질환들의빈도 총 65,32 명의수검자중 2,53 명 (0.46%) 이비뇨기계질환에이환되어있는것으로나타났다. 이중단일질환분류상가장빈도가높은비뇨기계질환은요로감염이 967 명 (0.6%) 으로가장흔하였고, 고환결손 723 명 (0.2%), 단일신 22 명 (0.05%), 정계정맥류 253 명 (0.04%), 요로결석 6 명 (0.03%), 정류고환 0 명 (0.0%) 순이었다 (Table ). 한편, 음경절단이 6 명 (0.0036%) 있었는데, 6 명중 5 명은성전환수술을시행한수검자였고, 나머지한명은사고에의해절단된경우였다. 2. 대한민국초기성년기남성들의비뇨기계질환들의세부영역별분류 이번연구결과에서나타난총 27 종류의비뇨기계질환과 2,53 명의이환자들을세부영역별로분류하였을때소아및선천성질환이 2 종으로가장많은종류와가장높은비율 (44.06%) 을나타냈고, 그다음은감염증으로 34.% 를보였다. 그리고, 남성과학질환은 0.7% 의비율을보였다 (Table 2). 남성불임의가장흔한원인중의하나이고치료가능성이높은질환인정계정맥류의경우, 대상자중 253 명 (0.04%) 에서정계정맥류절제술의병력및현증이관찰되었다. 양측고환에서정계정맥류가발생한경우는 3 명 (2.3%) 이었고, 좌측에발생한경우는 2 명 (6.2%), 우측에발생한경우는 4 과
3 220 대한남성과학회지 : 제 29 권제 3 호 20 Table 2. Classification of urologic disease among 2,53 men who have urologic disease Disease categories Name of disease No.of patients Rate (%) Pediatric & congenital disease Infection Infertility & sexual dysfunction Stone disease Oncology Voiding dysfunction Others Testicular absence Single kidney Cryptorchidism Obstructive uropathy Nutcracker syndrome Hypospadias Hydrocele VUR Horseshoe kidney Nephrotopsis Duplicated ureter Sponge kidney Urinary tract infection Urinary Tbc Varicocele Azoospermia Penile amputation Organic erectile dysfunction Urolithiasis Malignant tumor Benign tumor Simple renal cyst Neurogenic bladder Urethral stricture Non-specific gross hematuria Renal transplant recipient Permanent urinary diversion 명 (.5%) 이었다. 정계정맥류군에서수술을시행한경우는 4 명 (6.2%) 이었고, 모두좌측에발생한경우였으며, 수술이유는통증 (42.%), 불편감 (36.4%) 및고환위축 (7.%) 등이었다. 고 국내의비뇨기계질환의유병률에관한조사는대개한지역사회를중심으로단일질환에대하여이루어져왔으며, 주연구대상질환은남성성기능장애, 6 성전파성질환, 7 전립선질환, 요로결석 9 등이있었다. 특히 9 20 세를대상으로한연구들은본연구와같이병무청의협조를받아조사한연구들이었으며, 4,5,0 징병검사의특성상누적된자료가광범위한공공기관인병무청의도움을받는것은자료수집에많은이점이있을것이다. 요로감염은 Lee 등 7 이언급한바와같이저자들의연구에서도비뇨기계질환중가장높은빈도를보였다. 이번연구의경우, 모든신체검사수검자 찰 들에게소변검사를시행하여요로감염의유무를확인하였으며, 징병검사의특성상신체검사당시요로감염의존재가판정의기준이므로과거병력은고려하지않았다. 병무청신체검사수검자들을대상으로삼은 Kim 등 5 의연구에서는서혜부탈장및음낭수종의유병률을 2.3% 로보고하여, 본연구에서의 % 와는많은차이를보이고있다. 이는다른연구들도저자들의연구에서와같이병무청신체검사수검자들을대상으로하였지만, 비뇨기계질환에대해조사할것이라고사전동의를구하고적극적인문진및이학적검사를시행하였으나, 본연구에서는설문조사에의해수검자들의치료병력및현재증상에대해조사를시행한후필요시진료를시행하였는데, 이러한점에서빈도에차이가발생하였을것으로생각한다. 이와같은이유로, 서혜부탈장및음낭수종과함께대표적인소아비뇨기질환인잠복고환의빈도 (0.0%) 또한다른연구 (.06%) 에서보다낮았던것으로생각된다.
4 송필현외 : 병무청자료로분석한우리나라젊은남성에서의비뇨기계질환의빈도 22 대한민국초기성년기남성들의비뇨기계질환들의세부영역별분류에서는본연구결과에서나타난총 27가지의비뇨기계질환중소아및선천성질환이 2종으로 44.06% 를차지하여가장높은비율을나타내었다. 이를통해초기성년기역시소아기질환의빈도가연속해서영향을미친다는것과, 향후적절한추적관찰이필요함을알수있었다. 남성과학질환은 4종 ( 정계정맥류, 무정자증, 음경절단, 기질성발기부전 ) 으로총 0.7% 의비율을차지하여소아기질환들과감염증다음의비율을보였고, 이중음경절단환자 6명에서 5명은성전환수술을받은수검자라는점은성적소수자들이사회적논란이되었던점과맞물려주목할만한결과였다. 또한이번연구에서정계정맥류는 0.04% 의빈도를보여, 5 9세의 % 에서정계정맥류를보인다고한이전의다른연구들결과보다낮았다. 2,3 이는정계정맥류의경우대게무증상인경우가많음에도불구하고, 본연구에서는징병검사의특성상정계정맥류절제술을시행받았거나통증등의증상이있는수검자들의경우에만이번조사에포함된제한점때문에이런결과가있었던것으로생각된다. 하지만, 통증과같은증상이있는정계정맥류의유병률을 0.3.5% 로보고한다른연구들과비교하고, 4,5 징병검사라는특수성을고려한다면, 큰차이가나지않는것으로생각한다. 비록이번연구에서정계정맥류에대한적극적인문진및이학적검사를시행하지않아그발생빈도가다른문헌보고에비해낮게나타난아쉬움이있지만, 남성불임에대한초기성년기정계정맥류의중요성을고려할때이들연령군에서정계정맥류의적극적인검진이징병신체검사에서도필요할것으로생각된다. 이번연구는전국의초기성년기의전반적인비뇨기계질환의빈도를조사한최초의연구보고로서향후에도전국단위의병무청신체검사자료를장기적으로조사하고분석한다면비뇨기계질환에대한초기성년기의유병률을정확히파악하는데도움이될것으로생각한다. 결 이번연구에서단일질환으로요로감염, 세부영역별분류에서는소아및선천성질환의비율이가 론 장높았다. 하지만, 현재징병검사체계에서비뇨기계질환의유병률을정확히알아보는데있어서는아직한계와문제점이존재하는것으로보인다. 그러나, 앞으로징병검사방식에대한점진적인개선이이루어지고장기적인조사및분석을시행하면서그결과를지속적으로누적시킨다면초기성년기에발생하는비뇨기계질환의정확한유병률을밝히는데기여할것으로생각하며, 이들연령군에대한정계정맥류와같은비뇨기계질환의홍보와교육이필요할것으로생각한다. REFERENCES ) Kark M, Rasmussen F. High systolic blood pressure increases the risk of obtaining a disability pension because of cardiovascular disease: a cohort study of Swedish men. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2009;6: ) Karnehed NE, Rasmussen F, Hemmingsson T, Tynelius P. Obesity in young adulthood is related to social mobility among Swedish men. Obesity (Silver Spring) 200;6:654-3) Osler M, Nordentoft M, Andersen AM. Childhood social environment and risk of drug and alcohol abuse in a cohort of Danish men born in 953. Am J Epidemiol 2006;63: ) Ku JH, Son HC, Hur JS, Kwak C, Kim SW, Paick JS, et al. Epidemiologic study about varicoceles of 9 year-old men in chung-nam province. Korean J Androl 2002;20: ) Kim DH, Ku JH, Lee NK. Epidemiologic study about inguinal hernia and hydrocele performed in young men in daejeon city and chung-nam area. Korean J Urol 2002;43:7-5 6) Park SW, Park HJ, Park NC. Prevalence and knowledge of premature ejaculation in the area of Busan. Korean J Androl 2004;22:9-23 7) Lee SJ, Ha US, Kim SW, Cho YH, Yoon MS. Prevalence of chlamydial and gonococcal infections and sexual behavior in university students in Korea. Korean J Urol 2004;45:707-3 ) Park HK, Park H, Cho SY, Bae J, Jeong SJ, Hong SK, et al. The prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia in elderly men in Korea: a community-based study. Korean J Urol 2009;50:43-7 9) Jo MK, Kwak C, Park SK, Yoo KY, Kang DH, Kim
5 222 대한남성과학회지 : 제 29 권제 3 호 20 HH, et al. Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of urolithiasis for adults aged in Seoul, Korea. Korean J Urol 2000;4: ) Niedzielski J, Paduch D, Raczynski P. Assessment of adolescent varicocele. Pediatr Surg Int 997;2: 40-3 ) Wenzler DL, Bloom DA, Park JM. What is the rate of spontaneous testicular descent in infants with cryptorchidism? J Urol 2004;7:49-5 2) Kumanov P, Robeva RN, Tomova A. Adolescent varicocele: who is at risk? Pediatrics 200;2:e53-7 3) Nussinovitch M, Greenbaum E, Amir J, Volovitz B. Prevalence of adolescent varicocele. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 200;55:55-6 4) Marmar JL, Kim Y. Subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy: a technical critique and statistical analysis of semen and pregnancy data. J Urol 994;52: ) Yeniyol CO, Tuna A, Yener H, Zeyrek N, Tilki A. High ligation to treat pain in varicocele. Int Urol Nephrol 2003;35:65-
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