정답및해설 p.p.~6 have[has] + 과거분사 (p.p.) 현재완료는과거시점부터현재시점까지의동작이나상태의 < 완료 결과 경험 계속 > 을나타낸다. 현재완료형은과거시제와비슷하게해석되지만, 과거보다는그동작이나상태가현재에미치는영향등현재와의관련성에초점을맞춰표현할때사용한

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연두 어
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1 0 시제 POINT >>> 동작이나상태가언제일어났느냐를표현하기위해 < 현재 과거 미래 > 즉, <is, was, will be> 등과같이동사의형태를바꾸어쓴다. 이처럼시간을나타내기위해변하는동사의형태를시제라한다. 현재시제 과거시제 현재 과거 미래 a 현재 [ 과거 ] 의습관, 반복적행위, 상태, 동작 I catch the 8 o clock train every day. Baseball season usually starts in April. 3 I heard the news an hour ago. b 진리, 일반적사실 ( 현재시제 ) / 역사적사실 ( 과거시제 ) Summer follows spring. Shakespeare died in 66. 미래시제사람의의지와관련하여, 단순미래와의지미래로나눈다. a 단순미래 6 Tomorrow s weather will be cold and cloudy. b 의지미래 7 I will give you my answer tomorrow. ( 주어의의지 ) 8 Shall I get you a chair? - Yes, please. / No, thanks. ( 상대방의의지 ) 9 Will you have some more potatoes? ( 상대방의의지 ) will / shall 이외의미래표현 가까운미래를나타내는어구 (tomorrow, soon 등 ) 가있거나, 가까운미래에일어날확실한예정ㆍ계획이있는일인경우, 또는시간ㆍ조건의부사절에서현재시제나현재진행형으로미래를나타낸다. 자주쓰이는동사로 go, come, start, leave, arrive, begin, stop 등이있다. a 현재시제 0 The festival begins soon. The train leaves 0 pm. Let s wait until it stops raining. < 시간의부사절 > 3 If it is sunny tomorrow, we ll go climbing. < 조건의부사절 > b 현재진행형 be + v-ing I m visiting my aunt this Saturday. c be going to 할예정이다 / be about to 막 하려고하다 We are going to have lunch in a few minutes. 6 The film is about to start. min will/shall 중빈칸에알맞은말써넣기 Check up. I come next Sunday? -- Yes, please do so.. you have another cup of tea? -- No, thank you. 3. we eat out? -- Yes, let s. 8 능률기본영어

2 정답및해설 p.p.~6 have[has] + 과거분사 (p.p.) 현재완료는과거시점부터현재시점까지의동작이나상태의 < 완료 결과 경험 계속 > 을나타낸다. 현재완료형은과거시제와비슷하게해석되지만, 과거보다는그동작이나상태가현재에미치는영향등현재와의관련성에초점을맞춰표현할때사용한다. 동작의완료 ( 지금막 ) 했다, 해버렸다 just, now, already, yet 등의부사와함께쓰이는경우가많다. I have just cleaned my room. I have already had lunch, so I m not hungry. 3 They have not arrived at the museum yet. 동작의결과 했다, ( 그결과 ) 지금 하다 Tony isn t at home. He has gone out. I have lost my wallet. 현재까지의경험 ( 지금까지 ) 한적이있다 ever, never, before, often, once, twice, ~ times(~ 번 ) 등의부사와함께쓰이는경우가많다. 6 I have seen this film before. 7 Have you ever met a famous movie star? 현재까지의동작 상태의계속 ( 지금까지 ) 죽 해오고있다 for, since, these days, all one s life 등의부사와함께쓰이는경우가많다. 8 He has been ill since last week. 9 I haven t slept for two days. have been to 와 have gone to 0 Have you ever been to Paris? < 경험 > 에가본적이있다 He has gone to his country. < 결과 > 로가버렸다, 가서지금없다 현재완료가쓰일수없는경우현재완료는과거부터현재에걸친시간개념이므로명백히과거의시점을나타내는부사 [ 부사구 ] (ago, just now, last week 등 ) 나의문사 when 과는함께쓰일수없다. min < 보기 > 에서알맞은것고르기 Check up. Bill has come to school without his glasses, so now.. David hasn t finished his work, so now. 3. John has gone to Italy, so now. < 보기 > (a) his place is empty (b) he can t read the blackboard (c) he must go on working 0 시제 9

3 3 had + 과거분사 (p.p.) 과거보다더이전의시점 ( 대과거 ) 부터특정한과거시점까지의동작이나상태의 < 완료 결과 경험 계속 > 을나타낸다. 완료 ( 그때막 ) 하였다, 해버렸다 I had finished my lunch when you came. When I entered the classroom, the lesson had already begun. 결과 해서 ( 그때 ) 이되어있었다 3 I had lost my bag when I left the train. 경험 ( 그때까지 ) 한적이있었다 I had never met him until then. 계속 ( 그때까지 ) 죽 하고있었다 I had been ill for two weeks, so I couldn t go there. 6 Mr. Lee had lived there for thirty years when the war broke out. 대과거과거에발생한두사건중먼저일어난일은과거완료로표현한다. 7 I recognized the man at once, for I had seen him before. 8 Everything went on as I had expected. will[shall] + have + 과거분사 (p.p.) 현재시점부터특정한미래시점까지의동작이나상태의 < 완료 결과 경험 계속 > 을나타낸다. 9 I will have finished the job by six o clock. < 완료 > 0 I will have gone on a trip by the time you come. < 결과 > If she wins again, she will have won three times. < 경험 > I will have lived here for ten years by next May. < 계속 > min 괄호안에서알맞은것고르기 Check up. I couldn t find the book he (lends / had lent) me yesterday.. We (will have known / had known) each other for three years by April. 3. He lost the bag I (had bought / has bought) him two days before.. By the time you read this, I (am leaving / will have left) for Chicago. 0 능률기본영어

4 정답및해설 p.6 be + 현재분사 (v-ing) 대개그시점에서진행중인동작을나타내며, 비교적짧고제한된기간동안만계속되는것을전제로한다. 진행중인동작 하고있는중이다 I can t answer the phone. I m washing my hair. < 현재진행형 > What were you doing at three o clock yesterday? < 과거진행형 > 3 He will be waiting there when you arrive. < 미래진행형 > 습관적인행위 always, continually 등의부사와함께쓰여, 말하는사람의 < 불평, 비난 > 의의미를나타낸다. Fred is always telling lies. You re continually making poor excuses. 완료진행형 a 현재완료진행형 : have[has] been v-ing 계속 하고있는중이다 현재까지의동작의계속을나타낸다. 6 How long have you been waiting for me? b 과거완료진행형 : had been v-ing 계속 하고있었다 과거의어떤때를기점으로, 그이전에시작한동작이그때까지계속되고있음을나타낸다. 7 He seemed sleepy because he had been studying all night. c 미래완료진행형 : will[shall] have been v-ing ( 미래의그시점까지 ) 계속 하고있는중일것이다 8 It will have been raining for seven days by tomorrow. 인식 (know, understand, remember), 감각 (hear, see), 감정 (like, love, hate), 소유 (have, belong to), 상태 (be, resemble) 를나타내는동사들은그의미상진행형으로쓸수없다. min 밑줄친부분올바르게고치기 Check up. She is living here for years.. Bill and I have been knowing each other since high school. 3. I am remembering my first teacher. 0 시제

5 정답및해설 p.p.6~7 6 시제일치 종속절의시제가주절의시제에따라결정되는것을말한다. 주절의동사가현재인경우, 종속절에는문맥에따라다양한시제가올수있다. 그러나주절의동사가과거 ( 완료 ) 이면종속절의시제도과거 ( 완료 ) 가되어야한다. Jane thinks that John loves[will love/has loved/loved] her. Jane thought that John loved[had loved] her. 시제일치의예외 a 불변의진리, 격언 : 현재시제 3 My father always said that time is money. The child learned that ten times ten is a hundred. b 현재의습관, 사실 : 현재시제 I told him that I always go fishing on weekends. 6 She said she lives in Seoul. c 역사적사실 : 과거시제 7 He told me that the nd World War ended in 9. cf. He told me that the nd World War had ended in 9. ( ) d 가정법 : 가정법의시제는주절의시제에영향받지않는다. (*07 가정법참고 ) 8 He says that he would write to her if he knew her address. 9 He said that he would write to her if he knew her address. e 비교구문 : 비교하는내용에따라현재나과거시제 0 She was happier five years ago than she is now. min 괄호안의동사를알맞게변형하여넣기 Check up. We thought we win the game. (will). We learned that the sun in the east. (rise) 3. The building is older than it before. (is). He said that his father up at 7:30 every morning. (get). He says that Napoleon in 8. (die) 능률기본영어

6 문법연습 > Level 정답및해설 p 다음문장에서틀린부분을찾아바르게고치시오. ⑴ Don t use this door until the paint will be dry. ⑵ I sold the house I have lived in for more than 30 years. ⑶ He is resembling his father in appearance. 두문장이같은뜻이되도록빈칸에알맞은말을써넣으시오. ⑴ I knew her ten years ago. I still know her. = I her for ten years. ⑵ He has lost his book. = He his book and he doesn t it now. ⑶ She went to Canada and she is not here now. = She to Canada. ⑷ It is ten years since Helen died. = Helen for ten years. 03 괄호안에주어진어구를문맥에맞게변형하시오. ⑴ When I (see) her tomorrow, I (tell) her everything. ⑵ We learned today that the Civil War (break out) in 86. ⑶ I was late for school yesterday. When I (get) to the classroom, the lesson (already start). ⑷ I (don t see) my parents for years. 0 문맥에맞도록 < 보기 > 에서알맞은단어를고르시오. < 보기 > a yet b already c never d for days ⑴ She hasn t started translating the book. ⑵ I have been waiting your call. ⑶ I had been on a plane with anyone famous before. 0 괄호안에주어진단어중문맥상알맞은것을고르시오. Dean isn t at home. He has (gone / been) to America. His wife Joanne has (gone / been) to America with him several times, but she hasn t (gone / been) with him this time. 0 시제 3

7 문 법 연 습 > Level 06 다음 (A), (B), (C) 의각네모안에서어법에맞는표현을고르시오. 정답및해설 p.p.7~8 If it (A) is sunny / will be sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park and have our picnic. We are leaving the school at :00, so parents who are driving (B) need / needs to be at school by 0:0. At that time you (C) receive / will receive car assignments and tickets. 07 빈칸 (A) 와 (B) 에가장적절한것끼리짝지은것은? I wanted to attend my sister s wedding in Florida, but it was difficult for me to travel by myself. Although my health had improved a lot, I (A) for such a long time that I was still too weak to even pick up a bottle. But I really wanted to go. I encouraged myself, and at last I (B) for Florida by train. (A) (B) had been ill... left has been ill... left 3 had been ill... had left has been ill... had left 08 다음글의밑줄친부분중, 어법상틀린것은? They say that these days many marriages end within five years. That certainly wasn t the case for Noah and Mary Barnett! They got married on February, 90. Seventy-nine years later the Barnetts, both 98, are still married and in love. They lived in the same house for 7 years and 3 have raised five children who have given them grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Mr. Barnett says he has loved Mary since they were five. She was the prettiest girl I ever saw, he remembers. Even now she is pretty. Not to you, maybe, but to me she is. How romantic! 능률기본영어

8 독해적용 > Reading & Structure 정답및해설 p.8 0 다음글에나타난필자의심경으로가장적절한것은? Right now, I m looking at the mountains, gazing at the evergreens along the horizon. By this time tomorrow, I will have arrived at the farm. For the rest of my vacation, I m going to help around the farm, doing chores like any other employee. The job will help me to forget everything and help me to feel better. I especially need to feel better at this time in my life, because last night I received the bad news that Papa Victor had become a victim of time. The death of that man caused part of my heart to die, too. He had been such an important part of my life. He passed away from natural causes during his travels, and was buried on land I have never been to. bored 3 satisfied nervous sorrowful excited 0 다음글의내용과일치하는것은? Last night my wife and I had dinner at a restaurant where we have eaten many times before. My wife had been looking forward to the dinner for days. Last night, however, the service was terrible. The waiter had prepared nothing for the guests. I ordered chicken with mushrooms, but he brought chicken with cream sauce. My wife got her main course OK, but he put the wrong kind of salad dressing on her salad. We didn t say anything to the waiter. We just ate what he had brought us. I knew that the usual amount for a tip is %. I wanted to leave 0%, but my wife insisted we should just leave % to show that we were not happy with his service. 필자와아내는어제처음으로이레스토랑을이용했다. 필자는저녁으로닭고기와버섯요리를먹었다. 3 필자와아내는요리가마음에안들어다시주문했다. 필자는아내보다팁을더많이남기고자했다. 필자가레스토랑에남긴팁은 % 였다. words clip gaze[geiz] 응시하다 horizon[h ráizân] 지평선 chore[t ; ] 잡일 employee[émpl i;] 고용인 victim 희생자 pass away 가버리다 ; * 죽다 (die에비해완곡한표현 ) from natural causes 노쇠로인한 look forward to v-ing 을고대하다 terrible[tèr bâl] 끔찍한 mushroom[m= ru(;)m] 버섯 dressing ( 샐러드등에넣는 ) 드레싱 insist 주장하다 0 시제

9 독 해 적 용 > Reading & Structure 정답및해설 p.p.8~9 03 다음글에서주인공 I 가마지막에느꼈을심경으로가장적절한것은? After Matt and I had been going out for a while, he invited me over for dinner with his parents. At first I was a bit nervous because I hadn t met them before. Everything was going well, and I started to relax a little. I decided to playfully kick Matt s foot secretly under the table. However, he didn t react, so I kicked again and again. Eventually, Matt s dad cleared his throat and said, seriously, Will you please stop kicking me? I haven t been back since then! embarrassed 3 grateful annoyed cheerful depressed 0 다음글바로뒤에올내용으로가장적절한것은? When I first learned that 70 percent of the Earth is covered with water, I was wondering why we have always had water shortages. But the fact is that only 3 percent of the water on Earth is really available for us to drink. The oceans hold 97 percent of the water on Earth and, of course, that water is salty. Huge glaciers hold most of the fresh water, and that is not available to us as drinking water either. Be a good scientist and make a list of what changes are taking place that will cause water shortages. Here are some things you might include in your list. *glacier[glèi ] 빙하 물부족현상을방지하기위한대책들 물부족현상을일으키는원인들 3 물부족현상을극복한지역들 물의오염이생태계에미치는영향 물이인간에게주는여러가지혜택 words clip 3 go out 외출하다 ; * 사귀다 nervous[ná; vâs] 긴장한 relax 긴장을풀다 playfully 장난스럽게 react 반응하다 clear one s throat 헛기침을하다 wonder[w=nd ] 놀라다 ; * 궁금해하다 shortage[ ; tid,] 부족, 결핍 available[ vèil bâl] 이용할수있는 huge [hju;d,] 거대한 fresh water 담수 ( 淡水 ) take place 일어나다 (=happen) 6 능률기본영어

10 어휘공부 >>> Words Study 필수다의어 & 구동사 order [ ; d ] 명령하다 주문하다 3 순서 The soldiers ordered him to drop his weapon. I ordered some flowers online for her. 3 This is a list of the best movies in alphabetical order. 군인들이그에게무기를내려놓으라고명령했다. 나는그녀를위해인터넷으로꽃을주문했다. 이것은알파벳순서로되어있는우수영화의목록이다. plant [pl nt] 식물 공장 3 심다 What is the name of the plant by the window? The chemical plant is located in Maryland. 3 If you plant good seeds, you will get a good crop. 창가에있는식물의이름이무엇인가요? 그화학공장은메릴랜드에위치해있다. 만약당신이좋은씨앗을심는다면, 좋은곡식을얻을것이다. store [st ; ] 가게 저장하다 He opened a shoe store in Baltimore. Squirrels store food for the winter months. 그는볼티모어에신발가게를열었다. 다람쥐들은겨울을위해음식을저장해둔다. bring about bring up 야기하다, 초래하다 (=cause) 기르다 (=raise) The Internet brought about a great change in education. She was brought up by a loving mother and father. >>> Exercise 인터넷은교육에있어엄청난변화를야기시켰다. 그녀는애정이많은아버지와어머니에의해양육되었다. 정답및해설 p.9 다음에서설명하는단어가무엇인지 < 보기 > 에서골라쓰시오. < 보기 > order plant store. to keep something for a later time:. to tell someone to do something: 3. to put seeds, flowers, etc. in the ground to grow: 다음빈칸에알맞은단어나어구를쓰시오.. Her carelessness the accident. 그녀의부주의가그사고를초래했다.. Joe as the member of the family. 조는그가족의구성원으로서길러졌다. 0 시제 7

2 min 응용 말하기 01 I set my alarm for 7. 02 It goes off. 03 It doesn t go off. 04 I sleep in. 05 I make my bed. 06 I brush my teeth. 07 I take a shower.

2 min 응용 말하기 01 I set my alarm for 7. 02 It goes off. 03 It doesn t go off. 04 I sleep in. 05 I make my bed. 06 I brush my teeth. 07 I take a shower. 스피킹 매트릭스 특별 체험판 정답 및 스크립트 30초 영어 말하기 INPUT DAY 01 p.10~12 3 min 집중 훈련 01 I * wake up * at 7. 02 I * eat * an apple. 03 I * go * to school. 04 I * put on * my shoes. 05 I * wash * my hands. 06 I * leave