서론 C형간염바이러스 (hepatitis C virus, HCV) 는만성간질환을일으키는주요원인중의하나로, 세계적으로는매년 3-4백만명이 HCV에감염되어 1억 5천만가량의인구가 HCV에의한만성간질환을앓고있으며매년 35만명이 HCV에의한간질환으로사망한다 [1]. C형간염은
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1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Qualitative Test v2.0 with COBAS AMPLICOR Hepatitis C Virus Test v2.0 for the Qualitative Detection of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Korean Clinical Samples Soohun Yoo 1, Younhee Park 2, Hwan-Sub Lim 2, Young Ran Kim 1, Jung Eun Sim 1, and Hyon-Suk Kim 1 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea Corresponding author: Hyon-Suk Kim Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: Fax: kimhs54@yuhs.ac Background: We comparatively evaluated the performance of the conventional COBAS Amplicor HCV test v2.0 (CAM; Roche Molecular Systems, USA) and the newly developed COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV test v2.0 (CAP/CTM; Roche Molecular Systems) for qualitative detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in clinical samples. Methods: Six hundred serum samples (100 HCV-positive, 500 HCV-negative, as determined by CAM) were selected and analysed using the new qualitative HCV RNA test, CAP/CTM qualitative test. Results were compared by confirmatory CAP/CTM quantitative test, which is a quantitative HCV RNA real-time polymerase chain reaction by Roche Molecular Systems, and anti-hcv test (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany). Twenty-two additional serum samples, which gave a gray zone result by CAM, were selected for comparison. Results: The two qualitative HCV RNA assays yielded concordant results for 586 of 600 tested samples (concordance rate, 97.7%; kappa coefficient, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 0.96; P<0.001). Upon re-testing by CAM, we found that the concordance rate increased to 98.2% (kappa coefficient, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.97; P<0.001). The additional 22 samples showing gray zone results for CAM were retested and were also tested by CAP/CTM. The results for 13 of these samples changed to negative and were now concordant with the CAP/CTM and confirmatory CAP/CTM quantitative results. For the remaining samples, the results were variable. For all the 22 samples, the results of the new CAP/CTM were in agreement with those obtained by confirmatory CAP/CTM quantitative test. Conclusions: The results of the two assays were in good agreement, with 97.7% concordance rate. However, CAP/CTM is more sensitive than CAM and showed no gray zone results. Therefore, it can be a more efficient and useful test for the qualitative detection of HCV RNA in clinical samples. ( J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:93-9) Key Words: Hepatitis C virus, Qualitative HCV RNA assay, COBAS Amplicor, COBAS AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan, Quantitative HCV RNA real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) pissn: X eissn: Received July 26, 2013, Revision received November 28, 2013, Accepted November 28, 2013 Copyright 2013 The Korean Association of Quality Assurance for Clinical Laboratory 93
2 서론 C형간염바이러스 (hepatitis C virus, HCV) 는만성간질환을일으키는주요원인중의하나로, 세계적으로는매년 3-4백만명이 HCV에감염되어 1억 5천만가량의인구가 HCV에의한만성간질환을앓고있으며매년 35만명이 HCV에의한간질환으로사망한다 [1]. C형간염은 pegylated interferon-alpha 와 ribavirin 의병합요법으로약 50% 의환자에서영구적으로 HCV의제거가가능하다고보고되고있다 [2,3]. 항바이러스제치료중 HCV의복제와동역학에대한평가는환자개인마다치료기간을결정하는데영향을주므로치료도중 HCV RNA 추적검사는국제적치료지침에의해추천되고있다 [4]. 따라서보다민감하고넓은검출범위를가진검사를통한 HCV RNA를검출하는것이더욱중요하게되었다. HCV의치료를결정하기위해서는최소한 15 IU/mL의최소검출한계를가지는검사법을통한정성및정량검사결과가요구되고있다 [5]. HCV RNA의검출을위해현재임상검사실에서는 COBAS Amplicor Monitor test (CAM; Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA, USA) 가널리사용되고있는데, 검사자가검체로부터 RNA를추출하여장비에장착하면중합효소연쇄반응 (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) 법으로핵산증폭후 HCV RNA의존재유무를검출하는방식이다 [6,7]. 정량적검사를위해서비교적최근부터사용되고있는 COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan system (CAP/CTM; Roche Molecular systems) 은같은제조회사장비이지만 AmpliPrep 장비를이용하여자동으로검체에서핵산이추출되고추출된 HCV RNA가도킹시스템으로자동으로 Taqman Analyzer 장비로옮겨져서 complementary DNA (cdna) 합성및실시간 PCR (realtime PCR) 까지자동으로이루어진다. 따라서검사자가검체를조작하면서발생할수있는오염및작업자의감염원에대한노출을최소화할수있다. 뿐만아니라실시간 PCR 법을이용하므로민감도와특이도를더높일수있다는장점이있다 [7-10]. 이와같이더개선된방법을사용하는 closed-system 의 CAP/CTM을이용하여 HCV RNA를정성적으로검출하는개선된시약이개발되었다. 저자들은새로개발되어국내에도입예정인 CAP/CTM 을이용한정성검사시약인 HCV qualitative test v2.0 시약 (Roche Molecular systems) 과현재사용되고있는 CAM HCV qualitative test v2.0 시약을이용한검사결과를비교분석하고, 새로운시약의성능을평가하고자하였다. 대상및방법 1. 연구대상연세대학교의과대학부속세브란스병원진단검사의학과에 HCV RNA 정성검사가의뢰되었던 2011년도검체중검체의양이충분하고상태가양호한잔여검체를수집하여익명화하고결과치를기록한후검사비교와정도관리목적으로수집하여두었던혈청검체들중에서선택하였다. HCV RNA 결과치를살펴서양성 100개와음성 500개의검체를무작위로선택하였다. 그리고이외에신규시약의진단성능을확인하고자기존 CAM 검사결과 gray zone을보이는혈청검체 22개를추가로더선택하였다. 선택된총 622검체에대해 CAP/CTM 을이용한 HCV RNA 정성검사를시행하여기존 CAM을이용하여시행한검사결과와비교하였다. 이때혹시라도냉동보관으로인한검체의불안정성영향을확인하고자다시기존 CAM 시약을이용하여재검하였으며, 불일치결과의확인을위해서정량적 HCV RNA 실시간 PCR법검사 (Roche Molecular systems) 와 anti-hcv 검사를시행하였다. 2. HCV RNA 검사와 anti-hcv 검사 1) RNA 추출본실험에서검체는모두혈청을사용하였는데, 선택된 -80 o C에냉동보관되었던혈청을녹인후 CAM의경우는전용시약을이용하여 200 μl의혈청검체로부터수작업으로 HCV RNA를추출하였다. CAP/CTM 의경우는 650 μl 의혈청검체를전용시약과함께자동화된핵산추출장비인 COBAS AmpliPrep 에장착하여핵산을추출하였다. 2) HCV RNA 정성검사두가지시약모두제조사의지침서에따라검사하였다. CAM HCV test ver. 2.0 assay (Roche Molecular systems) 는키트내에포함된전용시약으로 200 μl의검체로부터추출된 HCV RNA를사용하였다. 추출된 HCV RNA와 master mix 등전용시약을 COBAS Amplicor Analyzer 에장착하면장비내에서자동으로 target HCV RNA를 cdna로만들고 PCR로증폭한후핵산부합법으로발색된프로브양을 660 nm에서의흡광도치로측정하는방법이다. 제조사의설명서에따르면이검사의검출한계는혈장에서 50 IU/mL이고혈청에서는 60 IU/mL라고표시되어있다. 결과는양성, 음성, gray zone으로보고되는데, gray zone은 660 nm에서의흡광도가 인경우이 94 J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
3 며, 양성과음성은각각그이상과이하인경우이다. CAP/CTM HCV qualitative test v2.0 시약도제조사의지침대로검사하였는데, 전자동장비인 COBAS AmpliPrep 장비에서 HCV RNA가자동추출되고도킹시스템으로 COBAS TaqMan Analyzer 로옮겨져서전자동으로역전사반응과실시간중합효소반응법이일어난다. 결과의판독은검사자가 threshold cycle (Ct) value 로부터계산하는것이아니고 HCV RNA와 internal control RNA에대해미리입력된 Ct값에의해장비에서자동으로양성혹은음성으로보고된다. 이검사의검출한계는 15 IU/mL로표시되어있다. 이때핵산추출은검체 500 μl로부터이루어지는데실제로는적어도 650 μl의검체가있어야만반응이자동으로진행된다. 3) HCV RNA 실시간정량검사 (HCV real-time quantitative PCR, HCV RQ-PCR) HCV RNA의정량적측정은 CAP/CTM을이용하여제조사의지침서에따라시행하였다. 정성검사방법인 CAP/CTM과장비와원리는동일하고시약만 COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan HCV quantitation test, v.2.0을이용하는것으로서, 검체를전용 s-튜브에 650 μl 이상담아서직접전자동핵산추출장비인 AmpliPrep에장착하면자동으로핵산이추출되어도킹시스템으로 TaqMan Analyzer 장비로넘어가서 cdna 합성및 real-time PCR이진행되는데, 이때농도를아는표준 QS (quorum sensing) 물질과함께실시간중합효소반응법이이루어지게되어정량이가능한방법이다. 이정량검사시약의검출한계는 15 IU/mL로표시되어있다. 정성검사때와마찬가지로필요한장착검체량은 650 μl이지만실제 HCV RNA 측정에사용되는양은 500 μl이다. 4) Anti-HCV 검사 1차 CAM 검사결과 gray zone으로보고된 22검체를대상으로 COBAS e411 자동면역분석장비 (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) 를사용하여제조사의지침에따라 anti-hcv 검사를시행하였다. 3. 통계분석 Chi-square test 검정을통해정성결과를비교하고, 일치도와 kappa 계수를산출하였다. P값이 0.05 미만인경우유의한것으로판정하였다. 결과 먼저 gray zone 결과를제외한총 600 개의검체에서시 행한두가지 HCV RNA 정성검사결과가완전히일치한경 우는 586 건이었다 (Table 1). CAM 결과와 CAP/CTM 결과 의불일치가 14 건관찰되었다. CAP/CTM 검사에서양성을 보인경우는 HCV RQ-PCR 에서모두 HCV RNA 가측정되 었다. 즉일차로분석한두종류의정성검사결과간의일치 율은 97.7% 였으며, kappa 계수는 0.92 이었다 (95% 신뢰구 간, ; P<0.001). 그러나이검체들이 1 차검사 후냉동보관되었던점을감안하여동등한조건에서분석하 고자 CAP/CTM 검사를실시하면서다시한번 CAM 검사 를핵산추출부터재검하였으며, 확인검사로는정량검사인 HCV RQ-PCR 을실시하였다 (Table 2). 그결과불일치가 관찰되었던 14 건중 3 건은 2 차 CAM 결과양성에서음성으 로변경되어 CAP/CTM 결과와일치되었다. 2 차 CAM 재 검후에도결과가일치하지않았던 11 건중 1 건은음성에서 gray zone 으로, 또다른 1 건은양성에서 gray zone 으로변 경되었는데, 각각의 CAP/CTM 결과는양성과음성이었다. 2 차 CAM 결과음성 4 건은 CAP/CTM 결과는양성이었고, 2 차 CAM 결과양성이었던 5 건은 CAP/CTM 결과음성으 로나타났다. 2 차로재검한 CAM 에서변경된결과를가지 고다시 CAP/CTM 결과와비교하였을때두정성검사결과 간에 3 건이더일치되어 589 건의검체결과가일치하게되 었으며 ( 일치율 98.2%), kappa 계수는 0.93 이었다 (95% 신 뢰구간, ; P<0.001). 확인검사로 HCV RNA 정량검사를 CAP/CTM real-time PCR (HCV-RQ PCR) 로실시하였는데, 그결과는 CAP/ CTM 정성검사결과와모두일치하였다 (Table 2). 따라서 CAP/CTM 결과를확인검사로사용한정량검사를기준으로 한다면임상적민감도와특이도는각각 100% 로나타났다. Table 1. Comparison of results of two HCV RNA qualitative tests, CAM and CAP/CTM Variable Negative CAP/CTM Positive n=600 CAM Negative Positive Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; CAM, COBAS Amplicor Monitor HCV qualitative test v2.0; CAP/CTM, COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan qualitative HCV test v J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
4 Table 2. Confirmatory (quantitative HCV real-time polymerase chain reaction) test results for 14 samples for which discrepant results were obtained by the two qualitative HCV RNA assays Patient no. CAM 1st CAP/CTM qualitative CAM 2nd CAP/CTM quantitative (IU/mL) 1 Negative (0.004) Positive GZ (0.618) Negative (0.005) Positive Negative Negative (0.006) Positive Negative Negative (0.031) Positive Negative Negative (0.071) Positive Negative Positive (1.069) Negative Positive (1.044) Target not detected 7 Positive (1.376) Negative Negative Target not detected 8 Positive (1.413) Negative Positive (1.601) Target not detected 9 Positive (1.499) Negative Negative Target not detected 10 Positive (1.665) Negative Negative Target not detected 11 Positive (1.811) Negative GZ (0.824) Target not detected 12 Positive (2.299) Negative Positive (3.671) Target not detected 13 Positive (2.403) Negative Positive (1.186) Target not detected 14 Positive (2.727) Negative Positive (1.298) Target not detected Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; CAM, COBAS amplicor monitor HCV qualitative test v2.0; CAP/CTM qualitative, COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan qualitative HCV test v2.0; CAM 1st, first assay using COBAS amplicor monitor qualitative HCV test v2.0; CAM 2nd, repeat assay using COBAS amplicor monitor qualitative HCV test v2.0; GZ, gray zone. Table 3. Confirmatory results for the additional 22 samples showing gray-zone results in the conventional HCV CAM test CAM 1st CAM 2nd CAP/CTM qualitative CAP/CTM quantitative (IU/mL) Anti-HCV Total n=22 Gray zone* (total n=22) Negative (13) Negative (13) Target not detected (13) Negative 4 Positive 9 Positive (5) Negative (5) Target not detected (5) Negative 3 Positive 2 Gray zone (4) Positive (2) Positive Positive 1 Negative (2) Target not detected (2) Negative 1 Positive 1 Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; CAM, COBAS Amplicor Monitor qualitative HCV test v2.0; CAP/CTM qualitative, COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan qualitative HCV test v2.0; CAP/CTM quantitative, COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan quantitative HCV test v2.0; CAM 1st, first assay using COBAS Amplicor Monitor qualitative HCV test v2.0; CAM 2nd, repeat assay using COBAS Amplicor Monitor qualitative HCV test v2.0. *Gray zone: (absorbance unit at 660 nm). 양성과음성검체외에기존 CAM 검사에서는 gray zone 이라는결과가있기때문에이에대한평가를실시하였다. Gray zone 결과를보였던 22 개검체에대해 CAM 재검사, CAP/CTM 검사, HCV RQ-PCR, anti-hcv 검사를실시 96 J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
5 하였다 (Table 3). 1차와 2차 CAM 검사에서동일하게 gray zone 결과를보였던검체는 4개였는데, 이중 2개검체에서 CAP/CTM 결과는양성이었으며 HCV RQ-PCR 검사결과각각 IU/mL, IU/mL로측정되었다. 나머지 gray zone 2개는 CAP/CTM으로음성이었다. 그리고 13건의검체는 2차 CAM 검사에서음성결과로변경되어 CAP/CTM 결과와, 그리고정량검사인 HCV RQ-PCR 결과와일치하였다. 1차에 gray zone이었지만재검시양성으로된 5검체는 CAP/CTM 으로는음성이었다. 즉, 새로운 HCV RNA 정성검사시약의결과들이확인검사로실시한실시간중합효소반응을이용하는 HCV RNA 정량검사결과와모두일치하였다. Anti-HCV 검사결과는 CAM, CAP/ CTM 검사결과와관계없이다양하였다. 고찰 HCV 감염에대한일반적인진단은혈청으로부터 HCV 에대한항체를측정하는것을기본으로한다. 그렇지만감염의상태가지속되고있는지알아보기위해서는 HCV RNA를측정하여판단할수있다. 또한항바이러스제를통한 HCV의치료시최소한 15 IU/mL까지 RNA의농도를측정할수있는민감도가요구된다 [5]. 따라서더민감한 HCV 정성검사법이필요하게되었고, 요구되는최소농도의측정이가능한 CAP/CTM HCV test가출시되었기에, 국내임상검체를대상으로평가하였다. 현재의시약과새시약의정성검사결과를현재확인검사로사용되고있는민감도가높고검출범위가넓은실시간 HCV RQ-PCR 검사결과와비교하였다. 두정성검사간의일차일치율은 97.7% 였고, kappa 계수는 0.92로 0.8 이상의높은일치율을보였다. 새로운정성검사시약 CAP/CTM HCV test 결과가확인검사인 HCV RQ-PCR 결과와모두일치하였다. 검체의냉동보관으로검사결과가불안정할가능성을고려하여기존 CAM 결과양성과 gray zone 결과들은다시 CAM 검사를재검하여비교하였다. 두가지 HCV RNA 정성검사시약에서일차불일치를보였던 14건에대해기존검사를재검사한결과최종적으로는 11건이불일치하였다. 또새시약의성능평가를위해추가적으로실시한 1차 CAM에서 gray zone 결과를보였던 22개검체들의 2차 CAM 재검사결과 13건이 CAP/CTM 결과와일치하였고 9건만불일치하였다. CAM에서음성결과를보였고 HCV RQ-PCR 과 CAP/CTM 결과양성이었던 4건과 CAM에서 gray zone이었고 HCV RQ-PCR 과 CAP/CTM 결과양성이었던 3건의경우는검 출한계가 60 IU/mL와 15 IU/mL라는민감도차이때문일것으로판단되었다. 또한 622개전체대상검체중에서 2 차 CAM 재검사후새로운시약과결과가일치되었던 16건모두음성으로결과가변경되었는데 (gray zone에서음성으로 13건, 양성에서음성으로 3건 ), 기존사용하던 CAM 검사가새로운 CAP/CTM 검사보다비특이적인반응을보이는경우가있기때문일것으로생각되었다. 2차 CAM 시행후에도불일치결과를보였던 CAM 결과 gray zone이고 CAP/CTM 결과음성인 3건과 CAM 결과양성이고 CAP/ CTM 결과음성인 10건 (660 nm 흡광도, ) 의결과는이러한비특이적반응으로인한영향으로생각되었다. CAM 결과양성을보였으나새시약인 CAP/CTM 에서음성결과를보인검체들에서기존 CAM 검사결과의흡광도가비교적낮은값을보여이를뒷받침하는것으로생각되었다. 2차 CAM 재검결과에서도불일치를보였던경우중 14건은 CAM 양성, CAP/CTM 음성 (10건) 과 CAM 음성, CAP/CTM 양성 (4건) 이었다. 본연구결과두정성검사시약간에는높은일치율을보여시약의성능은거의동일하였으나, 새로운 CAP/CTM HCV test v2.0이최소검출한계치가낮기때문이겠지만더욱민감하고, 확인검사로사용되는정량적실시간중합효소반응을이용하는 HCV-RQ PCR 결과와의일치율이높은것으로판단되었다. 새시약인 CAP/CTM HCV test v2.0 의경우 gray zone 결과가없는데, 이점이추가로다른검체나장비로확인검사를실시하는빈도를낮출수있고임상적으로도환자의결과를해석하는데크게도움이될수있는개선된점으로생각되었다. 또한새로운 CAP/CTM system 의경우장비간연결을통해검체를장착하여 PCR 반응후검사결과를얻을때까지검사자가검사에대해추가작업을할필요가없다. 따라서검사도중에발생할수있는검체의오염으로인한잘못된결과및작업자의감염노출의위험을최소화할수있다는장점이있다 [7-10]. 결론적으로, 본연구에서비교평가한 HCV RNA 정성검사시약중새로운 CAP/CTM HCV test v2.0은기존의 CAM HCV test v2.0 결과와높은일치율을보였고, 특히현재확인검사로사용되는 HCV-RQ PCR 결과와 100% 일치하는결과를보여, 시판중인 CAM 검사를대체할수있는새로운개선된시약으로생각되었다. 우수한일치율과높은민감도를보였으며자동화로인한장점까지감안하면가격문제만아니라면임상검사실에서사용하기에훨씬더유용할것으로생각되었다. J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
6 REFERENCES 1. World Health Organization. Media centre [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization [cited 2013 May 23]. Available from: factsheets/fs164/en/index.html. 2. Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, Rustgi VK, Shiffman M, Reindollar R, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet 2001;358: Fried MW, Shiffman ML, Reddy KR, Smith C, Marinos G, Gonçales FL Jr, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med 2002;347: European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 2011;55: Pas S, Molenkamp R, Schinkel J, Rebers S, Copra C, Seven- Deniz S, et al. Performance evaluation of the new Roche cobas AmpliPrep/cobas TaqMan HCV test, version 2.0, for detection and quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA. J Clin Microbiol 2013;51: Jungkind D, Direnzo S, Beavis KG, Silverman NS. Evaluation of automated COBAS AMPLICOR PCR system for detection of several infectious agents and its impact on laboratory management. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34: Jungkind D. Automation of laboratory testing for infectious diseases using the polymerase chain reaction: our past, our present, our future. J Clin Virol 2001;20: Stelzl E, Kormann-Klement A, Haas J, Daghofer E, Santner BI, Marth E, et al. Evaluation of an automated sample preparation protocol for quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus RNA. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40: Berger A, Scherzed L, Sturmer M, Preiser W, Doerr HW, Rabenau HF. Evaluation of the Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Ultrasensitive Test: comparison with the Cobas Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor test (manual specimen preparation). J Clin Virol 2002;25 Suppl 3:S Garcia-Diaz A, Clewley GS, Booth CL, Labett W, McAllister N, Geretti AM. Comparative evaluation of the performance of the Abbott real-time human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assay for measurement of HIV-1 plasma viral load following automated specimen preparation. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44: J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
7 한국인임상검체에서 HCV RNA 의정성적검출을위한 COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Qualitative Test v2.0 과 COBAS AMPLICOR Hepatitis C Virus Test v2.0 시약의비교유수헌 1 박윤희 2 임환섭 2 김영란 1 심정은 1 김현숙 1 1 연세대학교의과대학진단검사의학과, 2 관동대학교의과대학진단검사의학과 배경 : 본연구에서는 hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA 의정성적검출을위한기존시판중인 COBAS Amplicor HCV qualitative test v2.0 (CAM; Roche Molecular Systems, USA) 과새로운개선된시약인 COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV qualitative test v2.0 (CAP/CTM; Roche Molecular Systems) 을비교평가하였다. 현재사용되는 CAM 은핵산추출후 COBAS Amplicor Analyzer 에서자동으로 complementary DNA (cdna) 합성과 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 반응, 그리고핵산부합법으로흡광도치를가지고 HCV RNA 를검출하는방법이고, 새로운 CAP/CTM 은핵산추출부터 cdna 합성과 real-time PCR 반응까지 COBAS AmpliPrep 과 COBASs TaqMan Analyzer 에서완전히전자동으로이루어지는시스템이다. 방법 : 기존시약 CAM 결과를기준으로 600 개의검체 ( 양성 100 건, 음성 500 건 ) 를선택하였다. 추가로새로운시약의진단성능평가를위해기존 CAM 에서 gray zone 결과를보였던 22 개의 gray zone 검체를더추가선택하였다. 선택된검체들에대해새로운시약인 CAP/CTM, 확인검사인실시간중합효소반응을이용한정량검사인 HCV RQ-PCR 과혈청내 anti-hcv 검사 (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany) 를시행하여비교분석하였다. 결과 : 두정성검사에서결과의일치를보이는경우는 600 건중 586 건이었다. 따라서두정성검사간일차일치율은 97.7% 였다 (kappa 계수 0.92; 95% 신뢰구간, ; P<0.001). 검체의안정성을염려하여기존 CAM 검사를다시재검하였는데, 새시약과기존시약의일치율이증가하였다 (98.2%, kappa 계수 0.93; 95% 신뢰구간, ; P<0.001). 또한추가로실시한기존 CAM 에서 gray zone 을보였던 22 개검체결과에서 13 건은 2 차 CAM 검사결과음성으로변경되어새로운시약과일치되었다. 나머지 9 개의검체중동일하게 gray zone 을보인것은 4 개검체였는데그중 2 검체는새시약으로양성이었고 2 개는새시약으로음성이었다. Gray zone 이었지만재검시양성으로된 5 검체는새로운시약으로는음성이었다. 새정성검사시약의결과가확인검사로실시한실시간중합효소반응을이용하는 HCV RNA 정량검사결과와모두일치하였다. 결론 : 같은회사에서출시된두가지 HCV RNA 정성검사시스템을비교하였을때, 두검사간의일차일치율 97.7%, kappa 계수는 0.92 이었고, 검체의안정성을고려하여기존 CAM 시약으로재검하였을때일치율은 98.2%, kappa 계수는 0.93 으로조금더일치율이증가하였다. 새로운 CAP/ CTM 검사가더민감도가높았고 gray zone 결과를보이는경우도없었다. 따라서임상검사실에서더유용하게사용될수있을것으로판단되었다. (J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:93-9) 교신저자 : 김현숙우 ) 서울시서대문구연세로 50, 연세대학교의과대학진단검사의학과 Tel: 02) Fax: 02) kimhs54@yuhs.ac J Lab Med Qual Assur 2013;35:
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