( )45.fm
|
|
- 효린 석
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 295~300, DOI: /KCERS Analysis of Oxide Coatings Formed on Al1050 Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Bae-Yeon Kim, Deuk Yong Lee*, Yong-Nam Kim**, Min-Seok Jeon**, Whan-Sik You***, and Kwang Youp Kim*** Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, University of Incheon, Incheon , Korea *Department of Materials Engineering, Daelim University College, Anyang , Korea **Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul , Korea ***MST Technology, Incheon , Korea (Received April 6, 2009; Revised April 14, 2009, April 22, 2009; Accepted April 28, 2009) Al1050 w Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation x yv ½ Á *Á½ û**á **Á ***Á½Ÿ *** w œw * w w **w» x ***MST Technology ( ; ; ; ) ABSTRACT The crystal structure of surface coatings on Al1050 alloy by PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation), were investigated. The electrolyte for PEO was Na-Si-P system solution. The main crystalline phase were γ-alumina and α-alumina. Crystallinity was increased with applied voltage and applied time. The dominant crystalline phase were affected not only chemical composition of Al alloy substrate and electrolyte, but also the +/ ratio of applied voltage. Key words : PEO, Coating, Alumina, Crystal structure, XRD 1. t j yw,»yw. yw t yw mw y k ü t v x w y (chemical conversion)ƒ, t w ù w t j ù üyw w w.»yw. k (Passive Metal) w Mg, Al, Ti, Zn, Nb w 15 ~ 50 V ƒw t É y v x j y ƒ r. w t y ƒx xk» w ü Corresponding author : Bea-Yeon Kim bykim@incheon.ac.kr Tel : Fax : w mw»»œ x. ƒ» ü»œ» z œ š»œ w. w k t y v x k» Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation( w PEO, MAO(Micro Arc Oxidation)) š».»» w ü 15 V ~ 50 V ü ƒw w PEO 350 V ~ 550 V ƒw y v x j.»» y v w w t w yv x k ey., 10 v { wš ü, ü ù., Cu Si w wš» t ƒ ƒ w š dicasting Al w t 295
2 296 Al1050 w Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation x yv Table 1. Chemical Composition of Al1050 (%) Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Cu+Si Al more than Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation coating layer. There are three different layers, (1) inner Transition Layer, (2) Main Functional layer, which has high hardness, and (3) external so-called Technological layer, which has high porosity and low hardness. 2) ƒ ƒ w š. PEO» 1970 gq wœ. p» Fe š Carbonizing ù Nitriding ƒƒ ww.» 1990 z» wù A. L. Yerokhin PEO w review paper t 1) wš, z Keronite 2) ƒ» y w w y y» w. PEO w k y v y v x» w w ü» gq. Plasma ù q mismatch w stressƒ ù,»» w { y v x» üyw w ù š., PEO»», p w ù, w ü ù w w gq œ š, gq t Fig. 1 Technological layer š»œ 20% t d w š. ƒ ûš, ü w» technological layer gq z w w. ù t d w Keronite PEO gq d w Ni ù PTFE (lv ) š ƒ gqw w wš.,» PEO œ w PEO œ z ù š gq x handphone, l e OIS(Optical Image Stabilizer, e) frame, BGA(Ball Grid Array) frame particle w t š. w Mg w ƒ t gq wš. 3) ù PEO gq w y w w. PEO w t y gq w w ø. PEO w Al y gq ƒ y v» w wš w. 2. x Al q Al1050 w. Al1050 w w Al 99% w» w w q w. Al1050 q Al w Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cr, Ti ƒƒ w» w ƒ» x ú y š w. x Al1050 t yw ùkü. PEO ü M ƒ w n-pec PEO e 300 V ~ 600 V, 300A e pulse w. w l p q w mm j» w. w w kj ü stirrer ew x w w x ú w y w w. x w w NaOH w Na 2 SiO 3 ƒw 2~3%. x w w, w w w. w wz
3 ½ Á Á½ ûá Á Á½Ÿ 297 Table 2. Formation of PEO Coating Layer with Various Applied Voltage in Type A and B Solution. A Electrolyte System Contains NaOH and Phosphoric Acid and B, Na 2 SiO 3 with Phosphoric Acids. Note that ø Means Successful Coating, and ÿ Means Intermediate State, Means Failure Volt Electro. A B Ü ÿ ÿ ÿ ø ø ø ø ø ø ø Ü Ü ÿ ÿ ø ø ø ø ø ø ø Volt Electro. A B ø ø ø ø ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ Ü Ü Ü ø ø ø ø ø ø ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ Ü Applied Voltage w Table 2 ƒ x y t d k w ùkü. t ÿ t œ t t v x w w w r ùkü. w gq ù r ƒ r t ù ƒ. z x ygq d š, w ü ew r ƒ r ƒ r ƒ w» x w. y r ew gq q Al1050 þƒ w segregation ³x w x, Al1050 q ƒœw œ w y w w q. t solution A NaOH H 3 PO 4 ww, solution B Na 2 SiO 3 H 3 PO 4 ww w. w. z x Si w w w» w A w» w ww v x Fig. 2 A w ü Al r ƒ ƒ 450 V, 420 V, 400 V ƒw t yv x Ì w. Fig. 2. Thickness of PEO-coated alumina layer on Al1100 substrate with PEO coating time. Note that; þ is at 450 V, ø, at 420 V, and ÿ, at 400 V. Fig. 2 ƒ j» w š ƒ ƒw t gq d wš. ƒw 400 V, 420 V, 450 V 1µm/min ü t gq w. w, 30 ƒw t gq d ƒ, 200 µm ƒ t gq d Ì w. w x r 50 mm 50 mm 1.0 mm j» w, e» w tank j» w r j» y v x r t» t gq d ƒ w š q. r j»ƒ jš t Fig. 1 1 µm/min t gq.» š w 4) š. t yd ̃ É ü Al t t Al y t yd y w r t ƒ j» w y v d ̃ É û» ù x w. ww PEO w t gq w w» w,»k r j» w kj j», j» w e ƒ. 46«3y(2009)
4 298 Al1050 w Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation x yv Fig. 3. XRD pattern of PEO-alumina coated Al 1050 substrate, (a) 2 min, (b) 5 min, (c) 15 min, and (d) 30 min. Note that ø is Aluminum, is α-alumina, and is γ- alumina t yv Fig. 3 A w PEO gq x t yv XRD w. v x» 2 5 y v ̃» y v Al substrate peak. ƒ û γ- aluminaƒ ùš z α- alumina peakƒ w.» 1,4-6) w y v α-alumina γ-alumina š šw š w. A.L. Yerokin 1,4) Mgƒ w γ- aluminaƒ 1)š w š, Cu swwš Al alloy α-aluminaƒ w 4)š w. x w Mg Cu ƒ, A.L. Yerokin 1) wš w» w w q. š X. Nie 5,6) Si(ß 1.3%), Cu(0.4 ~ 1%) Mn(0.6 ~ 1.2%) w w Al6082 w yv» ƒ w ƒƒ α-alumina γ-aluminaƒ x š w šw. w XRD substrate t I/I 0ƒ 100 (111) intensityƒ ùkù š š, (200) peak intensityƒ f cubic structure γ-aluminaƒ x š ƒw. Al FCC ¼ wù, PEO y v x x file-up w v š t v w Fig. 4. XRD pattern of PEO-alumina coated Al 1050 substrate at (a) 400 V, (b) 420 V, and (c) 450 V. Note that ø is Aluminum, is α-alumina, and is γ-alumina. t w yv x e» substrate w š». w t yv x. PEO yv substrate transition layerƒ w. d substrate w v w w q š. z γ-aluminaƒ ùkù w. yv x» γ- aluminaƒ x ƒ v w ƒ. Fig. 4 ƒƒ 400 V, 420 V 450 V 15 PEO w r t ùkü.» ƒw w wš w. ƒw f y v f w. PEO w x yv y. ƒw w ƒw ƒ» x q., γ-aluminaƒ. γ-aluminaƒ α-alumina w ƒ û» z t ü w e w. Fig. 5 w 400 V, 420 V, 450 V pulse ƒw +/- 4:3 w 30 y v x k t XRD w. x Fig. 3 4 α-aluminaƒ x š. γ-alumina» x w q ù, α-alumina ƒ f w wz
5 김배연 이득용 김용남 전민석 유완식 김광엽 Fig. 5. XRD pattern of PEO-alumina coated Al1050 substrate at (a) 400 V, (b) 420 V, and (c) 450 V, and the +/- pulse ratio is 4 : 3. Note that is Aluminum, is α-alumina, and is γ-alumina. Fig. 7. Fig SEM photograph of PEO treated Al Surface, (a) reflected electron image and (b) secondary electron image. 있다. 또한 전압의 크기가 커질수록 α-alumina의 형성이 많아지는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 이러한 것은 산화 피 막의 경도 및 내마모성이 인가되는 전압의 형태에 따라 서 변화될 수도 있음을 말해 주는 것이라고 해석할 수 있 을 것이다. 이것은 또한 PEO에 의한 산화 피막 형성에 있어서 산 화피막의 결정상을 좌우하는 요소가 기존에 알려진 합금 성분에 의한 영향이라든지, 전해질의 종류 및 농도 등에 의한 것도 있지만, 전기적 신호에 의해서도 변수가 생길 수 있다는 것을 보여준다고 하겠다 표면 morphology 관찰 다음 Fig. 6의 사진은 PEO 처리한 산화피막의 표면을 전자현미경으로 관찰한 것이다. 표면에 규칙적인 6각 기 둥형태의 조직과 기공이 형성되는 아노다이징과는 달리 불규칙하게 기공이 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 사진 우 측 상단에 있는 grain의 중앙에 작은 기공의 형태가 남아 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이는 표면에서 미세하게 폭발하는 고온의 플라즈마에 의하여 용융된 알루미늄이 전해질 성 분과 반응하면서 다시 굳으면서 생긴 흔적을 잘 보여주 고 있다. 또, 좌측 및 중앙의 grain에서도 같은 현상을 관 찰할 수 있으나, 이 두 grain의 경우에는 중앙 부분에서 SEM photograph and EDXA result of cross cut Al1050 alloy surface with oxidation layer oxidated by PEO. 미세 폭발과 이에 따르는 grain 중앙 부분의 수축과 함몰 로 인하여 밑으로 꺼지면서 형성되는 미세 crack이 발생 되어 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 다음의 Fig. 7은 산화피막의 단면을 관찰한 사진이다. 알루미늄 substrate와 산화피막은 기공이나 crack 등이 없 이 알루미늄 표면에 잘 발달되어 있음을 알 수 있으며, 표면에 산화층이 균일한 두께로 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 앞서 지적한 표면의 푸석층의 존재도 관찰되 지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 4. 결 론 Al1050 알루미늄 합금을 Na-P 및 Na-Si-P계의 전해액을 이 용하는 Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation 방법으로 400 V~450 V 부근에서 표면 산화 피막을 형성시킨 다음 표면을 관찰 하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1. PEO에 의하여 형성되는 산화 피막의 결정상은 주로 α-alumina와 γ-alumina가 얻어졌다. 2. 인가되는 전압이 높을수록, PEO 산화 처리 시간이 길어질수록 산화피막의 전체적인 결정성이 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 산화 피막에 형성되는 결정상의 종류는 기존에 알려 진 모재 금속의 합금성분과 전해질의 원소 종류 및 농도 등에도 영향을 받지만 인가되는 전원의 +/- ratio에 의하 여서도 변화될 수 있다. Acknowledgment 이 논문은 2007년도 인천대학교 자체연구비에 의하여 연구되었습니다. 제 46 권 제 3호(2009)
6 300 Al1050 w Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation x yv REFERENCES 1. A.L. Yerokin, X. Nie, A. Leyland, A. Matthews, and S.J. Dowey, Plasma Electrolysis for Surface Engineering, Surface and Coatings Technology, (1999) A.L. Yerokin, A. Shatrov, V. Samsonov, P. Shahkov, A. Pilkington, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Oxide Ceramic Coatings on Aluminium Alloys Produced by a Pulsed Bipolar Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Process, Surface and Coatings Technology, (2005). 5. X. Nie, A. Leyland, H.W. Song, A.L. Yerokin, S.J. Dowey, and A. Matthews, Thickness Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Micro-arc Discharge Oxide Coatings on Aluminum Alloys, Surface and Coatings Technology, (1999). 6. X. Nie, E.I. Meltis, J.C. Jiang, A. Leyland, A.L. Yerokin, and A. Matthews, Abrasive Waer/Corrosion Properties and TEM Analysis of Al 2 O 3 Coatings Fabricated using Plasma Electrolysis, Surface and Coatings Technology, (2002). w wz
( )-42.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 256~261, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.3.256 Effect of Al Alloy Composition on Physical and Crystallographical Properties of Plasma Electrolytic
More informationuntitled
[ ] œwz, 21«6y(2008) J. of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment, Vol. 21, No. 6, (2008) pp. 300~306 š y w p x*, **Á **Áy y* * ** w œ w œw, w» gœ Solid State Diffusion Brazing of the Aluminum Alloy Castings
More information12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 77-81 y w» e wx Á w œw Fabrication of Ceramic Batch Composition for Porcelain by Using Recycled Waste Ceramic Powder Hyun Guen Han, and
More information14.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 93~97, 2007. Preparation of High Purity Si Powder by SHS Chang Yun Shin, Hyun Hong Min, Ki Seok Yun, and Chang Whan Won Engineering Research Center
More informationfm
[ ] w wz DOI: 10.3740/MRSK.2009.19.12.692 Kor. J. Mater. Res. Vol. 19, No. 12 (2009) y INCONEL 718w Gas Tungsten Arc Welding» p sƒ ½»y Á *Á *Á y** ( ) d lj p wœq, *w wœ» q **( ) d lj p t Mechanical Properties
More information16(5)-04(61).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.326 ƒ w Fe œ w Cu wy SPS (II) II. w SPS p ½ *Á½ Á½{ a Á½ š b w œw, a w» gœ, b y œ Production of Fe Amorphous Powders by Gas-Atomization
More information10(3)-09.fm
w y wz 10«3y 253~258 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment ³ w Á» Á Á y w y œw (2010 11 22, 2010 12 9 k) Study on Determine of Detention Pond in Small Developed Area In-Soo Chang ½
More information( ) 35-김배연.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 247~252, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4191/kcers.2012.49.3.247 속 보 Effect of Na 2 P 2 O 7 Electrolyte and Al Alloy Composition on Physical and Crystallographical
More information10(3)-10.fm
w y wz 10«3y 259~264 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w gj p p y Á Á½k * w m œw Á* w y œw (2010 9 28, 2010 10 12 k) Characteristics of Antiwashout Underwater Concrete for Reduction
More information19(1) 02.fm
Korean J. Crystallography Vol. 19, No. 1, pp.7~13, 2008 Ÿ (ICISS) w š t w (2): t w y w œw Surface Structure Analysis of Solids by Impact Collision Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (2): Atomic Structure of Semiconductor
More information64.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 375~380, 2007. Tribological Properties of Carbon Layers Produced by High Temperature Chlorination in Comparison with DLC Coating Hyun-Ju Choi,
More information304.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 20, No. 3, 2009 yw s w - û - A Study on the Planning of Improved-Hanok - Focused on Jeon-Nam Province - y* ** z*** **** Kang, Man-Ho Lee, Woo-Won Jeong, Hun
More information16(5)-03(56).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.316 ƒ w Fe œ w Cu wy SPS (I) I. ƒ wy y Á xá½ Á½ *Á½{ a w œw, a w» gœ Production of Fe Amorphous Powders by Gas-atomization Process
More informationAlloy Group Material Al 1000,,, Cu Mg 2000 ( 2219 ) Rivet, Mn 3000 Al,,, Si 4000 Mg 5000 Mg Si 6000, Zn 7000, Mg Table 2 Al (%
http://wwwtechnonetcokr (Aluminum & Aluminum BasedAlloy) : LG 1 Aluminum Table 1, 2 1000 7000 4 Al 990% Al 1XXX AlCu 2XXX AlMn 3XXX AlSi 4XXX AlMg 5XXX AlMgSi 6XXX AlZn(Mg, Cu) 7XXX 8XXX ( ) 9XXX Fig 1
More information< DC1A4C3A5B5BFC7E22E666D>
¼ (Jeong, Jung Chae)*, ý (Kim, Yoon Soo), (Shin, Woo Young), Þ Ñ (Park, Jong Man) ò ý ƒ Ð (Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology) (Shin, Jae-Heyg) Š æ (Ministry of Knowledge Economy) 1. :
More information( )-36.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 232~236, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.3.232 Development of the Abrasives for Water-jet by Using an Air Bubbling SedimentationG Rate Control
More information14.531~539(08-037).fm
G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked
More information82-01.fm
w y wz 8«( 2y) 57~61, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis p w w Á Á w w» y l Analysis of Influence Factors and Corrosion Characteristics of Water-pipe in Potable Water System Jae Seong
More information10.063~070(B04_윤성식).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 63-70 Mg-3%Al-1%Zn w ƒœ» y Á x*á **Á Á w œw *w s l I ûer ** t Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
More information50(1)-09.fm
2006, Vol. 50, No. 1 Printed in the Republic of Korea 언빨래가마르는현상에대한중등학교화학전공교사들의인식조사 ½x Á» Á½ # Á x* w w yw y š w w # w w (2005. 5. 11 ) A Research of Secondary School Chemistry Major Teachers Perceptions
More information10(3)-12.fm
w y wz 10«3y 273~280 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment p yá xá½k w y œw (2010 9 15, 2010 12 2 k) Analysis of Characteristics of Delivered Nonpoint Source Pollution at Forested Watershed
More information4.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 30~34, 2009. Optimization of Glass Wafer Dicing Process using Sand Blast Won Seo, Young-mo Koo*, Jae-Woong Ko**, and Gusung Kim Department of Electronic
More information10(3)-02.fm
w y wz 10«3y 203~211 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w ù p yá k«áyw *Á xá½k w y œw Á* y w (2010 9 15, 2010 12 2 k) Characterization of Nonpoint Source Pollutant Loads from the
More information605.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 19, No. 6, 2008 y k y p w sƒ Care-giver s Needs and Evaluation on the Actual Condition of the Playgrounds in Child Care Facilities y* Choi, Mock-Wha x **
More information16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm
w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University
More information( )-123.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 63~68, 2011. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2011.48.1.063 Effects of Substituting B 2 O 3 for P 2 O 5 on the Structure and Properties of SnO-P 2 O 5 Glass Systems
More information(163번 이희수).fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 323~327, 2011. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2011.48.4.323 Electrical Properties and Temperature Stability of Dysprosium and Erbium Co-doped Barium Titanate
More information( )-83.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 0~5, 011. DOI:10.191/KCERS.011.8.1.00 Solidification of Heavy Metal Ions Using Magnesia-phosphate Cement HunG Choi, Hyun Ju Kang, Myung Shin Song,
More information69-1(p.1-27).fm
99 A 380 B 787 : wœ z w * w w wœ» A380 B787 wœ» w. wœ» ww r. w wœ» p j y w r» w. I. II. z III. A380 B787 IV. A380 V. wœ» : x VI. z VII. I. A380 B787»ƒ z wœ w, w w p j w w ƒ r. t wœ w ƒ w w wœ» š œm wš,
More information82.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 524~528, 2007. Determination of Critical Chloride Content of Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete by Linear Polarization Technique Hong-Sam Kim, Hai-Moon
More information3.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 12~17, 2007. A Study on the Preparation of Bone Ash and Celadon Bone Body Using Pig Bone Jae-Jin Jeong, Sang-Hee Lee, Yong-Seok Lee,* and Byung-Ha
More information83.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 483~488, 2007. The Influence of on the Clinker Mineral Composition and Cement Quality Tae-Hyoung Eom, Won-Seok Kim, Chang-Bum Kim, Byeong-Yong
More information03.fm
29«6y (2009. 12) w œwz 257 š³ š p e ³ w y Á Á½ y *Á **Á y w» w w e lg Effects of Si and Mo on the Temperature-Dependent Properties of High Si High Mo Ductile Cast Irons Kyeong-Hwan Choe, Sang-Mok Lee,
More information72.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 8, pp. 472~476, 2008. Multi-layered Coating Deposited on PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) Bipolar Plates Young-Hoon Yun, Hoon-Taek Chung, In-Su
More information12(2)-04.fm
J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 12, No. 2, pp 106~111(2005) w y y w z œ k üœ» p ½ Á Á Á ³ Á Á½Ÿ w w w, *g», ** w w Effects of Strategies to Improve Indoor Air Quality at Pre-occupancy Stage
More information14(4) 09.fm
J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 14, No. 4, pp 343~350(2007) w y y w z 14 «4 y 2007 yw» l s p»xá ³ *w w w œw, **w w w The Property of Pressure Distribution of Hybrid Underfloor Air Distribution
More information<30332DB9E8B0E6BCAE2E666D>
kœw» y w k p y w k» z wš ye z w mdkqvqrg üœ» y» Ÿ w kœwgeqgpikpggtkpiy glj GEQVGEJPQNQI[ œw w k w yz š y j œ w m w y ˆ mw y» kœ w k û ³ y ƒ ƒ» ƒ w œw w w y ƒƒ» k z w» %NGCP 9CVGT #EV wšw y ù» œ w w w t
More information9(3)-4(p ).fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 9«3y, 2007 Vol. 9, No. 3, pp.319-326(2007) w xk x p w q w Analysis of Foot Characteristics According to the Classification of Foot Types of Junior High School Girls Ji-Young
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
Printed in the Republic of Korea "/"-:5*$"- 4$*&/$& 5&$)/0-0(: Vol. 18, No. 5, 425-430, 2005» 677*4 Ÿ w sƒ ½»x Á Á½ k w y w, w y œw Some considerations for the analytical approaches to measure atmospheric
More information12(4) 10.fm
KIGAS Vol. 12, No. 4, December, 2008 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) l x CNG» v m s w ½ Á y w» œw (2008 9 30, 2008 12 10, 2008 12 10 k) Numerical Analysis for Temperature Distribution and Thermal
More information17.393~400(11-033).fm
Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 393~400, June, 2011 GGGGG DOI 10.4334/JKCI.2011.23.3.393 x RC { sƒ y y 1) *Á½ 1) Á 2) 1) y w œw 2) w œw Bond Strength Evaluation of RC Beams
More informationfm
[ ] w wz Kor. J. Mater. Res. Vol. 17, No. 3 (2007) Sn-3.0 Ag-0.5 Cu/OSP 무연솔더접합계면의접합강도변화에따른전자부품열충격싸이클최적화 y Á½{ *Á Á½Ÿ * t sƒ l *w wœ w wœ œw Thermal Shock Cycles Optimization of Sn-3.0 Ag-0.5 Cu/OSP Solder
More information38(6)-01.fm
y, 38«, 6y, 699-705, 2005 Econ. Environ. Geol., 38(6), 699-705, 2005 t sÿ y xk 1 Á s 2Á z 1 Á½ 1 Á e 3 1 w y w,» w, 2w y w, 3š w y w Chemical Speciation of Heavy Metals in Geologic Environments on the
More information( )-77.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 5, pp. 407~411, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.5.407 Physical Properties of ALC with Various Fineness of Quartzite Yong Sik Chu, Ui Jong Jung, Hun Song,
More information( )-101.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 503~508, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.6.503 The High Density Sintering of Green-emitting -SiAlON:Eu Ceramic Plate Phosphor Young-Jo Park, Sung-Hoon
More information18(3)-10(33).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Vol 18 No 3 011 DOI: 10150/KPMI01118383 e x 5Mg(OH) MgSO 3H O x w MgO NH OH w a báv y aá½xk aá½ aá½ cá½ bá½ a * aw» l bš w œw ck Effect of MgO and NH OH on
More informationuntitled
ª Œª Œ 27ƒ 2B Á 2007 3œ pp. 193 ~ 199 ª ƒ w d w ƒ sƒ Methodology of Drought Assessment Using National Groundwater Monitoring Network Data «x Á½ Kwon, Hyung JoongÁKim, Seong Joon Abstract The objective
More information19(5)-04[57].fm
J. Kor. Powd. Met. Inst., Vol. 19, No. 5, 2012 DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2012.19.5.348 pk gqd p d e x w y ûá Á½x a Á x b Á» w œw, a sw w, b w» Effects of Powder Morphology and Powder Preheating on the Properties
More information11(5)-12(09-10)p fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 11«5y, 2009 Vol. 11, No. 5, pp.799-807(2009) w w * k ƒm w pg p w, ƒm w q w A Qualitative Research on Pursuing Image and Appearance Management Behavior of Brides Eun-Joo Bae
More information( )-113.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 657~661, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46.6.657 Rheological Properties of Cement Pastes Blended Finex-Slag Powder Keun Jae Lee, Seung Ho Byun, and
More information62.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 7, pp. 395~400, 2008. Preparation and its Characteristics of Fly Ash-based Geopolymeric Mortar using Low Grade Silica Waste Se Gu Son, Seung Yeob Hong,
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method
More information93.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 10, pp. 625~630, 2008. Effect of Storage Conditions on the Setting Properties of Brushite Bone Cement Containing Granular β-tricalcium Phosphate Sun-Ae
More information50(5)-07.fm
Printed in the Republic of Korea w 3w yû x w w w Á x* w w w yw (2006. 3. 14 ) A research of the Difference in Teaching Styles and Understanding of 9 th Grade Students About Lead-iodide Precipitation Reaction
More information한 fm
Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society, Volume 19, Number 6, December 2009 DOI: 10.4283/JKMS.2009.19.6.203 BaTi 0.5 Co 0.5 Fe 11 O 19 Mx r p Ka- q p ½ Á½ w, œw, w», 12, 361-763 (2009 8 4, 2009 9 10, 2009
More information12(3) 10.fm
KIGAS Vol. 12, No. 3, September, 2008 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) ü LP ƒ š Database w š Á Á½z w ywœw (2008 6 10, 2008 8 12 (1 ), 2008 9 5 (2 ), 2008 9 5 k) Constructing a Database Structure
More information18211.fm
J. of the Korean Sensors Society Vol. 18, No. 2 (2009) pp. 168 172 p k ù p p l xá xá ³ Á *Á w * Fabrication of the CNT-FET biosensors with a double-gate structure Byunghyun Cho, Byounghyun Lim, Jang-Kyoo
More information16(6)-06(08(77)).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 104150/KPMI2009166416 š / g e w p» p a,b Á y b Áy x a, * a KAIST œw, b ( )» Interfacial Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of HPHT Sintered Diamond/SiC
More information<312D303128C1B6BAB4BFC1292E666D>
k Ÿy y y + ûz m Ì ˆw k Ÿ ø ky w y y» wk Ÿ v w k w w ƒ Ÿ ew k Ÿy yø k Ÿ ý k z» w ƒ w Ÿ y k y w x mw w w ³Ÿ wšy v mw y w r œw yÿ ý w z»ÿ Ÿ»» Ÿ ¾ Ÿ 6TCXGN 9GGMN[ ýw k Ÿ Ÿ ƒ š wš y w k Ÿ ƒ m ³ w w y y y 'EQVQWTKUO
More informationpage 1end
C 0.0.2 ma Cr 14.5~16.5 Co 2.5 max Iron 4~7 Mn 1 max Mo 15 ~ 17 Ni Balance P 0.03 max Si 0.08 max S 0.03 max W 3 ~ 4.5 V 0.35 max 8.89g/cm 3 Multipurpose corrosion resistance of NickelMolybdenumChrome.
More information43(5)-1.fm
w œwz, 43«5y 2006 Textile Science and Engineering Vol. 43, No. 5, 2006 용융블렌드를이용한 PLA/PEG 블록공중합체의제조 Á w œw k Preparation of PLA/PEG Block Copolymer via Melt Blend %JGQN 5QQ ;QQP CPF &QPI 5WP,K 8q g yq r
More information15.101~109(174-하천방재).fm
w wz 8«4y 2008 8 pp. 101 ~ 109 w» m -,, - A Study on Warnning Criteria Investigation of Automated Rainfall Warning System -Focused on Realationship of Water Level, Discharge and Precipitation - Á Á Á Ahn,
More information143.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 859~864, 006. FE Analysis of Alumina Green Body Density for Pressure Compaction Process Jong-In Im and Young-Jin Yook Simulation Center for Fine
More information50(4)-10.fm
2006, Vol. 50, No. 4 Printed in the Republic of Korea 칼코겐이도핑된망간산화물의저온합성연구 k Á z Á, *Áy, * y w ù w yw x ù l w» ww (2006. 7. 13 ) Chimie Douce Synthesis of Chalcogen-Doped Manganese Oxides Seung Tae Lim,GDae
More information( )-94.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 566~571, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.6.566 Effect of Dispersion on Tape Casted Green Sheet Prepared from Bimodal-Type AlN Powders Hong-Soo
More information27(5A)-07(5806).fm
ª Œª Œ 27ƒ 5A Á 2007 9œ pp. 753 ~ 758 gj pœw gj p { x A New Test Method for Pure Isotropic Flexural Tensile Strength of Concretes Ÿ Á y Á x Zi, GoangseupÁOh, HongseobÁChoi, Jinhyek Abstract Proposed is
More information75.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 8, pp. 451~456, 2007. A Study of Sintering Behavior and Crystallization in Li 2 O-Al 2 -SiO 2 (LAS) Glass System by RSM Kyu Ho Lee, Young Seok Kim, Young
More information04-46(1)-06(조현태).fm
w œwz, 46«1y 2009 Textile Science and Engineering Vol. 46, No. 1, 2009 ù 2'6 wx xk Á «w œ w» Áq œw k 1PG $CVJ1PG 5VGR &[GKPI H 0[NP2'6 5RNKV 6[RG /KETHKDGT *[GP 6CG %J CPF%JWN-YP2CTM &GRCTVOGPV H 1TICPKE
More information( )-84.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 7, N. 6, pp. 608~61, 010. DOI:10.191/KCERS.010.7.6.608 Synthesis and Characterizatin f Al-dped Uvarvite Green Pigments Sung-Gyu Se and Byung-Ha Lee Department f Materials
More information57.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 6, pp. 336~344, 2008. Rheological Properties of Cement Paste Blended Blast Furnace Slag or Fly Ash Powder Jong Taek Song, Hyo Sang Park, Seung Ho Byun,
More information26(3D)-17.fm
26ƒ 3D Á 2006 5œ pp. ~ ª y w qp yw k d Predictive Equation of Dynamic Modulus for Hot Mix Asphalt with Granite Aggregates yá½x Á Lee, Kwan-HoÁKim, Hyun-OÁJang, Min-Seok Abstract The presented work provided
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
Printed in the Republic of Korea "/"-:5*$"- 4$*&/$& 5&$)/0-0(: Vol. 18, No. 5, 436-443, 2005,1"$ w Q) t p z Á 1w w œw 2 w œ yw Effects of surface properties and solution ph on the pollutants removal of
More information5.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 69~73, 009. Silica Coating of Nanosized CoFe O Particles by Micro-emulsion Method YooJin Kim, Ri Yu, Eun-Young Park, Jae-Hwan Pee, and Eui-Seok
More information50(6)-03.fm
Journal of the Korean Chemical Society Printed in the Republic of Korea w yw w w ½ Á Áw Á k * w yw w w w w w (2006. 8. 9 ) Relationship between Conceptual Understanding and Mapping Errors Induced in Learning
More information416.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 20, No. 4, 2009 œ qp œ y An Analysis of Change on the Apartment Unit Plans and the Interior Spaces Related to Women * Choi, ByungSook ** Park, JungA "CTUSBDU
More information15.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 98~102, 2007. Effect of Recycling Time on Stability of Colloidal Silica Slurry and Removal Rate in Silicon Wafer Polishing Eun-Suck Choi and So-Ik
More information07.051~058(345).fm
w wz 8«3y 2008 6 pp. 51 ~ 58 m qp yp š w k sƒ Evaluation of Dynamic Modulus based on Aged Asphalt Binder y*á **Á***Á**** Lee, Kwan-HoÁCho, Kyung-RaeÁLee, Byung-SikÁSong, Yong-Seon Abstract Development
More information16(2)-7(p ).fm
w wz 16«2y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 2. 2006 ü t xy y w tœ ½ BÁ x BC B y w w w C y w w w Current Status and Expectations of Orphan Drugs in Korea -In point of supplying medicines for the rare
More information<30312DC0CCC7E2B9FC2E666D>
균류의다양성과역할 이향범 û w œw 머리말 k w š ³ q š yw < Ð >» w ww k w w v š q w Á Á w tyw š 2QKPVKPI CPF *[FG ú ƒ x %QPXGPVKQP QP $KQNQIKECN &KXGTUKV[ %$&» w w ««wš y w» š x ƒ w œ ƒ» ƒ œsw w ³ wš ù š y š ƒ t š ƒ wš»ƒ
More information04-42(1)-09(김동원).fm
21 w t œwz J. Kor. Inst. Surf. Eng. Vol. 42, No. 1, 2009. < > PET»q SiO 2 rd ITO» Ÿw p a, ½ a, ³ a, a, y b a» w œw, b ( ) w p A Study on Adhesion and Electro-optical Properties of ITO Films Deposited on
More information16(5)-06(58).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.336 y-y w Sm-Fe w ƒ w zá *Á w»» The Effect of Excess Samarium Oxide on the PreparationG of Sm-Fe Alloy Powder by Reduction-diffusion
More information82-02.fm
w y wz 8«( 2y) 00~00, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis Calix[6]arene w k š w *Á x Á Á«ƒm w yw, *w w yw Cesium Ion Selective Solid Contact Electrodes Based on Calix[6]arene Won-sik
More information한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 Contents 기조강연 LI GU 06 초강연 김동욱 09 안재평 10 정창훈 11 이규태 12 문준영 13 한병찬 14 최원창 15 박철호 16 안동준 17 최남순 18 김일태 19 포스터 강준섭 23 윤영준 24 도수정 25 강준희 26
2015 한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 2일차 한국전지학회 춘계 학술대회(신소재 및 시장동향 관련 주제 발표) 시간 제목 비고 세션 1 차세대 이차전지용 in-situ 분석기술 좌장 : 윤성훈 09:00~09:30 Real-time & Quantitative Analysis of Li-air Battery Materials by In-situ DEMS 김동욱(한국화학연구원)
More information14(2) 02.fm
J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 14, No. 2, pp 117~125(2007) w y y w z sm Ÿ š w œ l ³Á½ * w, **w w w Impact of Photosensor Sensitivity on the Control Performance of a Daylight Dimming System
More information( )-53.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 76~8, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.4.76 Adhesion Characteristic and Porosity Change of Alkali Silicate Impregnant of Concrete Hun Song, Yong Sik
More information10(1)-08.fm
w y wz 10«( 1y) 47~52, 2007 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis œ w t y ½ xá Á x Á½ Á x* Ÿ œ, * w œw Optimization of Coagulation In The Conventional Water Treatment Plant Jun-Hyun Kim,
More information26(2)-04(손정국).fm
Ñ s k w 1Á y 2 Á û 1 Á½ z 1 Á½ 1* 1 ³ w yw, 2 w» (*E-mail: jimankim@skku.edu) 1. m ƒ w»» w 4»» y š. w 4»» l, l, l w» w» k. w»» { ƒ j. x š x w ƒwš k (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell: DMFC)[1]ƒ wù ƒ w š. DMFC
More information84-07.fm
w y wz 8«( 4y) 00~00, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis CWPO œ w 1,4- s Á Á * û y, * w yœ lœw 1,4-Dioxane Treatment using Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation Process Jong-min Kang,
More information8(3)-15(p ).fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 8«3y, 2006 Vol. 8, No. 3, pp.357-362(2006) w p k sƒ ½ Á Á w w w A Study on the Mechanical and Hand Properties of the Lining Fabrics Myung-Ok Kim, Mi-Kyung Uh and Myung-Ja
More information202.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 19, No. 2, 2008 w w w w Physical Identities of Bukchon Hanok Area Viewed from Literary Geography * Park, Cheol-Soo "CTUSBDU This study explores the beneficial
More information( )32.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 317~3, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46.3.317 Fabrication and Optical Properties of Inorganic Electroluminescent Devices Jun-Young Lee and Jinha Hwang
More information07.045~051(D04_신상욱).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 45-51 f m s p» w Á xá zá Ÿ Á w m œw Image Retrieval Based on Gray Scale Histogram Refinement and Horizontal Edge Features Sang-Uk Shin,
More information( )-22.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 106~112, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.2.106 A Study on the Hydriding Reaction of Pre-oxidized Zr Alloys Sun-Ki Kim, Je-Geon Bang, Dae-Ho Kim,
More information23(2) 71.fm
J. of Korean Institute of Fire Sci. & Eng. [ ] Vol. 23, No. 2, 2009 w w w w w w Stud on the Fire Behaviour of Composite Beam with Loading and Unloading ½ *Á û**á½ ***Á½ Sung-Bae Kim* Chang-Nam Lee** Woo-Chul
More information00....
Fig. 1 2.5%. 51.5%, 46.0%,.. /, Table 1 (U.V.; Ultraviolet 10-400 nm)/ (NIR; Near Infrared 700 nm - 5 µm) ( TiO 2, WO 3, ZnO, CeO, ATO, Sb 2O 3-ZnO, ITO.) (400 nm - 780 nm). /. Fig. 1.. 23 Table 1. / /
More information87.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 489~495, 2007. Physical Properties of Ultrafine Ash Blended Cement Dong-Woo Yoo, Seung-Ho Byun, and Jong-Taek Song Department of New Materials
More information13.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 58~68, 2009. Rheological Properties of Ordinary Portland Cement - Blast Furnace Slag - Fly Ash Blends Containing Ground Fly Ash Hyo Sang Park,
More information( )-44.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol 47, No, pp 6~67, 010 DOI:104191/KCERS010476 The Properties and Uniformity Change of Amorphous SiC:H Film Deposited using Remote PECVD System with Various Deposition
More information(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) ISSN 228
(JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) (Regular Paper) 1 1, 016 1 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.016.1.1.60 ISSN 87-9137 (Online) ISSN 16-7953 (Print) a), a) An Efficient Method
More information8(2)-4(p ).fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 8«2y, 2006 Vol. 8, No. 2, pp.177-182(2006) x w e w 1) Á Ÿ 1) Á»û 2) 1) ƒm w q w 2) w w w The Effect of Media on Taking Plastic Surgery Chong-Hee Yun 1), Su-Kwang Sung 1) and
More information