Computer Graphics
# 1 Contents CG Design CG Programming 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 2
CG science, engineering, medicine, business, industry, government, art, entertainment, advertising, education and training 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 3
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Observation Any differences among examples? Yes!!! Then, what? Well, Why graphics? 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 15
Characterization end / means realism interactivity presence 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 16
Why Computer Graphics? How can you better explain without pictures? Seeing is believing!!! 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 17
What is Computer Graphics? Method and Technologies for converting data to and from a graphics display via computer the most powerful means of communication between a computer and a human being. 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 18
Computer Graphics Modeling 2 3,,, Rendering 2,,,,, 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 19
Computer Graphics + ( ) ( ) 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 20
Computer Graphics Computer Graphics Modeling Wire Frame Model Surface Model Solid Model Rendering Shading Ray-tracing Radiosity Global Illumination Volumn Rendering 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 21
Computer Graphics Computer Graphics CG Design Photo shop, Illustrator 3D Studio Max Maya CG Programming C or C++ OpenGL World Tool Kit 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 22
CG Design CG Design : 3D Studio Max 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 23
CG Programming CG Programming CG Design Modeling Solid modeling, Surface modeling FFD, Morphing, Warping, Image Based Rendering, Rendering Camera, material, light, Virtual Reality Open GL, C/C++ 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 24
Application Data Structure Application Program Graphics System / Computer Graphics Devices User (operator) / 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 25
( ). 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 26
(1) Application Data Structure : - 8, 12, 6 - : P(x, y, z) - : P(x,y,z) -> Q(x,y,z) - : 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 27
(2) Application Program : wire-frame / Solid / Surface Models :,, / Raytracing / Radiosity 1. 2. 3. : 3 2 4. : 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 28
(3) : Wire-Frame P 4 P 3 P 1 P 2 P P 8 7 P 5 P6 Simple and efficient Ambiguous 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 29
(4) : Solid Model U Solid U A CSG representation A Boundary representation Shading & hidden line removal Mass properties calculation Interference test 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 30
(5) : Surface Model t s 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 31
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(6) : Ray-tracing image plane A B C D E 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 33
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(7) 2D / yw max Window yv max Viewport yw min yv min xwmin xw max xv min xvmax World Coordinates Device Coordinates 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 35
(8) 3D Parallelepiped Truncated Pyramid 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 36
(9) 3D / 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 37
(10) (Display commands) (Instruction data) 00000000000000000000000001000000 00000000000000000000000001000000 00000000000000000000000111110000 00000000011000000001111111111111 00000000111100000000000111110000 00000011111111000000000001000000 00001111111111110000000001000000 00111111111111111100000000000000 00011111111111111000000000000000 00011111111111111000000000000000 00011111111111111000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000 Bitmap refresh buffer (the 1 s are accentuated for contrast) Display processor CRT Keyboard Data input 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 38
Display Device ( ) (CRT) (Cathode-Ray Tube) (Cathode) - 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 39
Display Device ( ) - - - - : + - - - - : + 1/10 - :, - : or - - : x / : y - - : 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 40
(resolution) (aspect ratio) - -, cm - :,, - - - 3 / 4, 12 / 16 - ( ) - - ( ) - (scan line) : - (raster) : 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 41
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(a) (b) (c) (d) 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 43
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Color CRT Shadow Mask Electron Gun Screen Phosphor dot pattern Different phosphor for each color!!! 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 46
Raster-Scan Display input CPU DP CRT pixel Pixel = Picture element Frame Buffer (bit-map) Selective erasing Fixed frame buffer size Independent picture complexity 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 47
Raster-Scan Display Register 1 DAC Frame Buffer CRT Raster 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 48
Raster-Scan Display N Register N 0 1 0 2 2 N DAC N = 3 2 N Levels Frame Buffer CRT Raster 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 49
Raster-Scan Display Red Green Blue Black 0 0 0 Red 1 0 0 Green 0 1 0 Blue 0 0 1 Yellow 1 1 1 Cyan 0 1 1 Magenta 1 0 1 White 1 1 1 3 Registers 0 DAC 1 DAC 0 DAC Blue Green Red N = 3 2 N Levels Frame Buffer CRT Raster 2005-03-10 Computer Graphics 50