13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 Korean J Med Hist 13 37 61 Jun 2004 ISSN 1225 505X * ** ** 1 1951 6 UN 1 7 68 UN UN 1939-41 1) 1953 UN 1976 * 2003 ** 1) 1999 p 67-68 37
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1976 20 ( 1) ( ) 20 2) ( 2) 2) (Rattus norvegicus) (Seoul SEO) (Clethrinomys gla-reolus) (Puumala PUU) (Microtus pennsylvanicus) (Prospect Hill PH) (Bandicota indica) (Thailand THAI) (Apodemus f lavicolis) (Belgrade BGD Dobraba DOB) (Suncus murinus) (Thottapalayam TPM) 1993 (Peromyscus manicula-tus) (Four Corner FCV) (Muerto Canyon MCV) (Sin Nombre SN) (Microtus arvalis Microtus rossiae-meridionalis) (Tula TUL) (Clethrinomys ruf o-canus) (Vladivostok VLA) (Microtus f ortis) (Khabarovsk KBR) (Peromyscus leucopus) (New York NY) (Reithrodonthomys megalotis) (El Moro Canyon ELMC) (Oryzomys palustris) (Bayou BAY) (Reithrodonthomys mexicanus) (Rio Segundo RIOS) (Microtus calif ornicus) (Isla Vista ILV) (Microtus ochrogaster) (Bloodland Lake BLLL) Cloudland (Peromyscus maniculatus) SN (Monongahela MON) (Sigmo-don hispidus) (Black Creek Canal BCC) (Oligo-ryzomys microtis) (Rio Mamore RM) ( 1997 29(5) 361-369) 38
< 1> Asia China Korea Japan USSR Hong Kong Malaysia Sri Lanka Europe Finland Sweden Denmark Bulgaria Hungary 100 000-300 000/year 500-2000/year since 1951 316 (1964-1983) 11000 (1978-1983) 7 (1985-1987) 6 (1985) 4 (1987) 609 (1980-1985) Hundreds since 1964 Hundreds since 1957 406 (1953-1982) 136 (1952-1980) Europe Yugoslavia France Germany Italy Greece Belgium Great Britain America USA Africa Madagascar Hundreds/year since 1952 102 (1982-1987) 8 (1985-1987) 14 (1984-1987) 37 (1982-1987) 4 (1978 7 (1984-1987) 1 (1986) 10 (1986-1987) * 1989 37(2) 146 < 2> (Hantavirus) Family Genus Serotypes Hantaan virus(1976 Korea) Seoul virus(1980 Korea) Puumala virus(1981 Finland) Dobrava virus(belgrade) Bunyaviridae Hantavirus Korea China USSR and Europe All over the world Scandinavia and Europe Balkan peninsula * 1989 37(2) 146 39
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1 1972 1950 ( Q fever ) 3) 1999 4) 2003 9 19 5) 6) 2 1) 3) 1972 15(8) 5 4) 1999 p 32 5) ( ) 2001 6) ( ) 2003 40
19 1950 99% 5 50% 1965 20% 60-70% (bubonic type) (EL Tor type) S dysenteriae S sonnei 2) 19 20 41
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 7) 18 19 ( ) 7) (normal flora) 42
1918-19 2000 ( ) 19 20 Seoul virus 19 2001 9 11 1980 (WHO) 3 1) 1913 8)9) 10) ( ) 1940 ( ) 8) 1 5 1999 p 39 9) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) 1977) 1989 p 4 10) ( ) 10 ( ) 43
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1932 Amur ( ) Primorskaya 1930 Tula Tula Tula 1 1) 1936 5 7 ( ) ( ) 20 1938 160 10 ( ) 18 6 1 1939 8 5 ( ) ( ) 9 12 ( ) 1940 236 26 1941 10 ( ) 102 15 ( ) 1942 2 19 1 12) 1955 23 (Jiang 1981) 13) ( ) 1989 p 7 11) 1989 p 4 12) 1999 p 47-49 44
1936 14) ( 731 ) 101 1910 (war nephritis) 15) 1916 1 1914 (Flanders) (trench nephritis) (war nephritis) 16) 1940 Nephropathia epidemica Epidemic nephritis 1961 Gajdusek 1976 Hemorrhagic nephroso -nephritis Nephropathia epidemica 20 1856 1860 13) p 8 14) 731 ( ) 1855 ( ) 1644 ( ) 8604 ( ) 9420 4 p 22-25 15) (J R Bradford) 1916 1 1861-65 1862 4 1 6 p27 16) p 28 45
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1872 1891 1916 1917 (Apodemus agrarius) 17) 1931 1932 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1933 10 1930 1930 13-32% 18) 11-15% 19) 17) 74% 30% 18) No 355 1943 19) No 346 1943 46
1910 1891 25 1916 1960 1980 (Rattus norvegicus) 2) 1950 20) 20 35 20) 1976 19 5 47
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1930 1942 1 2 1) 22) 19 20 20? 23) 1951 5 21) 1960 1 1977 p 224-230 22) El Nino 6 1993 10 1997 29 2 p 81-91 23) 1945-1959 1989 48
? 1950 6 9 15 10 1 38 1949 38 10 19 ( ) ( ) 24) 20 10 1951 UN 1951 38 10 1951? 24) 49
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 25) 1951 1951 6 < 3> 1951 1975 UN ( ) 9 12 5 7 1951 1960 UN 5 6 7 26) 27)? 25) 5 1993 p 24 26) 5 45-60 1999 p 245 27) 10 2 1 1982 12 1 50
< 3> 28) 28) 1936 1943 731 p 50 51
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 1947 2 1948 29) 1952 2 25 30) 3 1) 32) 1951? 406 ( ) 36 ( ) ( ) 135 ( ) ( ) 21 ( ) 246 ( ) ( ) 101 ( ) 32 ( ) 82 ( ) 63 26 16 29) 1950 2 17 30) ( ) 2003 p 282-283 31) 1950 Serratia marcescens 1952 1953 1977 1949 1969 239 DC 1996 p 267-268 32) 1951 9 21 5 9 1 52
1945 15 1951 8 406 1951 4 406 3 3 ) 1950 12 12 G-2 8 3 4)35) 33) p 227-228 34) 1951 1 p 234-235 p 283 35) 1951 4 CIA (Takeoff 1951 10 Broadbrim ) (Hummer 1951 10 Affiliate ) (Kumquat) 4 1951 7 17 1951 8 23 10 25 p 190-194 53
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6?? 10 19 10 1 11 2 12 3 9 15 30 51 100 36) 37) 2 6 4 5 3 38) 1951 3 4 6 39) 36) 3 21 7 23 2000 p 214 37) 1950 10 p199 38) p207 212 218 39) p 247-267 54
? 3) 1951 6 UN 1500 122 1954 2423 1955 1956 26 1960 UN UN 1956 300 40) 1955 50 60 ( ) UN ( ) UN UN UN 33% 4 1) 40) 1976 19 5 55
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 23% 42) 16 6% 43) 1960-69 11 5% 1970-1979 5 7% 1985 1% ( 4 5) < 4> 1961-1963 1966-1970 71 72 73 74 75 76 18 282 393 186 241 170 448 515 3 73 32 15 22 12 44 51 (%) 16 6 25 8 8 9 8 1 9 1 7 0 9 8 9 9 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 176 100 73 20 46 32 29 36 64 52 15 10 8 1 3 3 5 7 2 2 (%) 8 5 10 10 9 5 6 5 9 3 17 2 19 4 3 1 3 8 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 58 55 58 106 85 76 109 132 89 118 1 3 0 1 1 0 3 1 2 1 (%) 1 7 5 5 0 0 9 1 2 0 2 8 0 8 2 2 0 8 97 98 99 2000 01 02 104 215 196 203 323 336 2 4 5 0 4 1 (%) 1 9 1 9 2 6 0 1 2 0 2 < 5> 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 341 311 257 205 110 82 86 102 134 221 50 30 31 30 10 8 13 8 15 17 (%) 14 6 9 6 12 0 14 6 9 1 9 7 15 1 7 8 11 2 7 7 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 358 203 237 251 370 304 212 168 122 71 28 14 17 14 19 17 9 6 4 1 (%) 7 8 6 9 7 2 5 6 5 1 5 6 4 2 3 6 3 2 1 3 81 82 83 84 85 179 118 96 155 152 9 9 5 6 4 (%) 5 0 7 6 5 2 3 9 2 7 41) 1952 00 1953 1 25 42) 1953 8 19 43) 1963 6 624 56
UN Sheer 5%(1952)-8%(1951) MGL report 44) 4 5% UN 45) UN UN 1954 6 18 5 18 1959 1955 4 6) 4 7) 1960 ( 1) 20 1970 400km 10 44) US Army 406th MCL Annual Historical Report 1956 p 2 45) McClure(1953-1954) 1953 KATUSA 1000 1 7 1 4 1 1 1989 p 39 46) 1962 9 105-106 47) p 30-31 57
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 < 1> (1961-1969, 1973 ) * 58
160km 48) 1970 ( 2) 1968 2 1 1970 < 2> 1971 1974 1976 49) 48) (1971-1976 ) 1976 13 124 49) 59
13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 7 7 400km 1976 1975 10 14 1976 2 4 20 1951 6 1951 60
= ABSTRACT = H e m orrh ag ic F e v er w ith Re n al S y n drom e : H i s toric al A s p e ct s LEE Jae- kwang* HWANG Sang- ik* A mysterious disease was first reported from Korea when it had been observed during late spring 1951 in UN Forces operating in the central area close to the 38th parallel The disease showed distinctive features which included high fever low blood pressure hemorrhagic tendency and acute renal failure Historically it was apparently a similar disease to a clinical entity designated as Epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Manchuria or Hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis in Far Eastern Russia After Lee Ho-Wang succeeded in demonstrating Hantaan virus which caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(hfrs) many studies has revealed various biological and epidemiological aspects of the disease But the origin of the disease in Korea still remains unknown This article tests some hypotheses which explain the origin of the disease and reviews the relation between the Korean War and HFRS It is concluded that the emerging of HFRS would be closely related with the establishment of the munitions supply network in early 1951 in Chinese troop Key Words Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome(HFRS) Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever History of Disease Korean War * Department of the History of Medicine Corresponding author Seoul National University College of Medicine 61