한수지 49(5), 71-71, 216 Note Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(5),71-71,216 봄어기여수연안이각망에어획된어류군집구조의연도별변화 유준택 * 김희용 1 송세현 김영혜 국립수산과학원남해수산연구소자원환경과, 1 국립수산과학원연구기획과 Inter-annual Changes in the Community Structure of Fish Caught by a Both Sides Fyke Net in the Yeosu Coast during the Spring Fishing Period Joon-Taek Yoo*, Heeyong Kim 1, Se Hyun Song and Yeong Hye Kim 1 * Fisheries Resources and Environment Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu 5978, Korea 1 Research and Development Planning Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 4683, Korea We examined the inter-annual changes in the community structure of fish in the Yeosu coast during the spring fishing period (May June) from 28 to 215. Using a both sides fyke net, we collected 74 taxa, of which the dominant species was Trachurus japonicus. In the years 29-21 and 215, when the relative abundance of T. japonicus decreased, the fish species diversity increased, as estimated from the rarefaction curve and beta-diversity, resulting in a significant difference in the fish community structure between two year groups: one comprising 29-21 and 215 and the other comprising 28 and 211-214. T. japonicus may be a keystone species that plays a critical role in temporal changes in the community structure of fish caught by fyke nets along the southern coast of Korea. Obvious modes in the length-frequency of T. japonicus smaller than fork length (FL) 1 cm were observed continually during the study, while the frequency of T. japonicus bigger than FL 15 cm declined rapidly after 21. The new recruitment of smaller T. japonicus before and after 21 appeared beginning in June and May, respectively. Key words: Fish community, Annual changes, Fyke net, Yeosu 서론, 4% (Yoon et al., 214).., (Zhang, 22).,,..,, Yoo et al. (214) Yoo et al. (215). Yoo et al. (214) 21 213, Yoo et al. (215) 213-215.,. 28-215. (Jeong et al., 25; Hwang et al., 28; Kim et al., 211)., Kim et al. (211) 21 (Trachurus japonicus) 6, (T. japonicus) http://dx.doi.org/1.5657/kfas.216.71 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(5) 71-71, October 216 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3./) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 1 September 216; Revised 14 October 216; Accepted 21 October 216 *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 61. 69. 8945 Fax: +82. 61. 686. 1588 E-mail address: yoojt@korea.kr Copyright 216 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 71 pissn:374-8111, eissn:2287-8815
72 유준택ㆍ김희용ㆍ송세현ㆍ김영혜., Kim et al. (211) 28-215 (5-6 ). 이각망어획물및수온 재료및방법 (Fig. 1) 28 1 215 12 1.,,, 5-6 1-12. (cooler). Chyung (1977), Kim et al. (25) Kim et al. (25),.1 cm.. 35 N 군집구조분석 2-4., ( )., Rarefaction curve (ES) Simpson (Masaaki, 1996; Hsieh and Li, 1998; Hurlbert, 1971)., (bias) (5-6 ), (UPGMA) (hierarchical cluster analysis). Chao-Jaccard (Doi and Okamura, 211; Chao et al., 26)., PERMANOVA(Permutational multivariate analysis of variance) (Anderson, 21; Harding et al., 211), SIMPER(Similarity-percentages procedure). R vegan (Oksanen et al., 214). 결과 표면수온 34 N 126 E 127 E 128 E 28-215 5-6 ( ) Fig. 2. 18.2-19.6 21 Hwayangmyeon Geumo Island Sea surface temperature ( ) 2 19 18 17 28 29 21 211 Year 212 213 214 215 Fig. 1. Sampling station (a star) for the study in the coast of Yeosu. Fig. 2. Annual changes of surface sea temperature in the coast of Yeosu from 28 to 215.
여수연안이각망에어획된어류군집구조장기변화 73 Richness index (ES) 3 25 2 15 1 5, 211,. 211 18.2, 214 19.6. 군집구조 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 Year Fig. 3. Annual changes in the richness (ES) and diversity (β-diversity) indexes of fishes caught by a both sides fyke net in the study area. Richness and diversity indexes are estimated from rarefaction and Simpson β -diversity, respectively. 28-215 (5-6 ) 74 3,911 (Table 1). 21 25, 211 29-35. 29-21 215 5, 28 212-214 5,. 1, (T. japonicus) 91.1%, 29-21 215 1. (Lateolabrax japonicus), (Thamnaconus modestus), (Oplegnathus fasciatus). (Scomber japonicus) (Clupea pallasii) 28 (Table 1). (ES) ( ) Fig. 3. ES (Fig. 2). (T. japonicus) 29-21 215 ES 15.5. 129 ( 29 ) Table 2. (Fig. 4),.7 29-21 215 (Group 1), (Group 2)., ES β 1.8.6.4.2 Diversity index (β) Distance..2.4.6.8 1. 215 95% (PERMANOVA, P<.5). SIMPER. SIMPER 5% (Table 3), (L. japonicus).7 8.7%., (T. modestus) 8.37%, (P. olivaceus) 5.93%, 5.69%, (O. fasciatus) 5.65%, (L. maculatus) 4.82%, (P. major) 4.82%, (S. inermis) 4.75%., Group 2 (28 211-214 ) Group 1 (29-21 215 ) (average abundance) (T. japonicus),. 전갱이의체장조성 29 21 28 212 214 211 213 Year Fig. 4. Dendrogram for hierarchincal clustering. The abundance of fishes resampled from original fish samples for the study is used in the cluster analysis. (T. japonicus) (Fork length, FL) Fig. 5. FL 3.3-25.3 cm, FL 5.-1. cm., (FL)., 28-29 FL 15. cm, 21 (FL) 1. cm FL 15. cm (T. japonicus) 3%,.
74 유준택ㆍ김희용ㆍ송세현ㆍ김영혜 Table 1. Annual variation in species composition of fishes caught by both sides fyke net in the coast of Yeosu during the spring fishing period (May-June) from 28 to 215 Species Year 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 Total Acanthopagrus schlegeli 4 21 1 3 38 Acropoma japonicum 1 1 2 Apogon lineatus 1 2 13 12 43 3 83 Apogon semilineatus 1 1 Chelidonichthys spinosus 3 6 1 4 1 4 3 4 Chelon haematocheilus 1 1 Chromis notate 3 3 Clupea pallasii 11 1 4 1 1 117 Conger myriaster 2 4 6 1 1 5 19 Cynoglossus robustus 1 2 3 2 1 Cynoglossus semilaevis 1 1 Ditrema temminckii 1 6 16 Engraulis japonicus 1 1 Epinephelus akaara 1 2 1 4 Erisphex pottii 15 8 23 Hapalogenys mucronatus 1 1 2 4 8 Hemitripterus villosus 1 1 2 Hexagrammos otakii 1 1 11 Histiopterus typus 1 1 Hypodytes rubripinnis 72 72 Inimicus japonicus 1 1 Johnius grypotus 18 18 Kaiwarinus equula 1 1 11 Kareius bicoloratus 1 2 1 1 5 Konosirus punctatus 1 1 4 8 14 Larimichthys polyactis 7 7 Lateolabrax japonicus 2 3 81 4 2 3 3 39 137 Lateolabrax maculatus 2 65 1 77 Lepidotrigla abyssalis 3 3 Lepidotrigla microptera 1 1 Miichthys miiuy 1 1 Mugil cephalus 3 2 6 17 21 49 Muraenesox cinereus 1 1 Neoditrema ransonneti 11 6 1 18 Nibea albiflora 9 5 2 16 Nuchequula nuchalis 12 2 1 1 18 5 4 52 Okamejei kenojei 3 1 4 Oplegnathus fasciatus 9 7 14 12 12 12 45 21 132 Pagrus major 2 1 6 12 4 1 2 4 41 Paralichthys olivaceus 4 5 11 4 6 2 1 2 35 Parapercis sexfasciata 1 1
여수연안이각망에어획된어류군집구조장기변화 75 Table 1. Continued Species Year 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 Total Pennahia argentata 1 1 1 1 11 6 8 47 Pholis nebulosa 1 1 Platycephalus indicus 1 1 1 3 Plectorhynchus cinctus 1 2 4 3 1 Pleuronectes yokohamae 1 4 3 8 Pleuronichthys cornutus 1 5 3 5 1 2 17 Raja pulchra 1 1 Sardinella zunasi 1 3 4 Saurida undosquamis 1 1 Scomber japonicus 1,21 3 1 1 1,215 Sebastes inermis 1 1 5 9 8 7 13 21 65 Sebastes koreanus 1 1 Sebastes longispinis 1 1 Sebastes schlegelii 1 1 1 3 Sebastes thompsoni 2 2 Seriola lalandi 1 1 1 1 4 Seriola quinqueradiata 2 2 Sillago japonica 1 3 3 8 42 Sillago sihama 2 2 Sphyraena pinguis 1 1 6 8 Stephanolepis cirrhifer 2 7 1 2 2 2 16 Stichaeus grigorjewi 1 1 Takifugu niphobles 1 1 Takifugu pardalis 1 1 1 1 4 Takifugu poecilonotus 6 3 3 2 14 Takifugu snyderi 1 1 Takifugu stictonotus 1 1 Thamnaconus modestus 5 22 15 48 1 6 7 21 134 Thryssa kammalensis 5 28 2 35 Trachurus japonicus 4,34 53 14 1,769 5,79 6,981 9,177 87 28,175 Trichiurus lepturus 3 3 Zeus faber 1 1 Zoarces gillii 4 8 12 Number of species 21 21 23 35 34 32 29 35 75 Total individuals 5,72 129 274 1,969 5,939 7,168 9,382 33 3,912, FL 15. cm 28-29 211-215 (Fig. 6). 28-29, 5 FL 1. cm FL 15 cm, 6 FL 15. cm FL 8. cm. 211-215, FL 1. cm (T. japonicus) 5. 고찰 Kim et al. (211) 21
76 유준택ㆍ김희용ㆍ송세현ㆍ김영혜 Table 2. Species composition of fishes resampled from original fish samples. The original samples were randomly resampled to the lowest number of individuals (129 individuals in 29) using rrarefy function in the vegan package (R statistical software) Species Year 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 Acanthopagrus schlegeli 4 12 1 1 Apogon lineatus 1 1 Apogon semilineatus 1 Chelidonichthys spinosus 3 2 1 1 Clupea pallasii 3 1 Conger myriaster 2 1 Epinephelus akaara 1 Histiopterus typus 1 Hypodytes rubripinnis 35 Kareius bicoloratus 1 Konosirus punctatus 2 Larimichthys polyactis 1 Lateolabrax japonicus 3 38 11 Lateolabrax maculatus 2 26 Leiognathus nuchalis 2 2 1 2 Mugil cephalus 2 2 2 Muraenesox cinereus 1 Neoditrema ransonneti 1 Nibea albiflora 1 Oplegnathus fasciatus 7 9 1 9 Pagrus major 1 4 2 1 Paralichthys olivaceus 5 8 1 Pennahia argentata 5 4 Platycephalus indicus 1 Pleuronectes yokohamae 1 Pleuronichthys cornutus 1 2 2 Raja pulchra 1 Scomber japonicus 29 Sebastes inermis 1 4 9 Sebastes schlegelii 1 Seriola lalandi 1 1 Stephanolepis cirrhifer 1 7 Takifugu niphobles 1 Takifugu pardalis 1 Takifugu snyderi 1 Thamnaconus modestus 22 5 5 1 6 Thryssa kammalensis 1 2 Trachurus japonicus 96 53 8 114 124 127 126 38 Zeus faber 1, 28-215 (5-6 ). (T. japonicus)
여수연안이각망에어획된어류군집구조장기변화 77 8 8 7 28 n = 132 avg. = 14.1 7 212 n = 1,144 avg. = 7.6 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 28 n = 17 7 213 n = 51 avg. = 18.5 avg. = 7.2 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 28 n = 14 7 214 n = 486 avg. = 8.6 avg. = 7.1 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 28 n = 281 7 215 n = 87 avg. = 6.4 avg. = 5.6 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 Fork length (cm) Fork length (cm) Fig. 5. Length-frequency distributions of Trachurus japonicus caught by the both sides fyke net during a spring fishing period (May-June) for study area from 28 to 215.., Group 1(29-21 215 ) Group 2(28 211-214 ) (P<.5), (T. japonicus) (L. japonicus) 7 (Table 3)., (T. japonicus) (29-21 215 ) (ES ). Kim et al. (211) (T. japonicus)., (T. japonicus)., Hun and An (22) 1998 5-6.,, (T. japonicus)
78 유준택ㆍ김희용ㆍ송세현ㆍ김영혜 8 8 7 May n = 82 May n = 1,49 28-29 7 211-215 avg. = 18.3 avg. = 6.8 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 8 8 7 June n = 67 7 June n = 1,99 avg. = 1. avg. = 7.7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 Fork length (cm) Fork length (cm) Fig. 6. Length-frequency distributions of Trachurus japonicus caught by the both sides fyke net in May and June in the years 28-29 (left) and 211-215 (right). Table 3. Species contribution (%) to average dissimilarity resulting from SIMPER between Group 1 (29-21 and 215) and Group 2 (28 and 211-214) Species Average abundance Group 1 Group 2 Average dissimilarity Contribution (%) Cumulative (%) Lateolabrax japonicus 1.13..7 8.71 8.71 Thamnaconus modestus 1.7..6 8.37 17.8 Paralichthys olivaceus.77..5 5.93 23.1 Trachurus japonicus 1.33 2.8.4 5.69 28.7 Oplegnathus fasciatus.91.18.4 5.65 34.35 Lateolabrax maculatus.63..4 4.82 39.18 Pagrus major.71.1.4 4.82 44. Sebastes inermis.68.1.4 4.75 48.75., (T. japonicus) (keystone species) (Mills et al., 1993).. 4 mm (Engraulis japonicus), (E. japonicus) (Cho et al., 214; Yoo et al., 215).,. FL 1. cm (T. japonicus) (Fig. 5). Kim et al. (211) FL 6. cm (T. japonicus). (T. japonicus) 5 (Kim et al., 211)., 28-29 5 FL 1 cm
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