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1 한수지 47(5), , 2014 Original Article Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(5), ,2014 월성원자력발전소 주변해역에서 저층트롤에 의해 어획된 어류의 종조성 최정화 김정윤 1 * 김진구 1 김종빈 2 국립수산과학원 자원관리과, 1 부경대학교 자원생물학과, 2 남서해수산연구소 아열대수산연구센터 Seasonal Variation of Species Composition of Fish in the Coastal Waters off Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant, East Sea of Korea by Otter Trawl Survey Jung Hwa Choi, Jung Yun Kim*, Jin Koo Kim 1 and Jung Bin Kim 2 Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan , Korea 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan , Korea 2 Southeastern Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Jeju , Korea. We examined seasonal variation in fish species composition in coastal waters near Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant in the East Sea of Korea. A total of 72 species, 39 families, 14 orders, 46,214 individuals, and 4,639,667 g were collected. Glyptocephalus stelleri was the most dominant species by number of individuals (35%), followed by Clupea pallasii (26%). Liparis tanakai and Lophius litulon were the dominant species by biomass, accounting for 46% and 28%, respectively. We showed that bottom salinity and temperature are the most important environmental factors influencing fish species composition. Although bottom salinity did not differ statistically among seasons or stations, we detected some variation among stations. Additionally, bottom temperature differed among seasons and stations (P<0.05), affecting numbers of individuals and biomass. Thus, seasonal variation in fish assemblages can be classified into two groups: spring/summer and autumn/winter. Key words: Nuclear power plant, Species composition, Fish assemblage 서 론,.,,, (Park et al., 1991). (Baeck et al., 2010), (Lee, 1999; Hong et al., 2008), (Choi et al., 2008), (Yoon et al., 2008), (Han et al., 2002), (Seo et al., 2009; Kim et al., 2010). (Crema and Bonvicini Pagliai, 1981; Lardicci et al., 1999), (Gibbons and Sharits, 1974; Durrett and Pearson, 1975; Warwick, 1993; Kim et al., 2007; Teixeira et al., 2009)..,. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(5) , October 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens ( permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 19 August 2014; Revised 10 October 2014; Accepted 15 October 2014 *Corresponding author: Tel: Fax: address: hoochi0901@naver.com Copyright 2014 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 645 pissn: , eissn:

Bin Kim 2 Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, Korea 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan

2 646 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 재료 및 방법 (Otter trawl) , 2 ( ), 5 ( ), 8 ( ), 11 ( ) (Fig. 1). ( 3 km ), ( 3 km ), 5-8 km.,, (ph), (DO) (YSI 6600, USA). 29 m, 40.4 mm, 20.0 mm. 2 knot/h 30, 8 m 8 m 2, 1 15,000 m g., (H') (Shannon, 1948) Fig. 1. Sampling stations Reference of the coastal Discharg waters Intake off Wolseong Total nuclear power plant. Number of Species Bonggil-ri WS NPP Naa-ri Korea I 35 41'30"N '30"E E129 30' 35 43'30"N '30"E D I D Ref Ref 35 42'30"N '50"E : Intake : Discharg : Reference 0 3km N35 40' N35 45' E129 35',. H'= - s [ni ln( ni i=0 )] N N (n i : i, N:, S: ) Square root Bray-Curtis similarity (UPGMA) (Dendrogram) (Hierarchical cluster analysis)., PRIMER V5 (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) Principal Score (Correlation Analysis). 해양 환경 결 과, , (Table 1). 8, psu, psu, 2,. 11. (ph) , (DO),. 종조성 14 (Order), 39 (Family), 72 (Species) (Table 2). (Perciformes) 16 20, (Scorpaeniformes) 6 16, (Pleuronectiformes) 2 9, (Gadiformes) (Clupeiformes) 2 4, (Zeiformes) (Osmeriformes) 1 2, 1 1. (Glyptocephalus stelleri) 35.0% (16,153 ), (Clupea pallasii) 25.6% (11,851 )

Number of Species Bonggil-ri WS NPP Naa-ri Korea 40 30 20 10 I 35 41'30"N 129 30'30"E E129 30' 35 43'30"N 129 30'30"E D I D Ref Ref 35 42'30"N 129 33'50"E : Intake : Discharg : Reference 0 3km N35

3 월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 647. (Liparis tessellatus), (Trachurus japonicus), (Lophius litulon), (Hippoglossoides pinetorum) 5.3%. (Liparis tanakai) 45.6% (2,116,296 g), 27.6% (1,279,005 g). Table 1. Environment factors at the stations of intake (I), discharge (D) and reference (R) in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant February August November February August November February August November Temperature ( ) Salinity (psu) ph DO Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I R D I

November February August November Temperature ( ) Salinity (psu) ph DO Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom R 11.8 11.3 34.0 34.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1 D 11.7 11.1 33.8 34.0 8.0 7.9 8.3 8.

4 648 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Table 2. Species composition of fish collected by an otter trawl in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant. N and W represent the number of individuals and biomass (g) of annual fish catch, respectively (/ca. 15,000 m 2 ), and the cross mark (+) represents the value less than 0.1% Total Scientific name N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W Glyptocephalus stelleri 4,181 84, ,706 38, , , , , Clupea pallasii 1,818 64, , , ,991 74, , , Liparis tessellatus , ,247 30, , , , Trachurus japonicus 2,370 15, ,414 16, Lophius litulon , , , , ,283 1,279, Hippoglossoides pinetorum 1,344 70, , , , , Liparis tanakai , , ,174 1,872, ,893 2,116, Apogon lineatus 320 1, ,199 4, ,668 6, Arctoscopus japonicus , , ,081 33, Gadus macrocephalus 409 9, , , ,073 16, Coleorhynchus multispinulosus , , , Engraulis japonicus 307 2, , Psenopsis anomala 304 9, , , Acropoma japonicum , , Malakichthys wakiyae 243 3, , Pleuronectes yokohamae , , , , Trichiurus lepturus , , , Konosirus punctatus 89 7, , Chelidonichthys spinosus 12 2, , , , Decapterus maruadsi Coilia nasus , , , Larimichthys polyactis 61 2, , Hemitripterus villosus , , Coleorhyncus japonicus 46 1, , Conger myriaster 28 4, , , Helicolenus hilgendorfi , Callionymidae sp Hexagrammos otakii 24 5, , Sphyraena pinguis 16 1, , Stephanolepis cirrhifer Repomucenus lunatus Sillago sihama Synagrops philippinensis Alcichthys elongatus 7 1, ,

1% 2006 2007 2008 Total Scientific name N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W Glyptocephalus stelleri 4,181 84,221 27.8 8.9 2,706 38,685 20.9 3.2 9,266 269,146 50.7 10.8 16,153 392,052 35.0 8.

5 월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 649 Scomberomorus niphonius 4 2, , Clidoderma asperrimum Hypodytes rubripinnis Xenocephalus elongatus Doederleinia berycoides Pampus echinogaster Coleorhyncus longissimus Maurolicus muelleri Synagrops japonicus Cynoglossus robustus Bathycallionymus kaianus Parascolopsis inermis Callanthias japonicus Collichthys niveatus Gymnocanthus herzensteini Zenopsis nebulosa , Johnius grypotus Sebastes thompsoni Sebastiscus albofasciatus Squalus acanthias Zoarces gilli Tanakius kitaharai Zeus faber Eopsetta grigorjewi Pholis nebulosa Argentina kagoshimae Neobythites sivicolus Pleuronichthys cornutus Saurida undosquamis Pampus argenteus Scorpaena neglecta Glossanodon semifasciatus Inimicus japonicus Cottiusculus schmidti Leiognathus nuchalis Microstomus achne Cottidae sp Lepidotrigla hime Total 15, , ,925 1,197, ,259 2,493, ,214 4,639,

+ 1 25 + + 5 164 + + Pampus echinogaster 1 243 + + 4 506 + + 5 749 + + Coleorhyncus longissimus 5 75 + + 5 75 + + Maurolicus muelleri 5 3 + + 5 3 + + Synagrops japonicus 5 80 + + 5 80 + + Cynoglossus

6 % 7.6%, 3.0%. 종조성 변동 , , , , , 50, 49,, , (Fig. 2) , , ,584 g, ,914,726 g., (H, Diversity index) 0.52 ( ) ( ). 11, ,422 88%, 8% , , 군집분석, 40% 5 (Fig. 3). 1, (Coleorhynchus multispinulosus),,, 2, 3,,,,. 4 (Engraulis japonicus), (Psenopsis anomala),, 5 (Acropoma japonicum) %, PC 1-5 (Eigen values) 5.0, 4.6% 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Bonggil-ri D (Table WS NPP 3). Ref (Table Naa-ri 4), PC '30"N I '50"E (P<0.05), PC 2 (P<0.05). PC 3, PC '30"N, PC '30"E I (P<0.05). : Intake D : Discharg (Fig. Ref : Reference 4), PC 1 PC 2 0 3km 5. PC 1 (-) Number of Species Number of individuals Biomass (g) Diversity index (H ) ,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1, , , , , , , Feb E129 30' Reference Aug '30"N '30"E Nov. Feb Season E129 35' 1,632,619 g Fig. 2. Seasonal variations in number of species, number of individuals, biomass (g), and diversity index of fish collected by an otter trawl in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant. Aug. Nov. Feb Aug. N35 40' N35 45' Discharg Intake Total Nov.

4 (Engraulis japonicus), (Psenopsis anomala),, 5 (Acropoma japonicum). 23. 50%, PC 1-5 (Eigen values) 5.0, 4.6% 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Bonggil-ri D (Table WS NPP 3).

7 월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 Bray-Curtis similarity Gorup 1 Gorup 2 Gorup 3 Gorup 4 Gorup I(Nov.) 07-D(Nov.) 07-R(Nov.) 08-D(Nov.) 08-I(Nov.) 06-D(Aug.) 06-I(Aug.) 07-D(Feb. 07-I(Feb.) 07-R(Feb.) 07-D() 07-D(Aug.) 08-R(Nov.) 06-R(Aug.) 06-R(Feb.) 06-D(Feb.) 06-I(Feb.) 07-R(Aug.) 06-R() 07-I() 06-D() 06-I() 07-I(Aug.) 07-R() 08-D() 08-I() 08-R() 08-D(Feb.) 08-I(Feb.) 08-R(Feb.) 06-R(Nov.) 06-D(Nov.) 06-I(Nov.) 08-R(Aug.) 08-D(Aug.) 08-I(Aug.) Fig. 3. Dendrogram of hierarchical clustering on fish assemblage for seasonal sampling in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant (I: intake, D: discharge, R: reference)., (+). PC 2 11, 2, 5, 8,. 고 찰 72,, (Konosirus punctatus), (Benthic fish)., (Lee 1991, 1999). 59, (Repomucenus lunatus), (Tridentiger trigonocephalus), (Repomucenus huguenini), (Ammodytes personatus), (Sillago japonica) (Lee, 1999).,. 20, Table 3. Eigen value, variance and cumulative variance of the principle components PC Eigen Variance (%) Cum. Variance (%) Table 4. Correlation coefficients between principle component (PC) scores and environment factors. The mark (*) denoted significant level at P<0.05 Environmental factor PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 Suarface Temperature * Bottom Temperature * Suarface Salinity Bottom Salinity 0.524* * Suarface ph Bottom ph Suarface DO Bottom DO

) 08-R(Feb.) 06-R(Nov.) 06-D(Nov.) 06-I(Nov.) 08-R(Aug.) 08-D(Aug.) 08-I(Aug.) Fig. 3.

8 652 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Principle Component Grourp Grourp 2 Grourp 5 Principle Component 1 Grourp 3 Grourp Fig. 4. Principle component analysis of fish assemblage for seasonal sampling in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant (I: intake, D: discharge, R: reference). 23,,, (Lee, 2011),.,,,. (, : m) (, : m), (200-1,000 m) (Park et al., 2007, Yoon et al., 2008; Choi et al., 2012). 5, 3-5 (Kim et al., 2005; Cha et al., 2008), 11 (4 ) (Park et al., 2007)., 1,000 10, 94% , (Kim et al., 2005), (Yang et al., 2012).,.,, 2006 (Yang et al., 2012).., (Choi et al., 2008)., (P<0.05). Kim et al. (2010), (, ). (5 ), (8 ) (11 ), (2 ) PC 2. (8 ), (11 ) (2 ), (5 ) PC 2 (Lee et al., 2012). 사 사 (RP-2013-FR-099). References Baeck GW, Huh SH, Park SC, Kim JH and Park JM Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of fish assemblages collected by a three-side fyke net in the coastal waters off Gori. Kor J Ichthy 22, Cha HK, Kwon HC, Lee SI, Yang JH, Chang DS and Chun YY Maturity and spawning of Korean flounder Glyptocephalus stelleri (Schmidt) in the East Sea of Korea. Kor J Ichthy 20, Choi KH, Han MH, Kang CK, Park JM, Choi JH, Park JH, Sohn MH Baeck GW, Choy EJ and Lee CI Seasonal variations in species composition of fish assemblage collected by trammel net in coastal waters of the East Sea. Bull Kor Soc Fish Tech 48, Choi Y, Lee HH and Jang JH Ichthyofauna of the Intertidal Zone around the Nuclear Power Plants off Sinweolseong, Eastern Coast, Kor J Ichthy 20, Crema, R and Bonvicini Pagliai AM The structure of benthic communities in an area of thermal discharge from a coastal power station. Mar Pollut Bull 11, Durrett, CW and Pearson WD Drift of macroinver-

23,,, (Lee, 2011),.,,,. (, : 300-450 m) (, : 110-130 m), (200-1,000 m) (Park et al., 2007, Yoon et al., 2008; Choi et al., 2012). 5, 3-5 (Kim et al., 2005; Cha et al., 2008), 11 (4 ) (Park et al.

9 월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 653 tebrates in a channel carrying heated water from a power plant. Hydrobiologia 46, Gibbons, JW and Sharits RR Thermal ecology. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Springfield, Virginia, 670pp. Han KH, Kim JH and Baek SR Seasonal variation of species composition of fishes collected by set net in coastal waters of Ulsan, Korea. Kor J Ichthy 14, Hong BK, Kim JK, Park KD, Jeon KA, Chun YY, Hwang KS, Kim YS and Park KY Species composition of fish collected in gill nets from Youngil Bay, East Sea of Korea. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 41, Kim IS, Choi Y, Lee CL, Lee YJ, Kim BJ and Kim JH Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyohaksa, Seoul, 613pp. Kim MH, Moon HT, Shin SH, Shon MB, Byun JY, Choi HC and Son MH Characteristics of zooplankton community in the coastal waters of Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant, East Sea of Korea. Kor J Environ Biol 28, Kim YH, Ahn JK, Yoon HD and Jang MA Effects of heated effluents on the intertidal macroalgal community near Gori Nuclear Power Plant. Algae 22, Lardicci, C, Rossi F and Maltagliati F Detection of thermal pollution: Variability of benthic communities at two different spatial scales in an area influenced by a coastal power station. Mar Pollut Bull 38, Lee JB, Shin YJ, Lee SJ, Lee JH, Choi YM, Lee DW, Kim SW and Yang JH Seasonal variations of fisheries resources composition in the coastal ecosystem of the Yongil Bay, Korea. J Environ Sci Inter 21, Lee TW The demersal fishes of Asan Bay I. optimal sample size. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 24, Lee TW Seasonal variation in species composition of demersal fish in Yongil Bay, East Coast of Korea. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 32, Lee TW Seasonal variation in species composition of demersal fish in the coastal water off Uljin and Hupo in the East Sea of Korea in Kor J Ichthy 23, Park HH, Jeong EC, Bae BS, Yang YS, Hwang SJ, Park JH, im YS, Lee SI and Choi SH Fishing investigation and species composition of the catches caught by a bottom trawl in the deep East Sea. Bull Kor Soc Fish Tech 44, Park JS, Lee SS, Kang YS and Huh SH Distribution of indicator species of copepods and chaetognaths in the middle East Sea of Korea and their relationships to the characteristics of water masses. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 24, Seo IS, Moon HT, Choi BM, Kim MH, Kim DI, Yun JS, Byun JY, Choi HC and Son MH Community structure of macrobenthic assemblages around the Wolseong Nuclear Plant, East Sea of Korea. Kor J Environ Eco 27, Shannon, CE The mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal 27, Teixeira, TP, Neves LM and Araujo FG Effects of a nuclear power plant thermal discharge on habitat complexity and fish community structure in Ilha Grande Bay, Brazil. Mar Environ Res 68, Warwick, RM Environmental impact studies on marine communities: Pragmatical consideration. Aus J Ecol 18, Yang JH, Lee SI, Park KY, Yoon SC, Kim JB, Chun YY, Kim SW and Lee JB Migraton and distribution changes of the sandfish, Arctoscopus japonicus in the East Sea. Bull Kor Soc Fish Tech 48, Yoon SC, Cha HK, Lee SI, Chang DS, Hwang SJ and Yang JH Variation in species composition of demersal organisms caught by trawl survey in the East Sea. Bull Kor Soc Fish Tech 44,

Hong BK, Kim JK, Park KD, Jeon KA, Chun YY, Hwang KS, Kim YS and Park KY. 2008. Species composition of fish collected in gill nets from Youngil Bay, East Sea of Korea.

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