A0063-65610-57-0109 A Study on the Consumption Pattern and Pricing Structure of Major Oriental Medicines in Korea 2001. 5 :
. 2001. 5. : : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( )
Abstract A Study on the Consumption Pattern and Pricing Structure of Major Oriental Medicines in Korea This study was conducted to provide basic information necessary for the better administration of Oriental medicines in Korea. Raw material of Oriental medicines(hahn medicines) are mainly agricultured by farmers or imported from Oriental countries and then used as various goods such as food, cosmetics, medicines, etc. Accordingly its safety, quality and price are required to be administrated optimally. In order to find out the better measure of administration this study contains three sub- contents as follows. defining the major Oriental medicines on the basis of consumption volume of them. estimating of the consumption pattern of the major Oriental medicines with surveyed data. analyzing the pricing structure of the major Oriental medicines with surveyed data. This study used various methods to analyze the data as follows Statistics of the production, import and export volume of Oriental medicines was analyzed to define the major Oriental medicines. The distribution and consumption volume of the major Oriental medicines was surveyed with structured questionaire and data were readjusted with some estimating formula. The prices and their structure of the major Oriental medicines were surveyed with structured questionaire and the data were analyzed with proportion.
The results and recommendation of this study were generated with General Idea Generation Method in which researchers, advisors and professions attended. The out put of this study are as follows The major Oriental medicines (37 items) were selected according to the consumption volume which was estimated with surveyed data. <Major Oriental medicines> A denophora triphylla A. DC. var. japonica Hara, Platycodon grandif lorum A. De Candolle, Angelica gigas Nakai, Dioscorea batatas Decaisne, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Astragalus membranaceus(fish.) Bunge, Paeonia lactif lora Pall, A ralia cordata Thunberg, Alisma Orientale Juzepzuk, Coix lacryma-jobi Linne var. mayuen STA PF, Cnidium off icinale Makino, Cyperus rotundus Linne, Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz var. purpurea Makino, Lycium chinense Miller, Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne, Citrus unshiu Markovich, Poria cocos Wolf, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge var. typica Schneider, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus(max.) Williams, Dimocarpus longan Lour, Pueraria lobata Ohwi, Saussurea lappa Clarke, Amomum xanthioides Wallich, A rtemisia capillaris Thunberg, Cervus nippon Temminck, Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute, Polygonatum doratum(mill.) Druce, A tractylodes japonica Koidzumi, Zingiber off icinale Rosc., Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer, Pinellia ternata Breitenbach, Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis(bunge.) Rehd., Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischkin, A tractylodes lancea D.C., Magnolia off icinalis Rehder et Wilso The consumption volume of major Oriental medicines(51,374 ton/year) was estimated by consumer groups and by regions. The price and margine of the major Oriental medicines was analyzed by markets(4 major markets) and by distribution patterns(3 major patterns) This study suggested some ways to improve the administration of Oriental medicines This study recommends the safety, quality and price of the major Oriental medicines are required to be administrated by government in order to provide the Oriental physicians with better materials of medicine. And more in- depth studies on the pattern of pricing, consumption distribution and circulation of raw materials are necessary for advance- ment of Oriental medicine industry.
1/ 1 1. 1 2. 5 3. 7 4. 10 2 / 22 1. 22 2. ( ) 45 3. 60 3 / 77 1. 77 2. 111 3. 115 4. 187 4 / 218 1. 218 5 / 298 1. 298 2. 300 3. 333 4. 335
6 / 338 341 358 7/ 362 / 369
1-1 37 (1999 ) 16 1-2 Grouping 17 2-1 23 2-2 24 2-3 514 29 2-4 32 2-5 2-6 (65 ) 32 (65 ) 33 2-7 65 33 2-8 34 2-9 35 2-10 36 2-11 2000 40 2-12 (1998) 43 2-13 43 2-14 45 2-15 ( ) 46 2-16 46 2-17 51 2-18 54 2-19 ( ) 55 2-20 56 2-21 (2001. 3. 31 ) 57 2-22 59 2-23 62 2-24 63
2-25 64 2-26 Dietary Supplements (1999 ) 65 2-27 20 66 2-28 67 2-29 ( ) 68 2-30 ( ) 69 2-31 69 2-32 ( ) 70 2-33 72 2-34 73 2-35 75 3-1 79 3-2 (1999) 79 3-3 81 3-4 81 3-6 94 3-7 95 3-8 (1999) 96 3-9 (1999) 99 3-10 (2000) 100 3-11 101 3-12 103 3-13 108 3-14 50 109 3-15 111 3-16 111 3-17 112 3-18 114 3-19 115 3-20 (1999 ) 153
3-21 154 3-22 159 3-23 160 3-24 ( ) (2000 ) 161 3-25 (2000 ) 162 3-26 B 166 3-27 171 3-28 172 3-29 ( ) 174 3-30 175 3-31 175 3-32 182 3-33 185 3-34 188 3-35 10 199 3-36 199 3-37 (1997 ) 200 3-38 204 3-39 205 3-40 206 4-1 218 4-2 219 4-3 221 4-4 221 4-5 37 225 4-6 226 4-7 37 (1999 ) 226
4-8 37 228 4-9 36 (1999 ) 266 4-10 Grouping 267 4-11 Group 268 4-12 Grouping 269 4-13 Grouping 271 4-14 290 4-15 291 4-16 293 4-17 294 4-18 294 4-19 296 4-20 297 5-1 299 5-2 301 5-3 304 5-4 306 5-5 307 5-6 308 5-7 309 5-8 310 5-9 311 5-10 312 5-11 313 5-12 314 5-13 315 5-14 317 5-15 320 5-16 322 5-17 323
5-18 325 5-19 326 5-20 327 5-21 328 5-22 329 5-23 330 5-24 331 5-25 332 6-1 Grouping 349 6-2 37 (1999 ) 351 6-3 354
2-1 35 2-2 37 3-1 155 3-2 156 3-3 163 3-4 164 3-5 B 167 3-6 185 3-7 196 4-1 220 4-2 Flow Chart 224 4-3 229 4-4 230 4-5 231 4-6 232 4-7 233 4-8 234 4-9 235 4-10 236 4-11 237 4-12 238 4-13 239 4-14 240 4-15 241 4-16 242 4-17 243 4-18 244
4-19 245 4-20 246 4-21 247 4-22 248 4-23 249 4-24 250 4-25 251 4-26 252 4-27 253 4-28 254 4-29 255 4-30 256 4-31 257 4-32 258 4-33 259 4-34 260 4-35 261 4-36 262 4-37 263 4-38 264 4-39 265 4-40 Grouping 267 4-41 Group 269 4-42 Grouping 272 4-43 Grouping 272 4-44 Grouping 273 4-45 Grouping 273 4-46 Grouping 274 4-47 Grouping 274 4-48 Grouping 275 4-49 Grouping 275
4-50 Grouping 276 4-51 Grouping 276 4-52 Grouping 277 4-53 Grouping 277 4-54 Grouping 278 4-55 Grouping 278 4-56 Grouping 279 4-57 Grouping 279 4-58 Grouping 280 4-59 Grouping 280 4-60 Grouping 281 4-61 Grouping 281 4-62 Grouping 282 4-63 Grouping 282 4-64 Grouping 283 4-65 Grouping 283 4-66 Grouping 284 4-67 Grouping 284 4-68 Grouping 285 4-69 Grouping 285 4-70 Grouping 286 4-71 Grouping 286 4-72 Grouping 287 4-73 Grouping 287 4-74 Grouping 288 4-75 Grouping 288 4-76 Grouping 289 4-77 Grouping 289 4-78 Grouping 290 4-79 296 5-1 310 5-2 319
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14 Grou pin g Grouping,. 4. Grou p, (Factor). Grou pin g Grouping, Group. Grouping p * ij = p ij p ij q i q i. 1) i = 1 to 4 (1 =, 2 =, 3 =, 4 = ) 2) j = 1 to 37 (1 =, 2 =, 3 =,, 37 = ) 3) p * ij = j Groupi 4) p ij = j Groupi ( p 1j = T 1j T 1j, p 2j = T 2j T 2j, p 3j = T 3j T 3j, p 4j = T 4j T 4j ) 5) T ij = j Groupi ( ) 6) q i = (Groupi )
1 15 Grouping (53.70%)(32.44%)(10.01%)(3.85%).,, * kj = T j kj T kj kj = p kj p kj (, k 2, k = 1,3,4), ( p 2j = 2j ). 1) k = 1 to 4 (1 =, 2 =, 3 =, 4 = ) 2) j = 1 to 37 (1 =, 2 =, 3 =,, 37 = ) 3) * kj =j 4) kj = j () 5) T j = j ( ) 6) p kj = j 3). 37 26,393, 25,002, 21 51,354.
16 1-1 37 (1999 ) (: kg) 811,721 492,873 685,160 3,105,554 386,000 1,647,733 843,005 2,171,521 1,206,880 2,611,105 1,453,084 1,524,963 1,495,449 5,817,661 199,900 766,800 698,453 1,280,023 4,263,471 914,943 973,800 608,331 2,446,762 651,000 2,693,663 26,088 3,086,750 992,828 764,691 539,114 1,056,400 1,525,661 380,861 2,177,504 923,700 694,210 1,456,388 51,374,050 (70.52%)(11.27%)(9.69%) (8.52%). (94.15%), (24.38%). (1109.53%). (58.35%). (45.07%).
1 17 1-2 Grouping (: %) 54.55 34.61 7.11 3.73 100.00 59.84 29.03 6.80 4.34 100.00 54.76 34.21 8.16 2.86 100.00 65.49 23.68 6.89 3.93 100.00 42.63 42.79 8.75 5.83 100.00 75.50 14.73 4.94 4.84 100.00 55.41 31.24 9.52 3.82 100.00 59.46 22.42 13.79 4.33 100.00 32.38 51.82 11.16 4.63 100.00 33.64 45.86 15.16 5.33 100.00 43.37 36.81 15.45 4.37 100.00 42.70 39.60 13.46 4.24 100.00 66.68 20.97 9.19 3.15 100.00 55.50 30.58 11.62 2.30 100.00 45.52 36.60 14.62 3.26 100.00 47.90 33.29 15.12 3.69 100.00 54.93 33.50 8.51 3.06 100.00 53.01 37.44 6.53 3.02 100.00 56.17 26.89 13.58 3.36 100.00 64.28 26.79 5.77 3.16 100.00 47.43 40.17 6.85 5.55 100.00 31.62 31.65 30.45 6.28 100.00 64.86 21.55 10.51 3.08 100.00 93.63 4.61 0.34 1.43 100.00 49.40 32.42 13.83 4.34 100.00 36.48 42.98 13.69 6.84 100.00 45.93 34.15 14.81 5.11 100.00 46.24 38.80 11.19 3.77 100.00 59.89 23.73 12.44 3.94 100.00 44.02 40.19 11.72 4.07 100.00 58.98 27.68 9.32 4.02 100.00 40.60 45.00 10.19 4.22 100.00 50.32 34.77 11.72 3.19 100.00 48.27 33.76 14.85 3.13 100.00 44.32 41.62 8.48 5.58 100.00 87.69 6.59 3.21 2.52 100.00 52.83 33.99 9.83 3.35 100.00 53.70 32.44 10.01 3.85 100.00
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2 25 =, =, =, =, =, ==, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, == =,,, =,,,,,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =,,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, 236 =(), =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, = =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =,, =, =, =, =(), =, =, =, =,,,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, = 53 =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, = 95, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =(), =, =, =, =, =, =(), =, =,, =
26 =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =,,, =,, 91, =,, =,,,, =, =, =, =,, =, =,, =, =, =(), =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, = 122, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, = 79 (), =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =,, =, =, =, =
2 27 =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =,, =, =, =,,, =, =,,,, =, =, = (),,, =,,,, =, =, =, =,,,,,, =, =, 188 () =, =, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =, =(), =,, =, =, =,, =, =, =,, =, =,, =( ), =, =, =, =,, =, =, =,, =, =, =, =, =,, =, =,, =,, =, =, =, =, =, =,, =,,, =, =, =, =,,,
28, =, =,,,,, =, =,, =, =,,, =,, =, =,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, =, =, =, =,,, =, =, =, =,,,,,,,, =, =, =, =,,,,, =, =, =,, =,,,, =, =,, =, =,,, =, =, =,, =,, =,, =,,, =, = 156 =,,, 4, =, =, =,,,, =,, =,, =,,,,,, =,,,, =,,,,,,,,, =,,,,,,,,, = 55,,,,, =,, = 33 :,, 1993
2 29 2-3 514 () () () () () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () ( ) () ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () ( ) () ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( )
30 () () () () () () ( ) () () () ( ) () () () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) () () ( ) () () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) () () ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () () ( ) () () ( ) () ( ) ( ) () () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) () () () () () ( ) () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) () ( ) () () () () () ( ) () () () ( ) () ( ) () ( ) () () () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () ( ) ( )
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32 1.3 () () 514 600 (2-4). 2-4 130 (45) 384 514 418 54 36 6 : The 4th Annual KFDA International Symposium., 2000. 1.4, 20034,783, 20285,278, (65 ) 2005 8.7%, 20109.9%, 202013.2%, 203019.3% (2-5, 2-6, 2-7). 2-5 (65 ) 1996 1998 1999 2000 2005 20 10 20 15 2020 2030 (%) 6.09 6.57 6.84 7.13 8.66 9.94 11.31 13.18 19.27 : 2000,, 2000
2 33 2-6 (65 ) 1975 7.9 10.5 14.0 14.8 13.5 15.1 1985 10.3 11.8 15.1 14.6 13.0 17.9 1990 12.0 12.4 15.7 15.0 14.0 17.8 2000 7.1 17.2 12.5 16.0 16.4 15.9 17.4 2010 9.9 22.0 13.2 17.1 19.8 16.6 19.5 2020 13.2 26.9 16.6 19.8 21.6 20.1 23.1 2025 16.3 27.4 18.8 21.2 23.4 21.7 24.3 :, http://wwwdbtk.mhw.go.jp/ toukei/kihon/ indexp_1.html. 2001 2-7 65 7% 10% 14% 20% 710% 1014% 2000 2010 2020 2030 22 12 1970 1985 1994 2006 24 21 1945 1972 2014 2033 69 61 1865 1935 1979 2021 114 86 1930 1952 1972 2017 42 65 1930 1966 1989 2010 59 44 1890 1950 1972 2016 82 66 1930 1950 1976 2028 46 78 :, 2000 4/4, 2000.,,.
34 2-8,.,,,,..,,,. 902000 (2-8). () () (: kg) 1990 22,822,000 3,417,728 19,404,272 1991 25,646,000 5,788,125 19,857,875 1992 31,187,000 4,374,151 26,812,849 1993 37,393,000 2,742,300 34,650,700 1994 35,295,000 1,970,995 33,324,005 1995 41,980,000 13,584,077 13,584,077 1,406,925 54,157,152 1996 42,769,000 48,952,380 48,952,380 972,780 90,748,600 1997 39,492,000 55,474,791 55,474,791 858,663 94,108,128 1998 30,494,000 28,357,673 2,537,830 30,895,503 161,438 61,228,065 1999 29,504,000 30,799,710 9,376,923 40,176,633 117,576 69,563,057 2000 30,141,000 43,576,867 15,746,715 59,323,582 1,053,726 88,410,856 :,, (90, 95, 98 )
2 35 (2-9, 2-1). 2-9 () (kg) X Y 1990 42869,000 19,404,272 1991 43296,000 19,857,875 1992 43748,000 26,812,849 1993 44195,000 34,650,700 1994 44642,000 33,324,005 1995 45093,000 54,157,152 1996 45545,000 90,748,600 1997 45991,000 94,108,128 1998 46430,000 61,228,065 1999 46858,000 69,563,057 2000 47275,000 88,410,856 2-1
36 2000, 200520102015, 2005196,567, 2010325,031, 2015 460,015 (2-10). Y = 2E - 121 X 16. 775, R 2 = 0.8333 2-10 ()() X (kg) 1990 42869,000 20,017,233 1991 43296,000 23,638,033 1992 43748,000 28,136,780 1993 44195,000 33,368,411 1994 44642,000 39,504,935 1995 45093,000 46,760,914 1996 45545,000 55,277,169 1997 45991,000 65,093,951 1998 46430,000 76,339,976 1999 46858,000 89,043,459 2000 47275,000 103,311,632 2005 49123,000 196,567,347 2010 50618,000 325,031,422 2015 51677,000 460,015,673 200520102015 200520102015 Y' Y' (2-2).
2 37 2-2,, ().,. 21. 1.5.
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2 39.,,, 1677..,,,,. 1941., 6.25 ( ),. 1658(9) : ( ) (342 ) 1908(2) : ( ) 1941:
40 1982: () -, 4 143 33, 3174-8, 2 1988: () -, 3,, (12,180). 1988121. 20009 23 50, 79, 20, 100 350 (2-8).,. 2-11 2000 568 23 591 61 50 111 49 79 128 :, 2000
2 4 1 2).. 193211... 10112.,,,, 1,,...,.
42 3),, () ( : 13931895) 1960 70%, 199561. 400,..,,.... 2001 1,000, (2-12).
2 43 2-12 (1998) 98, 30, 271,,, 1,00088220, ( ) 220 400 :, http://illee.co.kr/ kd001.htm,, (2-13). 2-13 (%) 4070 1020 1020 1025 :,, 1998 1.6,.,..
44,.,..,.,. 9 150, 612 18.,,.. 1980, 15, 38. 1.7
2 45. 177 1999 70 3197,742, 45,000. 100.,,,, 9917,44520052 6, 201036 (2-14). 2-14 (: ) 1999 2005 20 10 12,000 18,000 25,000 3,500 5,500 7,500 430 1,000 1,500, 1,500 2,000 2,500 15 30 70 17,445 26,530 36,570 : 2. () 2. 1 () () (2-15).
46 2-15 () 34 2635 35 35 2, 3 3 3 :,, 1999 1999 40,3081994 3.9. 1994 7.7% 11,345 42.1%, 1998 2,028(5.0%). 26,935 (66.8%) (2-16). 200089, 2001120 209. 2-16 (: ) 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 10,445 10,995 35,329 35,629 37,178 40,308 8,179 8,714 9,299 9,289 9,914 11,345 2,296 2,244 2,222 2,217 2,065 2,028-37 23,808 24,123 25,199 26,935 :,, 2000
2 47 1).,. : : : :, : :34( ), 43( ) 2),, 69. : : : - : - : - - 2001. 1. 6 - : :,
48 :26( ),,,,,, 3). 30%, 37. : : : - :,,, - : 2 :352( ), 37( )54( ) ( ), (, ),, ( ),,,,,, ( ) 4)
2 49 ( 233) 35 2, 36, 37, 21, 48 52. : : : :35 2, 36, 37, 21, 48 52 ( 233) 5) (1995-15, 100). : (1995-15, 100) : : (1994.7.8) 2
50 2 :35 2, 36, 37, 21, 48 52 ( 233) 6) :, : : : 2 2, 21 7, 29, 37, 32 (2-17).
2 51 2-17 1. (97.3.6) ( ) 1 3 2. 1. ( ) 2. 1996. 2.. 3. 1996. 2,,. 5 2.,. 1 21 1 2 21 7.
52 (),,,, (50) 1..,,.. 2. 50 :., 1999 7) : : : - 1 2 9 - : 30
2 53 - : 30 - : -,,. - ( ) :,,,,,, : 2(), 3(), 5( ), 9() 222( ), 30( ) :, 1 2 : 8,377970 11.6%, 7.6 7,407(88.4%). 2,554(30.5%), (14.6%), (8.4%), 65(0.8%) (2-18).
54 2-18 2,223 331 2,554 669 36 705 542 46 588 314 30 344 135 80 215 282 53 335 157 13 170 1,072 148 1,220 217 52 269 202 19 221 246 9 255 268 70 338 171 23 194 380 39 419 466 19 485 63 2 65 7,407 970 8,377 :,, 2000 2.2 () 3, () 1999 2000 125(1.8%) 6,785, 13612(9.7%). 1999 67 (3.3%), 1999. 1998 199928(16.1%)
2 55. 19988231999829(0.7% ) 2000 8151999 14(1.7%), 1998 156, 1999147(5.7%) 200022.4% 180 (2-19). 2-19 () 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 69 (2,953) 5,553 (1,351) 69 (3,498) 5,928 (168) 81 (4,207) 6,172 (190) 98 (5,493) 6,648 (190) 115 (6,459) 124 (7,517) 6,520 6,910 (209) 136 (8,014) 6,785 2,106 2,025 2,028 1,961 16,886 17,639 18,854 18,854 175 173 201 666 684 784 815 823 829 815 175 183 163 156 156 147 180 ( ). :, 1) 2,062(30.2%), 956(14.0%), 642 (9.4%), 510(7.5%), 414(6.1%), 56 (0.8%).,, 3,303 48.3%. 1998 6,52019996,8344.8%.
56 29(22.7%), 14(10.9%), 13(10.2%), 1,948 (26.0%), 728(9.7%), 723(9.6%). 1998 6,45919997,49916.1%. 171.6%, 76.7%, 39.4%, 36.2%, 35.1%, 15.9%. 199954 1( 2-20). 2-20