아낫따락카나경 ( 무아의특징경 ) ( 무아의특징경 -Anatta-lakkhana Sutta- The Discourse on the Not-self Characteristic, 상윳따니까야 S22.59, 전재성박사역 ) Pañcavaggiya suttaṃ 한때세존께서바라나씨의이씨빠따나에있는미가다야에계셨다. 그때세존께서는다섯명의수행승들을부르셨다. 수행승들은 ' 세존이시여 ' 라고세존께대답했다. 세존께서는이와같이말씀하셨다. [ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 물질은내가아니다. 수행승들이여, 만약이물질이나라면이물질에질병이들수가없고이물질에대하여 ' 나의물질은이렇게되라. 나의물질은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수있을것이다. 수행승들이여, 물질은내가아니므로수행승들이여, 이물질이질병이들수가있고이물질에대하여 ' 나의물질은이렇게되라. 나의물질은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수없는것이다. 수행승들이여, 감수는내가아니다. 수행승들이여, 만약이감수가나라면이감수에질병이들수가없고이감수에대하여 ' 나의감수는이렇게되라. 나의감수는이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수있을것이다. 수행승들이여, 감수는내가아니므로수행승들이여, 이감수가질병이들수가있고이감수에대하여 ' 나의감수는이렇게되라. 나의감수는이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수없는것이다. 수행승들이여, 지각은내가아니다. 수행승들이여, 만약이지각이나라면이지각에질병이들수가없고이지각에대하여 ' 나의지각은이렇게되라. 나의지각은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수있을것이다. 수행승들이여, 지각은내가아니므로수행승들이여, 이지각이질병이들수가있고이지각에대하여 ' 나의지각은이렇게되라. 나의지각은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수없는것이다. 수행승들이여, 형성은내가아니다. 수행승들이여, 만약이형성이나라면이형성에질병이들수가없고이형성에대하여 ' 나의형성은이렇게되라. 나의형성은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수있을것이다. 수행승들이여, 형성은내가아니므로수행승들이여, 이형성이질병이들수가있고이형성에대하여 ' 나의형성은이렇게되라. 나의형성은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수없는것이다. 수행승들이여, 의식은내가아니다. 수행승들이여, 만약이의식이나라면이의식에질병이들수가없고이의식에대하여 ' 나의의식은이렇게되라. 나의의식은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수있을것이다. 수행승들이여, 의식은내가아니므로수행승들이여, 이의식이질병이들수가있고이의식에대하여 ' 나의의식은이렇게되라. 나의의식은이렇게되지말라 ' 라고말할수없는것이다." [ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 그대는어떻게생각하느냐? 물질은영원한가무상한가?" [ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 그대는어떻게생각하느냐? 감수는영원한가무상한가?"
[ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 그대는어떻게생각하느냐? 지각은영원한가무상한가?" [ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 그대는어떻게생각하느냐? 형성은영원한가무상한가?" [ 세존 ] " 수행승들이여, 그대는어떻게생각하느냐? 의식은영원한가무상한가?" [ 세존 ] " 그러므로수행승들이여, 어떠한물질이든과거에속하든미래에속하든현재에속하든내적이건외적이건거칠건미세하건저열하건탁월하건멀리있건가까이있건그모든물질은이와같이 그러므로수행승들이여, 어떠한감수이든과거에속하든미래에속하든현재에속하든내적이건외적이건거칠건미세하건저열하건탁월하건멀리있건가까이있건그모든감수는이와같이 그러므로수행승들이여, 어떠한지각이든과거에속하든미래에속하든현재에속하든내적이건외적이건거칠건미세하건저열하건탁월하건멀리있건가까이있건그모든지각은이와같이 그러므로수행승들이여, 어떠한형성이든과거에속하든미래에속하든현재에속하든내적이건외적이건거칠건미세하건저열하건탁월하건멀리있건가까이있건그모든형성은이와같이 그러므로수행승들이여, 어떠한의식이든과거에속하든미래에속하든현재에속하든내적이건외적이건거칠건미세하건저열하건탁월하건멀리있건가까이있건그모든의식은이와같이 수행승들이여, 이와같이보고잘배운고귀한제자는물질에서도싫어하여떠나고감수에서도싫어하여떠나고지각에서도싫어하여떠나고형성에서도싫어하여떠나고의식에서도싫어하여떠나며, 싫어하여떠나서사라지고사라져서해탈한다. 해탈하면 ' 나는해탈했다 ' 는지혜가생겨나서 ' 태어남은부서지고청정한삶은이루어졌다. 해야할일을다마치고더이상윤회하지않는다 ' 라고그는분명히안다." 세존께서이와같이말씀하시자다섯명의수행승들은세존께서말씀하신바에환희하여기뻐했다. 그리고이러한설법이행해지는동안에다섯명의수행승들의마음은집착없이번뇌에서해탈했
다. 註. - 다섯비구 : 소위오비구 ( 五比丘 ), annata kondanna, vappa, bhaddiya, mahanama, assaji 를말한다. 이대화는초전법륜경과관계가있다. 빠알리어 Pañcavaggiya suttaṃ 59. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi, "bhikkhavo'ti. 'Bhadante'ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ, bhagavā etadavoca: [BJT Page 116] [\x 116/] Rūpaṃ bhikkhave, anattā, rūpañca hidaṃ bhikkhave, attā abhavissa nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca rūpe evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu, evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī'ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave, rūpaṃ anattā, tasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati. Na ca labbhati rūpe "evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu, evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī"ti. Vedanā bhikkhave, anattā, vedanañca hidaṃ bhikkhave, attā abhavissa nayidaṃ vedanaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha [PTS Page 067] [\q 6/] ca vedanā "evaṃ me vedanā hotu, evaṃ me vedanaṃ mā ahosī'ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave, vedanaṃ anattā, tasmā vedanaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati. Na ca labbhati vedanā "evaṃ me vedanaṃ hotu, evaṃ me vedanaṃ mā ahosī"ti. Saññā bhikkhave, anattā, saññañca hidaṃ bhikkhave, attā abhavissa nayidaṃ saññaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca saññā "evaṃ me saññā hotu, evaṃ me saññaṃ mā ahosī'ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave, saññaṃ anattā, tasmā saññaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati. Na ca labbhati saññe "evaṃ me saññā hotu, evaṃ me saññaṃ mā ahosī"ti. Saṃkhārā bhikkhave, anattā, saṃkhārañca hidaṃ bhikkhave, attā abhavissa nayidaṃ saṃkhāraṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca saṃkhārā "evaṃ me saṃkhāraṃ hotu, evaṃ me saṃkhāraṃ mā ahosī'ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave, saṃkhāraṃ anattā, tasmā saṃkhāraṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati. Na ca labbhati saṃkhāre "evaṃ me saṃkhāraṃ hotu, evaṃ me saṃkhāraṃ mā ahosī"ti. Viññāṇaṃ bhikkhave, anattā, viññāṇañca hidaṃ bhikkhave, attā abhavissa nayidaṃ viññāṇaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca viññāṇe "evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ hotu, evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ mā ahosī'ti. Yasmā ca kho bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ anattā, tasmā viññāṇaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati. Na ca labbhati viññāṇe "evamme viññāṇaṃ hotu, evamme viññāṇaṃ mā ahosī"ti. Taṃ kimmaññatha bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā'ti?
Aniccaṃ bhante. Vedanā niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā ti? Aniccaṃ bhante. Saññā niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā ti? Aniccaṃ bhante. Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ,kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ Saṅkhārā niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā'ti? Aniccaṃ bhante. 'etaṃ mama, eso,hamasmi, eso me attā'ti? No hetaṃ bhante. Viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā ti? Aniccaṃ bhante. Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā'ti? [PTS Page 068] [\q 68/] Dukkhaṃ bhante. Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ, Tasmā tiha bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā, oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā, hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ, netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi. Na me so attā'ti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ Yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, yaṃ dūre santike vā sabbaṃ vedanaṃ 'netaṃ mama, neso'hamasmi, na me so attā'ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ Yā kāci saññā atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, yaṃ dūre santike vā sabbaṃ saññaṃ 'netaṃ mama, neso'hamasmi, na meso attā'ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
Ye keci saṃkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, yaṃ dūre santike vā sabbaṃ saṃkhāraṃ 'netaṃ mama, neso'hamasmi, na me so attā'ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ Yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ, ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, yaṃ dūre santike vā sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ 'netaṃ mama, neso'hamasmi, na me so attā'ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ [BJT Page 118] [\x 118/] Evaṃ passaṃ bhikkhave sutvā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati. Vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāya'pi nibbindati, saṃkhāresu'pi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccatī, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti: 'khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī'ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsūti. (SN III_utf8, 1. 2. 1. 7, Pañcavaggiya suttaṃ)