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ISSN(Print) 29-0033 ISSN(Online) 223-03X http://dx.doi.org/.57/tcf.15.27..2 Textile Coloration and Finishing Vol.27,No. 연구논문 ( 학술 ) 군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 1 이정순 2, 국방기술품질원, 1 KOTITI 시험연구원, 2 충남대학교의류학과 A Study on the Improved Lightfastness Test Method for Military Textile Products Seongdon Hong, Byoungsoon Kim, Youngmin Jeon 1 and Jung-Soon Lee 2, Defence Agency for Technology and Quality, Seoul, Korea 1 KOTITI Testing and Research Institute, Seongnam, Korea 2 Department of Clothing and Textiles, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (Received: August 11, 15 / Revised: September 1, 15 / Accepted: November, 15) Abstract: This study was executed to substitute Carbon-arc method, which is a method currently used for testing light-fastness of military textile products, with Xenon arc method. Specimens used in the study were classified according to the fabric material and color of military textile products and were composed of 11 items of 2 kinds with different colors. Light-fatness test was done by comparing the result of Carbon-arc(KS K 0700) and Xenon arc(ks K ISO 5-B02) method. In Xenon arc method, blue wool reference materials of 1 was used, and exposure condition preferred in American continent and light exposure method 3 were applied. After testing with both methods, grade of light-fastness, color difference, reflectance and color were examined. Even though there was a slight difference among 2 specimens used in the test, results exceeded the quality standard both in Carbon-arc-lamp and Xenon arc-lamp. Therefore, it was confirmed that applying KS K ISO 5-B02 together in the KS K 0700-regulated Ministry of National Defense standard and purchase order would also fit. Keywords: military textile products, light-fastness, carbon-arc-lamp, xenon-arc-lamp, KS K ISO 5-B02 1. 서론 신축성, 보온성, 통기성, 흡습성, 취급및관리용이성등과같은일반적인의복재료의특성이외에군복은훈련및전시상황을고려한충격에대한방호성, 위장성, 내구성등이중요한요소로작용된다 1,2). 일반적으로의복의내구성은의복을얼마나오래사용할수있는지를결정하는옷의수명을나타내는성질로의복재료의강도가크면의복의내구성이우수하게되는데, 의복재료의강도는원료섬유와옷감의특성에의해결정되나사용중접하게되는여러가지외부환경에영향을받게된다. 여러가지외부환경중자연환경에장시간노출되면일광, 공기, 수분등의작용을받아점차약해지며, Corresponding author: Jung-Soon Lee (jungsoon@cnu.ac.kr) c 15 The Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers. All rights reserved. TCF 27-/15-/2-300 특히일광중의자외선에의해강도가감소하게된다 3). 군용섬유제품은운용환경이직사광선의노출이많고, 세탁후에도직사광선하에서건조되기때문에우리군의군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도는특히높은수준으로요구되고있다. 우리군의군복은 19년정부수립과함께대한민국국군으로미군작업복을모방한형태의군복을시작으로제2차세계대전당시미군의착용하던미육군용전투복과정글용전투복, 미해병대와해군용전투복등을개조한군복을착용하다단색전투복, 도색의얼룩무늬전투복을거쳐현재는 11년부터보급되기시작한 5도색의디지털신형전투복을착용하고있다 ). 신형전투복은과거얼룩무늬전투복에비해다양한기능이추가되었으며, 특히생존성을위해주간및야간의위장성능이대폭강화되었다. 이러한위장성능은반복착용에따른장시간옥외노출에도유지가되어야하므로이를검토하기위한평가방법의개발이필요하다 5). 2

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 29 일광견뢰도는자연광 ) 보다는인공광을이용하여진행되는데, 인공광원으로는카본아크램프 7) 와크세논아크램프 ) 계열이주로사용된다. 이중카본아크램프는 Figure 1과같이 UV 영역에서특정파장의세기가커서동일영역의파장에취약한유기물의분해를촉진하는작용을하게된다 9-). 이러한이유로과거에는짧은시간에결과를얻기위해카본아크계열의램프를이용한가속시험이선호되었으나, 최근에는실험결과의신뢰성이요구되면서 Figure 2와같이태양광과유사한파장의크세논아크램프사용이선호되고있다 9,13-15). 그러나현재까지군용섬유제품의관련규격은대부분 KS K 0700 카본아크법을적용하고있어, 상대적으로일광견뢰도에대한신뢰성확보차원의검토가필요하다. 또한카본아크램프의사용감소에따라서제조업체의공급제한도예상되어이를대비한보완이시급한실정이다. 따라서본연구에서는군용섬유제품의일광시험 법에대한신뢰성확보및램프수급곤란에따른추후애로사항을예방하고자현재적용되는카본아크램프를크세논아크램프로대체하기위한연구를진행하였다. 이를위해군용섬유제품대표적인소재를이용하여 KS K 0700에의한카본아크법과 KS K ISO 5-B02 에의한크세논아크법으로동시에일광견뢰도를측정하고그결과를비교함으로써 KS K ISO 5-B02 시험방법으로의전환방법을제시하고자하였다. 2.1 시료의선정 2. 실험 일광견뢰도시험결과는섬유및염료의종류, 농도 ( 색상 ) 등에따라서달라질수있으므로 1) 이를고려하여군용섬유제품을소재에따라분류하고, 이를다시색상으로구분하여필요한시료를 Table 1 과같이 11개품목으로설계하였다. 11개품목중디지털무늬원단으로된품목의경우 Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal의 5도색을적용하였고, 군별색상이상이한정복류 (Ceremonial dress) 는육군동정복 (Green), 육군하정복 (Grey, Green), 해군 해병동정복 (Black, Green, Khaki), 해군 해병하정복 (Green, Khaki), 공군하정복 (Dark blue, Sky-blue) 으로, 스웨터는육군 (Bluish Green), 공군 (Bluish Violet), 해군 (Black), 해병 (Green) 으로구분하였고, 군별소재와색상이상이한운동복은육군 (Light grey, Dark grey), 해군 (Dark blue), 해병 (Red) 으로구분하여모두 2종류시료를선정하였다. Figure 1. Spectrum of enclosed carbon arc lamp and sunlight ). 2.2 일광견뢰도시험 2.2.1 카본아크램프법 KS K 0700에의한카본아크법 7) 에의해일광견뢰도시험을하였다. 2.2.2 크세논아크램프법 Figure 2. Spectrum of xenon arc lamp with boro/boro filter and sunlight ). 크세논아크램프를이용한일광견뢰도시험방법 (KS K ISO 5-B02) ) 은 ISO와부합되면서카본아크시험방법과달리표준청색염포의종류, 노출조건, 조광법등이다양하게제시되어있다. 그래서시험의신뢰성확보및추후규격화추진을위해 KS K 0700 과최대한유사하도록설계하는것이필요하므로 Table 2와같이일광견뢰도시험방법을선정하였다. 한편시료의노출시간은크세논아크램프와카본아크램프간의차이가발생될경우이를보완하기위해품질 Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

290 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 Table 1. List of items for colorfastness test to light No. Items Contents Colors 1 New combat uniform (-season) PET/Cotton Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal 2 Winter clothes PET/Rayon Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal 3 Flying suit Aramid Khaki Ceremonial dress Wool/PET Green, Grey, Black, Khaki, Bluish Violet, Sky-blue 5 Digital pattern inner wear Cotton Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal PET Light grey, Dark blue Sport wear PET/Spandex Nylon Dark grey Red 7 Sweater Wool/Acryl Bluish Green, Bluish Violet, Black, Green Raincoat Nylon 9 Camouflage cover PET Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal Beige Grey, Dark Olive Green, Forest Green, Chocolate, Charcoal Beret Wool/Nylon Dark Green 11 Shelter Cotton Khaki Table 2. Test method for color fastness to light with xenon arc lamp Selection Details Blue wool reference materials 1 to Blue wool reference materials range from 1(very low colour fastness to light) to (very high colour fastness to light) so that each higher-numbered reference is approximately twice as fast as the proceeding one Exposure conditions Preferred in american continent Black panel temperature : 0±1 Relative humidity : 30±5% Effective humidity : Low (Color fastness of Humidity-test-control : L to L7) Light exposure method Method 3 Expose until the contrast between the unexposed and exposed portion of the blue wool reference is equal to grey grade and grade 3 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 291 Table 3. Test condition of sample for colorfastness test to light Item Contents Color Standard Exposure level level 3 5 1 Beige Grey 2 Dark Olive Green 5 New combat 3 PET/Cotton Forest Green 5 uniform(-season) Chocolate 5 5 Charcoal 5 Beige Grey 7 Dark Olive Green 5 Winter clothes PET/Rayon Forest Green 5 9 Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 11 Flying suit Aramid Khaki 5 Army(Winter) Wool/PET Green 5 13 Grey 3 Wool/PET 1 Army(Summer) Green 15 Black 5 1 Wool/PET Green 5 Navy Marine(Winter) 17 Khaki 1 Green Wool/PET 19 Navy Marine(Summer) Khaki 3 Dark blue Wool/PET 21 Air force(summer) Sky-blue 3 Beige Grey 5 Dark Olive Green 5 Digital pattern 22 Cotton Forest Green 5 Inner wear Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 23 PET Light grey Sport wear, Army 2 PET/Spandex Dark grey 25 Sport wear, Navy PET Dark blue 2 Sport wear, Marine Nylon Red 27 Sweater, Army Bluish Green 2 Sweater, Air force Bluish Violet Wool/Acryl 29 Sweater, Navy Black 30 Sweater, Marine Green 31 Beige Grey 32 Dark Olive Green 33 Raincoat Nylon Forest Green 3 Chocolate 35 Charcoal 5 3 Beige Grey 37 Dark Olive Green 3 Camouflage cove Nylon Forest Green 39 Chocolate 5 0 Charcoal 5 1 Beret Wool/Nylon Dark Green 2 Shelter Cotton Khaki 5 Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

292 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 요구수준보다한단계높은조건및낮은조건을병행하여진행하였다. 즉일광견뢰도요구수준이 5급일때조광시간은 0시간인데한단계낮은 등급 ( 시간노출 ) 과한단계높은 등급 (0시간) 을추가로시험하여상호간결과를비교한것이다. Table 3에시료별품질기준및노출수준의실험내용을정리하였다. 2. 일광견뢰도평가 시험편의변퇴색정도를 D5 광원하에서변퇴색용표준회색색표 17) 를이용하여표준청색염포의변퇴색정도와비교하여등급을판정하였다. 2.5 표면반사율및색측정 반사율측정은 X-rite사의 7000A를이용하여 00 700nm의가시광선영역에서측정하고, 표준광원은 D5 광원, 시야각은 o 로하여측정하였다. 색측정은측정된반사율값으로부터 X, Y, Z 3자극값을계산하고 CIELAB L *, a *, b * 를구하였다. 2. 색차의측정 일광견뢰도의판정은육안으로진행되지만이경우퇴색에대한변화를정량적으로확인하기어렵다. 본연구에서는측색기를통한색차를측정하여결과를비교하였다. 표준광원으로는 D5를사용하였으며, 색차식을적용하기위한시야각은 시야를적용하였다. 이때색차식은섬유분야에가장많이적용되는 1) 아래의 CMC(2:1) 식 (1) 을적용하여계산하였다. ΔE cmc(l : c)= [(ΔL * /ls L) 2 +(ΔC * ab/csc) 2 +(ΔH * ab /S H) 2 ] 1/2...(1) where, ls L, cs C and S H : the ellipsoid semi-axes S L=0.00975L * R/(1+0.0175L * R) if L * R 1 or S L=0.511 if L * R<1 S C=[0.03C * ab,r/(1+0.013c * ab,r)]+0.3 S H=(FT+1-F)S c where, F={(C * ab,r) /[(C * ab,r) =1900]} 1/2 T=0.3+ 0.cos(35+h ab,r) if h ab,r 35 or h ab,r 1 or T=0.5+ 0.2cos(1+h ab,r) if 1 <h ab,r<35 3. 결과및고찰 3.1 신형전투복 신형전투복은 도색얼룩무늬를 5도색디지털무늬로전환하여주간위장성능이강화되었는데, 이는과거얼룩무늬개발당시와현저하게바뀐자연환경이계기가되어, 지형적특성및기후적특성을고려한것으로써흙색, 활엽수색, 침엽수색, 나무줄기색, 목탄색의색상이적용된것이다. 소재는폴리에스터 / 면혼방을선정하되과거와달리잠재권축사를위사방향에삽입함으로써신축성을보강하였고, 항균방취나흡한속건성능을부여함으로써기능적인측면에서도개선이진행되었다. 이렇게개발된신형전투복의색상은위장성능과직결되므로일광에의한변퇴색이단순히품질관리의수준을넘어전투원의생존까지보장하는중요한요소가되는것이다. 본연구에서는사계절용신형전투복의일광견뢰도실험을우선적으로진행하였다. 사계절용디지털무늬원단의일광견뢰도시험결과는 Table 에나타내었다. Table 에서보면사계절용디지털무늬원단의일광견뢰도는색상과광원에관계없이기준보다 1등급높게나타났다. 이를통해현재군에공급되고있는원단의일광견뢰도가매우우수하다는것을알수있었으며, 무엇보다도두가지광원에서모두동일한결과를나타내었기때문에시험법의전환과정에서광원에따른등급의변화없이적용이가능한것을확인할수있었다. 색상의변화를더자세히확인하기위해각각의색상에서최고등급으로노출된시료의색차를표준색상대비측정하고이를 Table 5에정리하였다. Table. Test result of colorfastness to light of digital pattern fabric for combat uniform Colorfastness to light Color Level Carbon arc Xenon arc Beige Grey 5 5 Dark Olive Green 5 Forest Green 5 Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 293 Table 5. Color difference after colorfastness test to light of digital pattern fabric for combat uniform Color Carbon arc Xenon arc ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * Beige Grey 0.9 1. 0.3-0.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.1 Dark Olive Green 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.3 0. -0. 0.1-0.1 Forest Green 0. 0. 0.2 0.2 0. 1.0 0.2 0.2 Chocolate 0. 0.7 0.3 0 0. -0. 0.3-0.1 Charcoal 0. 0.7 0.2-0.2 0.5 0.7 0-0.1 Table 5에서보면 ΔE가색상에관계없이 1 이하의값을나타내어조광후에도색상의변화가크지않았다는것을알수있었다. 다만, 명도 (ΔL) 는카본아크가상대적으로다소높게나타나는것으로보아카본아크램프에서조광된시료의퇴색이다소심한것을확인할수있었다. 그러나육안판별시명도는색상에비해덜민감한것으로알려져있고, 색상차 (Δa *, Δb * ) 가광원에관계없이 0.3으로낮아사람이인지하는색상차는거의없을것으로판단되었다. 따라서사계절용디지털무늬원단의일광견뢰도는광원에관계없이동일한등급과유사한색차를나타내고있으므로, 광원의변경에따른등급조정은필요없어, KS K ISO 5-B02로의적용은가능한것으로판단되었다. 색상의전반적인변화를확인하기위해시료의반사율을조광시간에따라 Figure 3에정리하였다. Figure 3을살펴보면색상과광원에관계없이유사한반사율곡선을나타내고있다. Beige Grey 색상은조광시간이적음에도불구하고다른색상에비해카본아크램프의조사후반사율의변화가상대적으로심하였는데, 이는 Beige Grey 색상의염료가다른색에비하여카본아크램프의짧은파장의 UV 특정영역에취약하다는것을나타낸다. 카본아크램프의 UV spectral power distribution을살펴보면두개의매우큰에너지피크가있고 350nm 이하에서는작은에너지분포를보인다. 짧은 UV 단파장에의해손상이크므로밀폐된카본아크램프시험은대부분의소재에대해서시험속도를느리게해야하며짧은 UV 단파장에민감한소재에대해서는신뢰성있는결과를얻을수없다고알려져있다 9). 그러나 Forest Green 색상은미세한차이지만카본아크에비해크세논아크램프의반사율변화가더심하게나타났다. 이는앞서설명한것과같이과거카본 아크광원이크세논아크광원에비해 UV영역에서에너지양이높아염료분해를촉진시켜일광견뢰도가더저하된다는사실과는다른결과이다. 이러한결과는일광견뢰도가단순히광원의세기에만의존하는것이아니라염료의집합상태, 염료농도및종류, 화학구조, 염료와섬유간의결합력과같이염료에특성에따른영향에있으며, 섬유의종류나염 / 가공공정에서사용된첨가제등에의해서도영향을받기때문이다 19,). 3.2 방한복상의외피방한복상의외피는야전상의로알려져있는데, 폴리에스터와레이온의혼방직물에폴리우레탄필름을라미네이팅하여투습방수성능을부여한기능성외의류이다. 개인지급품목으로피복 / 장구류가운데는전투복다음으로많이사용되며, 실제전투상황에서도착용하는품목이므로, 일광견뢰도는전투복과같이매우중요하다할수있다. 방한복상의외피는 년도얼룩무늬형태에서개선되어보급되었는데, 색상은신형전투복과같이디지털무늬 5도색을적용하였다. 날염이후라미네이팅과정이추가되는데, 이때열이력에따른최종제품의일광견뢰도가변화될수있어이를확인해보았다. 방한복상의외피원단의일광견뢰도시험결과는 Table 에색상의변화는 Table 7에정리하였다. Table 에서보면신형전투복원단과같이색상과광원에관계없이제시된기준보다한등급높게나타나는것을알수있었다. 두가지광원에서모두동일한결과를나타내었기때문에사계절과마찬가지로광원에따른등급의변화를고려하지않아도되므로, KS K ISO 5-B02로의적용은가능하다할수있다. Table 7을보면 ΔE가색상에관계없이 0.이하의값을나타내어전투복과마찬가지로색상의변화가크지않았다고볼수있다. Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

29 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 0 35 30 25 carbon level 3 xenon level 3 1 carbon level xenon level 15 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (a) Beige Grey 2 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (b) Dark Olive Green 1 1 1 carbon level xenon level 1 1 1 carbon level xenon level 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (c) Forest Green 2 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (d) Chocolate carbon level xenon level 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (e) Charcoal Figure 3. Changes in reflectance of combat uniform for -season with various exposure times. Table. Colorfastness test result to light of digital pattern fabric for winter clothes Color Level Colorfastness to light Carbon arc Xenon arc Beige Grey 5 5 Dark Olive Green 5 Forest Green 5 Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 295 0 35 30 25 carbon level 3 xenon level 3 1 carbon level xenon level 15 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (a) Beige Grey 2 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (b) Dark Olive Green 1 1 1 carbon level xenon level 1 1 1 carbon level xenon level 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (c) Forest Green 2 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (d) Chocolate carbon level xenon level 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 (e) Charcoal Figure. Changes in reflectance of winter clothes with various exposure times. Table 7. Color difference after colorfastness test to light of digital pattern fabric for winter clothes Color Carbon arc Xenon arc ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * Beige Grey 0. 0.5 0.2-0.2 0.3 0. 0-0.1 Dark Olive Green 0. -0.2 0.2-0.5 0.3 0. 0-0.2 Forest Green 0. 0.5 0.3-0. 0.5 0 0.1-0. Chocolate 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.7-0.1-0.3-0. Charcoal 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0. 0. 0.1 0. Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

29 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 실제로육안판정을할경우에도색상의변화를거의확인할수없었다. 다만색상측면에서는노란색이다소감소하는현상이나타나는것을알수있었다. Figure 는색상의전반적인변화를확인하기위해시료의반사율을확인한결과를나타낸것이다. Figure 를보면모든파장영역에서크세논아크램프로조사한시료의표면반사율이카본아크램프로조사한시료보다대체로크게나타나크세논아크램프로조사한시료가카본아크램프로조사한것보다퇴색이더된것을알수있다. 특히 Charcoal 색상에서원포와비교하여카본아크램프로조사한것보다크세논아크램프로조사한시료의반사율값이크게증가하여카본아크램프보다크세논아크램프조사에의한영향이크게나타났다. 따라서카본아크램프에의한영향이크세논에비해크지않다는것을다시확인할수있었다. 3.3 비행복비행복은항공기조종사가착용하는피복으로화재시에도원활한탈출을위해난연성이요구되고있다. 이를위해범용섬유의사용은불가능하고난연성이있는아라미드섬유가주로사용되고있다. 비행복원단의일광견뢰도시험결과는 Table 과같다. 일광견뢰도는 5급이상수준으로, 되어있는데시험결과카본아크램프일경우에는 5-급수준을보이며, 크세논아크램프일경우에는 급수준의우수한일광견뢰도를나타내었다. Table 9의색차측정결과를보면광원에관계없이명도가다소감소하였고, 특히색상이노랗게변색되는것을확인할수있었다. 또한개선비행복의광원별시험등급에따른반사율을측정한 Table. Colorfastness test result to light of digital pattern fabric for fight uniform Colorfastness to light Color Level Carbon arc Xenon arc Khaki 3 5-15 5 carbon level xenon level 0 00 50 500 550 00 50 700 Figure 5. Changes in reflectance of flight uniform with various exposure times. 결과인 Figure 5를보면전체적인값의증감보다는 00 50nm 부근의반사율감소와 50 700nm 부근의반사율증가가눈에띄게보여, Yellow계통또는 Red 계통의염료에서변색이진행되는것을짐작할수있었다. 광원에관계없이모두 5급이상의결과를얻어시험법의전환은가능한것으로판단되었다. 또한비행복의위장성강화를위해다양한연구가진행되고있는데, 가장대표적인것으로미군의 Defender M이다 21). 이는난연성을확보하면서도염색이가능하기위해아라미드섬유와 FR 레이온, 나일론등을혼방한것이다. 따라서원착사를사용하고있는기존의비행복과는염료등의차이가발생할수있으므로, 추후개발시에는 KS K 0700 및 KS K ISO 5-B02의두가지일광견뢰도시험방법을동시에고려하여개발하는것이타당하다. 3. 기타품목 Table 3에서제시한것과같이전투복, 방한복상의외피, 비행복등 11품목외에도재질및색상등에따라서 2종류의시료에대한일광견뢰도비교시험하여그결과를 Table 에정리하였다. 카본아크램프법과크세논아크램프법에의한두종류시험의결과는동일하게나타났으며소재나 Table 9. Color difference after colorfastness test to light of digital pattern fabric for fight uniform Color Carbon arc Xenon arc ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * Khaki 2.1-0.2 0. 1.7 1.7-0. 0.5 1. 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 297 Table. Colorfastness test result to light of other military products Colorfastness to light Item Color Level Carbon arc Xenon arc Army(Winter) Green 5 Army(Summer) Army(Summer) Navyl Marine(Winter) Navyl Marine(Summer) Air force(summer) Grey 3 5 5 Green 5 5 Black 5 Green 5 Khaki 5 5 Green 5 5 Khaki 3 5 5 Dark blue 5 5 Sky-blue 3 5 5 Beige Grey 5 Dark Olive Green 5 Inner wear Forest Green 5 Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 Light grey 5 5 Sport wear Dark grey 5 5 Red 5 5 Dark blue 5 5 Bluish Green 5 5 Sweater Bluish Violet 5 5 Black 5 5 Green 5 5 Beige Grey 5 5 Dark Olive Green 5 5 Raincoat Forest Green 5 5 Chocolate 5 5 Charcoal Beige Grey 5 5 Dark Olive Green 5 5 Camouflage cover Forest Green 5 5 Chocolate 5 Charcoal 5 Beret Dark Green 5 5 Shelter Khaki 5 5- Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

29 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 Table 11. Color difference after colorfastness test to light of other military products Item Army(Winter) Army(Summer) Army(Summer) Navy Marine(Winter) Navy Marine(Summer) Air force(summer) Inner wear Sport wear Sweater Raincoat Color Colorfastness to light Carbon arc Xenon arc ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * ΔE ΔL * Δa * Δb * Green 0. 0.7 0.3-0.2 0.5 0. 0.1-0.1 Grey 1.7 0.5 0. -1.1 1. 0.3 0.1-1.1 Green 0.3 0. -0.2 0.1 0.3 0. -0.1 0.1 Black 0.1-0.1 0 0.1 0.3 0.2-0.1 0 Green 0.5 0.2 0. -0.2 0. 0.5 0.1 0 Khaki 0. 0. 0.2-0. 0. 0.3-0.1-0. Khaki 1.1 1.0-0.1-1.2 0. 0.2-0.2-1.0 Green 0.3 0. 0-0.1 0. 0.9-0.1 0.5 Dark blue 0.3 0.3-0.1 0 0. 0.2-0.3 0. Sky-blue 0.9 0.7 0. -0. 1.0 0.5 0. -1.0 Beige Grey 0. -0.3 0-0. 0. -0. 0-0. Dark Olive Green 0. -0.3 0 0.2 0.2 0 0.1 0.1 Forest Green 0.3-0.5 0-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.1-0.1 Chocolate 0.5 0.5 0-0.3 0.3 0.3-0.2-0.2 Charcoal 0. 0.9-0. 0.1 1.0 0. -0. -0.1 Light grey 0. 0.5 0.1-0. 0. 0.2 0.1-0. Dark grey 0. 0. 0.2-0. 0.5 0. 0.1-0.3 Red 0.7-0.3-0. -1.2 0.9-0. -0.9-1. Dark blue 0.3 0.2 0.2-0.1 0.5 0. 0-0.1 Bluish Green 0.5 0.5 0-0.1 0.5 0.5 0 0.1 Bluish Violet 0.7 0. 0.2-0.2 0. 0.7-0.1 0.2 Black 0.5-0.5 0.1-0.1 0.3-0.2 0-0.1 Green 1. -1.7 0.2-0. 1.0 1.2 0.2 0.3 Beige Grey 0.5 0.2-0.3-0.5 0.7 0. -0. -0.1 Dark Olive Green 0.2 0.2 0-0.1 0. -0.3 0.1-0.2 Forest Green 0.5-0.1-0.1-0.5 0. 0.2 0-0. Chocolate 0.1 0 0 0 0. -0.3 0.1-0.2 Charcoal 0. 0.5 0-0.2 0.1 0 0 0 Beige Grey 1.7-0.3 0.1-1.2 1.3 0.1 0-1.1 Dark Olive Green 0.5 0.3 0-0. 0. 0.3-0.5-0.7 Camouflage cover Forest Green 0. 1.3 0.3 0 0.2 0. 0 0 Chocolate 0.9 0.9 0-0. 0.9 1.0-0. -0. Charcoal 1.2 0.3 0.5-0. 1.0 1.0 0-0. Beret Dark Green 0. 0.3 0 0.2 0. 0.1 0.1-0.1 Shelter Khaki 0. 0.3 0 0.2 0. 0.1 0.1-0.1 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호

군용섬유제품의일광견뢰도시험방법개선에대한연구 299 색상에관계없이기준을상회하는견뢰도가측정되었다. 색차에대한결과는 Table 11에나타내었다. 육군동정복 (Green) 을비롯한 15종류는카본아크램프법으로시험한경우색차가크게나타났고, 해군 해병동정복 (Black) 을비롯한 종류는크세논아크램프법으로시험한경우색차가크게나타났으며, 육군하정복 (Green) 을비롯한 종류는동일한결과를보여광원의종류가광조사후색상의변화에큰영향을주지않는것을알수있었다. 이밖에도조광시간에따른반사율의변화에있어서도전투복, 방한복상의외피, 비행복의결과와같이조사시간에따라서반사율이증가하여퇴색되는현상을확인할수있었으나광원에따른반사율값의변화에는큰차이를나타내지않았다. 따라서광원에따른품질기준의조정없이광원만변경하여시험을진행하는것이타당한것으로판단되었다.. 결론 일광견뢰도를평가하는방법으로과거에많이사용된 KS K 0700은최근 KS K ISO 5-B02로대체되고있는실정이다. 본연구에서는군용섬유제품의일광시험법에대한신뢰성확보및램프수급곤란에따른추후애로사항을예방하고자현재적용되는카본아크램프를크세논아크램프로대체하기위한연구를진행하였다. 다만국방규격및구매요구서에는단순히시험방법만명시된것이아니고품질기준이동시에제시되어있으므로여러섬유제품의비교시험을통해시험법의전환을제안하고자하였다. 연구에사용된시료는군용섬유제품을소재와색상으로분류하여 11개품목의 2종류로구성되었다. 일광견뢰도시험은카본아크법 (KS K 0700) 과크세논아크법 (KS K ISO 5-B02) 을시험하여비교하였다. 크세논아크법은 1 의표준청색염포를사용하고미주지역선호노출조건과방법 3의조광법을준용하여진행하였다. 시험후일광견뢰도등급, 색차, 표면반사율및색상의변화를살펴보았다. 시험에사용된 2종류의시료에있어서약간의차이는있으나, 카본아크램프및크세논아크램프광원에서품질기준을상회하는수준의결과를얻을수있었다. 다만카본아크램프에의한일광견뢰도가크세논아크램프에의한견 뢰도보다낮다는것과달리소재또는색상에따라서는크세논아크램프에의한색상변화가조금더심한경우도있었다. 따라서두인공광원간의상관관계를밝히는것에는무리가있었으나, 현재의품질기준에서광원의전환에는문제가없을것으로판단되었다. 이상에서언급한바와같이두광원의일광견뢰도시험결과에서는품질기준을상회하는일광견뢰도를얻어섬유분야 KS 규격의개정동향과마찬가지로 KS K 0700으로규제된국방규격및구매요구서등에 KS K ISO 5-B02 를함께적용하여도큰무리는없을것으로확인되었다. References 1. Y. Jeong, S. Moon, J. S. Kang, H. K. Seo, and H. B. Park, A Study on Processes and Performance Evaluation for IR Camouflage Printed Selectively Permeable Membrane Fabrics, Textile Coloration and Finishing, 2(1), 13(1). 2. T. G. Kim and H. H. Cho, The Influence of Wearing Army Combat Uniform on the Thermal Responses in Heat Environment, Fashion and Text. Res. J., 1(1), 17(1). 3. S. R. Kim, Textiles, Kyomunsa, Paju, pp.-9,.. Y. Park, Camouflage of Combat Uniform and Set of Reflectance Standard, Fiber Technology and Industry, 17(), 235(13). 5. B. Kim, S. Hong, and Y. Park, A Study on Reliability of Color-Fastness to Light of the New Combat Uniforms(digital pattern), Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Spring Conference, Seoul, Vol.1, p., 13.. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K ISO 5-B01, Textiles-Tests for Colour Fastness to Light: Daylight, 1. 7. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K 0700, Test Method for Color Fastness to Light: Carbon Arc Method, 1.. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K ISO 5-B02, Textiles-Tests for Colour Fastness- Part B02: Colour Fastness to Artificial Light: Xenon arc Fading Lamp Test,. 9. P. Brennan and C. Fedor, Sunlight, UV, and Accelerated Weathering, Technical Bulletin LU-022, Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 27, No.

300 홍성돈 김병순 전영민 이정순 The Q-Panel Lab Products, Cleveland, 199.. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K ISO 5-B05, Textiles-Tests for Colour Fastness -Part B05: Detection and Assessment of Photochromism, 1. 11. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM G 152, Standard Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials, 13.. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM G 153, Standard Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials, 13. 13. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM G 155, Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials, 13. 1. B. J. Collier and H. H. Epps, Textile Testing and Analysis, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, pp.230-231, 1999. 15. H. R. Yoon, Color Control and Color Design, Kukje, Anyang, pp.2-3, 0. 1. J. Lee, S. Ahn, and H. Yoon, Study of Colorfastness Characteristics of Colors by Using Polyester Thread, Proceedings of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers Annual Conference and Exhibition, Ilsan, Vol.1, p.03, 1. 17. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K ISO 5-A02, Textiles-Tests for Colour Fastness- Part A02: Grey Scale for Assessing Change in Colour, 1. 1. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS K 05, Calculation of Color Differences for Textiles, 0. 19. http://user.kotiti.re.kr/technic/tsvolno111.pdf, 15.09.27.. I. Kang, W. S. Song, H. S. Ryu, J. S. Lee, and H. Chung, Textile Dyeing: Concepts and Technics, Kyomunsa, Paju, p.5, 01. 21. http://www.tencate.com/emea/protective-fabrics/markets/military-and-police/default.aspx, 15.0.09. 한국염색가공학회지제 27 권제 호