한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 -

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그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 -

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초기황반변성 (Early AMD) 연령군 전체남성여성 질환유질환무유병률 (%) 질환유질환무유병률 (%) 질환유질환무유병률 (%) 19-29 0 747 0.0 0 299 0.0 0 448 0.0 30-39 2 1,191 0.2 0 490 0.0 2 701 0.3 40-49 13 1,114 1.2 7 509 1.3 6 605 1.0 50-59 55 1,058 4.9 25 422 5.6 30 636 4.5 60-69 104 829 11.1 44 384 10.3 60 445 11.9 70 114 583 16.4 45 256 14.9 69 327 17.4 Total 288 5,522 4.9 121 2,360 4.9 167 3,162 5.0 표준화 3.9 3.5 4.4-18 -

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ABSTRACT Risk Factors Associated with Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Korean Adults - The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010)- Pilwon Jang Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University (Directed by professor Sohee Park, Ph.D.) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is one of the three major eye diseases causing blindness along with glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence and incidence of AMD is increasing around the world including the Republic of Korea. While there have been studies on AMD in other countries, studies on AMD in the Korean population has been rare. In this study, we aimed to investigate the factors that are associated with early AMD in Korean adults aged 19 and older. In this study, we used the data from the Fifth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2010) that are representative of the entire Korean population. We used the data on 6,740 participants who completed health questionnaire, screening physical examination, and nutritional survey in our analysis. In order to examine the factors associated with early AMD, χ²-test, - 44 -

t-test, and logistic regression analysis were employed. We also estimated the prevalence of early AMD. The prevalence of early AMD was estimated to be 4.9% in all adults, 4.9% in male adults, and 5.0% in female adults. There was a statistically significant increasing trend in the prevalence of early AMD as the participant's age increased. The prevalence was particularly high in elderly people over 69 years of age. In regards to the location, early AMD prevalence was higher in the middle part of Korea compared to the southern part. The prevalence appeared to be very high in Gangwon province from the middle part of Korea and in Daegu and Jeonbuk from the southern part of Korea. Our study showed that the relative risk for early AMD was increased in participants that were older age (OR=1.10, 95% CI; 1.09-1.12), residing in the middle part of Korea compared to the Southern part (OR=1.49, 95% CI; 1.01-2.20). Compared to participants with normal weight, underweighted participants had lower risk of early AMD (OR=0.32, 95% CI; 0.11-0.94). HDL cholesterol (OR=1.02, 95% CI; 1.01-1.03) and sun exposure time per day (OR=1.73 for 2 hours or more vs. less than 2 hours per day, 95% CI 1.20-2.48) were also identified factors that were associated with the risk of early AMD. When separately analyzed by gender, age, HDL cholesterol, sun exposure time were significantly associated with early AMD. In summary, through this study using the Fifth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the association between the risk factors and early AMD and identified some factors. This study has an importance because it is the first attempt to use a nationwide survey that are - 45 -

representative of Korean population in order to examine the factors associated with early AMD, however, further prospective epidemiological studies should be performed to investigate the causal relationship between these factors and the risk of early AMD. Key Words : age-related macular degeneration, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, sun exposure time, prevalence, regional difference - 46 -