한수지 51(6), , 2018 Original Article Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 51(6), ,2018 토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가구운굴 (Crassostrea gigas) 통조림의제조및품질특성 박준석 박두현 공청식

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한수지 51(6), 647-655, 2018 Original Article Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 51(6),647-655,2018 토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가구운굴 (Crassostrea gigas) 통조림의제조및품질특성 박준석 박두현 공청식 이영만 1 이재동 2 박진효 김정균 * 경상대학교해양식품생명의학과 / 해양산업연구소, 1 대일씨에프, 2 거제어류양식협회 Processing and Characteristics of Canned Roasted Oyster Crassostrea gigas Added with Tomato Sauce and Tomato Paste Sauce Jun-Seok Park, Du-Hyun Park, Cheong-Sik Kong, Yeong-Man Lee 1, Jae-Dong Lee 2, Jin-Hyo Park and Jeong-Gyun Kim* Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea 1 Daeil Fisheries Company Limited, Geoje 53204, Korea 2 Geoje Fishers Aquaculture Association, Geoje 53329, Korea This study collected basic data on two types of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters Crassostrea gigas were immersed at 105 for 6 min and then washed and dehydrated before pre-drying. Roasted oysters were prepared by baking boiled oysters at 140 for 20 min. The canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce was prepared as follows. An aluminum can was filled with 50 g of roasted oyster and 40 g of mixed seasoning sauce, degassed at 90 for 3 min and vacuum-sealed using a double seamer under a 20 cmhg vacuum. The canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce was prepared similarly by adding the same amount of tomato paste sauce instead of tomato sauce. Microbial growth, appearance, proximate composition, ph, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, amino-n, salinity, color value, texture, free and total amino acids, and minerals were measured in the two products. A sensory evaluation indicated that the canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce had preferable characteristics over the canned roasted oyster sauce added with tomato sauce. Key words: Canned roasted oyster, Tomato sauce, Tomato paste sauce, Sterilization, Crassostrea gigas 서론 (Crassostrea gigas) 1897, 1960 2014 283,232 M/T, 2015 265,146 M/T, 2016 268,841 M/T, 2017 315,255 M/T (Lee et al., 2012; FIPS, 2018). taurine glycogen,, selenium (MOF, 2004; Kang et al., 2007). (Kang et al., 2007), (Kim and Heu, 2001a), (Kim and Heu, 2001b), (Kong et al., 2014).,, lycopene polyphenol *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 55. 772. 9141 Fax: +82. 55. 772. 9149 E-mail address: kimjeonggyun@nate.com This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2018.0647 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 51(6), 647-655, December 2018 Received 22 October 2018; Revised 13 November 2018; Accepted 11 December 2018 저자직위 : 박준석 ( 대학원생 ), 박두현 ( 대학원생 ), 공청식 ( 특별연구원 ), 이영만 ( 부사장 ), 이재동 ( 연구원 ), 박진효 ( 대학원생 ), 김정균 ( 교수 ) Copyright 2018 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 647 pissn:0374-8111, eissn:2287-8815

648 박준석ㆍ박두현ㆍ공청식ㆍ이영만ㆍ이재동ㆍ박진효ㆍ김정균,,,,,,,,, (Kim et al., 2014; Gu, 2007). (Park et al., 2013), (Kwon et al., 2014), (Noe et al., 2011).. 재료및방법 실험재료 (Crassostrea gigas) 2018 3 7.5-10.5 cm ( 9 cm), 7.6-10 g ( 8.8 g) D, (H ), (O ), (C ), (O ), (H ) L. 토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가구운굴통조림의제조 Fig. 1. 105 6,, (40, 50 ) 140 20 (D, 13 2.8 1.87). (RR-90 ) 50 g, ( 20%, 44.2%, 5.1%, 1.5%, 0.5%, 20%, 5.0%, xantan gum 0.2%, 0.5%, 2.5%, MSG 0.5% ) 40 g, 40 g., 90 3 (SOMME, S.A., Spain). (Young Hung Chemistry Machine MFG, Co., Korea) Fo Adding tomato sauce 40 g (Tomato sauce, water, refined salt, chili oil, crushed dried red pepper, crushed onion, crushed garlic, xanthan gum, brewing vinegar, sugar, MSG) Canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce (-1) Fig.1. Flowsheet of processing of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce., 115 50 (Fo 12 ). Fo Fo (EBI 11, Ebro Co., Germany), logger RR-90. homogenizer (PT-MR 2100, Polyron, Switzerland), 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm. 세균발육시험 Washing and boiling (105, 6 min) Shucking, washing and dehydration Pre-drying (40, 50 min) Roasting (140, 20 min) Filling 50 g in can (RR-90) Exhausting (90, 3 min) Seaming Sterilization (115, 50 min) Cooling Adding tomato paste sauce 40 g (Tomato paste sauce, water, refined salt, chili oil, crushed dried red pepper, crushed onion, crushed garlic, xanthan gum, brewing vinegar, sugar, MSG) Canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce (-2) (MFDS, 2018)

토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가굴통조림의제조 649., 5 36 1 10, 1. 70% 25 g 225 ml, 1 ml 9 ml. 1 ml 5 36 1 48 3,. 일반성분, ph 및휘발성염기질소 AOAC (1995),, semimicro kjeldahl, soxhlet,. ph 10 ph meter (ph 1500, Eutech Instruments, Singapore), conway unit (KSFSN, 2000). TBA 값, 아미노질소및염도 TBA (thiobarbituric acid) Tarladgis et al. (1960), formol (Kohara T, 1982), Mohr (AOAC, 1995). 색도및조직감 (ZE-2000, Nippon Denshoku, Japan) L (lightness, ), a (redness, ), b (yellowness, ) E (color difference, ). (standard plate) L 99.98, a -0.01, b 0.01. (Rheometer Compac-100, Sun Scientific Co., Japan).,. max force rheology system ver. 2.01 (Sun Scientific Co., Japan). 총아미노산. 2 g 6 N 2 ml heating block (HF-21, Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd, Japan) (110, 48 ) glass filter (RW- 0528G, Lab. Companion, Korea/ GITAL WATER BATH SB-1000, EYELA, Japan/ RPTARY EVAPOPATPR N-1000, EYELA, Japan) 60, sodium citrate buffer (ph 2.2) (25 ml). (Automatic amino acid analyzer S-433, Sykam, Germany). 유리아미노산. 20 g 20% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 30 ml vortex mixer (G-560, Scientific Industries, USA) 30 (SUPRA 22K Plus, Hanil Science Industrial Co., Ltd., Korea) 8,000 rpm 15 100 ml, ethylether ether. Lithium citrate buffer (ph 2.2) 25 ml. 무기질 Kim (2014) ICP (Atomscan 25, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., USA) Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, P S. 관능검사및통계처리 10,, 5 (5, ; 4, ; 3, ; 2, ; 1, ),. ANOVA test, Duncan (Steel and Torrie, 1980) (P<0.05). 결과및고찰 세균발육시험 Table 1. 115 Fo 12 35 1 15 30. Park et al. (2018b) 35 1 15 30, Kong (2011) Fo 8, 10 12,.

650 박준석ㆍ박두현ㆍ공청식ㆍ이영만ㆍ이재동ㆍ박진효ㆍ김정균 일반성분, ph 및휘발성염기질소, ph Table 2. -1-2 77.8 72.3%, 9.7 10.3%, 5.0 6.5%, 1.8 2.1% -1, -2. 90.8 75.9%, 1.8 3.6%, 0.8 1.1%, 1.9 2.4%, -1-2. -1-2 ph 5.39 4.97, 19.1 37.2 mg/100 g. Lee et al. (2012) 76.7-82.2%, 8.1-10.5%, 0.3-0.9% 1.0-2.0%, Kim et al. (2001) ph 6.38 3.06 mg/100 g., Kwon et al. (2014) Fo 11 65.5%, 16.3%, 2.5% 3.6%, ph 5.52 43.99 mg/100 g Fig. 2. Comparison in thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce. -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce., 42% 20% TBA 값, 아미노질소함량및염도 TBA Fig. 2 0.1701 0.1103. Kang et al. (2009) 15 IQF (individual quick-freezing) ( 15 Table 1. Comparison in cultured bacteria and external appearance test of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce during incubation of 35±1 for 15 days and 30 days (CFU/g) Temp. Sterilization condition Incubation temperature (35±1 ) 15 day 30 day Bacteria External appearance Bacteria External Appearance -1 ND Normal ND Normal 115 Fo 12 min -2 ND Normal ND Normal ND, Not detected; -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Table 2. Comparison in proximate composition, ph and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce Proximate composition (g/100g) Moisture Crude protein Crude lipid Ash ph VBN (mg/100 g) -1 77.8±0.5 a 9.7±0.2 b 5.0±0.4 b 1.8±0.1 b 5.39 19.1±1.6-2 72.3±0.4 b 10.3±0.0 a 6.5±0.3 a 2.1±0.0 a 4.97 21.2±1.6-1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Values are the means±standard deviation of three determination. Means within each column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P<0.05).

토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가굴통조림의제조 651 Fig 3. Comparison in amino-n content of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce. -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Fig. 4. Comparison in salinity of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce. -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce.,, ) 1 IQF ( ) TBA, 0.119 0.203 14 TBA 2,, lipase,. Noe et al. (2011) TBA Fo 8 0.126 Fo TBA, Ahn et al. (1986) TBA 0.35 0.55 0.41, 0.38, TBA myosine malonaldehyde malonaldehyde. Fig. 3 377.6 352.8 mg/100 g. Kong et al. (2009) Fo 5 140.0 mg/100 g, Fo 20 179.2 mg/100 g Fo, Fo. Park et al. (2013) Fo 12 162.1 mg/100 g. Fig. 4 0.8%. Kown et al. (2014) Fo 9 11 11.1 10.9%, Kim and Heu (2001c) 6.6 6.8%. 색도및조직감 Table 3 (L ), (a ), (b ) ( E) 31.8 37.4, 7.6 5.5, 13.3 19.5, 67.3 63.2-1, -2. (L ) 22.7 25.0, (a ) 28.1 27.0, (b ) 14.8 15.7, ( E) 80.5 75.8,., -1-2. Table 3. Comparison in color value of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce Color value -1-2 L 31.8±0.0 b 37.4±0.1 a a 7.6±0.1 a 5.5±0.0 b b 13.3±0.2 b 19.5±0.0 a E 67.3±0.0 a 63.2±0.1 b -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce; L, lightness; a, redness; b, yellowness; E, color difference. Values are the means±standard deviation of three determination. Means within each line followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P<0.05).

652 박준석ㆍ박두현ㆍ공청식ㆍ이영만ㆍ이재동ㆍ박진효ㆍ김정균 ( E) 33.9-34.3, 10.3-10.8, 14.8-14.8 65.0-65.5 (a ), (b ), ( E), (L ). Fig. 5 495.3 498.7 g/cm 2. 521.6 503.3 g/cm 2 Fig. 5. Comparison in hardness value of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce. -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Kang (2009) (L ) 57.72, (a ) 1.23, (b ) 12.38 ( E) 42.48, Kown et al. (2014) (L ), (a ), (b ) Table 4. Comparison in total amino acid content of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce Amino acid -1-2 Aspartic acid 1,135.2 (12.0)* 1,192.5 (12.1) Threonine 449.7 (4.8) 479.9 (4.9) Serine 482.4 (5.1) 501.1 (5.1) Glutamic acid 1,852.6 (19.6) 1,906.3 (19.3) Proline 532.5 (5.6) 545.8 (5.5) Glycine 491.3 (5.2) 528.4 (5.4) Alanine 548.2 (5.8) 563.1 (5.7) Cysteine 57.4 (0.6) 60.8 (0.6) Valine 403.9 (4.3) 445.6 (4.5) Methionine 211.1 (2.2) 213.7 (2.2) Isoleucine 365.8 (3.9) 393.7 (4.0) Leucine 672.6 (7.1) 697.4 (7.1) Tyrosine 328.2 (3.5) 368.8 (3.7) Phenylalanine 545.7 (5.8) 580.3 (5.9) Histidine 200.2 (2.1) 220.9 (2.2) Lysine 689.2 (7.3) 702.5 (7.1) Arginine 498.3 (5.3) 469.4 (4.8) Total 9,464.3 (100.0) 9,870.2 (100.0) -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. *Percentage (%) to total amino acid content. Table 5. Comparison in free amino acid content of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce Amino acid -1-2 Phosphoserine 13.7 (1.2)* 23.2 (1.2) Taurine 16.1 (1.4) 18.0 (0.9) Aspartic Acid 90.2 (7.7) 92.8 (4.9) Threonine 30.0 (2.6) 54.6 (2.9) Serine 31.3 (2.7) 53.7 (2.8) Asparagine 108.5 (9.2) 130.0 (6.8) Glutamic acid 369.7 (31.5) 671.6 (35.2) α-aminoadipic Acid 1.1 (0.1) 4.3 (0.2) Proline 134.8 (11.5) 151.3 (7.9) Glycine 92.4 (7.9) 129.5 (6.8) Alanine 99.3 (8.5) 145.7 (7.6) Citrulline 2.7 (0.2) 4.5 (0.2) α-aminobutyric acid 1.8 (0.2) 4.4 (0.2) Valine 11.1 (0.9) 28.2 (1.5) Cysteine 6.3 (0.5) 3.7 (0.2) Methionine 8.4 (0.7) 26.6 (1.4) Isoleucine 7.7 (0.7) 15.3 (0.8) Leucine 11.8 (1.0) 31.0 (1.6) Tyrosine 1.2 (0.1) 22.3 (1.2) Phenylalanine 17.6 (1.5) 40.0 (2.1) β-alanine 8.6 (0.7) 10.8 (0.6) β-aminoisobutyric acid 1.1 (0.1) 2.2 (0.1) Histidine 22.9 (2.0) 39.9 (2.1) Tryptophane 2.5 (0.2) 10.6 (0.6) Carnosine 0.0 (0.0) 3.6 (0.2) Ornithine 3.9 (0.3) 11.1 (0.6) Lysine 20.2 (1.7) 60.1 (3.2) Arginine 58.3 (5.0) 117.9 (6.2) Total 1,173.1 (100.0) 1,906.9 (100.0) -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste Sauce. *Percentage (%) to free amino acid content.

토마토소스및토마토페이스트소스첨가굴통조림의제조 653 (Park et al., 2018a; Park et al., 2018b). Kong et al. (2016) Fo 12 130 120 g/ cm 2, Kwon et al. (2014) Fo 9 11 437.1 685.6 g/cm 2 Fo,, guar gum. 총아미노산함량 (-1) (-2) Table 4 9,464.3 9,870.2 mg/100 g. -1-2 glutamic acid 1,852.6 1,906.5 mg/100 g aspartic acid lysine. Lee et al. (2012) 9,004-10,198.5 8,165.7-8,942.5 mg/100 g, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine arginine., Noe et al. (2011) Fo 12 13,390.5 mg/100 g, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine arginine. 유리아미노산함량 Table 5 1,173.1 1,906.9 mg/100 g -2-1. -1-2 glutamic acid 369.7 671.6 mg/100 g, -1 proline asparagine, -2 proline alanine. glutamic acid, proline alanine (Park et al., 2018a; Park et al., 2018b). Kong et al. (2014) taurine, proline arginine, Park et al. (2013) Fo 12 1,573.4 mg/100 g, Fo 10 (1,285.5 mg/100 g) Fo 8 (856.3 mg/100 g), histidine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid. 무기질함량 Table 6. -1-2 Na 164.5 89.0 mg/100 g, K 58.9 39.2 mg/100 g, S 51.5 38.3 mg/100 g. Kong et al. (2016) Table 6. Comparison in mineral content of canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce (mg/100 g) Mineral -1-2 K 58.9±1.0 a 39.2±0.7 b Ca 8.8±0.3 b 24.0±0.5 a Mg 9.3±0.3 a 9.5±0.2 a Na 164.5±4.0 a 89.0±1.5 b Fe 2.9±0.0 a 0.8±0.0 b Zn 3.6±0.0 a 2.8±0.0 b P 33.2±0.4 a 21.0±0.1 b S 51.5±0.9 a 38.3±1.2 b -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Values are the means±standard deviation of three determination. Means within each line followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P<0.05). Table 7. Comparison in sensory evaluation of the canned roasted oyster Crassostrea gigas added with tomato sauce and tomato paste sauce Sensory evaluation 1 Shape Color Odor Texture Taste Overall acceptance 1 3.5±0.3 a 3.2±0.1 a 3.4±0.3 a 3.3±0.3 b 3.1±0.3 b 3.4±0.2 b 2 3.6±0.4 a 3.5±0.2 a 3.7±0.5 a 4.0±0.2 a 3.9±0.2 a 4.2±0.3 a 1 5 scales, 1: very poor, 2: poor, 3: acceptable, 4: good, 5: very good; -1, canned roasted oyster added with tomato sauce; -2, canned roasted oyster added with tomato paste sauce. Values are the means±standard deviation of three determination. Means within each column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P<0.05).

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