영어실전A-1회(01~18)ok

www.ebsi.co.kr

Contents EBSi www.ebsi.co.kr EBSi EBSi www.ebsi.co.kr Q&A

Chapter A 1 howeverin contrast regarding latest employment freeze opening at present drive enthusiasm resumé be on file assignment internship related to open up organization 2 www.ebsi.co.kr A B Answer A 1. latest 2. enthusiasm 3. opening 4. assignment 5. organization B 1. opening 2. latest 3. enthusiasm 4. assignment 5. organization *confine *hone www.ebsi.co.kr 2 *one-size-fits-all S tructure 2014 20 E nglish 목적과주장 01 thereforeas a result Let s Check It Out Dear Ms. Roberts: Thank you for your letter of September 13, 2013, regarding the latest employment freeze at HTV. Even though there are no openings at present, I want you to know that I am still interested in working for HTV if one should occur in the future. I am a very good news writer and have a high degree of drive, enthusiasm, and energy. My resumé, which is on file at HTV, shows the numerous news writing assignments I completed at a local television station, both in college and during my internship. If any position related to news and news writing opens up, I would like to be considered. I highly respect your organization and believe that I could be a useful person to HTV. Sincerely, Chris Green A STEP STEP STEP Comprehension Process 1 2 3 Dear Ms. Roberts Thank you for your letter of September 13, 2013, regarding the latest employment freeze at HTV. Even though there are no openings at present, I want you to know that I am still interested in working for HTV if one should occur in the future. If any position related to news and news writing opens up, I would like to be considered. V ocabulary Review assignment enthusiasm latest opening organization A 1. : most recent 2. : great excitement for or interest in a subject or cause 3. : an opportunity for employment 4. : something given, as a particular task or duty 5. : a group of persons organized for some end or work B 1. We have no s for clerks at the moment. 2. She is interested in all the fashions. 3. He seems to lack for the work he is doing. 4. The reporter has been given the of interviewing the candidate. 5. She is the leader of an international devoted to the protection of natural resources. Words & Phrases T ranslation 6 7 E X ERCISES A 1 To make your job interview a success, it is important to conduct a practice day prior to the day of your interview. If possible, drive or find transportation to the interview location. Ideally, do this on the same hour as your scheduled interview to identify potential transportation problems including traffic and parking. Once at the site, walk to the location where the interview will be held. This will enable you to become comfortable and familiar with your surroundings and let you know how much time you will need to arrive at the interview on time. Do not go into the specific office, just the general area. Make note of the nearest public restroom so you can use it the day of the interview to freshen up prior to your meeting. 2 In the fast-paced world of business today, every manager needs a personal resource a place to go for advice, coaching, background information, or answers. The Essential Business series fits the bill. Concise and straightforward, these books provide highly practical advice for readers at all levels of experience. Whether you are a new manager or an experienced executive, these solution-oriented books give you the reliable tips and tools you need to improve your performance and get the job done. Essential Business titles will quickly become your constant companions and trusted guides. These are priced at $19.95, except as noted. Price is subject to change. *fit the bill 3 I confine my bike riding in New York City to the separate, park-like bike paths because riding in the streets is too dangerous. I ve seen car/bike accidents, and friends and relatives have been hurt bicycling in cities. I d love to bicycle more in the city in fact, I prefer it to walking, driving, or taking a bus or subway, as long as it isn t raining or snowing. When I meet neighbors bringing their bicycles up the elevator in our apartment building, I try to strike up a conversation about where they ve been and how they feel about bicycling in a big city. Almost everybody tells me that they realize it s dangerous, but they love it, so they do it anyway. Don t you think we should make it safe to do so to get more people out of their cars and onto bicycles? 4 Founded in December 2007 by Allison Janney, Tom McLaughlin, and Chris Martin, Dream Writers Workshop (DWW) is a community of creative writers who come together to encourage each other s writing passions and hone their craft. DWW offers biweekly workshops, monthly poetry and lyric workshops, National Novel Writing Month, writers retreats, and a variety of social events throughout the year. DWW is open to anyone writing in English looking to develop their skills in fiction, creative non-fiction, poetry, scriptwriting, and lyrics. For more information: * send us an e-mail at dreamwriters@gmail.com * find us on Facebook by searching for Dream Writers Workshop * visit our blog at dreamwritersblog.com * follow us on Twitter, @dreamwriters 5 Not everyone is good with kids, the seriously ill, or the homeless. You might prefer to go to a nursing home to play bingo with the residents. My point is that service is not one-size-fits-all; it helps to find something you love. But how? When I was getting started, I considered a bunch of volunteer opportunities. A lot of my friends thought it would be cool to work at the Humane Society or to help kids through therapeutic horseback riding. But since I m afraid of both dogs and horses, they weren t for me. I d love to be a ski guide for the blind, but I definitely don t ski well enough to do something like that. Eventually, I realized that I liked getting involved with the homeless and those living in poverty by going to the Central Night Shelter. When I realized that I liked one kind of service more than the others, I started volunteering more often. 6 As a sociologist, I am constantly reminded of the power of the past. Although each of us comes into the world afresh, we are not really new creatures. We arrive into a social slot, born not only to a family but also to a religion, community, and, of course, a nation and a culture. Sociologists understand the power of social structure and culture to shape not only our path through the world but also our understanding of that path and that world. Yet we often have to expend much energy trying to get students to see the influence on their lives of the social structure and culture they inherit. Not understanding our past makes many of us incapable of thinking effectively about our present and future. If our journey together through my book will make the realities of our past more apparent, then this most irrelevant subject history might become more relevant to you. At least, that is my hope. 8 9

6~18 76~81 EBS 수능완성_ 01. 02. E ngl Chapter 목 1 A 01 Woman: I got up late this morning. We watched some movies. We decided to share a room. Do you want me to join you? How about going to bed early? 04. Green Bakery 05. Man: I made them a pizza. I think that s a good idea. I often cook for my children. They like to eat what I make. You can order a hamburger combo. Wilson Avenue Flower Shop King Street Grant Park Benson Avenue Start here 07. 08. 10. 11. www.ebsi.co.kr 03. Woman: I m available now. Well, okay. We can try it. Thank you for helping me. I m wondering what you like. Of course. I ve already taken it. 6 06. 09. 12. 7 Answers & Explanations A www.ebsi.co.kr 1 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 1. M : You look so sleepy, Jenny. W: I m really sleepy. My sister and I stayed up late last night. M : What did you do? W: We watched some movies. Jenny stay up share go to bed 2. Brown cook combo 3. M : Jane, why don t we take Mr. Kim s biology class together? W: I m afraid his class might be too hard for us. M : I know. But I heard it s interesting. Let s take it together. W: Well, okay. We can try it. Jane biology Bakery? M : Green Bakery? [Pause] Oh, it s on Wilson Avenue. W: Wilson Avenue? M : Yes. This is Benson Avenue. Go straight for two blocks first. W: Two blocks. And then? M : Turn left on King Street and go one block until you reach an intersection. W: Is that the intersection of King Street and Wilson Avenue? M : Yes. You ll see a flower shop on the corner, on your right. Turn right at the flower shop. W: I see. M : Right next to the flower shop, there s a post office. W: Is the bakery next to the post office? M : No, Green Bakery is directly across from the post office. W: Oh, I ve got it. Thanks a lot. Green Bakery Green Bakery Wilson Avenue Wilson Avenue Benson Avenue King Street King Street Wilson Avenue Green Bakery King Street Wilson Avenue bakery reach intersection next to across from head of the school painting club, Great Artists. We heard that the city was planning to paint pictures on some of the factory walls in our neighborhood. Our club wanted to take part in this project. So we applied and were selected to participate. However, at the moment we don t have enough club members to do our part. So we need some volunteers. It doesn t matter whether you re good at painting or not. You just need to be enthusiastic about improving the environment of our neighborhood. We hope you ll knock on the door of our club soon. Ted Johnson Great Artists head factory neighborhood take part in apply select participate at the moment matter enthusiastic improve 6. available W: I heard that you re taking a cooking class, Mr. Brown. M : Yes, I am. Yesterday I cooked something special for my children. W: Oh, really? What did you make for them? M : I made them a pizza. 4. W: Excuse me, would you tell me how to get to Green 5. M : Good morning, everyone! I m Ted Johnson. I m the W: Robin, what brings you here? M : I m here to buy some soccer balls. W: Oh, are you going to play soccer? M : Oh, no. Not me. Actually, I m going to donate these balls. 76 77

1 A 01. Woman: I got up late this morning. We watched some movies. We decided to share a room. Do you want me to join you? How about going to bed early? 04. Green Bakery Wilson Avenue Flower Shop King Street Grant Park Benson Avenue Start here 02. Man: I made them a pizza. I think that s a good idea. I often cook for my children. They like to eat what I make. You can order a hamburger combo. 05. 03. Woman: I m available now. Well, okay. We can try it. Thank you for helping me. I m wondering what you like. Of course. I ve already taken it. 06. 6

www.ebsi.co.kr 76~81 07. 10. 08. 11. 09. 12. 7

1 A 13. 17. Ski Classes for Adults Level Time Period Advanced 9:30 11:30 Dec. 26 31 Intermediate 14:00 16:00 Dec. 26 31 Advanced 9:30 11:30 Jan. 2 6 Intermediate 9:30 11:30 Jan. 2 6 Intermediate 14:00 16:00 Jan. 2 6 14. 18. Man: Okay. I ll take your students to the zoo. I think your students will be happy to see it. Your students are looking forward to the field trip. You should bring a digital camera with you in that case. I m sorry, but I don t remember your students very well. 15. $35 $40 $45 $50 $55 19. Woman: 16. English Idiom Illustration Contest A4 2013 12 6 3 Yes, I m too exhausted to do the dishes. Well, I don t think so. It s your turn to cook today. No, you should reserve a table for two in advance. Yes, but I don t like fast food because it isn t healthy. Yes, there is. I heard the new Chinese restaurant is great. 8

www.ebsi.co.kr 81~86 20. Chris Ms. Taylor Chris: I m going to check the engine first. There s nothing wrong with your car. You should change the old front tires. Where s the nearest auto repair shop? Didn t you realize your car had a flat tire? [21~22] 21. 23. When a parent sees two children in the midst of battle, the first instinct is to scream at the one who is yours. Unless blood is being shed or the fight is getting particularly severe or one of the children is older and is obviously winning hands down, let the children solve their own problems. Toddlers aren t necessarily polite to one another. They don t get insulted (not for very long, anyway), and they can settle their differences within a matter of minutes and sometimes seconds. Children s disagreements may be more disagreeable to their parents than to the children themselves, but try to suffer in silence rather than interfere. A parent is not impartial and therefore cannot be an effective referee; children may fight even harder if parents are involved, to save face in front of adults. 22. 9

1 A 24. Dear Ms. Cummings: I would like to thank you for interviewing me last Thursday for the part-time preschool instructor position. It was a pleasure meeting you and Jennifer Hedge, as well as the wonderful children you have the opportunity to work with. As I mentioned during our conversation on Thursday, my prime interest is in obtaining full-time teaching work. Therefore, I have decided to accept a position as a prekindergarten teacher in an elementary school near my home. Although I would have enjoyed working with your fine staff, I feel that this position provides an ideal opportunity for me to pursue my goals. I have no doubt that you will find a qualified instructor to fill your vacancy, as you manage an excellent facility for children. Best of luck in your future endeavors. Sincerely, Chris Smith 25. The immediacy of email is very tempting. It s all too common for someone to sit at his or her desk, make an email message on the computer, and then fire it off to the recipient. One piece of advice is to treat email with the same thoughtful consideration that you do letters or memos you send out. While it s tempting to send off an email in response to something that has angered and disappointed you, resist the urge. Sure, type out the email if you want to, but then use the save draft function that most email software allows. When you re calmer about whatever triggered your wrath, go back and read the email to see if it s one you really want to send. 26. Swimming involves the use of most of the body s muscles and is excellent cardiovascular exercise. As a result, it is wonderful exercise for children. Children tend to burn up a huge amount of energy just playing in the water, and sleep particularly well after an afternoon of swimming. In addition to its contributions to children s physical well-being, swimming offers them a chance to feel good about themselves. Each new skill they learn can be an excuse to celebrate! Knowing they can succeed in one area of their lives, they will feel positive about their ability to meet other challenges. In addition, an afternoon of swimming can be a wonderful time for parents to play with their children. *cardiovascular 10

www.ebsi.co.kr 86~89 27. Detroit Photo Contest Detroit Photo Contest This photo contest is a good opportunity for you to capture and share the precious moments of your life. We hope it will bring out your creativity and sense of beauty. Timeline: Deadline for submissions: September 11 Announcement of results: September 25 Categories: People, Places, Things Contest details: A limit of nine photos per entrant can be entered into the contest with a limit of three per category. Only two formats of photo files, JPEG and TIFF, will be accepted. Submissions may be delivered in digital format on a CD or USB flash drive. Email submissions will not be accepted. One winner will be chosen from each category. Visit the link below for more information. www.detroitphotocontest.org 9 11 9 28. Kids Together Kids Together Kids Together is a preschool program for families with children 3 to 5 years old. The curriculum reflects a child s individual developmental stage of learning. This program provides opportunities for social, emotional, physical, and intellectual development. Parental involvement is required during the class. Teachers will provide a variety of options for parental involvement. Our program runs from May 1 to September 30. Children attend a two-hour session either in the morning or in the afternoon. Three Year Olds Fee: $378 2 days a week (Tuesday and Thursday) 9:00 11:00 a.m. or 1:00 3:00 p.m. Registration Maximum: 7 Four & Five Year Olds Fee: $567 3 days a week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) 9:00 11:00 a.m. or 1:00 3:00 p.m. Registration Maximum: 10 Please call Judy Thomson at 231-8492 for registration information. 5 1 9 30 4 3 4~5 10 11

1 A 29. Running with Your Pet Dog Running with Your Pet Dog! Join our fun run at Memorial Park on November 28. This event will be sure to delight you and your pet dog. 30. Changes in blogging by generation, 2008-2010 % of Internet users who work on their own blog, over time Dogs and their owners choose on the day of the race to run either 5 kilometers or 10 kilometers. Name tags given at the check-in booth will distinguish 5-kilometer runners from 10-kilometer runners. Dog treats, water, and hot chocolate will be available along the course. Only one dog per runner, please. Dog owners must show documents that their dog s vaccinations are up-to-date and dogs must be on a leash at all times. Fee: $15 (Fee covers one person and one dog.) Pre-Registration: Thursday, November 7 (Those who pre-register will receive a race T-shirt.) On-site Registration: November 28, 9:00 9:30 a.m. (No T-shirt for on-site registration.) Time: Race starts at 10:00 a.m. The above graph shows changes in blogging by generation from December 2008 to May 2010. Millennials saw a decline in blogging from 20% in December 2008 to 18% in May 2010. While the percentage of bloggers decreased in Millennials, it increased in all the other generations without exception. For example, blogging among members of Gen X increased from 10% in December 2008 to 16% in May 2010. Likewise, during the same period, Younger Boomers and Older Boomers experienced an increase in blogging from 6% to 11% and from 7% to 11%, respectively. The result was an increase in blogging for all online adults, from 11% in December 2008 to 14% in May 2010. For more information, visit our website at www. funwithdogs.org. 1 30 12

www.ebsi.co.kr 89~91 31. (A)(B)(C) During the 1960s and 1970s, the brown pelican population in the U.S. suffered massive declines as the birds accumulated the pesticides DDT and dieldrin in their bodies. These widely used poisons built up in the food chain and became concentrated in the fish (A) that / what the birds ate. That affected the pelicans eggs, thinning their shells so that they broke in the nests. As a result, in parts of their northern range, brown pelican numbers slumped by as much as 90 percent in just 20 years, and the bird was (B) declared / declaring an endangered U.S. species by 1973. Fortunately, the pesticides involved were then banned, allowing the pelicans to make a dramatic recovery, and in (C) most / almost areas populations had reached their former levels by the late 1980s. The company no longer expects to have to give specific directions for each task or problem. Instead, employees are asked to direct their own work flow and to keep productivity up even when required resources are not (C) available / scarce. They have to learn how to work smarter, make the most of limited time and budgets, and be more productive in their own work environment. (A) (B) (C) instructed independent available instructed independent scarce instructed conservative available stimulated independent scarce stimulated conservative available *dieldrin 32. (A) (B) (C) that declared most that declared almost that declaring most what declaring almost what declared most (A)(B)(C) In the past, employees did exactly what they were (A) instructed / stimulated to do. If they didn t receive clear directions, then nothing got done. In fact, if they received directions that they knew would produce a low-quality product, they carried them out anyway. That was how the management-employee relationship worked. Today, employees are expected to make minute-by-minute decisions related to their work tasks. They are more (B) conservative / independent. 33. Alice Before they unpacked the car and settled into the cottage, they always took a first look at the ocean from what Alice considered her beach. Alice happily ran ahead, reaching the shoreline before her parents. A pleasant shiver coursed through her. On the shiny sand, Alice smiled and hurriedly kicked off her shoes, then inched forward to test the water. It was cold, so she jumped back, staying just beyond the water s grasp. When she looked from left to right, up and down, there were only two things: sky and sea. Alice blinked her eyes and cheerfully gulped the air as if she could draw the whole blue world inside her and keep it forever. *gulp proud envious grateful joyful worried 13

[34~36] 34. 1 A According to research carried out by the University of Michigan, a good brain-training program can improve working memory and boost general problemsolving ability, which can raise general intelligence. In the study, after recording the subjects mental agility with a variety of cognitive tests, the researchers gave the subjects a series of brain-training exercises. This mental workout was given to four groups, who repeated the exercises for 8, 12, 17, or 19 days. After the training the researchers re-tested the subjects intelligence. Although the performance of the untrained group improved slightly, the trained subjects showed a significant improvement, which increased with. This suggests that a good brain-training program is an effective way to boost intelligence levels. group size subjects age peers presence time spent training problem-solving ability *agility 35. Recently I was watching a stranger talk on his cell phone. As he listened, his left foot, which had been resting flat on the ground, changed position. The heel of the foot remained on the ground, but the rest of his shoe moved up, so that his toes were pointing skyward, which usually means the person is in a good mood. To the average person, that behavior would have gone unnoticed or been disregarded as insignificant. But to the trained observer, that gravitydefying foot behavior can be readily decoded to mean that the man on the phone. Sure enough, as I walked by I could hear him say, Really? That s wonderful! His feet had already silently said the same thing. *gravity-defying had recently suffered a failure accepted the observer s opinion wanted to finish the conversation had just heard something positive would like to keep people at a distance 14

www.ebsi.co.kr 91~93 36. Because children take stories so seriously and believe in them as if they were real life, the author must evaluate with utmost care whether. Good children s stories are considerate of the reader as well as of the facts of life and the world. They may show how life and the world are, how problems are solved, or they may teach, comfort, inspire, or entertain. But none of these goals is successfully achieved when the reader is left discouraged when he finishes reading. To a child, unhappiness creates a problem. It is as if the action of the story had not been completed: The child can be confused or even frustrated. A children s story should allow the child to leave the story with confidence that the characters will continue successfully in their lives after the end of the story. ring. Ice hockey players would be arrested for actions they define as normal during their games. Race car drivers would be ticketed for speeding and careless driving. (B), even when serious injuries or deaths occur in sports, criminal charges usually are not filed, and civil lawsuits asking for financial compensation are generally unsuccessful. (A) (B) By contrast Therefore By contrast Similarly That is Furthermore For example However For example In conclusion *deviant a sad ending is truly justified the language used is appropriate proper gender roles are provided a complex plot can be understood children s diverse interests are reflected 38. 37. (A)(B) Actions that are accepted in sports may be deviant in other spheres of society. Athletes are allowed and even encouraged to do things that are outlawed or defined as criminal in other settings. (A), some of the things that athletes do in contact sports would be classified as felony assault if they occurred on the streets; boxers would be criminals outside the The value of play lies not only in the amusement and relaxation it gives a child, but also in the learning it provides. Emotionally, even a toddler can play out many aspects of his or her life, so that he or she becomes more familiar with what s going on and finds it easier to live with. Intellectually, play lets a child take in new information and manipulate it to fit in with what he or she already knows. Through play, a child can practice, improve his or her thinking skills and develop his or her creativity. It s better for children to have a special place for their toys, which should be accessible enough to make it easy for them to clean up themselves. Doing something with other children for pleasure is a very valuable means of learning social and communication skills, especially for children who have a tendency to be solitary. 15

39. 1 A 40. It is important, however, that the subject be unaware that he is being observed. One method for studying behavior is to observe and record events as they naturally occur in life. ( ) Researchers who use this method, called naturalistic observation, do not bring their subjects into the laboratory and manipulate their behavior in any way. ( ) Nor do they select groups of subjects and set up different experimental conditions. ( ) Naturalistic observation is frequently used to study animal behavior, such as the hibernation habits of bears or the maternal behavior of hens. ( ) For example, a psychologist using naturalistic observation to study how children of different races play together would watch groups of children playing in the school yards or parks, but he would keep himself at a distance so as not to be detected. ( ) If the children were aware that a strange adult was watching, they might behave differently than they ordinarily would. *hibernation At 5:30 a.m., Brian Murphy got himself out of bed to go downstairs to work out. His three-yearold daughter, Evelyn, woke up early and came to see him. (A) Evelyn was not allowed to sleep with them. Brian asked Evelyn if the Little People could keep her company in bed while Daddy worked out to stay healthy. Evelyn agreed, and the problem was solved. (B) At the same time, Brian knew he really needed to work out, and this was the only time he could do so. He thought about the things Evelyn really liked. One was her Little People toys. (C) Daddy, can you keep me company? she asked. She wanted him to sleep on the floor in her room. Who can resist such a request? Brian didn t want his daughter to think Daddy loves exercising more than her. (A)(C)(B) (B)(A)(C) (B)(C)(A) (C)(A)(B) (C)(B)(A) 16

www.ebsi.co.kr 94~95 [41~42] All salespeople are afraid to face their first prospect. Performers, athletes, actors, singers and many others are also frightened before performing. As with the actor, the salesperson has stage fright. It is known that the very best salespeople continue to have this anxiety throughout their careers. Before the big race at a track meet, the distance runner will take several mental practice runs before loosening up on the field. He will actually see himself in the starting blocks and will run the race in his mind s eye, examining all possibilities. Rain or shine, he will be ready. In the same way, a salesperson must see the whole sale before sitting down with the prospect. Just like the actor or singer, the salesperson goes over the part (even out loud) before the curtain goes up. This kind of gets rid of stage fright. My supervisor amazed me in my early days of selling. During my training period, when we reached his prospect s home or office he started whistling a well-known tune from the time he locked his car to the precise moment that he rang the client s bell. At first I paid no attention, but after three or four presentations before which he whistled the same tune, I caught on. 41. 42. Difficulties in Sales Management Tips for Giving Oral Presentations Ways to Improve Customer Satisfaction How to Overcome Fear as a Salesperson Necessity of Building Trust with Customers regulation negotiation preparation friendliness forgiveness 17

[43~45] www.ebsi.co.kr 1 95~96 (A) I saw an incredible act of unrelated elephants helping one another when I traveled in Thailand. An old female elephant, perhaps close to 65 years old, fell down in the middle of the night. As it was a very rainy, muddy jungle, I didn t think the tired old female could get up easily. For hours, mahouts and volunteers alike tried to lift her. *mahout 43. (A) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (D)(C)(B) (B) When the mahouts tried to take down a large wooden frame used to raise the old female, Mae Mai got in the way and wouldn t let the wood anywhere near (a) her dead friend. Mae Mai then spent the next two days wandering around the park crying out at the top of (b) her voice every few minutes, causing the rest of the herd to respond with similar sounds. (C) She repeatedly tried to do so, ending each failed attempt with frustrated trunk smacks to the ground and rumbling. She seemed highly committed to staying with her friend. When the old female died, a few days later, (c) she started crying out loudly in an uncontrollable manner. *smack (D) In the meantime, her close companion, Mae Mai, an unrelated female of about 45 years old, refused to leave her side. I say refused because mahouts were trying to get (d) her out of the way, tempting her with food. Mae Mai not only attempted to lift the fallen female with the mahouts and with another elephant, but she got alongside the old female, and with her head, tried to push (e) her up. 44. 45. (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Mae Mai 18

2 A 04. Weight Lifting Stadium 01. Woman: Thank you for the speedy delivery. Oh, I m sorry. There s only one left. Yes. Can I pay for it by credit card? I m afraid your printer is out of order. Why don t you sell your printer to me? Start here 02. Man: That s a good idea. I think enough is enough. Thanks. Without you, I d have lost it somewhere. I m afraid I can t. I ve just started studying science. Wonderful! I knew you d get a good grade in science. Sounds great. That would be really helpful for both of us. 05. 03. Woman: You remembered? You re so sweet. Don t worry. I ll get a pair of gloves for you. You re right. The gloves were too tight for me. Do the gloves cost just $10? That s a real bargain. I d like to exchange these gloves. Here s the receipt. 06. 19

2 A 07. 10. Good Eating Plan Mary Ross 08. 11. 12. 09. angry sorrowful nervous confident surprised USB USB USB 20

www.ebsi.co.kr 99~106 13. 17. Must-Have Shopping: Electric Fans Model Type Color Remote Control SH 101 stand white AH 202 stand black PR 301 tower white KS 402 tower white RP 501 tower black 14. 15. $100 $150 $180 $200 $270 18. Woman: Sure. I d like to get a new printer. I m afraid it s not available at this time. Don t worry. I ll cancel your order soon. You re right. But I don t think that s my fault. No problem. Sorry again for the inconvenience. 16. Boston Music Camp 20 6 19. Man: That s great! I d also like to use it. Okay. I ll buy you a new computer. It s too dark. Please turn on the light. I do. I ll be more careful from now on. Sorry, but I don t like watching the show. 21

2 A 20. Mary Chris Mary: Don t worry. I can do it by myself. Sorry. I forgot to call your manager. I did. You should treat me to dinner. I can t put it off. Please give me a hand. Okay. Let s visit him in the hospital together. [21~22] 21. 23. There are everyday things that all of us innocently put off until later cleaning the room, doing homework, or the seemingly difficult chore of stopping watching television for ten seconds to take out the trash. But have you noticed that even when you re watching a show or hanging out with friends as the homework piles up, you can t fully relax? You feel this pressure build and build. And no matter how much you do your best to avoid the issue, the longer you do, the more that pressure intensifies. What causes this? It is basically your conscience battling with what you re doing compared with what you should do. 22. 22

www.ebsi.co.kr 106~108 24. Dear Mr. Green: I recently renewed our service contract on our copy machine for the next three years. Our lasting business relationship has motivated me to write this letter. I want to compliment your service representative, Peggy Miller. She s always diligent and has good manners. Her work is quick and professional, and she knows how to handle all the problems of our old copy machine. She gives me a quiet confidence in your company. That s one of the reasons we continue to do business with your company. People like Peggy are hard to find. It s not often that I take the time to write a note like this, but she s been so consistently outstanding that I just couldn t help myself. Sincerely, James Brown 25. One of the most pressing problems organizations face today is how to motivate employees to work more productively. Many managers believe that the answer is simple: If the workers need more motivation, pay them more. But this no longer works. In today s society, money no longer serves as the primary motivation force. In times of severe economic depression when jobs were extremely difficult to find, the question of survival of being able to provide enough food for one s family was most important, and money was the prime mover. But in times of prosperity, jobs are generally plentiful and salaries high. People are not forced to remain at unsatisfying jobs, nor are they compelled to work hard at jobs they don t like. They can quit and go elsewhere. Consequently, they don t have to worry about being fired for not doing the best job possible; they can always get other jobs. 23

2 A 26. Office workers know that filing information in alphabetical order provides easier retrieval than storing it in no particular order. When memories are similarly patterned or organized, recall is facilitated. The greater the organization the learner can impose on the material, the better the recall. Gordon Bower and others conducted an experiment that illustrated this phenomenon. The subjects were required to learn several lists of words. One group studied slides which presented the words in the form of a tree diagram. The other group studied lists from slides which presented the words in random order. The group learning the organized words from a tree pattern recalled significantly more words than the group learning randomly patterned words. *retrieval 27. Orlando Audition Orlando Audition Notice Sept. 1 Sept. 21 at Green Culture Center Orlando Men s Chorus is a chorus for men who love to sing modern popular songs from The Beatles to Abba, Boys II Men to Robbie Williams. Orlando Men s Chorus is scheduled to perform with the Orlando Women s Choir. Songs include: It s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year Andy Williams Here Comes the Sun The Beatles Believe Josh Groban The Winner Takes It All Abba The ability to read music is not necessary, just a good ear! Weekly rehearsals starting from Wednesday, Oct. 2, 7:00 10:00 p.m. Performances: Dec. 16 17(Mon. Tues.), 7:00 10:00 p.m., Green Culture Center To book an audition time, please email: letssingalong@orlandochorus.com or phone: (852) 2418-5919. 9 Green Culture Center Orlando 121 24

www.ebsi.co.kr 108~110 28. Burrell University Library Burrell University Library Welcome to the Burrell University Library. The library, located on East Road, can be reached by many buses. You can also come on foot or by bicycle. Library Hours Monday to Saturday: 9:00 a.m. 7:00 p.m. Sundays and Christmas: Closed Borrowing Loan period: 2 weeks / Renewal period: 2 weeks (1 renewal) The maximum number of books to be checked out is six. Any borrower who fails to return a book shall be fined 50 cents per day it is late. Rules Food and drink shall not be taken into the library. Mobile phones must be set to silent mode in the library. The marking of any library materials is forbidden. The use of portable computers is only permitted in designated areas. The use of mobile telephones is only permitted in the Tea Room. 1 2 Tea Room 29. Angel Hospital s College Volunteer Program Angel Hospital s College Volunteer Program We welcome college students to the College Volunteer Program at Angel Hospital. Applications are accepted all year round and accepted only by email. Who Volunteers must be currently enrolled in a university or college. What Volunteers provide support to patients, families, and staff. Some assignments have direct patient contact, and other assignments are more supportive. When Assignments will be given at 2:00 p.m. each day. It typically takes 3 4 hours to do the assignments. Where Volunteering will be done at the hospital s main building. Attendance is very important in issuing a volunteering certificate. So please consider transportation before applying. Cost Volunteer T-shirt is $20, including tax. Commitment Minimum initial commitment is 50 hours. We encourage volunteers to stay longer. We re unable to accommodate volunteers who want shorter assignment periods. If you have additional questions, please contact us at volunteering@angelhospital.org or (614) 752-3536. 20 50 25

30. 2 A Apple and Pear Production in Australia, 2001-2005 The graph above shows the apple and pear production in Australia from 2001 to 2005. The production of pears was about 175 thousand tons in 2001 and stayed at around 150 thousand tons from 2002 to 2005. In 2004, the volume of apple production decreased sharply from about 325 thousand tons in 2003 to about 260 thousand tons and recovered roughly to the level of 2003 in 2005. The narrowest production gap between apples and pears appeared in 2004. The production of pears began to decline from 2001 and reached a bit below 150 thousand tons in 2003. However, in 2005 the production of pears increased a little and reached its peak for the whole period. 31. (A)(B)(C) There is an ice cream shop near my residence. The people working at the ice cream shop (A) is / are in their early twenties. The ice cream is great but the servers talk a whole lot among themselves while they re serving customers. One night, as a young lady was scooping up my ice cream, she was in the middle of a conversation with her co-worker, who was doing nothing. It took her longer to fill up my ice cream cup because she was busy talking instead of focusing on serving me. After having a few similar negative experiences, I just stopped (B) going / to go. Even though the ice cream is delicious, it s not worth the time it takes to get it. Any customer who is (C) made / making to wait an unreasonable amount of time before being served often comes to the same conclusion. (A) (B) (C) is going made is going making are to go making are going made are to go made 26

www.ebsi.co.kr 110~112 32. (A)(B)(C) Some years back, I had a client, a doctor of chiropractic, with a million-dollar-a-year practice and a rather large staff. It was particularly (A) annoying / pleasing to him that he was unable to rely on any of his staff members to be punctual. Some were habitually late getting to work on time. Others were habitually late getting back from lunch. Others habitually fell behind in getting important paperwork done. And so on. He tried everything punishments and rewards and nothing (B) worked / failed. Why? In all the years I knew him, I can t recall this doctor ever getting anywhere on time himself. He was even 20 minutes late one morning picking me up at my hotel so I could go and teach a time management seminar to his staff! Incredibly, my client never (C) acknowledged / denied the obvious problem here. Maybe there weren t any mirrors in his house. *chiropractic 33. I I was tempted to go and sleep on the floor by Grandpa and Grandma Tiny. I lay quietly for a while, gathering up my courage. Just when I was about to run fast to them, I spied a tall, thin, ghostly white figure drifting into the room. I threw the covers back over my head. My heart was beating fast like a mouse before a cat. I heard the rocking chair creak back and forth, back and forth. Then I heard that funny snip, snip, rustle, rustle sound. I was frightened. After a while, all was quiet again. I gave up on the idea of going into Grandpa and Grandma Tiny s room. I kept the covers over my head and prayed for morning to come. calm excited envious scared indifferent (A) (B) (C) annoying worked acknowledged annoying failed acknowledged annoying worked denied pleasing worked denied pleasing failed acknowledged 27

2 A [34~36] 34. A married woman comes home from work, kicks off her shoes, flings herself on the couch, and groans, I had an awful day today. How is her husband likely to respond? Sorry to hear that, honey. Let s go to a nice restaurant for dinner, or Oh. What s for dinner? I have asked this question to audiences all over the United States. Most of the unfortunate men choose option two ( What s for dinner? ). Why does this happen so predictably? Because the men assume that when the woman says, I had an awful day, she is simply sharing a piece of information. Although this is technically true, most of the women realize that I had an awful day is actually a coded message. It means, If you loved me, you d take me out to dinner. This message seems so obvious that most wives assume it doesn t need to be. hidden spoken predicted 35. ignored blamed The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned that on repetitive heading of soccer balls in young athletes, the bottom line is probably. Heading drills, in which a child s head is knocked repeatedly, as happens with forward and defensive players, are of greater concern to pediatricians than is the occasional head-punt in a game. A pair of studies conducted in Norway and in the United States compared the mental functioning of large groups of adult soccer players to adults of similar age and circumstances who did not play soccer. Out of 106 soccer players in the Norwegian study, 81 percent had impairment of attention, concentration, memory, and judgment that ranged from mild to severe. In the U.S. study, attention and concentration deficits were significantly more common among those who headed the ball most often. *head-punt less is better it does no harm more is not enough 36. simple is best practice pays off In many situations, we will find it difficult to put ourselves in another person s shoes. We may not have time, we may be troubled by pressures that require our attention, or we may have such strong views that we cannot break outside ourselves. If so, it may be useful to. In the construction industry, for instance, businesses that have an ongoing working relationship often end up in a lawsuit. In such situations, settling a dispute quickly and fairly may be far more important than the precise terms of any settlement. Mediation can help each company better understand the perceptions of the other. Similarly, in family relations, a therapist can often help family members break out of a destructive pattern of interaction by helping each better understand how the world looks through the eyes of the other. ask the help of a third party keep a distance for some time figure out the cause of the dispute remember what was done together communicate in a written statement 28

www.ebsi.co.kr 112~115 37. (A)(B) Usually after I give out a detention slip, the student will try very hard to behave, and rarely will anyone get four slips. I tell my students that with four slips, there will be an immediate parent-teacher conference. When it does happen, depending on the severity of the action, different forms of parent contact will occur. (A), if I don t feel it is a serious problem, I will just wait and call the parent on my cell phone when I get home. If it is more of a problem, I will call during planning time or after school. On some occasions, I will ask the child to step out in the hall, and I will call the parent on my cell phone. I don t do that often, because it interrupts the class. I will, (B), do it every now and then, because I want the students to know that if I need to, I can have their parents on the phone at a moment s notice. China with that of a group from the USA. They found no difference in performance between young people from each group. However, the older Americans were outperformed by the older Chinese, who had a much more positive attitude to aging. Unfortunately, your memory and your mental powers fade and decline as you get older. Similarly, Americans who had a positive outlook on age performed better than Americans who had a negative outlook. *connotation *detention (A) (B) For example therefore In addition however For example however In addition similarly As a result therefore 39. While it was a challenge for Corinne, she made the effort to make eye contact with her audience. 38. In China, older people are still generally revered for their wisdom and old age does not have the same negative connotations that it does in the West. Interestingly, in a Harvard study researchers compared the memory performance of a group from When she spoke to the group in communication practice sessions, Corinne would look above their heads instead of making eye contact with people in the audience. The feedback from the group was that Corinne was disconnected from them. ( ) She gave the impression of being very self-focused and indifferent. ( ) In fact, Corinne s lack of eye contact was the result of a technique she had been taught at college to combat nervousness when speaking in public. ( ) What she never realized, however, was that it kept her from being an effective communicator. ( ) This calmed her down and gave her cues as she spoke. ( ) For example, an approving nod would show that her message was being received and understood. 29

2 A 40. If you look around you, you can find a place where help is needed. One morning Joe, the owner of a small auto repair shop in Vermont, was talking with friends at the local coffee shop. (A) One of his buddies told about a young mother trying desperately to get off welfare. Community services helped her get job training, coached her to do well in interviews, and then steered her toward job openings. (B) After hearing the story, Joe spread the word that he d take in unwanted, nonrunning cars. He repaired them and donated them to people needing transportation in order to work. Joe found a need and filled it. (C) But because there was no public transportation in that area, she had no way to get to an interview or to work, for she had no car. *steer (A)(C)(B) (B)(C)(A) (C)(B)(A) (B)(A)(C) (C)(A)(B) Looking as clean as you can under the circumstances, walk into the interview and announce: A funny thing happened to me on my way down here. Narrate the incident, then conclude: I apologize for my appearance, but this meeting is important to me, and I didn t want to postpone it or cause you the inconvenience of rescheduling. I hope you ll bear with me. This was a good-looking suit, up until a few minutes ago! Handled this way, the incident won t make you look foolish. The interviewers will be treated to your healthy sense of humor, your unflappable nature, your ability to put matters into their proper proportion, and your professionalism: nothing could stop you from. 41. *venue **unflappable Crisis Brings Opportunities Misfortunes Never Come Singly Dress Yourself Up for Your Interview! Don t Stick to Your Physical Appearance Too Much Humor Will Ruin Your Interview [41~42] A rainy day. You ve gotten off the bus and are walking to the interview. A car speeds around the corner, tires churn into a mud puddle, and you are splattered head to foot. What do you do? Let s face it. There s no way that this is a desirable event. However, you can turn this disaster to your advantage. If possible, duck into a restaurant or other place that has a public restroom, and tidy up as best you can, particularly your face and hands, if they were splashed. If you can t find a place to do this, try to find a public washroom at the interview venue. You might explain to the receptionist what happened to you and secure from her a key to a washroom. 42. setting realistic goals getting to this interview causing the same problem putting off the appointment running a successful business 30

www.ebsi.co.kr 115~117 [43~45] (A) Lieutenant-Colonel Oreste Pinto was a Dutch member of Allied Counter-Intelligence in the Second World War. He was convinced that Emile Boulanger, a man he d met for routine questioning, was a German spy and not the Belgian farmer (a) he claimed to be. Pinto did all he could do to catch Boulanger out. *Allied Counter-Intelligence (B) On another occasion, Pinto turned to one of his men during an interrogation of Boulanger and made arrangements, in German, for Boulanger to be shot by firing squad in an hour s time. Once again, Boulanger didn t react in any way to suggest that he d understood a word. By now Pinto was beginning to doubt (b) his own instincts. Had he made a mistake? Was Boulanger really just the Belgian farmer he claimed to be? *interrogation (C) The following day, Boulanger was taken to Pinto s office. There Pinto signed some papers and told Boulanger that he was free to go. Boulanger sighed with relief and turned to leave. Only then did he realize his terrible, stupid mistake. Pinto had spoken to him IN GERMAN. (c) His cover was blown. (D) Boulanger was put in a cell and, when (d) he was asleep, smoke was blown under his door and soldiers shouted, Feuer! (German for fire ). Boulanger ignored the cries, other than rolling over, until someone shouted, Fire! in French. Then he leaped up. Pinto s attempt to catch the man out if (e) he really was a German spy, that is had failed. 43. 44. 45. (A) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (D)(C)(B) (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Pinto Boulanger Pinto Boulanger Boulanger Boulanger 31

3 A 04. Elevator 01. Woman: Why don t you cancel the meeting? Sorry, but he s not in at the moment. How about coming around 1 o clock? The principal has been waiting for you. I didn t get a good grade on the math exam. Entrance Start here 02. Man: The book is due in a week. We charge a dollar per day. That book is currently 20% off. That s beyond my current budget. You can pay it in advance if you wish. 05. 03. Woman: Oh, I didn t mean to do it. Uh, can I turn it in tomorrow? Not at all, what are friends for? Okay, but let me finish mine first. Well, I can do my homework myself. 06. 32

www.ebsi.co.kr 118~123 07. 10. 08. 11. 09. grocery store cooking school manager s office restaurant kitchen convenience store 12. TV 33

3 A 13. 17. Number of bedrooms Floor Direction one 9th south one 11th east one 15th south two 13th east two 14th south 14. 15. $20 $30 $40 $65 $75 18. Woman: I think it s Rome was not built in a day. I think it s Many hands make light work. I think it s He who laughs last laughs best. I think it s The early bird catches the worm. I think it s Speech is silver and silence is golden. 16. Rainbow Art Contest Rainbow 19. Man: No. I d just like a refund. Yes. I really like thick socks. Don t worry. I like thin ones. No, I m not. I m actually a skier. Thank you. I ll keep the receipt next time. 34

www.ebsi.co.kr 123~128 20. Mina Brian Mina: Brian, why don t you go out and play? please stay focused on your music. would you please stop making noise? could you keep your legs from shaking? you d better study hard before it s too late. 23. I once heard that at the turn of the 19th century there was a buggy whip factory that had made major improvements in their manufacturing process. They made the best-quality whips, and they were continuing to improve them. No other manufacturer in the industry compared. There was just one problem. They were working at a time when the automobile was being introduced. And it wasn t long before the entire nation would change to the horseless carriage. The company soon went out of business. I can t help wondering what the outcome might have been if the leaders of the company had taken the time to pause, understand what their experience was trying to teach them, and make changes in the course they were on. *buggy [21~22] 21. 22. Odessa 35

3 A 24. 25. Dear Mr. Crile: Bob Lanson has told me of your recent visit to Russia, and of the fascinating collection of photographs you brought back with you. At the next regular discussion meeting of our Town Forum, on September 20th, we plan to discuss Russia; and it would certainly be interesting and helpful if someone who was actually there could tell us about it. Would you be willing to come to this meeting as our guest of honor to tell us what you saw in Russia and show us some of your pictures? It would be of tremendous interest to the members, and I m sure they would greatly appreciate your courtesy and kindness. We can supply a laptop or a tablet PC unless you prefer using your own. Sincerely yours, John A. Talbot In school, you may have been taught to follow a particular form in every letter or report, regardless of the function of the particular document. There seemed to be some inherent virtue in writing reports that followed the classic I. A. 1. a. (1) (a) outline, even though using this structure might mean cutting your ideas to fit the form. At some point in your career, you might have been told to begin every report with a subhead called Background, even when your readers already knew the background or couldn t care less about it. No matter how well your outline conforms to a predetermined pattern, it will not carry your idea if it does not suit your message. 26. *inherent **subhead If you need to increase sales, but can t afford a salesperson, what else can you do? Paul G. Lewis, CEO of MC 2, a computer network design, installation, and support company in Warren, N.J., decided to focus his limited selling time on customers who could sell for him. Lewis started targeting law and accounting firms, which deal regularly with his potential client base. He figured that if he did a good job for them, they would mention his company to their clients and colleagues. He excelled in his service for his target firms, handed them a stack of his cards when he left, and asked them to recommend MC 2. It didn t take long to see the results. Within two weeks of his first law firm job, Lewis got his first referral. That year, sales grew 700% over those of the previous year, and his sales expense was zero. Lewis s revenues have grown to $10 million since 1990. Be Aware of Where You Belong Make Customers Your Salespeople Customers Also Know What You Know Knowing the Law Leads You to Success Excessive Advertisements Harm Your Business 36

www.ebsi.co.kr 128~130 27. Redwood Mountains Welcome to Redwood Mountains Park The park is home to miles and miles of clear mountain streams, great for both trout fishing and swimming on a hot summer day. The park is a wildland preserving examples of plant and animal diversity. OPEN: All year. Hours of operation vary from season to season. The visitor center is open daily: January May: 9 a.m. 6 p.m. June August: 8 a.m. 7 p.m. September December: 8 a.m. 6 p.m. PHONE: (865) 436-1200 WEBSITE: http://www.rmp.gov/grsm COST: The fee for camping is $3 per night. NOTE: Most trails in Redwood Mountains Park are steep and rugged. 28. Altoona Book Club BOOK DISCUSSION GROUP Be sure to make the Altoona Book Club your refuge during the holidays! The next book discussion group will meet at 7:00 p.m., Saturday, January 25. This month s book is My Name Is Mary Peck, a novel by Charles Nelson. It is available from the circulation desk in the Altoona Library on a firstcome, first-served basis. The story takes place during the Civil War and is about a courageous housewife from Albany, New York, who is determined to become a surgeon one day. This book club discussion is open to all adults aged 18 and over. But only members can join. Become a member today and join the discussion! The sign-up sheet is posted on the bulletin board in the library lobby. For more information, check out our webpage at http://www.altoonaclub.com. 1 25 7 18 37

3 A 29. Family Holiday Concert No Plans Tonight? Check Out the Family Holiday Concert at MSU The Maple State University annual Family Holiday Concert will begin at 8:30 p.m. Sunday, December 22 in the Maple State University Auditorium. The evening includes performances by Maple State s orchestra and choral groups, and an audience sing-along. Tickets are $10 general, $8 seniors, $4 children. Tickets are on sale now online and at the Auditorium box office. Maple State students may receive one free ticket with ID by visiting the Student Union Info Desk. Advance purchase is recommended due to a high sellout rate. For more information, call the Department of Music at (208) 426-1596. All the profits will benefit the Maple State University Scholarship Fund. 30. Total Primary Energy Consumption and Renewable Energy Consumption by Source, 2011, in the U.S. The graph above shows the percentage of total primary energy consumption and renewable energy consumption by source in 2011 in the U.S. The largest source of total primary energy consumption was petroleum, which was followed by natural gas and coal. Both renewable energy and nuclear electric power were less than one-tenth of total primary energy consumption. Hydroelectric power, which had the largest percentage of all renewable energy sources, accounted for more than one-third of all renewable energy consumption. The second and third largest renewable energy sources consumed were wood and biofuels respectively, and each of them accounted for more than a quarter of renewable energy consumption. The total energy consumption of solar/pv, geothermal, waste, and wind was exactly the same as the energy consumption of wood. *PV(=photovoltaic) **geothermal 38

www.ebsi.co.kr 130~132 31. Joseph Jaworski is an exceptionally open listener. The core of his professional competence is his ability to listen with total presence, so that the boundary between him and the other person is disappeared. This quality of attention has a powerful impact on the person being listened to: the person feels heard and supported, becomes clearer about his or her own thoughts and feelings, and more centered and purposeful. The first time Jaworski and I conducted such a dialogue together, I was very bored. As soon as we left the interviewee s office, I turned to Jaworski and asked him how he could pretend to be so interested in the man s life and struggles. But, Adam, he replied, I am genuinely interested in him! That s the whole point! 32. In 1914, Ford introduced an innovation: the $5 workday. This might not seem like much today, but back then $5 was about twice the going wage. It was also far above the wage that balanced supply and demand. When the new $5-a-day wage was announced, long lines of job seekers formed outside the Ford factories. The number of workers willing to work at this wage far exceeded the number of workers Ford needed. Ford s high-wage policy had many of the effects predicted by the efficiency-wage theory. The rates of leaving jobs and being absent fell, and productivity rose. Workers were so much more efficient that Ford s production costs were lower despite higher wages. Thus, paying a wage above the equilibrium level was unprofitable for the firm. *equilibrium 39

3 A 33. Mom and Dad. Please try to understand. I know you would like me to be married, but I don t want it. Being single is a happy way of life for me. I m not missing out on anything I want in my life. I have a good job. I have friends. I have goals I want to pursue. I can pick up the telephone and be with friends whenever I want to or I can be alone and enjoy that. I know you want me to be happy, and this is my way of being happy. You must try to believe this because it s true. You have not failed me as parents. In fact, you have been wonderful parents because you have given me the freedom to search out and find the kind of life that is right for me and that life is being single and happy. And if you think about all this for a little while, I think you will understand and be happy for me too. older, appeared not to need to manipulate the forms to do well on the task, whereas the children who only touched the forms continued to do poorly; the children, however, who only saw the forms became progressively more accurate with age. For older children, it would seem, physical contact with an object is unnecessary for making a perceptual discrimination; seeing it is. confusing inaccurate interesting sufficient impossible *tactually admiring humorous persuasive regretful indifferent 35. [34~36] 34. Alexander V. Zaporozhets, in a study of preschool children, had one group of children manipulate several irregular geometric forms by inserting them into a formboard. Children in a second group inspected the forms visually but never touched them, while those in a third group only manipulated them tactually. When the children were required to discriminate geometric forms from a group of unfamiliar ones, it was found that those who had both visually and tactually manipulated the original forms made less than half the errors made by the two other groups. The children in the first group, as they grew A person who offers praise may appear to. For example, consider this comment delivered to a speaker after a presentation: I enjoyed your presentation. You did a nice job in comparing one investment to another. I think you mentioned all the relevant tax laws most people need to concern themselves with. That compliment implies that the giver is in a position to judge the thoroughness or accuracy of the material that the speaker presented. In a similar situation, take care not to word your compliment in such a way that you are elevating your own expertise. A better phrasing of the previous compliment might have been: I enjoyed your presentation. Your comparison of investments was interesting, and your insights on the tax laws were some I had never heard shared before today. feel jealous of the speaker s talent be also praised for his consideration recognize harmful effects of criticism be placing himself in a one-up position enjoy greater peace of mind and happiness 40

www.ebsi.co.kr 132~135 36. Differences in culture between dealmakers can interrupt negotiations in many ways. Above all, they can. If one American executive responds to another American s proposal by saying, That s difficult, the response, interpreted against American culture and business practice, probably means that the door is still open for further discussion and that perhaps the other side should sweeten its offer. In some other cultures, for example, many in Asia, people may be reluctant to say a direct no, even when that is their intention. So when a Japanese negotiator in response to a proposal says, That s difficult, he is clearly indicating that the proposal is unacceptable. It s difficult, means no to the Japanese, but maybe to the American. things happen as they do. We all know, for example, that the moon is riddled with craters. From a scientific point of view, what is of interest is precisely why this should be so. What natural processes have led to the formation of the craters? (B), in part, science is an activity aimed at furthering our understanding of why things happen as they do in the world in which we live. *be riddled with (A) (B) Nevertheless Similarly In addition Thus For example However In addition Similarly Nevertheless Thus make negotiators very sensitive to time require changes in management systems cause negotiators to submit poor proposals create misunderstandings in communication keep the parties from sticking to their own principles 38. 37. (A)(B) We cannot hope to give a simple, universal reason why each and every scientist studies the natural world. There are bound to be as many reasons as there are practicing scientists. (A), there is a single why underlying all scientific research. In general, scientists study the natural world to figure out why Parents can live through their children by pushing them to reach standards they never achieved themselves. But it s impossible for a child to live up to his parents expectations all the time, and sometimes he will let them down. These little failures can give his confidence a knock, which wouldn t matter too much in the ordinary way of things. But when the child is under too much pressure to succeed, his lack of confidence can either make him try exceptionally hard to please or perhaps just make him give up. Each parent should try to avoid giving instructions that are not consistent with the other s, as it makes him very anxious. Consequently, the child can be too good and can feel it necessary to conform too much, which may cause him to keep in his mind feelings of resentment, perhaps for the rest of his life. 41

39. 3 A 40. But too often the offer is refused. I enjoy giving career advice and counseling. It s almost a hobby. I ve done this with hundreds of young people, and I get enormous satisfaction hearing from them later on as their careers progress. ( ) There are times when I can make a big difference in a young person s life. ( ) I can open a door or place a call or set up an internship one of those simple acts by which destinies are altered. ( ) The recipient will say, Sorry, but I can t accept the favor because I m not sure I ll ever be able to repay you ; or I d rather not be obligated to anyone, so I ll have to pass. ( ) Sometimes, they ll insist right there and then that they return the favor somehow. ( ) To me, nothing is as infuriating as encountering such blindness about how things work. Suppose you take a trip to Melbourne, Australia. You meet an Australian who says to you, Come over to my house for tea tonight. You say, Fine. What time should I come? Oh, about 7 or so, is the reply. (A) You will find that tea includes lamb chops and sausages, chips (french-fried potatoes), a veggie (such as peas or beans), a salad, and dessert. After you finish all of this, you will be asked if you are ready for tea, and whether you want it black or white (without or with milk). (B) Preparations for your visit would not even have started. When Australians say 7 p.m., most would not expect you until 7:30 at the earliest, and 8 would be about right. If you have eaten dinner before you arrive, you will wish you had not. (C) Would you know what time to arrive and what to expect when you got there? Should you eat dinner before you go? If, being a person who tries to be punctual, you arrived precisely at 7 p.m., your host would most likely be shocked. (A)(B)(C) (B)(A)(C) (B)(C)(A) (C)(A)(B) (C)(B)(A) 42

www.ebsi.co.kr 135~137 [41~42] In business, we often say that your best customers are the customers you have now. In other words, your most successful sales leads come from the selling you ve already done. The highest returns don t come from new sales; they come on top of the customer base you ve already established. It s easiest to reach out to those people who are at least tangentially part of your network. The big hurdles of networking revolve around the cold calls, meeting of new people, and all the activities that involve engaging the. But the first step has nothing to do with strangers; you should start connecting with the people you do know. Focus on your immediate network: friends of friends, old acquaintances from school, and family. I suspect you ve never asked your cousins, brothers, or brothers-in-law if they know anyone that they could introduce you to to help fulfill your goals. Everyone from your family to your mailman is a portal to an entirely new set of folks. So don t wait until you re out of a job, or on your own, to begin reaching out to others. You ve got to create a community of colleagues and friends before you need it. Others around you are far more likely to help you if they already know and like you. Start gardening now. You won t believe the treasures to be found within your own backyard. *tangentially **cold call 41. 42. Belong to a Safe Community Cultivate Your Own Plant Garden Don t Be Afraid to Make Cold Calls Contact New Colleagues Immediately Build Your Network Starting with the Familiar valuable expected unknown significant impossible 43

[43~45] www.ebsi.co.kr 3 137~138 (A) When (a) I was in high school, my family s dinner conversations often centered on my dad s frustrations with upper management in the company where he worked. Dad was a mid-level manager in a company that manufactured and sold business calculating machines in an era when better-faster-cheaper computers were just about to arrive on the market. 43. (A) (B)(C)(D) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (B) (b) I would often ask him, Instead of telling us, can t you tell them what you think? Wouldn t they want to hear what you have to say? Oh no, they d just say don t be so negative and then I d feel even more frustrated. Reflecting on these conversations, (c) I now view my dad s behavior as a good example of withholding true feelings and thoughts to maintain a sense of control: he had it all figured out. (C) He knew how his bosses should be and how they would react to his ideas. By staying silent, he stayed in control. He never had to risk being disagreed with, criticized, or ignored. He got to stay right where he felt comfortable wronged, but righteous to the very end when the company did go under and he could say, (d) I told you so. (D) My dad was pretty certain that if his company didn t start listening to customers and giving them what they wanted, the company would fold. Every night (e) I would listen to Dad ranting about his bosses what they should do if they had any brains and what he would do if he were leading the company. *rant 44. 45. (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 44

4 A 04. Star Max 01. Man: It s strange that you re here. There s one just around the corner. You shouldn t have bought a snack. It s difficult to run a convenience store. You can deposit your money in the bank. Start here 02. Woman: Why don t you close the door? I m afraid it closed an hour ago. You d better take a taxi to go there. Yes. You can use our postal service. Sure. The train station is open all night. 05. 03. Man: Sorry. I m already full. No, thanks. I can carry my baggage. Sure. I d be glad to give you a hand. Okay. It s very nice of you to say so. No problem. I ll throw them away for you. 06. 45

4 A 07. 10. 08. 11. 09. curious envious nervous delighted embarrassed 12. 46

www.ebsi.co.kr 140~146 13. 17. Secondhand Book Search Results: My Life (Excellent Quality) Seller Price Binding Edition Sue $69 Hardcover 1st Jack $54 Hardcover 3rd Ben $38 Paperback 3rd Laura $25 Hardcover 2nd George $12 Paperback 2nd 14. 18. Woman: 15. I d like to invite you to the concert. We should leave early to get seats, then. I m busy today. Let s go some other night. Yes. Today is the third Friday of the month. It s expensive, but I don t want to miss his concert. $30 $40 $50 $70 $90 16. Rainbow Children s Hospital 5 7 222 7 18 3 19. Man: Great. I hope they ll win this time. Don t worry. I ll play better next time. It was a tie. They had to go into overtime. No. You can t use your finger until that time. Yes. I was amazed at how they played as a team. 47

4 A 20. Mrs. Hooper Sally Mrs. Hooper: The cartoon isn t good for teens. We re lucky today. Let s wait in line. I m afraid we can t get the tickets today. It s too dangerous. I can t let you go there. In that case, we should wait at least an hour. [21~22] 21. 23. Clothes consciousness is out. School uniforms are in. And, though I know most other students don t agree, I think uniforms are the best thing that could happen to our nation s youth and to the educational system as a whole. Walking through the halls of some schools used to be like attending a fashion show. Baggy jeans, flashy cropped tops, khaki trousers, and patterned sweaters created a whirlwind of color and styles. Not anymore. School uniforms and uniform dress codes have taken over in many schools and are being considered in many others. A great number of students are rebelling, claiming that wearing a uniform violates their freedom of expression. Some students show their discontent by deliberately dressing sloppily or wearing unapproved colors. I don t think these students have thought the issue through clearly. 22. 48

www.ebsi.co.kr 24. 25. 146~149 Dear Dr. Franklin: I am a junior at Emerald High School and a member of a student organization that performs community service. I am writing to ask to meet with you to discuss ways that a group of us can volunteer at the Green Valley Retirement Village. We believe that we could perform services valuable to Green Valley s residents. We could read aloud to visually impaired residents, run errands for those who find it difficult to get around, and visit with those who could use some company. We believe that this time would be well spent, for it would increase understanding across the generations. To set up a meeting time at your convenience, please call me at 555-0908. I look forward to meeting with you. Sincerely yours, Michael C. O Connor President Community Action Group An ecosystem is composed of both biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors are the living parts of an ecosystem the animals, plants, and microorganisms. These biotic factors interact with each other in complex ways, and they also interact with the nonliving parts of the ecosystem the abiotic factors. Some abiotic factors that influence living things are temperature, sunlight, humidity, water supply, soil type, and mineral nutrients. To appreciate how all the things in an ecosystem are connected, think about how an automobile works. The engine alone is made up of hundreds of individual parts, all working together to make the automobile run. If even one part breaks, the car might not run. Similarly, if one part of an ecosystem is destroyed, the entire ecosystem can be affected. *abiotic 49

26. 4 A The study of history assumes a basic importance in the college curriculum because it is considered to be indispensable background for all other forms of knowledge, not only in the humanities but also in the social and physical sciences. The freshman survey course in European history particularly serves this function of providing a cultural, social, and political context for every other intellectual discipline and branch of knowledge. Without some knowledge of the conditions of government and society in late sixteenthcentury England, at least half of what Shakespeare is saying becomes incomprehensible; and without an understanding of the social and intellectual forces at work during the era of the French Revolution, we would fail to comprehend the ideas that inspired Beethoven s symphonies. *indispensable What Major Pays Off in the Future? Why Do We Need History Courses? University Life: It s All about History! Which One Is an Urgent Matter: Present or Future? Comprehensible History vs. Incomprehensible History 27. Skydiving Adventure Skydiving Adventure Are you ready to jump? Jumps are available on weekends throughout the year! Just name a date! Allow half a day for the whole event. You ll glide down to a smooth, gentle landing and walk away from the drop zone with memories to last a lifetime. Safety Standards & Restrictions You must be 12 years or over. You must not be at high risk of having a heart attack. What to Wear / Bring Wear comfortable, casual clothes without too many buttons. Be sun smart and bring a hat and suncream. What Is Provided Professional instruction All skydiving equipment Cafeteria and vending machines available for snacks Next Available Dates Jan. 11, 2014 (Saturday) Jan. 12, 2014 (Sunday) Jan. 18, 2014 (Saturday) Jan. 19, 2014 (Sunday) book now sold out book now book now 50

www.ebsi.co.kr 149~150 28. Amy Grant Amy Grant 719 Willow Avenue Hoboken, NJ 07730 Tel.: (201) 575-6712 Email: amygrant@mail.net Education Hoboken High School, Hoboken, NJ September 2012 present Hoboken Middle School, Hoboken, NJ September 2009 June 2012 Experience Pet Sitter February 2010 June 2011 Provided pet sitting services including dog walking and feeding Childcare January 2009 December 2009 Provided childcare for several families after school, on weekends and during school vacations Volunteer Experience Green Orphanage April 2010 present City Library Children s Book Reading Program March 2009 February 2010 Activities Swimming Member of Hoboken High School Swim Team Art Member of Hoboken High School Art Club Computer Skills Competent with office and design programs 29. Students and Parents are invited to: The Northeast National College Fair Sunday, July 21, 2013 1:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Global Convention Center 2500 East Fairway Circle Tenafly, New Jersey Sponsored by the College Admissions National Association (CANA) College Information Meet representatives from more than 200 colleges and universities across the nation. Counseling Get answers to your questions about admissions at the Counseling Center. Information Sessions Attend presentations on various college related topics. Pre-register for the College Fair *Log on to the CANA website prior to the fair. *Fill out the registration form and register by July 10. *Print out the registration form and bring it to the fair. Visit www.cana.org for the latest information about the fair! 1 5 51

30. 4 A 31. Melting Temperatures of Metals The above bar graph compares the melting temperatures of silver, gold, copper, nickel, and iron. According to the information in the graph, all the metals but silver melt at a temperature higher than 1,000 C. Among these metals, iron has the highest melting temperature, which is approximately 1,500 C. Nickel has the second highest melting temperature, which is higher than the melting temperature of copper. There is no significant difference between the melting temperatures of gold and copper, gold melting at a very slightly higher temperature than copper. Silver has the lowest melting temperature among the five metals, and the difference between the melting temperatures of silver and gold is about 100 C. Insomnia isn t a disease, but it is a continuing problem for some 15 to 20 million Americans and causes occasional problems for almost everyone else. It is a frequent cause of doctor visits, many of which could be avoided. For most people, occasional insomnia is a response to excitement. Both good and bad events in your life can keep you awake at night. Other people develop poor sleeping schedules; sleeping late or napping during the day makes sleeping at night harder. Diseases are unlikely to cause insomnia, but some can affect sleep. A disease that causes pain or shortness of breath may make sleep difficultly. Depression and similar problems often interfere with sleep. Clearly, in these cases treating the disease is the best way to restore sound sleep. *insomnia 32. (A)(B)(C) You may think, I don t have the time or patience for small talk. What s the point? The point is this: You wouldn t start your car in fifth gear, would you? You will make much more progress by getting to know someone (A) gradually / quickly instead of jumping right in with what you need from them. Small talk helps people ease into a social relationship. You can start small talk by (B) complimenting / congratulating people on what they are wearing or making a comment about the activity in which you both are participating. You could say, I like your sweater. The person will answer you and may make (C) additional / unwanted conversation with you. That s how small talk evolves into a social conversation. 52

www.ebsi.co.kr 150~152 (A) (B) (C) gradually congratulating additional gradually congratulating unwanted gradually complimenting additional quickly congratulating unwanted quickly complimenting additional 33. I [34~36] 34. fear envy worry regret indifference Probably one of the most potent causes of unhappiness is. It is one of the most universal and deep-seated human passions. It is very noticeable in children before they are a year old, and has to be treated with the most tender respect by every parent. The very slightest appearance of favoring one child at the expense of another is instantly observed and resented. The emotion is just as prevalent among adults as among children. I remember when one of our maids, who was a married woman, became pregnant, we told her not to lift heavy weights. The instant result was that none of the other maids would lift heavy weights because they thought we favored the pregnant woman. It was a very obscure sound, and I was completely at a loss to discern its direction. It seemed now to be coming from somewhere around the river s shore outside the village, or from the garden of our house, right outside the door. The strange, secretive sound that stole through the stillness of the night made me shiver down my spine. My consciousness was already rushing to the river s shore, drawn by the mysterious strain of the ghostly sound. It s the whisper of the king snake, my grandmother said. Her words, which fell upon me like a huge, dark shadow, almost made me scream. It s the king snake calling up the snakes. Grandmother s words coiled round my body like a huge snake darting out its forked tongue, and I could hardly breathe. bored scared jealous relieved indifferent 53

35. 4 A If you become aware of the steps you must take to do what you want to do, you will start getting closer to what you want to do. And that will start to result in a positive side effect: You start attracting like-minded people. That is true in leadership, but it is also true in every other aspect of life. As my mother used to say,. If you want to be around growing people, become a growing person. If you re committed, you attract others who are committed. If you re growing, you attract others who are growing. This puts you in a position to begin building a community of like-minded people who can help one another succeed. A stitch in time saves nine Make hay while the sun shines Birds of a feather flock together Too many cooks spoil the broth Nothing ventured, nothing gained financial reward peer group pressure creative visualization positive reinforcement formal speech listening 36. According to The Book of Lists, 54 percent of adults rate the fear of public speaking ahead of the fear of death. But Toastmasters International had a solution. They created a system based on what psychologists call systematic desensitization. Once a week, at a luncheon or dinner meeting, small groups of Toastmasters come together. Each person is required to stand up and give a short talk on a specified subject in front of a group of his peers. At the end of each talk, the speaker receives applause and comments from the other members. At the end of the evening, each person is given a grade on their talk, even if it was only for thirty or sixty seconds. After six months of attending Toastmasters meetings, the individual will have stood on his feet and spoken twenty-six times, receiving applause and feedback each time. Because of this continuous, his confidence increases dramatically. *desensitization 37. (A)(B) In setting up a budget you must consider both fixed expenses and variable expenses. Fixed expenses may include such things as house payments or rent, real estate taxes, insurance, and installment payments. The word fixed does not necessarily mean that the costs of these expenses do not change. (A), your rent or your real estate taxes may go up. Rather, fixed expenses are fairly stable from month to month in a year s budget plan. (B), variable expenses include such items as food, clothing, utility bills, medical care, recreation, and gifts. These expenses are usually not the same from month to month, and an estimated percentage of one s income is set aside for them. (A) (B) Furthermore That is For example Similarly Furthermore Nevertheless For example In contrast As a result In other words 54

www.ebsi.co.kr 152~155 38. The average washing machine produces nearly 200 pounds of greenhouse gases a year. If you add hot water production, that s another 275 pounds of emissions. Be sure to choose the cold cycle, and you ll reduce the energy needed to wash your clothes by as much as 90 percent. If you re upgrading, buy a front-loading washing machine, which can use 50 percent less energy and 40 to 75 percent less water than a top-loading machine. To prevent a washing machine from smelling bad, try washing an empty load with hot water and a mixture of baking soda and vinegar. Front loaders also use less detergent, and every 3.5 ounces of detergent can generate nearly 3 pounds of greenhouse gases in the manufacturing process. 39. 40. Sherbets are a refreshing end to any meal, particularly if the courses have been rich or spicy. Serve a wine sherbet as a small course after a rich appetizer or main dish. (A) When ready to serve, remove from freezer, soften slightly and cut into chunks. Process in a food processor until smooth. Serve scoops of sherbet in sherbet glasses. (B) To make the sherbet, you need wine, sugar, lemon juice, crushed berries, and cinnamon powder. In a stainless steel pan, combine the wine, sugar, and cinnamon powder. Bring to a boil. Reduce heat and wait for 5 minutes. (C) Cool the mixture. Add the crushed berries and lemon juice. Pour the mixture into a baking dish and freeze until solid. *food processor (A)(C)(B) (B)(A)(C) (B)(C)(A) (C)(A)(B) (C)(B)(A) You might come up with some by yourself but if you don t, you can get some ideas from looking dirty up in a thesaurus. A dictionary is the main kind of book that tells us about the vocabulary of a language, but it s not the only one. ( ) A thesaurus is another kind of word book, but it does a different job. ( ) A thesaurus brings words together which have a similar meaning. ( ) Imagine you are writing a story about someone who walked through a field and got very dirty. ( ) You could say he or she was dirty, but you want to make your story more interesting, so you rack your brains trying to think of other words with a similar meaning. ( ) There you would find an entry that contains several words that have a similar meaning to dirty, such as muddy or messy. 55

[41~42] 4 A Not long ago I was giving a speech, and every time I made a key point, a man in the second row shook his head as one would when saying no. After a while, it became quite distracting. So I called a break and went over to him to ask if he was simply disagreeing or if he felt my points weren t well argued. Oh, no! he said. I m shaking my head because I can t believe how many times I ve done these things incorrectly. On another occasion, a man in the audience caught my attention because every time I looked in his direction, he was nodding his head up and down as if enthusiastically agreeing with me. It was great positive reinforcement for me as a lecturer, and during the break, I made a point of thanking him for his support. Again he nodded in what I assumed to be appreciation, but did not say much. Later I learned from others that he had Parkinson s disease and his nodding was a symptom of his illness not a reflection of my brilliance. In both instances, I the behavior I observed from the podium. Although no great harm was done, I did unnecessarily clutter my mind with guesses as to how I was being received. I urge you not to make the same mistake. Remember that you will always be more professional as a speaker than the people to whom you are speaking are professional as an audience. *podium **clutter 41. 42. Body Language: A Powerful Tool The Lesson I Learned from My Audience My Secret to Becoming an Active Listener Speaking Style: A Fingerprint of a Speaker Different Levels of Listeners Understanding hated imitated encouraged remembered misunderstood 56

www.ebsi.co.kr 155~156 [43~45] (A) When I met Jeff Lee for the first time, he was a senior at the University of Oklahoma who had not won a college golf tournament since he was on the national championship team as a freshman. (B) I tried to get rid of Jeff s father from his mind. But since there was no way to do that quickly, I coached Jeff on the recovery strategy, with one difference. Every time (a) he marked his ball on the green and picked it up for the putt, I wanted him to channel some anger into the ball squeeze it as hard as he could, first with his left hand, then with his right, shaking out each hand as he finished. Then (b) he was to focus the rest of the energy on making the putt. 43. (A) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (D)(C)(B) *green **putt (C) If he was still furious after the game, he was to try and squeeze the ball all over again. I ll give you a hundred bucks if you break it, I joked. Jeff got the idea. He saw the humor in it, which was part of his therapy, but more important, he found his anger working for him instead of against him. Later that year (c) he won his first college tournament by beating future PGA star Phil Mickelson in a play-off. (D) His coach told me, Jeff is a kid with a lot of talent. But he can t put it into play, because (d) he always loses his temper during the game. I saw this for myself when I observed him anonymously in tournament play. I also saw why: When Jeff crouched down to line up his putt, there on the other side of the flag, in his line of sight, stood his father, arms folded, eyes locked on him. When his son missed the putt, (e) he lost his temper and exploded and so did Jeff. 44. 45. (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Jeff Phil Mickelson 57

5 A 04. Eddy s Grocery Palm Avenue Main Street 01. Rose Avenue Kingston River Man: You can sell it right now. We can t give you a refund on it. Can you tell me where you bought it? Do you think we need to make a tight budget? Let me show you something less expensive, then. Yellow Street Start here 02. Woman: I wouldn t go there if I were you. I m too busy to take a summer vacation. I want to enjoy the beautiful beaches there. I ll drive to Florida instead of taking a plane. I don t have enough money to stay in Florida. 05. 03. Man: The game was canceled. I ll be glad to go with you. I don t want to watch the game. The Dodgers beat the Pirates 6 to 3. I hope the Dodgers will win the game. 06. 58

www.ebsi.co.kr 157~162 07. 10. 08. 11. 09. worried envious relieved satisfied disappointed 12. 59

5 A 13. 17. Plan Name Monthly Cost Free Monthly Minutes Free Monthly Texts Standard 1 $45 350 300 Standard 2 $47 370 350 Deluxe 1 $50 390 300 Deluxe 2 $55 450 350 Premium $60 500 400 14. 15. 5 50 6 10 6 30 6 50 7 10 18. Woman: I was so scared that I got off the bus quickly. I stopped my car and called the police for help. I really had trouble using public transportation. I took out my raincoat and put it on immediately. I went to an auto repair shop and had my tire changed. 19. 16. Borderland State Park Trip 10 10 Fisher s Restaurant 9 1 30 Man: Sure, our team s still in the lead. Yes, we have to cheer for the losing team. No, he watched the baseball game last night. Okay. It s too bad that you can t go with me. Yes, I bought two tickets for the baseball game. 60

www.ebsi.co.kr 162~166 20. Jane Jane: May I use the phone here? Did you see my lunch bag? Which classroom should I go to? Where should I hand in my cell phone? Do you know where the school cafeteria is? 23. I recently conducted a sales motivation seminar for an optical lens manufacturing company. There were about 200 salespeople in attendance. I asked members of the audience to raise their hands if they knew who the top two or three producers in the company were. Almost every hand went up. I then asked them to raise their hands if they had ever approached any of these two or three people to ask them what their secrets of success were. Not one hand went up. What a tragedy this is! We all know the people who are successful, but we are afraid to approach them and ask them for information, direction, and guidance. Don t let the fear of rejection stop you from asking. The worst thing that could happen is that they wouldn t tell you. [21~22] 21. 22. 1 61

5 A 24. 25. Dear Senator Partington: I am writing you about your support for a bill banning deer hunting. You certainly cannot have heard about our problems here on Harte Island. We ve had deer on the island since the 1890s when they were brought over by my great-grandfather. However, neither he nor any subsequent hunter was a particularly good shot. In addition, the herd had extraordinary fecundity. As a result, the last time anyone could grow a garden here without an electric fence was the summer of 1957. And even the electric fences stopped being useful in the early 1980s when the deer learned how to turn them off. I urge you to reconsider your position and help us to reduce the number of deer. Very truly yours, Frederick O Brian *fecundity A group of social scientists conducted a study. They generated names of imaginary companies that were either very easy to pronounce or very difficult to pronounce. They told study participants that these were real companies and asked them to estimate the future stock price of each company. Not only did participants predict that the stock price of easily pronounceable companies would outperform the others, but they also predicted that the latter would go down, while the former would rise. The study revealed that people tend to have a greater affection for names that are easy to pronounce than those that are hard to pronounce and that people would feel more positively toward names that are relatively easy to pronounce. *stock 26. When an engine is very cold it s much harder to start your car, and it requires more battery power. But a battery works by chemical reaction, and the lower the temperature, the slower that chemical reaction is. So on a day when the temperature is twenty degrees Fahrenheit, your battery has to work much harder to turn over the engine, but can actually produce only half the electricity it supplies on a moderate day. In other words, if its reserve capacity isn t at least twice its warm weather starting requirement, you don t have a chance to start your car. What s worse, while the battery is doing all this work, it has to supply the power for a very hot spark at the same time! *reserve capacity 62

www.ebsi.co.kr 166~168 27. Baileytown Children s Park Baileytown Children s Park Welcome to Baileytown Children s Park! We are the largest amusement park in Baileytown. You can enjoy more than 50 rides here. We have five fast food restaurants and seven snack bars. Opening Hours: 9:00 a.m. 6:00 p.m. (Year-round) Admission: 19 60 years $10 3 18 years $7 2 years and under & Free 61 years and over Daily shows are included with admission: Mon. & Tue. Costume Show Wed. & Thur. Animal Circus Fri. & Sat. Magic Show Sun. Clowns Parade * Bicycles and motorbikes are not allowed in the park. * Children under eight will not be admitted without an adult. 61 28. Parents Meeting You are invited to an afternoon of inspiration and hope. Please join us in meeting other wonderful parents of children with diabetes. When: Saturday, August 3, 2013 from 1:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. Where: Scarlet Garden Hotel, Greenville City Please reply by Friday, July 5, 2013 by sending an email to the organizers at parentsmeeting@ goodmail.com. Your reply is required to attend this event. Seating is limited. Include the number of attendees (one or two) along with the names of those attending. A confirmation email of your reserved seat(s) will be sent to you. This is a parent-based event in which the speakers are parents of children with diabetes. No doctors or researchers will be speaking or attending this event. *diabetes 63

5 A 29. Northern Connections Program Northern Connections Program 30. Value of Digital Music Sales in Australia, 2005-2008 This program allows students to complete their initial coursework at one of 20 partner schools before transitioning to Northern University to complete their degree. Requirements Students who accept admission to the program agree to meet the following requirements to successfully join the program: 1. Submit the Northern Connections Program Agreement by May 1. Find the form online at www.admissions.northern.edu/get/forms. 2. Attend the Connections Orientation Program during the summer at Northern. 3. Complete 54 credits within three years at the chosen partner campus. 4. Earn a minimum GPA of 2.0 each term. Note that specific major or program admission requirements may be higher than a 2.0 GPA. For more information Read more online: http://www.connections.northern.edu. The above graph shows the value of digital music sales, especially the value of mobile ringtone sales and that of digital album sales in Australia from 2005 to 2008. In 2005, the value of mobile ringtone sales was more than double the value of digital album sales. In 2006, the value of mobile ringtone sales greatly increased, reaching its peak at 12 million dollars. It gradually decreased after 2006 and stayed under 9 million dollars in 2008. Meanwhile, the value of digital album sales continuously increased after 2005, showing a dramatic increase in 2008. The value of digital album sales was about three times as much as that of mobile ringtone sales in 2008. *GPA (grade point average) 3 54 2.0 2.0 64

www.ebsi.co.kr 168~170 31. (A)(B)(C) During the 1973 baseball season, the New York Mets were in rough shape, (A) struggling / struggled to stay in the middle of the team standings. It was in the midseason when a Mets pitcher shouted, You gotta believe, when the team was behind in the ninth inning. The team became believers and won that game. The cry You gotta believe caught on with the fans (B) while / during the rest of the season. Whenever the Mets were behind, their supporters in the stands convinced the team (C) that / what they could still win the game. You gotta believe! You gotta believe! they would chant. That season the Mets made it to the World Series. (A) (B) (C) struggling while that struggling during what struggling during that struggled while that struggled while what 33. I It s very late when Brian drives me back home. Dad will be furious because it s a school night. I take a deep breath when I let myself in. I wait for Dad to come pounding out into the hall, shouting at me. Nothing happens. I find Mom sitting all by herself in the living room. She s not reading or listening to music. The television isn t on. She s just sitting, staring into space. Mom? She blinks at me as if she can hardly see me. Hello, Ellie, she says in a tiny voice. I say, What s up? Where s Dad? I don t know, says Mom and she suddenly bursts into tears. I sit down beside her and put my arms around her. Mom sobs desperately on my shoulder. I am completely at a loss for what to do. lonely scared sorrowful grateful bored sympathetic nervous confused satisfied disappointed 32. Once you pick out some forms of exercise that sound fun, get the proper equipment. There s nothing worse than using your daughter s little bike if you want to bicycle. The best way to increase the joy of a sport is to use borrowed equipment. A bowling ball with holes spread too far to match your reach will keep you from being invited into the ladies league. Golfing with your husband s golf clubs will slow up the game. If you are borrowing your daughter s bike, your brother s bowling ball, or your husband s clubs, you re telling yourself one thing this activity is temporary. Make it a priority to have the right equipment, and make it belong to you. *golf club 65

5 A [34~36] 34. What is your most valuable asset in business and in life? What is your most valuable asset as an individual? Just as a company s most valuable asset is its, this is your most valuable asset as well. The way people think and talk about you when you are not there is the most important single determinant of how successful you will be in whatever you do. The most successful business people and salespeople are thought of highly and talked about in complimentary terms by other people when they are not present. What do people think and say about you in your absence? Your ability to influence and shape people s perceptions of you in a positive way is a key to the security of your position and your income in today s competitive world. international trades lead to conflicts your reading skills are getting better prices are set by supply and demand labels teach you the importance of resources your mental maps are becoming more detailed vision passion flexibility reputation confidence 35. Combining information from product labels and packaging with your mental maps represents advanced geographic thinking. You can practice this in stores, at school, and at home by reading the labels and packaging on products to find out where the raw materials used to make them came from and who made them. For example, many computers are manufactured in China from European and Japanese components. They carry a U.S.A. label and are packaged in boxes made in Mexico. Most toys are manufactured in China. Much of our clothing is stitched in Mexico, Central America, or Asia. Many books are printed in Singapore. After much practice, you will find it easier to predict which country names will appear on boxes and labels. This is great evidence that. 36. copies you makes fun of you follows other trends says you are not creative encourages you to follow her style When you express yourself whether it is in how you dress or what you write it makes you feel special and unique. When your friend, it may feel like she is trying to take those feelings away. But she is not. The friend admires you and your style and probably wants to see if it is a fit for her. She is paying you a kind of compliment. Instead of getting angry, encourage her to come up with her own unique style by letting her know what you think is special about her. Remember, just because you did something first doesn t mean it s exclusively yours. It just means you are a trendsetter. 66

www.ebsi.co.kr 170~173 37. (A)(B) Some firms have sought success by building a factory and making a product they believe buyers need. (A), these firms frequently fail to attract customers with what they have to offer because they defined their business as making a product rather than as helping potential customers satisfy their needs and wants. For example, when CDs became more popular than vinyl records, turntable manufacturers had an opportunity to develop new products to satisfy customers needs for home entertainment. Companies that did not pursue this opportunity are no longer in business. Such organizations have failed to implement the marketing concept. (B), the growing popularity of MP3 technology has enabled some firms to develop MP3 players to satisfy consumers desire to store customized music libraries. Instead of buying CDs, a consumer can download a song for 99 cents from online music stores. *vinyl record 38. The most noticeable effects of human activity on the weather are to be found in built-up areas. Large cities are usually warmer than the surrounding countryside. This heat island effect interferes with the free exchange of heat and moisture, and greatly affects the wind. During the day, the concrete jungle absorbs heat from the Sun, which it re-radiates slowly later, acting rather like a giant storage heater. The giant heater, however, cools down so rapidly that the temperature in the concrete jungle falls down quickly as well. Cities are thus significantly warmer than surrounding districts, often by as much as 5 degrees centigrade. This is why both fogs and frosts are less frequent in cities. (A) (B) However Likewise However Nevertheless In addition For example Therefore Likewise Therefore For example 67

39. 5 A 40. Those who haven t mastered this technique must force the camel on all fours. The Arabians have called the camel the ship of the desert. True, this beast is the most common transportation across a seemingly endless sea of dust and sand, but that s not the reason for the name. ( ) Camels are called ships because they sway back and forth beneath their riders. ( ) To the people with no experience, this endless wobbling can cause nausea, much like the swaying of a boat beneath ocean swells. ( ) Most Arabians mount a camel by bending its neck toward the ground, using it as a foothold, and then swinging up into the saddle. ( ) This demands experience in handling camels as well as acrobatic talent. ( ) And then they must quickly climb onto the beast. *wobbling Willie was the kind of guy who got along with everyone. An A student, he had a college scholarship waiting for him, and his future seemed altogether promising until his head collided with the dashboard when his car accidentally hit a guardrail. (A) In the months that followed, however, Willie found that the minor head injury was giving him a hard time. Normally a friendly person, he found himself suddenly losing his temper at the smallest things. (B) His head hit the windshield very hard, and this time he had to be sent to an emergency room. After examining Willie, the doctor told him he had nothing to worry about; he had only a minor head injury. (C) Although Willie felt dazed, he seemed to be okay by the next day. Three months later he got into another accident when he tried to avoid hitting a dog that had run out into the street. *dashboard **dazed (A)(C)(B) (B)(A)(C) (B)(C)(A) (C)(A)(B) (C)(B)(A) 68

www.ebsi.co.kr 173~174 [41~42] Networks were once thought to be television stations like ABC or CNN until business networks were introduced. A business network is an organized collection of personal contacts that you can rely on when you need help or information. Networking is a technique in which you connect people you know with people they don t know and they do the same for you. I ll show you mine if you show me yours is one of the hidden rules of networking. Your network will help you in some aspect of your promotional campaign. You may meet a person who at the outset may not have a direct fit into your plan, but your intuition tells you this person is worth knowing. That s reason enough to. You do that by not asking, What can they do for me today? The proper network technique to use is the reverse question where you ask, What can I do for this person today? If you turn it around and consistently put other people ahead of what you want from them, you ll develop strong relationships that even Superman can t break apart. 41. 42. Networking in Business How Networks Have Evolved Social Functions of a Company Limitations of Social Networking Networking and Telecommunications be more creative build the relationship get culturally connected become a generous person achieve your long-term goals 69

[43~45] www.ebsi.co.kr 5 174~175 (A) Emily considered it a particular joy to be allowed sometimes to take a walk with a lady, who lived nearby. On one of those clear, fine afternoons in the latter end of October, this lady invited Emily to take a walk with (a) her ; it was an unfortunate moment for such a proposal. Emily had an appointment to meet her music teacher. 43. (A) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (D)(C)(B) (B) Can t you just tell him that I cannot come? I had a lesson yesterday, and I don t think I ll gain much this afternoon. The weather is so delightful, and I feel so inclined to walk. I hope you ll allow me to go this once. (b) Her mother gave a look of disapproval; poor Emily found it difficult to obey cheerfully. Her mother told her that (c) she must comply without hesitation. (C) For an instant Emily forgot this appointment, and she ran to her mother for permission to accompany (d) her friend. I d like to let you go out for a walk, but don t you remember that you have promised to meet Mr. Groves? You re supposed to learn a violin duet with one of his other students. (D) She reflected for a few moments. Then without a word (e) she did what she was told and undoubtedly felt good about doing the right thing. Doing what you have to do and what you want to do are often two different things. You should do what you have to do first before you do what you want to do. Fulfilling your obligations leads to true happiness; doing what your heart desires leads to the path of foolishness. 44. 45. (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Emily 2 70

6 A 04. 01. Man: Good. I ll email the file to you. Okay, put them on. I ll turn on the TV. I think so. The glasses look good on you. I m sorry. I ll buy you new glasses soon. You re right. Push the button to turn it off. Information Desk Start here 02. Woman: It ll only take twenty minutes. You only have five more minutes. There s no need to worry about me. If you don t hurry up, you ll be late. You can find it easily in the supermarket. 05. 03. Man: Sorry. That won t happen again. I think it s time to change your job. You need to balance work and family. Sure. I think I can help you find a job. The work is good and the people are so kind. 06. 71

6 A 07. 10. 08. 11. 09. 12. 72

www.ebsi.co.kr 178~184 13. 17. Oriental Yoga Weekly Evening (7 p.m. 8 p.m.) Schedule Course Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. Fri. A B C D E 14. 15. $160 $180 $200 $220 $240 18. Woman: Why don t we get a pet for our child? I mean we should visit your parents often. Are you saying we should buy them a pet? I m so sorry to hear that you don t like pets. Can you give me some advice on how to raise a pet? 19. 16. Locarno Film Festival 8 Golden Leopard Man: I m sorry, but the lecture has been canceled. Didn t you promise you d come to the lecture? I don t think I have to tell you about my family. How did you come up with the idea of writing a book? Sounds like you re really looking forward to meeting him. 73

6 A 20. Jake Tom Jake: Calm down! You can become a dentist. Go see a doctor first. I ll tell Mr. Hudson later. Come on! You have to report it to Mr. Hudson. Don t be upset! Conflicts can happen among friends. No way! You can t skip class without a special reason. [21~22] 21. 23. I think that one of the most important responsibilities of the educational system is to teach students how to discuss controversial issues in a free society. How can that happen if school administrators won t even allow certain issues to be mentioned? Some administrators say that they are trying to protect students from inappropriate and controversial subject matter. The fact is, though, that censoring stories in the school newspaper does not protect students from inappropriate information. It just makes that information harder to get. Student editors and writers have a responsibility to discuss issues that their readers are concerned about and need to know. If there is a bully problem in the school, for example, the student newspaper should be able to confront it openly. Not bringing the problem to students attention will not make it go away. It will only make students lose respect for the publication. 22. 74

www.ebsi.co.kr 184~187 24. 25. Dear Mr. Pottenger: Every summer we run a series of soccer clinics at our college for coaches of high school soccer teams. When they arrive we like to give each attendee a clipboard or folder that contains the week s agenda. A colleague showed me a catalog featuring your Abundant Series of folders that also act as clipboards. The catalog price was $12 for each folder. We would be ordering at least 75 of these at once. Do you offer a volume discount for bulk orders? I d also be interested in how much the unit price would be on additional orders of 10 or more folders. Please send me the pricing information and any other relevant material. Sincerely, Paul Larson Program Director When a patient in a mental hospital says to you, I want to go home, you don t necessarily take it seriously or try to help her get the paperwork and permissions completed. However, when a college student is talking about going home for the holidays, you feel supportive and offer encouragement. When a manager wants to go home after a long day of work, you know that the trip is short and that he will be back the following day. When a psychologist talks to you about going home mentally to heal childhood wounds, you may begin a new thought process that lasts for years. Meaning doesn t come from words. Meaning depends on who says the words to whom, when, and for what purpose. The more common the word, the more meanings it probably has. 26. What entrepreneurial leaders have in common is a burning desire to build something worthwhile. They have an intense energy that seeks new answers, a drive and dedication that propels them toward their goals. They are not put off by obstacles, competitors, or the doubts of naysayers. In their heart, they know they can achieve their dreams. But such passionate self-confidence is for nothing if the purpose of the enterprise is not worthwhile. When I first began studying entrepreneurship in the 1960s, the catchphrase was, Find a need and fill it. Those words are still the best description of how to dream up enterprises that are likely to succeed. Successful enterprises consistently and continuously serve people and adapt to the changing needs and desires of their customers or clients. *naysayer **entrepreneurship The Key to Successful Entrepreneurship Build Something Worthwhile While Young The Effect of Leadership Style on Enterprises A Burning Desire to Be an Entrepreneurial Leader Self-Confidence: A Quality That Can Be Developed 75

6 A 27. 2013 Stargazers Camp 2013 Stargazers Camp July 1 to July 5 For five days, children can experience the fascinating world of space science at the Sky Park Observatory! Camp Age Time (daily) Description Beginner 6 7 Intermediate 8 10 Advanced 11 13 8:00 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 8:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m. 8:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m. Children begin to learn the characteristics of different planets and moons. Children learn more about stargazing and space. Children have special access to demonstrations, experiments and a field trip. COST Half-day (8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.): $90.00 per child Full-day (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.): $110.00 per child REGISTRATION Registration begins Saturday, June 8 at 9 a.m. The required forms will become available on our web page on June 1. 2 Sky Park 6 1 28. Willmar Swim Team Join Willmar Swim Team! If your children are interested in swimming and want to compete in the Central Swim Competition, our team is just right for them. Applicants must be able to swim a 25-yard freestyle. All members must compete in the Central Swim Competition. A parent must attend the parent meeting on Wednesday, May 8, 6:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. at the Willmar Pool meeting room. Ages: 10 & up Training Schedule: May 13 May 31: 6:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. at Thomas High School Pool June 3 June 27: 10:30 a.m. 12:30 p.m. at Willmar Pool *Training days are Mondays through Saturdays. Fee: $60 (The price includes the Central Swim Competition entry fee.) Registration: March 25 May 3 25 Central 5 86 Central 76

www.ebsi.co.kr 187~189 29. BECOME A MEMBER OF WILD NATURE MAGAZINE Don t miss the opportunity to get a membership for Wild Nature at $100. If you get a membership, you can: Receive a free world map sent direct to your door. Have free access to all contents on our website at www.wildnature.com for one year. Get a 20% discount on books published by us. Get a 10% discount on our other magazines, like Kids Wild. Take free online classes on our sister website at www.wildnatureclass.com in over 100 subjects such as photography, natural history, political geography, environment, etc. (only available for one year) If you have further questions about membership benefits, please call us (321-4563) or visit our website. 20% Kids Wild 10% 30. Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Over The above graph shows the percentage of the total population aged 65 and over in five areas. The general trend in all five areas is that the percentage of people aged 65 and over is expected to increase in 2025 and 2050. Among the five areas, Europe had the highest percentage of total population aged 65 and over in 2000, and is expected to have the highest percentage in 2025 and 2050, too. North America followed Europe with the second highest percentage of total population aged 65 and over in 2000. Latin America and Asia had almost the same percentage in 2000, but Latin America is expected to have a slightly higher percentage than Asia in 2025 and the gap is projected to decrease in 2050. Sub-Saharan Africa had the smallest population proportion aged 65 and over in 2000, and is also expected to have the smallest percentage in 2025 and 2050. 77

31. 6 A (A)(B)(C) 32. (A)(B)(C) Look at yourself in pictures or on video. Do you like or reject (A) that / what you see? Videos are a way to view ourselves as others do. Let someone videotape you doing several different activities. Let that person tape you in sitting, standing and moving activities. Now sit down and watch. You can analyze your activities. Watching your natural posture might give you clues to ways you can correct how you hold (B) you / yourself. Often, simply remembering to sit up straight during the day, with your head high and your shoulders back, is all you need to do to look, and feel, more (C) energetic / energetically. Looking at yourself honestly is the best way to make effective, necessary changes. (A) (B) (C) that you energetic that yourself energetically what you energetic what yourself energetic what yourself energetically Consider an old story about Eastman Kodak Company. After a massive reorganization, a small division was unintentionally left without a leader and without any reporting lines to headquarters. No one in the division seemed to mind. They just (A) continued / discontinued to do their work, effectively and efficiently, for months. In fact, the top executives at Kodak forgot that they even existed. It took a note to headquarters from a happy customer, thanking the group for their excellent work, before the board of directors (B) denied / realized that this entire division had been lost and left on its own. The beauty of this situation, of course, is that the people in this division knew their jobs and did them they (C) filled / generated the vacuum, and they acted as if they had never needed a leader. They did just fine on their own. *board of directors (A) (B) (C) continued denied filled continued realized filled continued realized generated discontinued denied generated discontinued realized generated 78

www.ebsi.co.kr 189~191 33. The next morning we had our first snowfall of the school year. There were two inches of white fluffy stuff all over the ground, parked cars, rooftops, tree branches, and the school! Let s make snowballs, I said happily. Yeah! Harry agreed. We joyfully sank to our knees in a snowbank near the school ramp and started making them. Pack them down good, Harry said. We made a dozen snowballs in no time. Then we made a second pile. TWO DOZEN! I shouted loudly. So, who s our first target? Just then a man was coming up the street. Our hearts started to pound. He was walking fast, so we didn t have a lot of time. Ready to fire? Harry shouted anxiously. With my eyes open wide, I held my arm in the air. Ready! pity caution patience curiosity confidence calm scary boring gloomy exciting 35. [34~36] 34. Finding yourself in the same room with a wild animal can create a state of panic. While they can seem somewhat scary, most wild animals are harmless. However, this doesn t mean you should relax your guard around any animal that has entered your home. There s a chance the animal could be ill, and some wild animals can carry diseases that you are better off not being exposed to. Always approach them with. If you see a nocturnal animal a raccoon, opossum, or skunk during the daytime, definitely avoid direct touch. There s a strong chance of these night-time-loving animals being sick or injured. *nocturnal Although he was someone so used to being on the public platform, my client admitted to suffering from constant attacks of nerves. One of the reasons for this became quickly apparent: he was large and heavily overweight, yet he continued to try to squeeze himself into a suit that had obviously fitted him in his leaner youth. This, and the fact that his collar size was an inch or so smaller than his neck, made him look unrelaxed, hot, sweaty and bursting out all over. He could scarcely fasten his jacket and when that button eventually popped open, the shirt beneath it also strained to bursting point over his rather fat figure. I gently pointed out that all this could be solved at a stroke by. gaining some weight practicing his speech buying a much larger suit repeating breathing in and out choosing a much thicker jacket 79

36. 6 A 37. (A)(B) Understand that the world is not necessarily as you perceive it. Everyone has filters and only by acknowledging them can you begin to get a clearer picture. Even in a close relationship the same simple act can be viewed differently. A man will see taking out the trash as a duty, while his wife, because she finds it distasteful, will perceive it as a small act of love. Try to cultivate a more mindful attitude, make new categories and connections, appreciate that your views might be prejudices. Most importantly, make sure that the perceptions you do retain or adopt. Otherwise, any actions you take based on your beliefs will be on shaky ground. are focused on your group s goals are a prerequisite for close relationships will be your absolute criterion of action have a positive effect on your performance are grounded in verifiable fact, can be tested Dr. Urie Bronfenbrenner, an authority on child development, was asked during a U.S. Senate hearing to indicate the most critical years in a child s development. He knew the senators expected him to emphasize the importance of preschool experience. (A), Bronfenbrenner said he had never been able to validate that assumption. He agreed that the preschool years are vital, but so is every other phase of childhood. In fact, he told the Senate committee that the middle school years are probably the most critical to the development of a child s mental health. It is during this period of self-doubt that the personality is often assaulted and damaged beyond repair. (B), Bronfenbrenner said, it is not unusual for students to enter middle school as happy, healthy children and then emerge about two years later as broken and discouraged teenagers. (A) (B) In addition Consequently In addition For example However Otherwise However Consequently In other words For example 80

www.ebsi.co.kr 191~194 38. Going over a piece of information several times does increase the likelihood of remembering it. The major problem with this technique is that it doesn t require you to understand what you are learning. If the memorized information is not well understood, it will not become connected to existing knowledge (concepts) and, therefore, will be harder to get back later on. This explains why material memorized by rote is often forgotten if it is not rehearsed frequently. Although it doesn t lead to a full understanding, the rote-learning can help students learn language rules. The perfect example is a student who crams information just before an exam, but doesn t remember much of it a few months later. watercourse. ( ) Nor was there any sidewalk; pedestrians could only keep as far as possible from the middle of the road, but were always liable to be splashed by the passage of animals and vehicles. ( ) Conditions were made worse by the widespread practice of disposing of household waste by throwing it into the street. *gutter *rote **cram 40. When my son was about four, I once asked him to do something for me. But he didn t want to do it. 39. They were usually made to slope, not, as is the practice today, toward a gutter on each side, but toward the middle. The streets of medieval towns sadly fell far short of the standards set by the Romans. They were not always paved, though occasionally one finds in medieval records a note of the payment for some kind of stone surface. ( ) Most of them, however, were at best given an occasional dressing of sand or ash. ( ) Water was thus kept away from the buildings which lined the streets on each side. ( ) In this way, after heavy rain a street might be turned into a miniature (A) I declined his request, saying he had had too many sweets already that day. With no hesitation, he said, Didn t I do something for Daddy last week? I had to give him some ice cream, although we negotiated over the amount. (B) The result: he did what I asked him to do. I had linked our current negotiation to a past negotiation and, by implication, to future negotiations. About a week later, my son asked me for some ice cream again. (C) So I said, Didn t Daddy buy you ice cream last week? He nodded yes. I said, If Daddy bought you ice cream last week, isn t it only right for you to do something for Daddy now? (A)(C)(B) (B)(A)(C) (B)(C)(A) (C)(A)(B) (C)(B)(A) 81

[41~42] 6 A An age-old Zen story tells of the professor who considered himself an expert on all subjects, from history to mathematics. Yet because he knew nothing about Zen, he decided to add that to his scholarly repertoire. One day he went to visit Nan-in, a Zen master who lived in a small cottage just outside the town. The master invited him in and, as was the custom, served tea. He filled the professor s cup to the top, and then kept pouring. The tea overflowed the cup, poured onto the table, and trickled to the floor. The professor watched until he could no longer hold back. The cup is full! No more will go in! Exactly! said Nan-in. Your mind is like this cup. It is so full of your ideas and opinions that there is no room for me to show you Zen! I found in my interviews with vital, growing people that all of them are passionately curious, full of childlike excitement, delight, and wonder. Their mental antennae continually rotate listening, searching, discovering new mysteries of life. Rich, my friend and a professor, said, I ve read enough of the great thinkers to know they re all grappling with truth, and no one has found the answer. So it s all a journey. People like that don t get old. They keep right on as long as they live. *Zen **grapple with 41. 42. Face Your Fear with Confidence Be Satisfied with What You Have Knowledge: The Base for Your Growth Don t Give Up Your Childhood Dreams To Develop, You Must Be Open-Minded hiding their secrets learning and growing avoiding and denying sticking to their opinions letting their cups overflow 82

www.ebsi.co.kr 194~195 [43~45] (A) One day a fisherman catches a large fish that talks. The fish asks the fisherman to let him go because (a) he is really an enchanted prince. The fisherman complies with the request and returns home emptyhanded telling his wife that although he has no fish, he did catch and release a large fish that was really an enchanted prince. 43. (A) (B)(D)(C) (C)(B)(D) (C)(D)(B) (D)(B)(C) (D)(C)(B) (B) But the wife soon tires of their little cottage and sends her husband back to the sea to ask the fish for a large stone castle. Reluctantly, the fisherman agrees and (b) his wife s wish is granted. Once again the wife becomes dissatisfied and asks for more. She gets her castle and becomes queen, then gets a palace and becomes empress. (C) Yet again, the wife sends her husband back to the sea to ask the fish to make her ruler over the sun and the moon. The enchanted prince is finally fed up with the wife s greed and tells the fisherman to return home, where (c) he will find his wife in their old hut. (D) His wife persuades the fisherman to return to the sea and ask the fish to grant (d) him a wish in return for his kindness. The fisherman asks the fish to grant his wife s wish, which is to turn their small hut into a little cottage. The fish tells (e) him to return home; the wish has already been granted. 44. 45. (a)~(e) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 83

EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM