`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 1 600DPI 95LPI (-) (+) }
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 2 600DPI 95LPI L- 1s K- : () () 2p : 1s 2s 2p (O) (N) :O (Na) (l)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 3 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 4 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 5 600DPI 95LPI Na + l
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 6 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 7 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:27 AM ` 8 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 9 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 10 600DPI 95LPI...
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 11 600DPI 95LPI Nal() 2 O()
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 12 600DPI 95LPI () - ( ) () () () ( )
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 13 600DPI 95LPI ()
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 14 600DPI 95LPI p.
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 15 600DPI 95LPI (R) Arginine(Arg) 2 N () istidine(is) (K) Lysine(Lys) 3 N + (D) Aspartic acid(asp) + N 2 N N O - O 2 + N 2 2 OO - 2 2 2 2 2 2 OO - N 3 + N 3 + N 3 + OO - N 3 + OO - () ystenine(ys) (G) Glycine(Gly) (P) Proline(Pro) (A) Alanine(Ala) S 2 2 2 3 N 3 + 2 N 2 + N 3 + OO - OO - OO - OO - (E) Glutamic acid(glu) O - O 2 2 OO - N 3 + (I) Isoleucine(Ile) 3 N 3 + 2 3 OO - N 3 + (N) Asparagine(Asn) (Q) Glutamine(Gln) (S) Serine(Ser) O 2 OO - N 2 N 3 + O 2 2 N 2 O 2 OO - N 3 + OO - (L) Leucine(Leu) (M) Methionine(Met) (F) Phenylalanine(Phe) 3 3 OO - + N 3 3 S 2 2 OO - N 3 + 2 OO - N 3 + (T) Threonine(Thr) (Y) Tyrosine(Tyr) 3 O O N 3 + OO - N 3 + 2 OO - (W) Tryptophan(Trp) (V) Valine(Val) 3 N 2 OO - OO - N 3 + N 3 + 3 N 3 +
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 16 600DPI 95LPI 3 3 3 3 2 3 O N N + N O - (Ile) (Ala) (Val) 2O Arg Pro Asp Phe Met Ile Ala Val O O - O N N O N N O N O O N O N O N O O N O N O N N N O N O O O N N O N O N N N N N O O O N - - O O
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 17 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 18 600DPI 95LPI :-S-S-
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 19 600DPI 95LPI S S N 2 + N 3 - O O 3 3 2 2 3 3 - O O O - OO -
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 20 600DPI 95LPI D- D- D- D- D- D- D-
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 21 600DPI 95LPI ( 6 12 O 6 ) ( 6 12 O 6 ) ( 6 12 O 6 ) -D- -D- -D-
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 22 600DPI 95LPI -D- -D- -D- -D-
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 23 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 24 600DPI 95LPI (16) (14) (14)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 25 600DPI 95LPI -D- -D--6 N-
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 26 600DPI 95LPI ytosine() Thymine(T) Uracil(U) Adenine(A) Guanine(G) () () (5)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 27 600DPI 95LPI 3 O - 2 O P O O - O O () O - O P O 2 O - O O N N O (T) N N O () O N N N N N N (A) O N N N N N (G) O O 2 O O 2 O O O - P O O - O - P O O - 5() Adenine Guanine Thymine ytosine
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 28 600DPI 95LPI ATP
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 29 600DPI 95LPI ()
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 30 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 31 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 32 600DPI 95LPI
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 33 600DPI 95LPI 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 34 600DPI 95LPI (O) 8 65 (N) 7 3 () 6 18 (a) 20 2 () 1 10 (P) 15 1 * (by weight) : (K), (S), (Na), (l), (Mg), (Fe), (u), (Mn), (I)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 35 600DPI 95LPI p 1 1 n 1 0 e 1/1840 1 (0.00054)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 36 600DPI 95LPI 3 12.3 LS 6mm 14 5730-24cm, 1cm 35 S 87.4-30cm, 1cm 32 P 14.3-7.2m, 1cm 125 I 60.0 - >10m, 0.25mm 131 I, 8.1 -, - >10m, 13mm
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 37 600DPI 95LPI (W.K. Röntgen) X- 1901 (M. urie & P. urie) 1903 (G. von evesy) 1943 (R. Schoenheimer) 15 N - (G.T. Seaborg) 1951 (M. alvin) 14-1961 (M. Perutz and J. Kendrew) 1962 (A. ershey) 35 S/ 32 P DNA 1969 (J. Watson and F. rick) DNA 1962 (M. Meselson and F. Stahl) 15 N-DNA - (J. airns) / - (D.M. odgkin) 1964 (K.E. Bloch and F.F.K. Lynen) 14-1964 (R. Yalow) RIA 1977 (P. Berg) DNA 1980 (F. Sanger and W. Gilbert) 1980 (K. Mullis) PR 1993
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 38 600DPI 95LPI (hydroxyl) R-O 2 5 O (), O O 2 4 O (), (aldehyde) R O (keto) R 3 O 3 (), > O R O R-OO 3 OO,, (carboxyl), OO (amino) R-N 2 3 N 2,, N 2, (phosphate) O 3 5 O 4 PO 3,, 2 OPO 3 R-O-P-O O S-R-S S 2 2 O (sulfhydryl) S (methyl) R- 3 4, 3
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 39 600DPI 95LPI (50110) (37) (37) (12) (1)
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 40 600DPI 95LPI 10 0 0 1 10 1 1 (1.03.0) 10 2 2 10 3 3,, 10 4 4 10 5 5, 10 6 6 (6.5), (57), (6.57.4) 10 7 7, (7.37.5) 10 8 8 (7.48.0), (7.88.3) 10 9 9, 10 10 10 (Milk of Magnesia), 10 11 11 10 12 12 (Na 2 O 3 ) 10 13 13 10 14 14 1
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 41 600DPI 95LPI 70, () 15,, 20 3, 1020 7 4 2,,, 12 1, 1 Na, K, l, Mg, PO 3 4, Fe, u, Zn
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 42 600DPI 95LPI,,, ( ),, ( ),,, ( ) ( ) ()
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 43 600DPI 95LPI 5,,,, 3(mRNA, rrna, trna) 1(DNA),,
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 44 600DPI 95LPI (lauric acid) 3 ( 2 ) 10 OO 12:0 44 (myristic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 12 OO 14:0 59 (palmitic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 14 OO 16:0 63 (stearic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 16 OO 18:0 70 (acrachidic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 18 OO 20:0 75 (lignoceric acid) 3 ( 2 ) 22 OO 24:0 84 (palmitoleic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 5 =( 2 ) 7 OO 16:1 9 0 (oleic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 7 =( 2 ) 7 OO 18:1 9 13 (linoleic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 4 (= 2 ) 2 ( 2 ) 6 OO 18:2 9,12 5 (linolenic acid) 3 2 (= 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 6 OO 18:3 9,12,15 12 (arachidonic acid) 3 ( 2 ) 4 (= 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) 2 OO 20:4 5,8,11,14 50
`ƒ1 2003.12.31 3:28 AM ` 45 600DPI 95LPI A() retinol,, D() calciferol a 2,, E() tocopherol, K() phylloquinone B 1 () thiamine B 2 () riboflavin, FMN, FAD () B 5 () pantothenic acid, oa, B 6 () pyridoxine, B 12 () cobalamin () ascorbic arid niacin, NAD, NADP, biotin, folic acid