Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof 1 2 3 40 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

Original Article Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49 ISSN 1226-7503 Copyright c 2013 Korean Association of Psychoanalysis Analytical Interpretation of Drama and Cinema Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Based on The Original Play by Tennessee Williams Eyong Kim Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Tennessee Williams 원작에 근거한 뜨거운 양철지붕 위의 고양이 희곡과 영화의 분석적 해석 김 이 영 성균관대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실 Four different version of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (three stage drama and one movie) based on original play by Tennessee Williams are analyzed. Two versions ( Cat, No. 1 and 1974 Version ) were written solely by Williams himself, but other versions ( Cat, Broadway Version and Cinema ) were changed to very different drama in point of view of drama s main theme. In Cat No. 1 version the playwright tried to reveal the theme of homosexuality in his play and he also pretend to assert that the homosexuality was a kind of pure and real lifestyle of humankind. And in his play, he wanted to declare that homophobia was a kind of malignant mendacity. The author speculated that Williams had another purpose of coming out of his own homosexual life in public. But by Elia Kazan and Richard Brooks, theme of homosexuality was diluted or/and deleted during stage presentation and screenwriting. Furthermore, cinema Cat on a Hot Tin Roof became almost completely different drama from Williams original play in a viewpoint of homosexuality theme. Williams called the play Cat tragedy, but cinema Cat is happy ending drama. Thus they are not same drama even though they have same title, are they? Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49 KEY WORDS: Tennessee Williams Homosexuality Greed Mendacity Death. Received: March 19, 2013 Revised: April 14, 2013 Accepted: April 22, 2013 Address for correspondence: Eyong Kim, MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea Tel: +82-2-3410-3583, Fax: +82-2-3410-6957, E-mail: ey10kim@gmail.com - - - - www.freud.or.kr 39

Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof 1 2 3 40 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

E Kim 제3막-뜨거운 양철지붕 위의 고양이 1번 제3막-브로드웨이 판 제3막-1974년 판 영화의 줄거리 www.freud.or.kr 41

Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof 왕할아버지: 여기서 나는 냄새가 뭐지? 너도 느꼈니, 브릭? 역겨운 가식의 냄새가 가득 찬 것을 느꼈니? 브릭: 저도 느꼈어요. 왕할아버지: 가식의 냄새만큼 강한 것은 없지! 구퍼 너도 느 꼈니? 구퍼: 뭘요? 왕할아버지: 너는 어떠냐, 매에? 이 역겨운 가식의 냄새가 나는 거 못 느꼈니? 매에: 전 그게 뭔지도 모르는 걸요! 왕할아버지: 맡아 봐, 죽음의 냄새 같은 거야. 작품의 흐름이 바뀌는 모습 - - 42 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

E Kim 탐욕과 허위 왕할아버지: 죽기 전에 내 농장을 둘러보고 싶다. 그 땅과 그 위에 있는 사람들을! (중략) 아이다, 당신도 같이 가겠어? 슬픔에 잠겨 훌쩍이던 왕할머니가 생전 처음 남편의 다정스 런 말에 감격해서 따라 나선다. www.freud.or.kr 43

Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof 죽 음 - - 동성애 44 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

www.freud.or.kr 45 E Kim - - - -

Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof -? - - - 46 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

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Analytical Interpretation of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof 나오는 사람들의 정신역동과 작자의 정신역동 48 Psychoanalysis 2013;24:39-49

E Kim Conflicts of Interest The author has no financial conflicts of interest. REFERENCES All Movie Guide (AMG). http://allmovie.com. Cho DY. A Psychoanalytic Study on the Works of Chang-Sup Sohn. Seoul: Seoul National University Press;2004. p.v. Cho DY. Psychoanalysis and Korean Literature. Seoul:Ilchokak;1999. p.311. Colarusso CA. Death, rejuvenation and immortality in film: On Golden Pond (1981), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958) and Cocoon (1985). Am J Psychoanal 2011;71:146-161. Davis DA. Make the Lie True : The Tragic Family in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and King Lear. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 2002;5:1-11. Greenacre P. Play in Relation to Creative Imagination. Psychoanal St Child 1959;14:61-80. Greenacre P. The Childhood of the Artist-Libidinal Phase Development and Giftedness. Psychoanal St Child 1957;12:47-72. Gregg J. Kazan and Cat. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 2011;12. Ha J. A Psychodynamic Exploration of Creativity of Steven Spielberg- Focused in Recent 3 Movies. Korean Psychoanal Soc 2003;14:105-115. Internet Encyclopedia Britanica. http://www.imdb.com. Internet Movie Database (IMDb). http://www.imdb.com. Kanzer M. Freud on Broadway. A History of Psychoanalysis and the American Drama: By W. David Sievers. New York: Hermitage House, Inc.;1955. p.479. Psychoanal Q 1956;25:100-101. Lee GS. Gumiyonguksango. Seoul: Eulyoo Publishing Co;1970. p.58-66. Nicolay C. Hoboes, Sissis, and Breeders: Generation of Discontent in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 2011;12. Palmer RB. Elia Kazan and Richard Brooks do Tennessee Williams: Melodramatizing Cat on a Hot Tin Roof on Stage and Screen. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 1999;2:1-11. Saddik A (Moderater). Out of the Closet, Onto the Page: A Discussion of Williams s Public Coming out on The David Frost Show in 1970 and His Confessional Writing of the 70s. Tennessee Williams Scholars Conference Panel Report. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 2011;12. Shackelford D. The Truth That Must Be Told: Gay Subjectivity, Homophobia, and Social History in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. Tennessee Williams Annual Review 1988;1:103-118. Shin SW. O Neill:the pioneer of contemporary American play. Seoul: Moonji Publishing Co;1988. p.107-131 (Korean). Silvio JR. A Streetcar Named Desire--psychoanalytic perspectives. J Am Acad Psychoanal 2002;30:135-144; discussion 145-147. Weissman P. Conscious and unconscious autobiographical dramas of Eugene O Neill. J Am Psychoanal Assoc 1957;5:432-460. Weissman P. Psychopathological Characters in Current Dram: A Study of a Trio od Heroines. American Imago 1960;27:271-288. Williams T. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. The Theatre of Tennessee Williams, Vol. 3. New York: New Directions Books;1971. Williams T. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. translated by Kim SI. Seoul: Minumsa;2010 (Korean). Williams T. Grass Menagerie. Six Modern American Plays. New York: The Modern Library;1951. www.freud.or.kr 49