Properties of Deposits and Geomorphic Formative Ages on Marine Terraces in Gwangyang Bay, South Sea of Korea Gwang-Ryul Lee* and Chung-Sun Park** OSL 3 1 10 13m OSL MIS 5a 0.141m/ka 2 18~22m MIS 5e 3 27~32m MIS 7 : Abstract In order to analyze synthetically geomorphological processes of marine terrace in Korea, this study deals with the distribution of marine terraces, stratification of sedimentary layers, physicochemical properties of deposits, and formative ages of marine terraces based on OSL(Optically Stimulated Luminescence) absolute age at coastal area of Gwangyang Bay in central part of the South Coast. As a result of comparison with physicochemical properties on diverse geomorphic materials, there is not enough distinction in them, because of recycling and mixing of materials at Gwangyang Bay having a geomorphic closure. In Gwangyang bay coast, marine terraces are discovered at least 3 levels and have a small area. Formative age of 1st Terrace, as the lowest level ranging in 10~13m above the sea level, is estimated at MIS(Marine Isotope Oxygen Stage) 5a, based on OSL age dating and properties of deposits. Uplifting rate is calculated at 0.141m/ka in Gwangyang bay coast. For application to this rate, 2nd terrace(18~22m) is estimated at MIS 5e, 3rd terrace(27~32m) is latter part of MIS 7. Consequently, we might conclude that uplifting and geomorphic process of marine terrace in South Coast is similar to East Coast during the Late Pleistocene in Korea. : Gwangyang bay, marine terrace in South Coast, formative age of marine terrace, uplifting rate, major element and rare earth element analyses Researcher, Institute of Education for National Unification, Korea National University of Education georiver@khu.ac.kr Master, Department of Geography, Kyung-Hee University 346
4 1970 1973 1977 1978 1980 1980a 1980b 1983 Lee 1987 Chang 1987 1992 1993 1995a 1995b 1996a 1996b 1996 2000 2002 2003 2003 2003 2005 20 30 4 4 4 1 10km -1m tidal flat 1987 1924 1973 1 5m 30 40m 1987 2002 1996 kaolinite chlorite illite smectite 1996 2003 500m 1970 1973 200km 2 2000 145km 2 2002 2002 256 8km 62 1 2003 347
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km km km 31 7 41 2 45 1 58 8 76 8 0 03 0 9 3 2 99 2 3 2 15 3 16 3 78 7 83 7 94 0 24 8 60 2 16 4 39 8 41 3 25 6 61 7 15 9 38 3 41 5 97 5 38 0 159 3 62 0 256 8 1 25 000 1 5 000 magnetic susceptibility ZH SM30 2002 2004 ph X XRF ICP-MS sand granule sieve mud Stokes U Folk and Ward 100 24 550 4 ph 1 5 PHC-200 ph Munsell dry moisture Taylor Taylor 2001 rubification melanization Rubification=10[(hue X+value X+chroma X)dry+(hue X+value X+chroma X)wet]/190 Melanization=10[(hue Y+value Y+chroma Y)dry+(hue Y+value Y+chroma Y)wet]/85 X Y X Shimadzu XRF - 1700 Sequential Rh target 40KV 30mA wt SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 TiO 2 2003 2004 La Lu 14 Pm ppm Leedey Masuda et al., 1973; Masuda, 1975 Ce Eu La/Yb N 349
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OSL Optically Stimulated Luminescence OSL 0 005 0 015km 2 30m 45 4 10cm 30 60 1m 472m 3 1 1 2 F2 3 F3 33 39m 61 66m 72 76m 80 85m 1999 60 5 1 2cm 1 2m 3 13 17m 19 22m 27 32m 38 43m 45 49m 53 58m 63 69m 74 80m 86 91m 94 99m 104 110m 11 116m 120 124m 128 133m 14 35m 6 cm 35m 35m 1 2 3 351
3 1 T1 10 13m 1 2m 1 2m 2 T2 18 22m 3 T3 8 27 32m GY1 GY15 15 4 21 22 23 24 3 2 GY2-1.5-1.8m GY4-0.5m GY5-2.0m GY11-0.2m GY2-2.0 GY4-1.0m GY11-1.8m GY21 22 23 24 70 3U fine sand 0 1 0 GY1 2 1.5m 0.7m 1m 21m 5 0 7m GY2 1 7 1 5m 5 10 9 12m OSL 30cm 3 10cm GY2 OSL 8 9m 1 8m 2 4m 9 5m GY3 2 352
광양만 일대 해안단구의 퇴적물 특성과 지형 형성시기 그림 4. 여수시 조화리 일대의 지형경관 그림 5. 하동군 갈사리 일대의 지형경관 그림 6. 남해군 갈화리 일대의 해안단구 지형 경관 그림 7. 여수시 신풍리 GY2 노두 그림 8. 여수시 조화리 GY4 인접 노두 그림 9. 광양시 황금동 GY5 노두 그림 10. 광양시 황금동 GY15 노두 -`353`-
U (m) granule sand mud ph (10-6 SI) 1m GY21 0.3-0.5 2.9 72.7 24.4 3.08 0.00 1.71 6.6 3.80 - GY22 0.3-0.5 1.7 71.1 27.2 2.98 0.00 1.35 6.7 3.96 - GY2 0.3-0.5 0.7 77.6 21.7 3.23 0.00 1.76 6.9 2.22 - GY24 0.3-0.5 4.8 71.4 23.9 2.84 0.00 1.71 7.1 3.52 - GY1 1.0 22 3.4 32.5 64.1 4.23 0.16 0.12 6.0 6.12 - GY2 1.2 9.8 6.7 60.4 32.9 2.39 0.05 0.12 6.3 2.66 766 1.5 9.5 3.7 60.1 36.3 2.83 0.26 0.00 6.5 2.70 366 1.8 9.2 2.8 46.9 50.4 4.05 0.37 0.00 6.7 4.28 272 2.0 9.0 0.8 68.6 30.5 3.31 0.37 0.00 6.8 2.96 28 GY3 3.0 17.0 1.5 14.6 83.9 6.18 0.00 0.71 7.0 11.26 - GY4 0.5 18.5 4.7 43.2 52.1 4.24 0.26 0.12 5.6 6.18 1,125 1.0 18.0 1.0 23.5 75.5 5.71 0.26 0.06 5.3 9.74 253 GY5 2.0 22 21.4 53.5 25.1 1.60 0.24 0.06 5.6 5.40 531 GY15 2.0 9.0 2.9 25.6 71.5 4.64 0.11 0.35 6.9-2,160 2.5 8.5 0.5 11.9 87.6 6.64 0.26 0.24 6.7-288 3.0 8.0 21.5 46.5 32.0 1.81 0.11 0.12 6.9-68 GY6 1.2 14.8 1.2 33.3 65.5 4.07 0.03 0.29 6.5 3.74 562 2.0 14.0 0.6 43.7 55.7 3.91 0.05 0.12 6.9 3.04 404 GY7 1.5 18.5 5.4 50.9 43.8 3.3 0.21 0.12 5.5 3.94 141 2.5 17.5 27.7 42.1 30.3 1.62 0.08 0.12 6.1 5.86 87 GY8 2.5 20.5 6.6 61.8 31.6 3.42 0.00 0.47 7.1 3.08 532 GY9 1.0 9.0 15.2 43.8 40.9 2.83 0.03 0.47 6.6 3.58 - GY10 0.5 13.5 3.1 58.2 38.8 3.38 0.00 0.76 6.5 3.02 - GY11 0.2 28.8 5.4 29.3 65.3 4.39 0.11 0.12 6.1 6.26 400 1.4 27.6 3.8 44.7 51.5 3.3 0.32 0.12 5.5 5.20 602 1.8 27.2 9.5 73.5 17.2 1.46 0.26 0.00 6.4 5.68 26 GY12 0.3 44.0 1.2 54.5 44.3 3.41 0.21 0.00 6.4 4.62 - GY13 0.6 25.4 6.4 37.5 56.1 4.53 0.16 0.24 6.2 3.84 837 GY14 0.5 32.5 15.2 51.4 33.4 2.64 0.47 0.00 5.6 3.84 1,120 GY4 2 19m 0 8m GY1 2 0 4m 1,125 10-6 SI GY4 30m 8 354
3 20 20 0 6m GY5 3 F3 7 8m pebble cobble 9 472m 2m 50 sand 1 60U GY15 2 10 3 1 5m 1 5m 5 10cm 0 4m 6 64U 1m 4 64U 1 2mm burrow 2004 288 10 6 SI 2 160 10 6 SI 6 1 16m 2 3m 0 8m 0 8m 7 2 20m 3m GY8 2 1m 5cm GY9 1 10m 1m cm GY10 14m cm GY11 1 6m 0 6m 1 2cm 1m 0 8cm 355
SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 TiO 2 Fe 2 O 3 Ce/Ce* Eu/Eu* (La/Yb) N GY21 57.72 17.18 0.85 6.36 - - - GY22 61.31 15.69 0.75 6.42 0.98 0.42 24.6 GY23 66.52 14.53 0.80 4.51 0.98 0.33 25.9 GY24 66.08 15.07 0.62 4.49 - - - GY2-1.5 63.42 20.10 0.56 3.31 1.00 0.63 13.0 GY2-1.8 64.33 20.94 0.53 2.95 1.02 0.53 17.0 1 GY15-2.5 - - - - 1.17 0.66 10.2 GY15-3.0 - - - - 0.92 0.71 20.5 GY6-1.2 66.16 15.66 0.97 5.79 1.15 0.72 12.1 GY6-2.0 74.38 11.78 0.88 4.42 1.19 0.76 13.3 2 GY4-0.5 63.04 18.38 1.03 6.31 0.88 0.72 17.7 GY8-2.5 74.26 12.67 0.76 3.27 1.00 0.91 17.0 3 GY11-1.4 56.87 21.70 0.93 7.42 1.23 1.03 14.7 GY13-0.6 59.64 19.89 0.84 5.98 1.13 0.71 10.7 GY7-1.5 62.48 19.71 0.93 6.46 - - - 2 GY7-2.5 56.88 16.65 2.21 14.39 - - - 3 GY5-2.0 54.10 22.86 1.03 9.16 1.25 0.71 13.1 GY2-1.2 60.67 21.18 0.69 4.78 1.40 0.53 16.4 GY15-2.0 83.60 7.12 1.12 2.63 0.99 0.52 12.6 GY11-0.2 62.09 18.09 0.93 6.41 1.12 0.66 11.7 GY2-2.0 61.24 22.20 0.40 2.99 0.88 0.72 17.7 GY4-1.0 46.01 25.03 3.95 13.03 - - - GY11-1.8 57.35 26.92 0.37 3.66 1.29 0.70 14.5 356
GY12 4 cm GY13 GY12 100m 3 26m 0 3m 0 4m GY14 m 11 12 GY4-1.0 GY15-2.0 GY15-2.0 GY22 23 1 GY2 1 5m 9 5m OSL 70 1 4 6 ka OSL 2004 OSL GY2-1.5-1.2-1.5-1.5 9 5 13m 1 7 MIS 5a 1995b MIS 5a 20 25m 13 18m 357
2002 1 MIS 5a 0 119m/ka 0 163m/ka 0 141m/ ka 2 3 13 18 22m 2 MIS 5e 27 32m 3 MIS 7 30 14 35m 3 19 0 1 0 358
1 GY2-1.5m 9 5m OSL 70.1ka GY2 9.5~13m 1 7 MIS 5a 5 0.141m/ka 18~22m 2 MIS 5e 27~32m 3 MIS 7 OSL 1973 9 2 89 121 2005 12 1 103 116 2003 24 6 578 591 2002 Toshiro Naruse Akira Hayashida 2004 E55S20-40 4 369 381 1980a 8 157 170 1980b 9 377 415 1983 10 245-253 2000 mechanism 35 1 17 38 2003 38 2 156 172 1999 6 2 99 119 2004 40 4 409 429 2003 39 1 81 97 1996 17 5 407 416 2004 40 4 559 566 1999 2002 38 2 279 291 1987 2002 4 8 1 35 43 359
1992 Shore Platform 18 1 1 12 1993 4 7(1), 1-26. 1995a 30 2 103 119 1995b 2 1 9 20 1996a 3 1 29 44 1996b 3 3 613 629 2003 10 1 93 98 2004 OSL 40 4 567 583 2003 1996 3 2 99 114 2003 38 4 490 504 1977 52 2 689 699 2001 4 1978 30 3 152 160 2001 4 Chang, H., 1987, Geomorphic Development of Intermontane Basins in Korea, Dissertation to the Univ. of Tsukuba. Chappell, J., Omura, A., Esat, T., McCulloch, M., Pandolfi, J., Ota, Y. and Pillans, B., 1996, Reconciliation of late Quaternary sea levels derived from coral terraces at Huon Peninsula with deep sea oxygen isotope records, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 141, 227-236. Lee, D. Y., 1987, Stratigraphical Research of the Quaternary Deposits in the Korean Peninsula, The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research, 1(1), 3-20. Masuda, A., 1975, Abundances of mono isotopic REE, consistent with the Leedey chondritic values, Geochemical Journal, 9, 183-184 Masuda, A., Nakamura, N. and Tanaka, T., 1973, Fine Structure of mutually normalized rare-earth patterns of chondrites, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37, 239-248 Saito, Y., Katayama, H., Ikehara, K., Kato, Y., Matsumoto, E., Oguri, K., Oda M. and Yumoto, M., 1998, Transgressive and highstand systems tracts and post-glacial transgression, the East China Sea, Sedimentary Geology, 122, 217-232. Taylor, G. and Eggleton, R. A., 2001, Regolith Geology and Geomorphology, John Wiley & Sons. 130-765 108 403 georiver@khu.ac.kr 010-6444-7755 Correspondence Lee, Gwang-Ryul, Ssangyong Apt. 108-403, Imoon 3-Dong, Dongdaemoon-Gu, Seoul, Korea(e-mail georiver@khu.ac.kr, Tel 010-6444-7755) 360