The effect of the temporal and spatial distance and the types of advertising messages on sport consumers attitude toward an advertising and purchase i

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1 The effect of the temporal and spatial distance and the types of advertising messages on sport consumers attitude toward an advertising and purchase intentions: A Construal level theory perspective Sohee Park 1, Jin-Wook Han 1 *, & Minsoo Kim 2 1 The Kyung Hee University & 2 Korea Institute of Sport Science [Purpose] [Methods] [Results and Conclusion] Key words:

4 Table 1. Demographic Characteristics Characteristics Classification Frequency Percent(%) Gender Age Usage Experience Male % Female % 20 s % 30 s % Yes % No % Total %

6 Table 2. Internal Consistency of Scales # of items Cronbach s α Message Type Attitude toward advertising Purchase intention α

7 Table 3. MANOVA results for attitude toward an advertising and purchase intention Independent variables temporal distance(a) spatial distance(b) advertising type(c) Wilk s Lambda Hypothesis Error Power ** A B A C.907*** B C.652*** A B C.559***

8 α α Table 4. Results for 3-way ANOVA of an attitude toward an advertising Independent variables temporal distance(a) spatial distance(b) advertising type(c) mean square A B A C B C A B C F p Table 5. Results for 3-way ANOVA of purchase intention Independent variables temporal distance(a) spatial distance(b) advertising type(c) mean square A B A C B C A B C Table 6. Simple main effects of s on an attitude toward an advertising depending on the temporal distance source of variance at the distant future at the near future sum of F meas *** F p

7. Simple main effects on purchase intention depending on the temporal distance source of

9 Fig. 1. Interaction effect of temporal and an advertising type on an attitude toward an advertising Table 7. Simple main effects on purchase intention depending on the temporal distance source of variance at the distant future at the near future sum of meas *** ** F Fig. 2. Interaction effect of temporal and an advertising type on purchase intention

distance sum of mean 14.815 1 14.815 43.062*** 9.036 1 9.036 26.266*** F Table 9.

10 Table 8. Simple main effects of s on an attitude toward an advertising depending on the spatial distance source of variance at the long distance at the short distance sum of mean *** *** F Table 9. Simple main effects of s on purchase intention depending on the spatial distance source of variance at the long distance at the short distance sum of mean *** *** F Fig. 3. Interaction effect of spatial distance and an on an attitude toward an advertising Fig. 4. Interaction effect of spatial distance and an on purchase intention

variance sum of mean F distant future X long distance at distant future X near distance at.000 1.000.001 9.514 1 27.733 52.

11 Table 10. Simple interaction effect of temporal and spatial distance on the attitude toward an advertising depending on an source of variance sum of mean F distant future X long distance at distant future X near distance at *** Fig. 5. Interaction effect of temporal and spatial distance on the attitude toward an advertising depending on an near future X long distance at near future X short distance at *** ***

distant future X long distance at distant future X near distance at near future X long distance at near future X

12 Table 11. Simple interaction effect of temporal and spatial distance on purchase intention depending on an source of variance distant future X long distance at distant future X near distance at near future X long distance at near future X short distance at sum of mean ** F *** *** Fig. 6. Interaction effect of temporal and spatial distance on purchase intention depending on an

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16 <Advertising message of high-level construals > <Advertising message type of low-level construals >

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]