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1 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 15, No. 6 pp , ISSN / eissn 모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템 홍성일 1, 인치호 1* 1 세명대학교컴퓨터학부 Smart Emotional Lighting Control System based on Mobile Sung-IL Hong 1, Chi-Ho Lin 1* 1 School of Computer, Semyung University 요약본논문에서는모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템을제안한다. 감성조명장치의내부발열및전력소비를감소시키기위하여제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템은안드로이드플랫폼모바일기기와지그비모듈, 감성조명장치, 점등제어모듈, 전원공급기, 범용트랜지스터로구성하였다. 모바일디바이스는시스템에연결될때, 감성조명장치에실시간제어정보를전송하고, 제어메시지및상태모니터링을기반으로감성조명장치를제어하도록설계하였다. 본논문에서제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템의효율성검증결과, 감성조명제어및색온도변수에의해제어가가능하였다. 그리고감성언어를사용하여가변적으로점등제어하기때문에 21% 의발열량및최대 48% 의소비전력을감소시켰다. Abstract This paper proposes the smart emotion lighting control system of a mobile-based. The proposed smart emotional lighting control system to reduce the emotional lighting device, internal heat and the power consumption was configured to the android platform mobile device and zigbee module, emotional lighting device, lighting control module, power supply, and general-purpose transistor. The mobile device was to transmit the real-time control information to the emotional lighting device when connected to the system, and it was designed to control the emotion lighting device based on the control messages and status monitoring. In this paper, the efficiency verification results of the proposed smart emotional lighting control system showed that it was possible to control by emotion lighting control and the color temperature variable. The heating value and the power consumption could be reduced by21% and up to 48%, because of the controlled lighting using emotion language. Key Words : Emotional Lighting, Mobile, RGB LED, Emotional Language, Color Temperature 1. 서론감성 ITC 조명기술은일상생활에서이용되는모든제품과서비스에감성을융합시켜인간중심의미래감성지능사회도래에능동적으로대처할수있는차세대융합 ICT 핵심기술이다. 감성 ITC 조명기술은인간의감성을자동인지하여사용자의감성과상황에맞게감성정보를처리하고, 지능적으로자율적응하여감성적기능처리를제공한다. 그리고공감을통해기술적한계를돌 파하는혁신기술이다. 또한, 색온도와밝기를사람의심리상태에알맞게적용시키면서공간을변화시킬수있는최첨단조명기술인 SIH(Sun In House) 는감성조명시스템을적용하여일출 / 몰및주간시간변화에따른태양빛의변화를실내에서그대로연출할수있다 [1,2]. 그러나기존연구방법은다수의조명기기를제어할경우조명기기별반복적인설정변경및운용대수의증가에따라서제어에대한시간과비용이기하급수적으로증가하게되고효율성이떨어지게된다. 그리고제한적 본연구는미래창조과학부및정보통신산업진흥원의시스템반도체설계인력양성사업의연구결과로수행되었음. (NIPA-2014-H ) * Corresponding Author : Chi-Ho Lin(Semyung Univ.) Tel: ich410@semyung.ac.kr Received February 28, 2014 Revised March 28, 2014 Accepted June 12,

2 모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템 인시간내에감성조명기기에대한설정을변경하고자할때, 운용대수가많을경우많은시간을소모하게되고, 각각의감성조명기기가설치된장소에서매번상태확인을해야한다. PC제어의경우는연결상태를매번확인하여조명기기를제어하게되어운영상의번잡함을초래하며, 운영주체가기업이나단체일경우불필요한비용및시간을낭비하는문제점이있다. 또한, 전체 LED 의지속적인점등으로인하여조명기기의내부온도가상승되어에너지효율성도떨어지게된다 [3-5]. 본논문에서는문제점해결을위해모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템을제안한다. 제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템은안드로이드어플리케이션을이용한조명제어시스템으로사용자장치를이용하여무선으로복수의조명부를제어한다. 또한, 장소의제약없이지그비로연결된복수의조명부에대한제어가가능하여사용자의편의가극대화되고설치비용및시간을단축시킬수있다. 2. 스마트감성조명제어시스템 본논문에서제안하는스마트감성조명제어시스템은외부신호에응답하여제어신호를제공하는안드로이드플랫폼의모바일디바이스와 USB 방식으로연결되어모바일디바이스로부터점등제어신호및구동전력을제공받아서점등제어신호에응답하고, 무선통신방식으로조명제어신호를출력하는감성조명부, 감성조명장치로구성하였다. Fig. 1은스마트감성조명제어시스템의구성을나타낸다. [Fig. 1] Structure of smart emotion lighting control system 모바일디바이스는조명의전체및일부분을제어하도록설계를하였고, 지그비방식으로조명제어시스템 과연결이되어제어메시지를전송하고사용자요구대로조명제어를할수있도록설계하였다. 또한, 모바일디바이스가접속할때마다전체조명기구의현재상태를전송하여각조명장치의상태모니터링및모바일디바이스가전송하는제어메시지에의하여감성조명장치의점등제어가가능하도록설계하였기때문에제작원가가감소되고별도의전원을요구하지않아휴대성이용이한효과가있다. 감성조명부는지그비통신을할수있는 H-mote 보드와 LED를제어하는확장보드로구성하였고, 각각의조명부를구분하기위한 ID를부여하였다. 그리고조명제어신호를이용하여각각의감성조명을제어하기위해하나의조명부를선택하도록설계하였다. 또한, 모바일디바이스와감성조명부사이에는 H-mote를통해지그비통신을사용하여연결하도록설계하였다. 각각의감성조명부에서는모바일디바이스로부터조명제어신호를수신하고, 수신된조명제어신호를조명제어모듈로전달한다. 그리고조명제어모듈은감성조명장치의구동전력의레벨을조절하여펄스폭변조방식 (PWM) 을이용하여디밍방식으로적색, 청색및녹색 LED 각각의밝기를조절한다. 또한, 조명제어신호는스케줄정보를이용하여각각의조명부에대하여온 / 오프시간을조절한다. 감성조명부는모바일디바이스로부터제공된조명제어신호를지그비통신방식으로출력한다. 지그비통신방식은간소화된프로토콜과제한적인기능을통해네트워크상에서전송되는데이터의크기를감소시켜저렴한네트워크구축을하였고, 모바일디바이스에서호출이왔을경우에만전력을사용하도록설계하여네트워크의전력관리를효율적으로수행할수있도록설계하였다. Fig. 2는감성조명부에포함된조명제어모듈과 RGB 감성조명장치의연결상태를나타낸다. 감성조명장치는색공간확보를위해 Red, Green, Blue 3색상의 LED를사용하였다. 점등제어모듈의적색단자 (mr), 녹색단자 (mg), 청색단자 (mb), 접지단자 (mgnd) 는감성조명장치의적색단자 (dr), 녹색단자 (dg), 청색단자 (db), 접지단자 (dgnd) 와각각연결하였다. 조명제어모듈은감성조명장치의 LED 색상별로별도의구동회로를구성하지않고, 어떠한색상의 LED가연결되더라도공통적으로사용될수있는통합회로를구성하여설계하였다. Table 1 은스마트감성조명제어시스템사양을나타낸다. 3859

3 한국산학기술학회논문지제 15 권제 6 호, 2014 [Fig. 2] Connect of the emotion lighting devices [Table 1] System Requirements Division Specifications Android Platform Android 2.3.3, H-smart210 TKU H-mote Tiny OS 1.x, 2.x, H-mote 2420(CC2420, ) Expansion Board RGB LED Lighting Device RGB LED (DC12V), 3W Power Supply DC 12V 3.0A General Purpose Transistors 의지그비모듈은제공된조명제어신호에포함된밝기정보레벨이변화되었는지여부가판별한다. 밝기정보레벨이변화되지않았으면, 감성조명장치의밝기는그대로유지되고, 밝기정보레벨이변화되었으면, 변화된레벨에응답하여감성조명장치의밝기를제어한다. 조명제어모듈은제공된조명제어신호에응답하고, PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 방식을이용하여감성조명장치를조명제어신호의레벨에따라입력되는구동전력량을 0~100% 까지연속적으로변화시켜정확하게제어한다. 감성조명장치는각감성조명장치에대한온 / 오프스케줄에관한정보를포함하는스케줄정보를확인하고, 동작시간이만료되었으면오프된다. 스마트감성조명제어알고리즘은모바일디바이스및유선으로연결된지그비모듈을통해저전력을사용하여각각의감성조명부를제어할수있기때문에효율적인조명제어를할수있다. 조명제어모듈은점멸방식 (On-off Control), 스텝제어방식등다른여러방식을이용하여감성조명장치를제어할수있다. 스텝제어방식은점멸제어와조광제어의중간형태로, 감성조명장치에입력되는구동전력량을사전에정해진단계별로나누어, 조명제어신호의레벨에따라순차적으로변화시켜제어하는방식이다. 점멸제어방식에비하여작업면에급격한조도변화를일으키지않으며, 조광제어방식에비하여설치비가저렴한장점이있다. Fig. 3은스마트감성조명의제어알고리즘을나타낸다. 스마트감성조명제어시스템은동작이시작되면감성조명장치가초기화되고, 밝기는미리지정된초기조건으로설정하거나턴오프되기전마지막동작된때의밝기조건으로설정한다. 그리고감성조명장치와연결된지그비모듈과모바일디바이스와유선으로연결된지그비모듈은무선으로네트워크에연결된다. 또한, 모바일디바이스는감성조명부의지그비모듈로부터지그비모듈의 ID, 전체밝기, 각색상 LED의밝기등에대한정보를포함한조명제어신호를수신한다. 감성조명부 [Fig. 3] The smart emotion lighting control algorithm 본논문에서는스마트감성조명제어알고리즘을이용하여온습도계의정보에따른조명을제어하도록설계하였다. 불쾌지수 (Discomfort Index; DI) 는기후변화에따른온습도에의해느끼게되는불쾌감정도를의미한다. 실제온습도계를이용하여측정된온습도값으로불쾌지수및불쾌지수변화에의한색온도와 RGB 조명값을계산하여감성조명장치의밝기를결정한다. 불쾌지 3860

4 모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템 수변화에의해생활영역에영향을주는체감온도를나타내는방법으로불쾌지수는식 (1) 을이용하여계산하였다. 계산결과를이용하여조명을제어하여직접적인불쾌지수를감소시킬수없었지만, 즐거운. 포근한, 편안한, 상쾌한등의색온도에대한감성언어의 RGB 조명값변화에따라서간접적으로불쾌지수감소시킬수있었다. Table 2는온도와식 (1) 에의해얻어진불쾌지수의변화를통해불쾌감의정도를나타낸다. 값은컬러이미지스케일로부터색온도에대한정보와형용사이미지스케일로부터정보를추출하여감성언어에대한가장가까운컬러이미지스케일의색상을적합한색상으로결정하였다. 추출된 7개의감성언어에대한색상매핑및색상정보를데이터베이스화하면시스템사용자는임의적으로감성에따른조명을제어할수있다. 불쾌지수 건구온도 습구온도 [Table 2] Degree of discomfort temperature humidity degree of discomfort 30 or above 86 above very unpleasant unpleasant all unpleasant of 50% unpleasant of 10% indicates the unpleasant 20 below 68 below comfortable all Table 3은온 / 습도레벨에따른색온도와컬러이미지스케일을정의를나타낸다. 색온도는광원의색을수치로나타낸것으로 LED 조명에적용하기위해서 RGB 값으로변환해야한다. LED의색온도는온 / 습도를 5단계로구분하여레벨이낮으면적색으로설정하고, 레벨이높으면청색으로설정하여 25개의항목으로정의하였다. RGB 감성조명장치는온도가매우낮고습도가높으면 Magenta, 온 / 습도가보통이면 White 컬러로자동제어가가능하도록설계하였다. [Table 3] Definition of color temperature [Fig. 4] Value of RGB lighting for emotion language Fig. 5는모바일디바이스에서감성조명제어프로그램실행화면을나타낸다. 안드로이드플랫폼기반의모바일디바이스에서는감성조명의전체밝기를제어하기위한인터페이스와조명색상을제어하기위한인터페이스환경으로구성하여설계하였다. 메인화면은각색상에해당하는탐색바를통해 RGB 감성조명장치의색상제어상태를확인하도록설계하였다. 그리고각색상의밝기를나타내는탐색바를이동시켜감성조명장치에포함된적색, 녹색및청색 LED의밝기를제어하도록구현하였다. Hum idity lev els Temperature level Magenta Cyan Cyan Blue Blue 2 Magenta Green Green Cyan Blue 3 Yellow Magenta White Green Cyan 4 Red Yellow Magenta Green Cyan 5 Red Red Yellow Magenta Magenta Fig. 4는일상생활에서사용하는감성관련언어를형용사이미지스케일에서추출한감성언어별 RGB 값을나타낸다. RGB 감성조명장치의해당색상제어를통해실내조명에적합하다고생각되는 7가지감성언어는임의로선정하여 RGB 값으로변환하였다. 감성언어의 RGB [Fig. 5] The smart emotion lighting control program 3861

5 한국산학기술학회논문지제 15 권제 6 호, 2014 Fig. 6은스마트감성조명제어프로그램의레이아웃디자인을나타낸다. 전체레이아웃은리니어레이아웃으로구성하였다. 선택한지그비모듈의 ID에따라서스마트감성조명제어프로그램의탐색바를이동시켜감성언어별 RGB 조명값을임의적으로조절이가능하고, 조명제어모듈의디밍제어를통해감성조명장치의색온도를제어하도록구현하였다. [Fig. 6] Layout design 스마트감성조명제어프로그램에서는지그비모듈을사용하기위하여 JNI(Java Native Interface) 를호출하였다. 제어프로그램에서는시스템장치에대한접근이제한되기때문에 NDK(Native Developme nt Kit) 를사용하여 JNI로 USBtoSerial 에연결되어있는지그비모듈로접근하고, 해당포트를연결및해제하여얻어진데이터는제어프로그램으로넘겨주는구조로설계하였다. 감성조명장치는 JNI를통해얻어진패킷데이터를처리하여해당값을감성조명부로전송하여제어하도록구현하였다. JNI는 C로작성되었고, Java로작성프로그램에서 JNI로구성된 API를호출하여사용하는구조로설계하였다. Fig. 7은스마트감성조명제어프로그램중, 청색탐색바에의한감성조명장치의색온도를제어프로그램을나타낸다. setonseekbarchangelistener( ) 은 onstarttrackingtouch( ) 과 onstoptracking Touch( ) 를확인하고, onprogresschanged( ) 를통해패킷 ( 색상값 ) 변화를계산하며 Lodprintf(char[] packet) 를호출하여점등제어모듈을통해계산된색상값으로감성조명장치를제어하게된다. 이때, load_lib( ) 를통해 JNI를호출하게된다. blueseekbar.setonseekbarchangelistener(new OnSeekBarChangeListener() { public void onstoptrackingtouch(seekbar seekbar) { if(d)toast.maketext(getbasecontext(), "Blue : "+w_packet[blue_int_idx], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); public void onstarttrackingtouch(seekbar seekbar) { public void onprogresschanged(seekbar seekbar, int progress, boolean fromuser) { w_raw_packet[blue_int_idx-2] = (char)progress; w_packet[blue_int_idx] = (char)progress; crc_buf = Crc.set(w_raw_packet); w_packet[w_packet.length-3] = crc_buf[0]; w_packet[w_packet.length-2] = crc_buf[1]; WritePacket(w_packet); Lodprintf(w_packet); ); public void Lodprintf(char[] packet) { int i; for(i=0; i<packet.length i++) { Log.d("LED", Integer.toHexString(packet[i])); static void load_lib() { try { System.load("/data/data/com.hybus.ledbar/files/ libsv210_2420_ledbar.so"); catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError ule) { Log.e("JNI", "WARNING: Could not load libsv210_2420_ledbar.so"); [Fig. 7] Color Temperature Control by the blue seekbar 3. 실험결과 본논문에서감성분위기의연출과조명으로서의기능적요소를만족하는조명설계를목적으로모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템을제안하였다. 제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템의효율성검증을위한실험환경은 Fig. 8과같이구성하였다. 베이스로사용할 1번 H-mote 는 TOSBase를포팅하고모바일디바이스의 USB 포트에연결하였다. 2번 H-mote는 LEDbar_CONTROL 을포팅하고 RGB 감성조명장치가연결된점등제어모듈을연결하였다. 모바일디바이스에는제어알고리즘을적용한스마트감성조명제어프로그램을다운로드하여설치하였다. 3862

6 모바일기반의스마트감성조명제어시스템 [Table 4] Comparison of emotion lighting control system [Fig. 8] Experiment Environment Existing emotion lighting control system Proposed emotion lighting control system Operation LED Power Consumption W W W Generation temperature Lighting method All lights Adjustable lights by emotional language Color Temp. Control Fixing Variable Energy saving method Control by time schedules Real-time control by the light sensor Table 3은감성언어별감성조명광량의측정결과를나타낸다. 감성조명광량은감성언어별조명도분석을위해 REG 감성조명장치로부터 1.8m 떨어진작업면에서측정하였다. 감성언어별광량의측정결과는최고 1720lux에서최저 980lux까지측정되어변화율차이를보였으나광량의상관관계를의미하며주변환경요소에따라서감성조명제어가가능하였다. [Table 3] Measured result of Illumination intensity Emotion language Color Illumination Joyful Yellow 1720 lux Plump Light Green 1642 lux Comfortable Deep Purple 1580 lux Delicious Bright Green 1566 lux Elegant Brown 1235 lux Cool Dark Green 1490 lux Lively Dark Blue 980 lux Table 4는기존의감성조명제어시스템과제안된감성조명제어시스템의비교결과를나타낸다. 본논문에서제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템은동작 LED의개수는동일하지만 Table 3에서정의된색온도를기준으로감성언어에의한가변점등을통해발열량을 21% 감소시켰고, 소비전력은최소 0% 에서최대 48% 까지절감할수있었다. 또한, RGB 감성조명장치의내부발열을감소시켜수명이향상되었고, 효율적인조명효과를얻을수있었다. 4. 결론본논문에서는모바일기반의스마트감정조명제어시스템을제안하였다. 제안된시스템은안드로이드플랫폼의모바일디바이스및지그비모듈, 감성조명기기, 점등제어모듈, 전원공급기, 범용트랜지스터로구성하고, 모바일디바이스가제어메시지를전송하여사용자임의적으로조명제어를하도록설계하였다. 또한, 모바일디바이스가시스템에접속할때마다감성조명장치의상태를실시간으로전송하여상태모니터링및제어메시지에따라감성조명기기를제어하도록설계하였다. 제안된스마트감성조명제어시스템의검증결과, 필요로하는부분의조명기기감성조명제어와색온도가변에의한감성조명장치의점등제어가가능하였고, 감성언어에의한가변점등으로효율적으로소비전력이절감되었으며, 상황에적합한색상과밝기를제어하여일상생활에서집중력과업무능력, 학습능력의향상효과를얻을수있었다. 지그비모듈을이용한스마트감성조명제어시스템은허가받지않은모바일디바이스에지그비모듈제어프로그램이설치되어있으면누구나접속하여시스템을제어할수있기때문에향후에는보안관련기능을추가및개선하고, 안정성확보를위한연구가진행되어야할것이다. References [1] Hyun-Soo Park, Human-friendly and smart LED emotion lighting, KIEE, Vol.60, No.6, pp16-24,

7 한국산학기술학회논문지제 15 권제 6 호, 2014 [2] Yang-Jae Park, Jong-Hyung Choi, Myong-Gi Jang, Optimization of Light Source Combination through the Illuminance and Color Temperature Simulation of Circadian Lighting Apparatus, The Korea Contents Association, Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 9, No. 8, pp , 2009 DOI: [3] B.J.Huang, M.S.Wu, P.C.Hsu, J.W.Chen, K.Y.Chen, "Development of high-performance solar LEDlightingsystem", GCREEDER 2009, vol.51, no.8, pp , [4] Sung-Kwun Oh, Sung-Joon Lim, Chang-Min Ma, Jin-Yul Kim, Development of RGBW Dimming Control Sensitivity Lighting System based on the Intelligence Algorithm, KIIS, Journal of KIIS, Vol.12, No. 3, pp , 2011 DOI: [5] Jae-Hong Lee, Ju-Won Park, Jin-Kang Lim, Sang-Bae Lee, Design and Implementation of Sensibilities Lighting LED Controller for a Ship, KINPR, Journal of Korean navigation and port research, Vol. 34, No.10, pp , 2010 DOI: [6] Jin Choo, Bohyeon Yoo Study on Application of Emotional Lighting based on the theory of physiological function by light KSBDA, Vol.12, No.3, [7] Takahashi, S, Effects of color lighting on emotional-expression judgment and personal impression, Fuzzy sets and Systems, v31, pp.14-15, 2007 [8] Olivier Lartillot, "MIRtoolbox 1.2.4", Finnish Centre of Excellence in Interdisciplinary Music Research, March, 18th, 2010 [9] Danny Pascale, A Review of RGB color spaces, 인치호 (Chi-Ho Lin) [ 정회원 ] 1985 년 2 월 : 한양대학교 ( 공학사 ) 1987 년 2 월 : 한양대학교 ( 공학석사 ) 1996 년 8 월 : 한양대학교 ( 공학박사 ) 1992 년 3 월 ~ 현재 : 세명대학교컴퓨터학부교수 < 관심분야 > SOC CAD, ASIC Design, CAD Algorithms, SOC Design, RTOS and Embedded Systems, Lighting Control Systems 홍성일 (Sung-Il Hong) [ 학생회원 ] 2007 년 2 월 : 세명대학교컴퓨터과학과 ( 이학사 ) 2009 년 8 월 : 세명대학교대학원전자계산교육학과 ( 교육학석사 ) 2009 년 8 월 ~ 현재 : 세명대학교대학원전산정보학과 ( 박사과정 ) < 관심분야 > SOC CAD, ASIC Design, CAD Algorithms, SOC Design, RTOS and Embedded Systems, Lighting Control Systems 3864

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