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1 대한안과학회지 2017 년제 58 권제 5 호 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2017;58(5): ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) Case Report 견인망막박리로내원하여타카야수동맥염으로진단된증례 1 예 A Case Report of Takayasu s Arteritis with Traction Retinal Detachment 이가인 배건호 김종민 강세웅 Ga-In Lee, MD, Kunho Bae, MD, Jong Min Kim, MD, Se Woong Kang, MD, PhD 성균관대학교의과대학삼성서울병원안과학교실 Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Purpose: To report a rare case of traction retinal detachment and retinal ischemia in inactive Takayasu s arteritis at ophthalmologic clinic. Case summary: A 23-year-old woman presented with a floater, photophobia, and visual loss in her right eye one week prior to visit. She had no other systemic disease, such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension, or previous ophthalmic abnormalities except for a tumor in the adrenal gland. We found bilateral retinal ischemia and traction retinal detachment in the right eye on fundus examination without iris neovascularization. Pars plana vitrectomy, traction removal, endolaser treatment, and intravitreal bevacizumab injection were performed. Steroid eye drops and steroid systemic administration relieved the inflammation. On carotid doppler sonography, we found severe stenosis and thickness of the inner layer in both carotid arteries. We diagnosed the patient with an inactive phase of Takayasu s arteritis, which was conclusively correlated with the clinical features. Vascular anastomosis surgery along with follow-up was proposed by both the cardiology and vascular surgery departments. Conclusions: When a young patient presents with traction retinal detachment and retinal ischemia, Takayasu s arteritis should be considered for differential diagnosis and a systemic work-up should be performed as soon as possible. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2017;58(5): Keywords: Retinal ischemia, Takayasu s arteritis, Traction retinal detachment 타카야수동맥염은젊은아시아여성에서호발하는염증성혈관질환으로타카야수동맥염으로인해발생하는증상들은대동맥과그분지들을포함한동맥의자가면역육아종성염증에기인하는것으로알려져있다. 1,2 타카야수동맥염에서안증상의빈도는 8.1% 에서 68% 로다양하게보 Received: Revised: Accepted: Address reprint requests to Se Woong Kang, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, #81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea Tel: , Fax: kangsewoong@gmail.com * This study was presented as a poster at the 116th Annual Meeting of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 고되어있다. 3-7 치료와관련하여발생하는합병증은스테로이드유발백내장이 23% 로가장흔하며그외홍채신생혈관, 스테로이드유발녹내장, 신생혈관녹내장, 포도막염등이있다. 7 서양인에서타카야수동맥염을진단하는데있어서안과적증상을주소로처음내원하는빈도는 16-35% 로보고되어있으나 8, Chun et al 4 이보고한바에따르면국내에서타카야수동맥염으로안과진료를보게되는경우는내과에서고혈압, 실신을주소로먼저진단후안과적검진을위해의뢰되는경우가대부분이어서안과적증상을주소로처음내원하는경우는극히드물다고하였다. 또한 Chun et al 4 은병력청취를했을때망막허혈에의한후안부증상중하나인일과성흑암시가있었던경우는 25.6% 로보고하였다. 견인망막박리를동반한증식망막병증등후안부에국한된안증상을주소로첫내원하여타카야수 c2017 The Korean Ophthalmological Society This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 600

2 - 이가인외 : 견인망막박리에서진단된타카야수동맥염 - A B C Figure 1. Widefield fundus photographs of right eye. (A) The image showed traction retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage around superior temporal and inferior temporal arcade. (B) The normal image of left eye. (C) The image showed postoperative 5 months state with flattened retina and released traction on right eye. 동맥염이진단된경우는극히드문것으로알려져있으며 8-10 이러한경험을보고하고자한다. 증례보고 23세여자환자가열흘전갑자기발생한진행되는우안시력저하, 변형시, 하측시야가림을주소로응급실로내원하였다. 과거력상 6세경부신종양으로부신절제술을시행받은병력이있으며다른전신질환및안과적질환의병력은없었다. 내원당시최대교정시력은우안 0.3, 좌안 1.0이었고, 골드만압평안압계로측정한안압은우안 15 mmhg, 좌안 17 mmhg로측정되었다. 세극등현미경검사에서양안전방염증 trace, 양안앞유리체염증 2+ 소견이관찰되었다. 전방각경검사상양안홍채신생혈관, 전방각에신생혈관은관찰되지않았다. 안저검사에서우안은섬유혈관증식과동반된견인망막박리및유리체출혈이관찰되었다 (Fig. 1). 안저검사상좌안은특이소견이관찰되지않았다. 형광안저혈관조영술에서우안은망막동맥충만시간이 20초로지연되어있어혈관충만장애소견을보였고, 상이측, 상비측, 하비측혈관궁을따라무수한신생혈관과형광염료의누출이 관찰되었다. 좌안에서는망막주변부에광범위한미세동맥류와망막중심정맥상이측으로신생혈관이관찰되었다 (Fig. 2). 빛간섭단층촬영 (optical coherence tomography, OCT) 에서후극부의상이측으로견인망막박리소견이관찰되었다. Toxoplasma IgG 항체를포함한혈청검사, 류마티스질환관련인자를포함한혈청검사, 루푸스질환관련인자를포함한혈액응고인자검사상에서모두정상소견을보였고, Doppler 초음파검사상우측경동맥은내경이거의막혀있었고, 좌측경동맥은전체적으로내경이 50-70% 정도좁아진소견을보였다. 양측외경동맥은역류소견을보였고, 양측말초쇄골하동맥에서액와동맥으로가는혈류가완전차단되어상완동맥에서재형성되는소견을보였다. 우측완두동맥은전체적으로 40-50% 정도좁아진소견을보였다 (Fig. 3). 자기공명영상혈관조영술검사상좌측쇄골하동맥기시부협착이있고, 말초쇄골하동맥은폐색이있었으며양측경동맥에도심한협착과내벽두꺼워짐이관찰되었고, 우측무명동맥과쇄골하동맥협착이관찰되었다. 양측추골동맥의혈류는잘유지되고있었고, 양측중대뇌동맥의관 601

3 - 대한안과학회지 2017년 제 58 권 제 5 호 - A B C D E F Figure 2. Fluorescein angiography of right eye at initial visit. (A, B) Early-phase fluorescein angiography shows delayed filling of artery. The retinal artery filling time was 20 seconds. (C) M id-phase at 1 minute 18 seconds shows numerous new vessels and leakage of fluorescent materials. The peripheral retina shows widespread capillary drop-out. (D) Late-phase at 4 minutes 39 seconds shows diffuse leakage of fluorescent material and the peripheral area appears more hyperfluorescent. (E) In left eye, we could find a new vessel superior temporal arcade area at 1 minute 2 seconds (white arrowhead). (F) Late-phase at 4 minutes 49 seconds show s peripheral diffuse leakage and hyperfluorescent features. 류지연이 관찰되었다(Fig. 4). 관상동맥 조영술상에서는 관 눈속레이저광응고술을 시행하고, 수술 종료 시 유리체강내 상동맥의 협착이나 동맥류, 대동맥 협착은 보이지 않았다. 베바시주맙 주입술(Avastin, 1.25 mg/0.05 ml, Genetech 임상증상과 종합해 볼 때 타카야수 동맥염의 비활동기로 Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA)을 0.1 ml 시행하였다. 수술 진단되었다. 우안은 견인망막박리를 동반한 망막 허혈로 중 망막 열공은 발견되지 않았다. 술 후 순환기내과와 혈관 진단하였고, 우안 유리체절제술, 견인막 제거술 및 범망막 외과에 의뢰되어 정기적인 검진 중이며, 반대안의 혈액 순 602

4 - 이가인 외 : 견인망막박리에서 진단된 타카야수 동맥염 - 환을 유지하고, 시력을 보존하기 위한 예방적 차원에서 혈 관 문합술을 고려 중에 있다. 수술 직후 점안제로는 스테로이드 및 항생제 복합제 (Dexamethasone 1 mg/neomycin sulfate 3.5 mg/polymyxin B Sulfate 6,000 IU, Maxitrol, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) 4시간 간격으로 3개월간 점안하였으며, 경구 스테로 이드 40 mg (Prednisolone, SOLONDO, Yuhan Corp., Seoul, Korea)을 3개월간 복용하였다. 현재는 순환기내과에서 경 구 스테로이드 2.5 mg (Prednisolone, SOLONDO, Yuhan Corp.)을 복용 유지 중에 있다. 수술 3개월 후 교정시력 우 안 0.4로 호전되었고, 안압은 비접촉안압계 검사상 우안 안압 12 mmhg로 측정되었으며, 홍채에 신생혈관은 보이 Figure 3. Carotid dopplersonograph of the patient. Carotid dopplersonograph shows total occlusion of right common carotid artery (black arrowhead), severe stenosis of left common carotid artery (blue arrowhead), over 70% stenosis of right subclavian artery (yellow arrowhead). A 지 않았으며, 안저 검사상 망막하액이 일부 드문드문 산재 해 있는 것을 관찰하였다. 수술 전후 백내장은 관찰되지 않았다. B C Figure 4. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient. (A, B) Magnetic resonance imaging (3D TOF COW MR angiography) shows severe stenosis of right ophthalmic artery to retina against left ophthalmic artery (white arrowhead). (C) 3Dreconstructed maximal intensity projection magnetic resonance angiography shows severe stenosis of right subclavian artery (white arrowhead). 603

5 - 대한안과학회지 2017 년제 58 권제 5 호 - 고찰 타카야수동맥염은아시아및아프리카에주로나타나며, 대동맥과대동맥궁그리고주변분지의만성육아종성염증을동반한자가면역질환중의하나이다. 동맥염은동맥벽의전층을침범하며내막의증식및섬유화, 탄력층의변성및파괴를초래할수있다. 타카야수동맥염으로인해나타나는안증상은크게고혈압망막병증과타카야수망막병증두가지로나뉘며, 타카야수망막병증은단계에따라다양하게나타난다. 가장심한 4단계에서는증식망막병증, 유리체출혈, 이로인한이차적인견인망막박리를동반할수있다. Peter et al 7 은타카야수동맥염으로인한안증상으로형광안저혈관조영술을시행한 35명의환자중 15% 에서타카야수망막병증, 7% 에서안허혈증후군, 16% 에서고혈압망막병증을보고하였고, 타카야수망막병증과안허혈증후군은잘측정되지않는상지혈압과유의한관련성이있음을보고하였다. Kuwahara et al 11 은 16년간타카야수동맥염을앓던 57세여자환자에서양안시력저하를주소로내원하여견인망막박리를동반한심한증식망막병증을확인하고유리체절제술을시행하였으나시신경위축으로인해시력을회복하지못한증례를보고하였다. 그간의보고들은타카야수동맥염을이미진단받은환자들에서활동기에나타날수있는다양한안증상, 망막박리외드물게는포도막염, 망막동맥분지폐쇄또는각막염에대한것이었다. 본증례의경우시력저하, 변형시를주소로내원하여급속도로진행된견인망막박리등의후안부증상만으로안과에내원하여타카야수동맥염을진단받은경우로이러한유사한증례는국외에서의보고도드물뿐만아니라, 국내에서도보고된바가없다. Shailaja et al 9 은이전의안과적병력, 전신질환의병력이없는환자가점차진행되는양안시력저하, 안구통증을주소로내원하여, 양측안허혈증후군을동반한활동기타카야수동맥염을진단한증례를보고하였다. 또한 Lee et al 8 은 1년간지속되는두통, 간헐적으로반복되는일과성흑암시를주소로내원한환자에서타카야수동맥염을진단하여대동맥-우측쇄골하동맥혈관문합술을시행받은증례를보고하였다. 이외에도 Koz et al 12 은관상동맥질환을가진환자에서점차진행되는양안의시력저하, 두통, 피로감을주소로내원하여전방각과홍채의신생혈관, 망막혈관충만지연으로인한전안부및후안부의안허혈증후군소견하에타카야수동맥염을새롭게진단받은증례를보고하였다. 타카야수동맥염에서안허혈증후군또는심한증식망막병증을동반한경우예후가좋지않은것으로보고된바가많이있다. 13 Chun et al 4 은한국인에대한후향적연구에서 타카야수동맥염 4단계환자들의시력은 20/200에서안전수동으로나타났다. 당시안허혈증후군은보고되지않았다. 그외 Elizalde and Capella 14 가보고한증례에서타카야수동맥염을앓는 63세여자환자에서만성안허혈로인해홍채및전방각에신생혈관, 광범위한망막색소상피의위축, 섬유혈관증식을동반하며범망막광응고술을시행하였으나예후는좋지않음을보여주었다. 앞서언급했던 Kuwahara et al 11 이보고한증례에서도유리체절제술을통해서견인망막박리를치료하고시력을회복하고자하였으나시신경위축으로술후광각무상태에서호전되지않았다. 4 단계의타카야수동맥염환자에서시력에대한예후는좋지않았으나안과수술이아닌타카야수동맥염으로인한막힌대혈관문합을통한혈관성형술로시력호전을보인증례는몇있었다 Peter et al 2 은새롭게대동맥궁의혈관성형술을통해서 20/120이었던시력이 20/50까지호전된증례를보고하였다. 본증례와유사하게저자들이 MEDLINE ( 을통해검색해본바로는소수의증례들만이보고되었지만유리체수술이타카야수동맥염으로인한합병성망막병증에도움이된다는보고가있다. Pelegrín et al 13 은타카야수동맥염으로진단받고, 양안안허혈증후군, 좌안허혈성시신경병증을가진환자에서유리체절제술, 범망막눈속레이저, 전방및유리체내베바시주맙주입술을시행하였고, 5개월후유리체출혈및망막의신생혈관은관찰되지않았고, 홍채신생혈관도호전되었음을보고하였다. 타카야수동맥염의경우대개두통, 실신, 일과성흑암시등신경학적, 전신적인증상을주소로내원하여진단하게되나본증례는시력저하등의안과적증상을주소로내원하여망막허혈및견인망막박리를동반한타카야수동맥염으로진단받은경우이다. 전신병력이없는젊은여성에서망막허혈및증식망막병증, 견인망막박리발생시, 타카야수동맥염이원인일수있어이를감별진단으로고려해야할필요가있다. REFERENCES 1) Panja M, Mondal PC. Current status of aortoarteritis in India. J Assoc Physicians India 2004;52: ) Peter J, Joseph G, David S, Danda D. Regression of takayasu retinopathy after revascularization of occluded branches of the aortic arch by percutaneous angioplasty. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2013; 7: ) Baba T, Itakura K, Tanaka R, et al. Importance of fluorescein angiographic study in evaluating early retinal changes in Takayasu disease. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1999;43: ) Chun YS, Park SJ, Park IK, et al. The clinical and ocular manifes- 604

6 - 이가인외 : 견인망막박리에서진단된타카야수동맥염 - tations of Takayasu arteritis. Retina 2001;21: ) Kiyosawa M, Baba T. Ophthalmological findings in patients with Takayasu disease. Int J Cardiol 1998;66 Suppl 1:S141-7; discussion S149. 6) Sagar S, Kar S, Gupta A, Sharma BK. Ocular changes in Takayasu's arteritis in India. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1994;38: ) Peter J, David S, Danda D, et al. Ocular manifestations of Takayasu arteritis: a cross-sectional study. Retina 2011;31: ) Lee JC, Wang MY, Damodar D, et al. Headache and whiteout vision as the presenting symptoms in a case of Takayasu retinopathy. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2014;8: ) Shailaja S, Vivek G, Shetty R, Kamath Y. 'Eye is a window to the pulse': bilateral ocular ischaemic syndrome as a presenting manifestation of Takayasu arteritis. BMJ Case Rep 2013;2013. pii: bcr ) Peter J, Joseph G, Mathew V, Peter JV. Visual loss in Takayasu Arteritis - Look Beyond the Eye. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8: MD ) Kuwahara C, Imamura Y, Okamura N, et al. Severe proliferative retinopathy progressing to blindness in a japanese woman with takayasu disease. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;135: ) Koz OG, Ates A, Numan Alp M, et al. Bilateral ocular ischemic syndrome as an initial manifestation of Takayasu's arteritis associated with carotid steal syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2007;27: ) Pelegrín L, Mesquida M, Rey A, et al. Blind runner. Surv Ophthalmol 2012;57: ) Elizalde J, Capella MJ. Takayasu's retinopathy. Int Ophthalmol 2011;31: ) Slusher MM, Richards CP. Postsurgical alterations in visual acuity, retinal vasculature, and retinal circulation times in Takayasu's disease. Retina 2002;22: ) Tracci MC, Cherry KJ. Surgical treatment of great vessel occlusive disease. Surg Clin North Am 2009;89:821-36, viii. 17) Goldman DR, Prasad PS, Schwartz SD. Dramatic resolution of extreme ocular ischemia in a case of Takayasu's arteritis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2013;44: = 국문초록 = 견인망막박리로내원하여타카야수동맥염으로진단된증례 1 예 목적 : 증식망막병증및견인망막박리등의후안부에국한된증상을주소로내원하여타카야수동맥염을안과에서진단하게되는경우는드물다. 이러한경험을보고하고자한다. 증례요약 : 23 세여자환자가내원 1 주일전시작된우안비문증, 시력저하를주소로내원하였다. 부신의양성종양외에당뇨및고혈압등의전신적질환이나안과적질환력은없었다. 안저검사상양안망막허혈과혈관신생, 우안증식망막병증및견인망막박리가관찰되었으나홍채혈관신생등의소견은없었다. 이에유리체절제술, 견인막제거술, 범망막광응고술, 유리체강내베바시주맙주입술을시행받았다. 이후염증완화를위해스테로이드점안약과경구스테로이드제제를복용하였다. 원인질환을밝히기위한검사가시행되었으며, 경동맥초음파검사상에서양측경동맥내막의두께증가와심한협착이확인되었다. 임상적인소견을종합해볼때타카야수동맥염의비활동기로진단하였다. 이에순환기내과, 혈관외과에서는경과관찰하면서혈관문합술을고려중에있다. 결론 : 망막허혈및견인망막박리등의후안부증상을주로보이는젊은환자에서타카야수동맥염을감별진단하여야한다. < 대한안과학회지 2017;58(5): > 605

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