J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent 42(2) 2015 ISSN (print) ISSN (online) Optimum Treatment P

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1 ISSN (print) ISSN (online) Optimum Treatment Parameters for Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy on Streptococcus mutans Biofilms Seojung Choi 1, Howon Park 1, Juhyun Lee 1, Hyunwoo Seo 1, Siyoung Lee 2 1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Photochemotherapy using a combination of erythrosine and standard halogen dental curing lights on the viability of Streptococcus mutans in the biofilm phase. To investigate the optimum treatment parameters, the researchers controlled the concentration of erythrosine, light irradiation time and the treatment time of erythrosine. The higher concentration of erythrosine (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 M) in the presence of light irradiation created greater effects in reducing the viability of S. mutans. The results showed a statistically significant difference among the antimicrobial effects in 20, 40, 80 M erythrosine. The higher irradiation time of light (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75s) in the presence of erythrosine showed greater effects in reducing the viability of S. mutans. There was statistically significant difference in 30, 60, 75 seconds. The higher treatment time of erythrosine (0, 1, 2.5, 5min) in the presence of erythrosine created greater effects on reduction of S. mutans viability. Statistically significant differences were found between 2.5 and 5 minutes of erythrosine treatment time. The results of this study showed that the photochemotherapy on S. mutans using erythrosine and the halogen dental curing lights conventionally used in dental clinics is effective in the condition of M erythrosine concentration, irradiation time over 30 seconds, and erythrosine treatment time over 2.5 minutes. Key words : Photochemotherapy, Halogen Dental Curing Lights, Photosensitizing Agents, Erythrosine Ⅰ. 서론청소년기구강내주요상병으로는부정교합, 치주질환, 치아우식증, 치아침식증, 악관절질환등다양한질환들을들수있으나, 전통적으로가장큰비중을차지하고있는것은치아우식증이다 1). 치아우식증은치면세균막세균의당대사를통해생성되는산에의해치질이탈회되는과정으로이루어지는세균성치아경조직질환으로, 치주질환과함께구강내에서발생하는양대구강병의하나이다. 치아우식증에관련된여러세균중에 서그람양성세균인Streptococcus mutans가치아우식증과직접연관되어있다는것은이미잘알려져있다 2-4). 우식을효과적으로다스리는가장좋은방법은예방과치료이다 5). 치아우식증의예방을위해서는칫솔질과같은기계적인방법으로치면세균막을잘제거해주는것이가장효과적이나환자가비협조적일경우치아우식증예방효과를기대하기힘들다는단점이있다 2). 치아우식증예방을위한방법으로항생제의사용이고려되고있으나자주사용시내성을가진세균이생성되며우식유발세 Corresponding author : Howon Park Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung, , Korea Tel: / Fax: / pedo@gwnu.ac.kr Received October 13, 2014 / Revised January 20, 2015 / Accepted January 20,

2 균뿐만아니라정상세균총도파괴되는문제점이있다 6). 또한구강내치아우식유발세균에대한백신을개발하기위한많은연구가이루어져왔지만 3), 임상적으로이용가능한백신의개발에는많은어려움이있다. 반면치아우식증을예방하기위해서불소는다양한적용방법을통해널리사용되어왔다 7). 불소에의한치아우식증예방기전에대해서는아직도논란이계속되고있으나, 법랑질의내산성증가, 재광화의촉진, 치면세균막의우식유발능력의감소등이일반적으로받아들여지고있다 8). 치아우식증을예방하기위해최근에연구되고있는방법으로광역동치료가있다 9). 광역동치료는세균의세포벽에친화성이있는광감각제가특정파장의빛을흡수하여세균을손상시킬수있는활성산소나자유라디칼 (free radical) 을생성하여항균효과를나타낸다 10). 광역동치료는광감각제가부착되는치면세균막에만작용하여구강내정상세균총에는영향을거의미치지않고우식유발세균에선택적으로작용하는효과적인항생요법이라할수있다 11). 이전연구들에서광역동치료가구강내세균에효과가있음이밝혀졌지만 11-14), 광역동치료를위해고안된특수광원인레이저나 LED를사용하였다 15-19). 그러나최근에는치과에서흔히사용되고있는할로겐광중합기를광원으로사용하고광감각제로 erythrosine을적용한광역동치료에서도구강내세균에대한항균작용이매우효과적임이보고되어광역동치료를위한특수장비없이도광역동치료가가능함을제시하였다 19-21). 광역동치료의효과는광원의종류, 광조사거리, 광조사시간, 광감각제의종류및농도, 그리고광감각제의접촉시간등에의해영향을받을수있다. 이러한실험조건차이로인한결과가다양하게나타나고있어서치과에서치아우식예방을위한광역동치료시의조건을표준화할필요가있다. 본연구에서는치과에서흔히사용되는기구인할로겐광중합기를광원으로, 치면세균막착색제인 erythrosine을광감각제로사용하여 S. mutans biofilm에대한광역동치료를시행할때의최적조건을알아보기위해서 erythrosine의농도와광조사시간및광감각제의접촉시간에따른광역동치료의효과를비교하였다. Ⅱ. 연구재료및방법 측정계 (Light Intensity Meter; Dentamerica, San Jose, CA, USA) 를이용하여출력을점검하였다. 2. 세균과배양조건 (Bacterial strains and culture conditions) S. mutans biofilm 형성을위해강릉원주대학교치과대학구강미생물학교실에서보관하고있던 S. mutans ATCC 균주를분양받아사용하였다. 5% CO2 의호기성조건에서 37 의온도로 18시간동안 brain heart infusion broth(bhi) (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) 에서배양하였다. 분광광도계 (Smart Plus 2700; Young-woo inst., Seoul, Korea) 로세균혼탁용액의혼탁도를측정하여총세균수를산정하였다. 혼탁도와세균수와관련된표준곡선을사용하여세포희석에이용하였다. Biofilm 형성을위해접종할세균의준비를위하여 PBS를이용하여 107 Colony Forming Unit/mL(CFU ml -1 ) 로희석하였다. 3. S. mutans Biofilm 형성 24-well cell culture cluster(corning Costar, 3524, flat bottom; Corning Glass, Corning, NY, USA) 에 BHI broth 990 μl 를주입하고, 10 7 CFU/mL의 S. mutans 배양액 10 μl 를접종 ( 최종세균농도 : 10 4 CFU/mL) 한후, 5% CO2, 37 에서 20시간배양하여 S. mutans biofilm을형성시켰다. 4. 광역동처치 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well에서 1 ml의배양액을제거하고 1 ml의 PBS로두번세척하여미부착세균을제거한후다음의각조건에따라 PBS로희석한 erythrosine 용액을 1 ml 주입하고광조사하였다. 1) Erythrosine 농도 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well에 PBS로희석한 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를주입한후광조사하였다. 광조사시간은이등 14) 의보고를참조하여 30초동안조사하였다. 1. 광감각제 (Photosensitizer) 및광원 (Light source) 광감각제로 1 mm의 erythrosine 용액 (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) 을인산완충생리식염수 (phosphatebuffered saline, PBS) 를이용하여여러가지농도 (10, 20, 40, 80 μm) 로희석하여사용하였다. erythrosine 실험용액은여과살균처리한후 -20 의광원이차단된곳에서보관하면서실험에사용하였다. 광원은치과에서일반적으로사용되고있는할로겐중합기 (XL 3000; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) 를이용하였으며, 광원의직경은 8 mm이다. 출력은 600 mw/cm 2 이며광도 2) 빛조사시간이등 14) 의보고를참조하여 PBS로희석한 20 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well 에주입한후각각0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75초간광조사하였다. 3) Erythrosine 처리시간 S. mutans biofilm과 erythrosine의접촉시간경과에따른효과를비교하기위해 20 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well에주입한후 0분, 1분, 2분30 초, 5분이경과한후 30초간광조사하였다. 152

5. 1) - 3) 의실험조건에대한광역동치료효과비교각조건에따른실험후각 well을 10초간두번초음파처리 (VC 100; Sonics & Materials Inc., Danbury, CT, USA) 하여세균부유액으로만들고, 두개의혈액한천배지 (Hanil- KOMED, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea) 에각각50 μl 의배양액을도말하였다.

3 5. 1) - 3) 의실험조건에대한광역동치료효과비교각조건에따른실험후각 well을 10초간두번초음파처리 (VC 100; Sonics & Materials Inc., Danbury, CT, USA) 하여세균부유액으로만들고, 두개의혈액한천배지 (Hanil- KOMED, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea) 에각각50 μl 의배양액을도말하였다. 5% CO2, 37 에서 72시간배양한후 CFU를측정하여평균값으로각조건에따른광역동치료효과를비교하였다. 6. 통계분석통계처리는 95% 의신뢰도로일원배치분산분석 (SPSS, version 21.0;SPSS Inc., Armonk, New York, USA) 을이용해각각의실험군간의차이를비교하였으며사후검정으로 Tukey HSD 검정법과 LSD 검정법을사용하였다. Ⅲ. 연구성적 가할수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였다. 20, 40, 80 μm 의 erythrosine 농도에서광역동치료의효과가 0, 10 μm 의 erythrosine 농도보다통계적으로유의한차이를나타냈지만, 20, 40, 80 μm 농도의세군사이에는유의한차이가없었다 (Fig. 1, 2). 2. 광조사시간이광역동치료효과에미치는영향에대한평가 20 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well에주입한후각각0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75초간광조사를시행한결과광조사시간이길어질수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였다. 광조사시간을 30, 60, 75초시행한군에서 0, 5, 15초간광조사를시행한군보다광역동치료의효과가통계적으로유의한차이를보였으나, 30, 60, 75초각세군사이의통계적유의성은없었다 (Fig. 3, 4). 3. Erythrosine 처리시간이광역동치료효과에미치는영향에대한평가 1. Erythrosine 농도가광역동치료효과에미치는영향에대한평가 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를주입한후 30초동안광조사를실시한결과 erythrosine의농도가증 20 μm 의 erythrosine 용액 1 ml를 S. mutans biofilm이형성된 well에주입한후 0분, 1분, 2분30초, 5분의처리시간을거쳐 30초간광조사한결과 erythrosine과의접촉시간이늘어날수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 2분30초군과 5분군에서통계적유의성을보였다 (Fig. 5, 6). Fig. 1. CFU by concentration of erythrosine. Data represents mean values and error bars represent standard deviations. *, (*) : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05 * : Post-hoc by Tukey HSD test (*) : Post-hoc by LSD test : No significant difference among each groups. Fig. 2. Cell death % by concentration of erythrosine. Data represents cell death % and error bars represent standard deviations. * : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05, Post-hoc by Tukey HSD test. 153

Fig. 3. CFU by irradiation time of light. Data represents mean values and error bars represent standard deviations. *, (*) : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.

Data represents cell death % and error bars represent standard deviations. * : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05, Post-hoc by Tukey HSD test. Fig. 5.

4 Fig. 3. CFU by irradiation time of light. Data represents mean values and error bars represent standard deviations. *, (*) : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05 * : Post-hoc by Tukey HSD test (*) : Post-hoc by LSD test : No significant difference among each groups. Fig. 4. Cell death % by irradiation time of light. Data represents cell death % and error bars represent standard deviations. * : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05, Post-hoc by Tukey HSD test. Fig. 5. CFU by treatment time of erythrosine. Data represents mean values and error bars represent standard deviations. * : Compared with other groups, statistically significant with p < 0.05, Post-hoc by LSD test. Fig. 6. Cell death % by treatment time of erythrosine. Data represents cell death % and error bars represent standard deviations. There was no significant difference among treatment times (p < 0.05). Ⅳ. 총괄및고찰치아우식을예방하기위한많은방법들이개발되고있으며, 광감각제를사용하여치아우식유발세균을억제할수있는광역동치료는 1990년대부터꾸준히연구되어왔다 10-14). 치아우식예방을위한광역동치료는구강내질환을야기하는 biofilm을줄이는적합한방법으로덜침습적이고독성이없는안전한치료방법중하나로알려져있으며광원, 광감각제그리고조직내산소의 3가지요소가상호작용하여성공적치료가이루어질수있다 10,11). 154

5 광역동치료에사용되는광감각제는세균의세포벽에친화성이있으며, 광조사에의해활성화되어세균의세포벽에손상을일으키게된다. 이렇게활성화된광감각제분자는인접세포벽분자에에너지를전이시키고, 세균을손상시키거나사멸시킬수있는활성산소나자유라디칼을생성하여항균효과를갖게된다 22). 대부분의연구들에서광감각제를활성화시키기위한광원으로레이저를흔히사용해왔다 15-18,23). 그러나최근복잡한술식이필요없고값이저렴한광원들이레이저대신소개되고있다. 본연구에서사용한광원도치과에서일반적으로사용되고있는할로겐중합기 (XL 3000; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) 를이용하였으며광감각제역시치과에서치면착색제로흔히사용하는 erythrosine을사용하였다. erythrosine은사용시독성이거의없으며식품첨가물로사용될만큼안전한약제이다 24). Erythrosine의농도를 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μm 로변화시켜광역동치료의효과를비교한결과 erythrosine의농도가증가할수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였다. 대조군과비교시 erythrosine의농도가 20, 40, 80 μm 인군에서통계적유의성이나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 세군간의통계적유의성은없었다. 구강내균주를배양해사용한정등 21) 의연구에서도 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 μm 로 erythrosine의농도를변화시켰을때농도가증가할수록항균효과가증가했으며각농도의군모두통계적유의성이있었다. 정등 21) 의연구도본논문과동일하게할로겐광중합기를광원으로, 광감각제로 erythrosine을사용하였지만균주를부유상태 (planktonic phase) 로실험하였다. 이것이저농도에서의광역동치료에대한항균효과가본논문보다통계적으로유의성있게높아진이유로생각된다. 이등 19) 은 20 μm 의 erythrosine과 30초의할로겐광조사시본연구결과와는달리 cell death가유의성있게증가하였다고보고하였다. 이차이는실험시형성된 biofilm의두께차이로인한것으로생각된다. 그러나이등 19) 과정등 21) 및본보고에서는임상에서사용되는 erythrosine의농도인 9-25 mm 보다훨씬저농도를사용하였기때문에고농도의 erythrosine을광감각제로사용한추가적연구가필요할것으로사료된다. 광조사시간을 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75초로변화시켰을경우조사시간이길어질수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였다. 대조군과비교시 30, 60, 75초군에서통계적유의성이나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 세군사이의통계적차이는없었다. 광조사시간을 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60초로변화시킨박등 20) 의연구에서도광조사시간이길어질수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 30초이상의광조사시항균효과가통계적으로유의성있게증가했다. 또한 S. mutans biofilm을사용한 Metcalf 등 25) 의연구에서도 erythrosine을광감각제로사용한광역동치료의효과가광조사량에비례한다고보고되었다. 할로겐과 erythrosine을사용한비슷한연구들 19-21,25,26) 에서광조사시간이나광감각제의농도가광역동치료에미치는영향에대한분석은다수있지만광감각제의접촉시간이미치는 영향에관한보고는거의없었다. 본연구에서는광감각제와의접촉시간이길면광감각제가치면세균막으로의침투가증가하여광역동치료의효가가증가될것을기대하며실험을진행하였다. 연구결과 erythrosine의처리시간을변화시켰을경우접촉시간이늘어날수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으나 erythrosine 처리시간을 2.5분, 5분처리한군에서만통계적유의성이있었다. 위의결과들을종합해볼때할로겐광중합기를광원으로, 치면세균막착색제인 erythrosine을광감각제로사용하여 S. mutans biofilm에대한광역동치료를시행할때 erythrosine 의농도를 μm 이상, 광조사시간을 30초이상, 그리고 erythrosine의처리시간을 2분30초이상으로사용하는것이효과적임을알수있다. 그러나 erythrosine 접촉시간을 2분30초이상되게하는것은임상적적용에있어서비효율적이라생각되며, 다른조건인광감각제의농도나광원의조사시간을조정하는것이더효율적일것으로사료된다. 또본연구에서는할로겐광중합기와 erythrosine을사용하여 S. mutans에대한광역동치료를시행할때의최적조건을알아보기위해서 S. mutans ATCC25175 균으로실험실에서배양한 biofilm을사용하였다. 그러나치면에서치아우식을유발하는세균들은구강내 biofilm의형태로조직화되어있으며, 세포외다당류의존재, 세포대사활성의차이, 유전자발현의차이등으로실험실에서배양한 biofilm과는다른특성을가지게된다. 이런특성들로인해구강내에서성장하는세균들은광역동치료에대해더큰저항성을가지게될것이다. 따라서구강내 biofilm에대한광역동치료의연구와다양한구강내세균들에대한연구가진행될필요가있을것으로생각된다. 또한추후임상실험을통한항우식효과에대한검정또한필요할것이다. Ⅴ. 결론 S. mutans biofilm에대한광역동치료를시행할때의최적조건을알아보기위해서 erythrosine의농도와광조사시간및광감각제의접촉시간에따른광역동치료의효과를비교하였다. Erythrosine의농도를 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μm 로변화시킨결과농도가증가할수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 20, 40, 80 μm 의세군에서통계적유의성이나타났다. 광조사시간을 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75초로변화시킨결과조사시간이길어질수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 30초, 60 초, 75초의세군에서통계적유의성이나타났다. erythrosine 처리시간을 0분, 1분, 2분30초, 5분으로변화시킨결과 erythrosine과의접촉시간이늘어날수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 2분30초군과 5분군에서통계적유의성을보였다. 이상의결과로광감각제로사용한 erythrosine의농도를 μm, 광원으로사용한할로겐광중합기의광조사시간을

6 초이상, 광감각제인 erythrosine을 2분30초이상처리하여사용하는것이치아우식예방을위한광역동치료에효과적이었다. References 1. Bomin Kwon, Ikhyun Bae, Shin Kim, et al. : Dental caries status of year old adolescents in Yangsan area. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent, 41:8-17, Loe H : Oral hygiene in the prevention of caries and periodental disease. Int Dent J, 50: , Smith DJ : Dental caries vaccines: prospects and concerns. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 13: , Marsh PD : Microbiologic aspects of dental plague and dental caries. Dent Clin North Am, 43: , Francisco Ramos-Gomez, Young Jae Kim, Man-Wai Ng, et al. : New visions in pediatric dentistry keeping healthy teeth caries free: Pediatric cambra protocols. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent, 40:72-82, Hoyle BD, Costerton JW : Bacterial resistance to antibiotics : the role of biofilms. Prog Drug Res, 37:91-105, Ka-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Lee, Nan-Young Lee : Evaluation of fluoride-releasing capacity from polyvinyl alcohol polymer tape supplemented with NaF in oral cavity. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent, 40:89-97, Hellwig E, Lennon AM : Systemic versus topical fluoride. Caries Res, 38: , Jongcheol Park, Howon Park, Siyoung Lee : Enhancement of erythrosine photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans by chlorhexidine. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent, 40: , Wesley MS, Cynthia MA, Johan EL : Photodynamic therapeutics: basic principles and clinical applications. DDT, 4: , Konopka K, Goslinski T : Photodynamic therapy in dentistry. J Dent Res, 86: , Nikolaos S. : Photodynamic therapy in the control of oral biofilms. Periodontology 2000, 55: , Juliana YN : Antibacterial photodynamic therapy for dental caries : Evaluation of the photosensitizers used and light source properties. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 9: , Zanin IC, Goncalves RB : Susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans biofilms to photodynamic therapy: an in vitro study. J Antimicrob Chemother 56, 56: , Chan Y, Lai CH : Bactericidl effects of different laser wavelengths on periodontopathic germs in photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci, 18:51-55, Dobson J, Wilson M : Sensitization of oral bacteria in biofilms to killing by light from a low-power laser. Arch Oral Biol, 37: , Giusti JS, Snatos PL : Antimicrobial photodynamic action on dentin using a light-emitting diode light source. Photomed Laser Surg, 26: , Costa AC, Chibebe JJ : Susceptibility of planktonic cultures of Streptococcus mutans to photodynamic therapy with a light-emitting diode. Braz Oral Res 24: , Lee YH, Park HW, Lee JH, et al. : The photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans biofilms using erythrosine and dental halogen curing unit. Int J Oral Sci, 4: , Park MS, Park HW : Susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans to photodynamic therapy with erythrosine and dental halogen curing unit. Gangneung: Gangneung-Wonju National University; Jung JS, Park HW, Lee JH : The effect of photodynamic therapy on the viability of Streptococcus mutans isolated from oral cavity. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent, 39: , Dougherty TJ, Gomer CJ : Photodynamic therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst, 90: , Okamoto H, Iwase T : Dye-mediated bactercidal effect of He-Ne laser irradiation on oral microorganisms. Lasers Surg Med, 12: , Marsh PD, Bevis RA, Newman HN : Antibacterial activity of some plaque-disclosing agents and dyes. Caries Res, 23: , Metcalf D, Robinson C, Devine D, et al. : Enhancement of erythrosine-mediated photodynamic therapy of Streptococcous mutans biofilms by light fractionation. J Antimicrob Chemother, 58: , Wood S, Metcalf D : Erythrosine is a potential photosensitizer for the photodynamic therapy of oral plaque biofilms. J Antimicrob Chemother, 57: ,

7 국문초록 Streptococcus mutans biofilm 에대한광역동치료의최적조건에관한연구 최서정 1 박호원 1 이주현 1 서현우 1 이시영 2 1 강릉원주대학교치과대학소아치과학교실 2 강릉원주대학교치과대학미생물학및면역학교실및구강과학연구소 할로겐광중합기를광원으로, 치면세균막착색제인 erythrosine을광감각제로사용하여 S. mutans biofilm에대한광역동치료를시행할때의최적조건을알아보기위해서 erythrosine의농도와광조사시간및광감각제의접촉시간에따른광역동치료의효과를비교하였다. erythrosine의농도를 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μm 로변화시킨결과농도가증가할수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 40 μm 과 80 μm 의두군에서통계적유의성이나타났다. 광조사시간을 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75초로변화시킨결과조사시간이길어질수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 30초, 60초, 75초의세군에서통계적유의성이나타났다. erythrosine 처리시간을 0분, 1분, 2분30초, 5분으로변화시킨결과 erythrosine과의접촉시간이늘어날수록항균효과가증가하는경향을보였으며 2분30초군과 5분군에서통계적유의성을보였다. 이상의결과로광감각제로사용한 erythrosine의농도를 μm, 광원으로사용한할로겐광중합기의광조사시간을 30초이상, 광감각제인 erythrosine을 2분30초이상처리하여사용하는것이치아우식예방을위한광역동치료에효과적임을알수있다. 주요어 : Photochemotherapy, Halogen Dental Curing Lights, Photosensitizing Agents, Erythrosine 157

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( )Kju269.hwp 만성세균성전립선염모델흰쥐에서 의항염효과 Anti-inflammatory Effect of Lycopene on Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Rat Model Cho Hwan Yang, Dong Wan Sohn, Yong-Hyun Cho From the Department of Urology, The Catholic University