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1 Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 48 No. 1 pp. 40~ DOI: /KCERS Approach to Compositional Effect on Properties of Aspherical Optical Glass for GMP Process with Design of Experiments Jee-hun Maeng* Hyeong-Jun Kim Ah-Reum Jung* Jong-Cheol Kim** an Sung-Churl Choi* Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology Icheon Korea *Division of Materials Science & Engineering Hanyang University Seoul Korea **Eglass. Corp. Siheung Korea (Receive November ; Revise December ; Accepte December ) x z w GMP Ÿw e z x*á½x Á *Á½ **Á * w» *w w œw **( ) ( ; ; ) ABSTRACT In this stuy the composition of optical glass for GMP(glass moling process) was esigne with Design of Experiments metho. All the composition batch was performe by Create Factorial Design metho. Particularly SiO 2 BaO an Al 2 were chosen major parameters for investigating the effects of components on optical an thermal properties. BaO an Al 2 strongly influence on optical an thermal properties respectively. Finally the approximate values of esire optical an thermal values were obtaine by microtuning of compositions. At the composition of BaO:Al 2 :SiO 2 =10:4:48 (molar ratio) refractive inex(n ) was coefficient of thermal expansion(cte) was / o C. Key wors : Optical glass Refractive inex GMP Aspherical lens Design of experiments 1. (aspherical lens) t š w (spherical lens) t š w xk mew. ƒ œ xk» ù fkp. ƒ rsw w r sw r (eccentric ratio) w. 1) (spherical aberration) ƒ p ù Ÿ (paraxial ray) ƒ ù Ÿ (abaxial ray) ew x. w e Ÿw (paraxial approximation) w» w. 2) w» Corresponing author : Hyeong-Jun Kim golbu@kicet.re.kr Tel : Fax : w ww Ÿw w š w š j v w Ÿw œw» w w ƒ. w ww Ÿw w w. r Ÿ Ÿ w». w w e w s CD/DVD v Ÿ ƒ ù x ¾ w Ÿw ƒ Ÿw w wš wš ¾ œ w ƒƒ. Koak y glass moling process(gmp) w z œ x 34) š j z ƒ. GMP ww Ÿw š š. ù» Ÿw 40

2 x z w GMP Ÿw e z 41 Table 1. Composition Designe by Design of Experiments Metho an Properties BaO (mol%) SiO 2 (mol%) Al 2 (mol%) CTE ( 10-7 / o C) T g ( o C) T sp ( o C) n (stanar error) DOE (±0.0005) DOE (±0.0003) DOE (±0.0006) DOE (±0.0006) DOE (±0.0001) DOE (±0.0001) DOE (±0.0010) DOE (±0.0005) w w ù» wš» w. w px x 5-7) ù x x. ƒ w. w s x e ƒ Ÿw (n =1.583 v=59.38) ƒ ƒwš w y x w x.» p Ÿw w w x z (esign of experiments) w. e (factorial esign) w» w š y Ÿ p p y w z w. m w Ÿp p w. 2. x x z w Ÿw wš w e w w š w.»k Schott OHARA HOYA Ÿw 5-7) w š š ƒw Li 2 O Na 2 O K 2 O B 2 ZnO kw. ƒƒ w (mol%) Table 1 ùkü DOE1-DOE8 w š w. x z x w z w w wš w w x wš l w w m w xz ƒ zw š w. ƒ š ƒ yw w y Ÿw 3 2 x z w w. (factor) SiO 2 BaO Al 2 w š ƒ (level) 2 y g Table 1 ùkü. w š Na 2 O B 2 K 2 O ZnO Li 2 Oƒ. SiO 2 BaC Al(OH) 3 NaC H 3 B K 2 C ZnO LiC w. ³ w yw w 3Dturbulant mixer 1 yww. ƒ ƒ w š» w 1450 o C 2 w. 475 o C ƒ q p š þw. š ùkü ù r strain viewer (striae) (mm 3 ) j» r ƒ (4 w) Precision refractometer (KALNEW KPR-2) w sƒw. T g T sp q Dilatometer (Linseis L ) w w. 3. š 3.1. y z Ÿw» Ÿ l n w rw(eflection) j. n w rw x (refraction)p. w (refractive inex) Ÿw p ƒ ù. w ƒ j š. w j Ÿw q (CTE coefficient of thermal expansion)ƒ û w. q ƒ j þ (annealing) x w q ƒ w». Schott OHARA HOYA t 5-7) Ÿw Ÿw t w. t n =1.583 v=59.38 q a ( ) = / o C T g =506 o C. x mw w Ÿw y w. 5-7) ù ƒ w e w w». 48«1y(2011)

3 맹지헌 김형준 정아름 김종철 최성철 42 Fig. 1. (a) Pareto chart of the refractive inex(n ) (b) main effects plot for refractive inex(n ) (c) interaction plot for refractive inex(n ). Fig. 2. 에서 제시된 조성에서 유리형성제(network former)로서 가 장 많은 비율을 차지하는 주요 성분 SiO 의 굴절률(n )은 1.458(Appen에 의함)로 목표 값보다 매우 낮다. 따라서 굴절률(n ) 증진 효과가 큰 것으로 잘 알려진 BaO(굴절률 2 8) 한국세라믹학회지 (a) Pareto chart of the coefficient of thermal expansion (b) main effects plot for CTE (c) interaction plot for CTE. n =1.880 Appen에 의함)를 주요 성분으로 선택 하였다. 또한 열팽창계수를 조절하기 위하여 Al O 를 주요 성분 으로 선택 하였다. 우선 BaO의 함량 변화에 따른 물성 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 Table 1의 DOE1-DOE4와 같이 89) 2 10) 3

4 x z w GMP Ÿw e z 43 Table 2. Micro Tuning of Optical an Thermal Properties by Composition Exchanging BaO SiO 2 Al 2 n v F n n C CTE T (mol%) (mol%) (mol%) (stanar error) (stanar error) (stanar error) ( 10-7 g T sp / o C) ( o C) ( o C) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0002) (±0.0002) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0001) (±0.0002) SiO 2 w 48 mol% 58 mol% 2 ewš ƒƒ w BaO w 5mol% 15 mol% 2 w. w Al 2 ƒ y w» w Table 1 DOE5-DOE8 DOE1-DOE4 Al 2 ƒƒ 5mol% ƒ w. DOE1-DOE8 (n ) q (CTE) w z Figs. 1 2 ƒƒ ùkü. Table 1 (n ) ƒ r 4 w s³ t w ùkü. Fig. 1 (a) (n ) w w Pareto chart ùkü m w ƒ ùkû ù BaO w (n ) j w eš. Fig. 1 (b) (n ) w z. SiO 2 Al 2 w ƒw (n ) w w. SiO 2 w ƒw ƒ ƒ ƒw» š 14) Al 2 w ƒw w». 14) BaO w ƒw (n ) ƒw w. Fig. 1 (c) SiO 2 Al 2 BaO y z. SiO 2 -BaO SiO 2 -Al 2 BaO-Al 2 ƒƒ w y w w»» ƒ y. BaO PbO w 2ƒ(bivalent) y (n ) ƒ z ƒ ƒ w. j (heavy element) w Baƒ ƒ ƒ j» 911). p BaO PbO (n) ƒ j (ispersion) ƒ j La 2 w p» Ÿ 911) w w. Fig. 2 (a) Pareto chart q (CTE) y w w. ù Al 2 q w eš. Fig. 2 (b) z v Al 2 SiO 2 w ƒ w BaO w w q w w. Fig. 2 (c) y z (n ) ƒ y y w. Al 2 ƒ q ƒ w Al-O w (boning strength) ƒ w». w x w tetrahera [SiO 4 ] w x w network w j» 10). Table 1 y (T g ) m l y (T sp ) y ùkü. t 506 C w û o ùkû.» Ÿw w GMP w w w. SiO 2 w ƒw T g T sp j ƒw w. SiO 2 w ƒw w w tetrahera [SiO 4 ] network wì ƒw» 12). BaO Al 2 w y w w w q w t w» w DOE56 w q x ww. DOE56 kw t (n ) DOE5 (n ) DOE6 (n ) w w wš q t w». BaO w DOE56 10 mol% w (n ) t w q a ( ) = / o C. x Al 2 ƒ ƒ (n ) w w. Al 2 w mol% g (n ) w. Table 2 Figs. 3 4 ƒƒ ùkü. Table 2 (n ) ƒ r 4 w s³ t w ùkü. x r (striae)ƒ» ~ ü w. Fig. 3 Al 2 w y (n n F n C ) Appen w 14) w n ùkü. n. 48«1y(2011)

5 44 xá½x Á Á½ Á Fig. 3. Refractive inex(average value) change by exchanging the amount of Al 2. w ù Al 2 ƒw w. q Al 2 w 4mol% t ƒ w ( / o C). x ƒ y T g T sp y w. t ƒ w mol% BaO:Al 2 :SiO 2 =10:4:48. q t e w ù z»k (p B 2 ZnO) w mw w xw q. w (stirring) w þ ³ e w w ƒ. 4. GMP Ÿw w 3 2 x z w. SiO 2 BaO Al 2 ƒ e w w š w. BaO w ƒw (n ) ƒ w w š q yƒ. SiO 2 Al 2 w ƒw q ƒ û w š (n ) w e. SiO 2 BaO Al 2 w y T g T sp y w. BaO Al 2 w mw (n ) q w. BaO:Al 2 :SiO 2 =10:4:48 (mol%) t w (n )= (v)=58.92 q a ( )= / o C. Acknowlegment Fig. 4. CTE change by exchanging the amount of Al 2. Al 2 w w (n ) ƒw w. Al 2 w 4mol% t ƒ w ùkü. Ÿw n (ispersion) w. j (Abbe number v)ƒ (chromatic aberration)ƒ f» 13). ƒ» w n F n C wš n n F n C s ³ w Table 2 ùkü. n t ƒ w Al 2 4mol% t û. Al 2 w 2mol% ƒ w Al 2 w w ƒw»» x. REFERENCES 1. C.W. Lee Easy Optical Story(in Korean) pp MJ Meia Dae-gu Y.S. Lee Optics(in Korean) pp Chung Mun Gak Paju S.D. Kang K.S. Lee K.h. Yang H.s. Kim B. S. Park an S.j. Baek Glass Moling Press Apparatus for Manufacturing Multi Coupling Ring Lens Korean Patent H.-J. Kim D.-H. Cha S.-S. Kim an J.-H. Kim Stuy on Pressing Conitions in the Moling of Aspheric Glass Lenses for Phone Camera Moule Using Design of Experiments Proceeings of SPIE-the International Society for Optical Engineering 6717 [671709] 1-9 (2007). 5. W. Silke S. Goran an W. Ute Optical Glass U.S. patent B w wz

6 x z w GMP Ÿw e z FU JIE Optical Glass JP patent JP F. Yasuhiro M. Shuhei an T. Hiroki Optical Glass Preform for Precision Press Moling an Optical Element WO patent WO Y.Masayuki Glass-for Beginner(in Korean) pp Chung Mun Gak Paju Volf M.B. Chemical Approach to Glass pp Elsevier New York Volf M.B. Chemical Approach to Glass pp Elsevier New York H. Bach an N. Neuroth The Properties of Optical Glass pp Springer-Verlag New York Volf M.B. Chemical Approach to Glass pp Elsevier New York C.W. Lee Easy Optical Story(in Korean) pp MJ Meia Dae-gu Horst Scholze Translate by J.H. Lee Glass(in Korean) pp Chung Mun Gak Paju «1y(2011)