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1 Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 510~516, 007. Consideration of Alkali-Silica Reaction of Mortar Containing Glass Abrasive Sludge Seung-Heun Lee, Hae-Jeong Hwang, Seung-Tae Lee,* and Ki-Dong Kim Department of Material Science and Engineering, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk , Korea *Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk , Korea (Received August 18, 007; Accepted September 1, 007) yww k e - e w š x Áyw Á k*á½» w œ * w m œw œ ( ; ) ABSTRACT After observing the alkali-silica reaction of the mortar that contains glass abrasive sludge, when evaluating it by a mineral or chemical point of view, it contained reactive silica (59~ 67%) and R 0 elements (4.3~ 9.8%). Also, when evaluated by the mortar bar method, an addition of 5 wt% of CRT glass abrasive sludge is judged harmless. However when adding more, there appear severe contractions, thus carefulness is needed while using. Less than 0.10% of expansion was measured when adding up to 30wt% of flat glass However, after 30 days of the measurement, more than 0.1% rate of expansion was measured when adding more than 5 wt%. Therefore, more detailed experiments are needed in case of more than 5 wt%. Key words : Alkali silica reaction, Glass abrasive sludge, Mortar bar method 1. y w s» ƒwš š, ƒ w ys» j s ƒwš. h wš y y wš j» w y y w œw w w. w y w ³ wš š, s» ú ƒ w wù. 1) ³ e, t w s» y w ƒ. y w ³ w ù w y ³ wš, ww w ƒ w ³ y w. ) œ w s» šxs»,»ƒ», q Corresponding author : Seung-Heun Lee shlee@kunsan.ac.kr Tel : Fax : š. w CRT(cathode ray tube) z l l CRT bulb wš, panel funnel glass w y w» w ƒ» š. ù 3,4) e w wš» y wš w e - e w w q w» w w mƒ w. e - e sp p e ü e w yw e - e x mw q gj p q ³ jš w gj p» j. 4-6) ü yw e - e w m w œ y» wš w.. x.1. x x w CRT œ panel glass funnel glass w ù 510

2 Table 1. Mix Proportion of Glass Abrasive Sludge and Symbols Symbol Ordinary Portland cement (wt%) Plain 100 CRT q w w.» 110 o C w ¾ g w planetary mill Blaine 4000 cm /g¾ w. w p w» w yw,, x, Ÿ w. p 3.15 m sp p w, e - e d w w. x w ey p 5~30wt% w xw. ƒ ey Table 1 t w... r p l d yww r p w KS d w t (KS L 510) (KS L 5108) d w, k w v x (KS L 5111), (KS L 5105) ¼ y(ks F 44) d w..3. e - e x Ÿ w ASTM C 95 w gj p w x d w. XRD Ÿ yw mw yw sƒw. 10) k x ( ) p w w e w x ASTM C 7 w xw. x k ¼ y d w p w ùp ù e e» w q d w. p 1:.5 w x w w k š 3 o C»w 4 w š w z kxw» ¼ d w. 38 C o yww k e - e w š 511 Mix proportions CRT abrasive sludge (wt%) Flat glass abrasive sludge (wt%) SS 5% 95 5 SS 10% SS 0% 80 0 SS 30% BS 5% 95 5 BS 10% BS 0% 80 0 BS 30% œ e w 14 w z, Éü ¼ d w. 14 x w z 38 o C k œ k z 6 ¾ d w. e - e q» 6 q 0.1%, % q sƒw. 7-9) k x ( ) ASTM C 160 w xw. / p = 0.47, / p =.5 k wš, 4 t 4 80 C o w z s 1 N NaOH w. ¼ y d 30 ¾ d w. 3. š 3.1. p sƒ x w TV œ w CRT q ƒœ w q w. CRT(cathode ray tube) z l l CRT bulb wš, panel funnel glass w w. panel sludge monitor sy w w ù» k z. Funnel monitor funnel w ù. q ƒœ 5) q q ƒœw y ù l w w z w ƒ w. 0~30m wš x ¾ s» š. ƒœw ƒ 00» w e m. x w 105 o C 4 w Blaine 4000 cm /g w w. Table yw ùkþ. CRT q yw, w. TV q w RO R O, CRT q e e m y. š CRT Al O wt% TV 1.14 wt% {. garnet w» Al O 3 sw q ƒ. CRT 6.70 wt% j ùkþ 44«9y(007)

3 이승헌 황해정 이승태 김기동 51 Chemical Composition of Glass Abrasive Sludge (wt%) Al O Fe O CaO MgO SiO TV glass Flat glass Table. 3 며, 응집제로서 고분자인 PAC(poly aluminum chloride)를 사용하기 때문에 강열감량이 큰 것으로 생각된다. 판유리 연마슬러지는 시험 중에 융해가 발생되어 측정을 할 수 가 없었다. 판유리 연마슬러지는 일반 판유리를 가공하면 서 발생하는 슬러지이기 때문에 그 조성은 Table 에서 Physical Properties of Glass Abrasive Sludge Specific gravity Free water content (wt%) CRT glass Flat glass Table 3. Fig. 1. KO SEM image of glass Na O SO o 3.. Particle size distribution of glass 한국세라믹학회지 - Ig. loss 보듯이 거의 일반 판유리와 동일한 sodalime glass이다. 본 판유리 연마슬러지를 입수한 공장은 슬러리 상태를 약품 의 사용 없이 필터 프레스를 이용해서 단순히 수분을 제 거하는 공정을 이용하고 있으므로 판유리 조성과 슬러지 의 조성은 거의 유사하다. 연마슬러지의 물리적 성질을 Table 3에 나타냈다. 비중 을 보면 CRT 연마슬러지는.96으로 CRT 유리.6~.7 보다 큰 값을 나타냈다. 이것은 연마재로 사용된 garnet의 비중이 CRT 유리보다 큰 값이기 때문에 비중이 증가한 것으로 생각된다. 판유리 연마슬러지는.5의 값을 나타 내어 판유리의 비중.50과 유사한 값을 나타냈다. 연마 슬러지는 배출되는 과정에서 필터프레스로 수분을 제거 하지만 어느 정도의 수분을 가지고 있다. 배출된 상태에 서의 수분 함유량은 CRT 연마슬러지는 35.0 wt%, 판유리 연마슬러지는 9. wt%를 나타냈다. Fig. 1은 연마슬러지의 주사전자현미경 사진이다. CRT 연마슬러지는 표면이 거칠고 모서리가 둥근 형태를 취하 고 있으나, 판유리 연마슬러지는 표면이 매끄럽고 각진 형태를 취하고 있다. 연마슬러지의 입도분포곡선을 Fig. 에 나타냈다. 연마슬러지는 자유수분을 다량으로 함유하 고 있기 때문에 105 C에서 4시간 건조하고 Blaine 4000 cm /g으로 분쇄한 분말의 입도분포를 측정하였다. CRT 연마슬러지는 평균입경은 11.0 µm이고, 0.5~100 µm 의 입도범위에서 균일한 입자크기 분포로 존재하였다. 판 유리 연마슬러지는 평균입경이 8.8 µm이고 입경분포 범위 는 1~100 µm정도로 bimodal 형태를 취하고 있다. Fig. 3 은 연마슬러지의 XRD 결과이다. 유리질 특유의 halo가 나타나고 있으나, CRT 연마슬러지는 연마재인 garnet과 CeO 의 피크가 보여 졌다. 페이스트 및 모르타르의 물리적 특성 유리산업 부산물의 시멘트 치환에 따른 표준 주도 변 화를 Fig. 4에 나타냈다. 유리 연마슬러지의 혼합량이 증 가할수록 주도는 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 증가폭은 무 첨가에 비해 5 wt% 첨가 시 0.1, 10 wt% 첨가 시 0., 0 wt% 첨가 시 0.3~0.4, 30 wt% 첨가 시 0.5이었다. 그 러나 유리질로 구성된 고로 슬래그, 플라이 애시는 시멘 트에 치환 시 표준주도가 약간 감소하는 경향을 나타내 나, 연마슬러지는 그러한 경향이 없었다. 응결시간 측정 결과, 연마슬러지의 종류에 관계없이 응결시간이 약간씩 지연되는 경향을 나타냈다. 유리 연마슬러지는 시멘트와 치환 시 시멘트에 비해 수화반응 속도가 늦으므로 응결 Fig.. Cl

4 yww k e - e w š 513 Fig. 5. Flow value of mortar with glass Table 4. Compressive Strength Ratio at 8 Days Sample Compressive strength ratio Plain 100 (Standard) SS 5% 99.6 SS 10% 70.1 SS 0% 73.8 SS 30% 76.8 BS 5% 71.0 BS 10% 64.3 BS 0% 58.4 BS 30% 48.4 Fig. 3. XRD patterns of glass Fig. 4. Consistency of cement paste with glass w w. k v x Fig. 5 ùkþ. ƒ ƒ ƒw w ùkþ ù, ƒ y CRT ƒw w ù q j y. v x w w / w w k wš, yw w Table 4 ùkþ. ƒ ww x ùkþ. ƒ»œ ƒ w w ƒ ww ƒ. CRT q w w x f. CRT w v w» w ƒ f, w x ƒ ww d. y sƒ(ks L 5405 v y sƒ ) w 8 60 w.» w CRT 0 wt% ƒ» ù 44«9y(007)

5 514 xáyw Á ká½» Fig. 6. Compressive strength of mortar with glass abrasive sludge at constant water/binder ratio. x ƒ. w w 48.5 wt% w ƒw Fig. 6 ùkþ. ƒ ƒw w w ù kþ. ƒ w, CRT x ù ù, q 10 wt% ƒ¾ x yw. 0 wt% ƒ ƒ ƒ û w ùkþ. q ƒ CRT s w sƒ e - e sƒ Ÿ w w e - e sƒ Ÿ w wù w, w q w. ü e - e j., j m p, p p, ³ w y ƒ, j m j l y, ³ y, q v p,,,, r r, y,,, w w. 4) w Ÿ ü» w Ÿw XRD w. Table yw CRT aluminosilicate glass R O 4.4% w š, q sodalime glass R O 9.7% w, SiO 59 ~ 67% w. Fig. 3 XRD, CRT vjƒ ù, ùküš, q x vj ùküš. Ÿ w e - Fig. 7. Expansion time histories of mortar bar with CRT glass Fig. 8. Expansion time histories of mortar bar with Flat glass e sƒw, e - e w w v ƒ ùkû l ( ) w q p sƒ y w» w x e - e w w sƒw» w ASTM C 160 w sƒ w. e NaOH x w ù ƒ. ù w x d š š x. q p š Fig. 7 Fig. 8 ùkþ. ASTM C 160 w r z 16 (1N NaOH 14 ) q w sƒ ü. 0.10% q ww. 0.0% q j ww q ù w wz

6 yww k e - e w š 515 kü ~ 0.0% q w w swwš» w l ƒ š sƒw w. CRT 5wt% ƒ q %, % û e - e w q ww ƒ. ù 10 wt% ƒ % ùkþ w w w ùkþ. CRT 0 wt%, 30 wt% ƒ w k w ³ w œ w. Fig. 8 w q q 14 q 30 wt%¾ yw 0.08% ùkþ wt%, 10 wt%, 0 wt% ƒ 0.1% q ùkü. ASTM C 160 w q w CRT 5wt% ƒ ww q w š, ƒ x w w ƒ v w ùkû. q 30 wt%¾ ƒ 0.10% q ù kþ. ù 30 ƒ 5wt% 0.1% q ùkü, ƒ 5wt% w x v w k ( ) w q p sƒ ASTM C 7 w xw. 6 q 0.1% % e - e š, w w ƒ û wš. ù ASTM 160 w e - e w sƒ š š / p ASTM 160 v x w Fig. 9. Changes in length of mortar bar with CRT glass Fig. 10. Changes in length of mortar bar with Flat glass w. Fig. 9 CRT ƒ k ƒ ƒw q x û. w ƒ v x w CRT ƒ ƒ ƒ w x ƒ. e - e sƒ ww ƒ. Fig. 10 q ƒ ƒw y š ƒ w» CRT q p ùkü. q 10 ¾ q w ù, z w w ùkþ. q ƒ 0.05%» 0.1% ùkü. 4. yww k e - e p š w, Ÿ w yw sƒw e(59 ~ 67 wt%) R O (4.3 ~ 9.8 wt%) w wš e - e x. š k s ƒw TV 5wt% ƒ ww q w š, ƒ x w w ƒ v w ù kû. q 30 wt%¾ ƒ 0.10% q ùkþ. ù 30 ƒ 5wt% 0.1% q ùkü, ƒ 5wt% w x v w. 44«9y(007)

7 516 xáyw Á ká½» REFERENCE 1. M. C. Shin, Technology of Eco-materials, Ceramist, 9 [] 1-7 (006).. V. Ducman, A. Mladenovic, and J. S. Suput, Lightweight Aggregate Based on Waste glass and Its Alkali-Silica Reactivity, Cement and Concrete Research, 3 [] 3-6 (00). 3. P. J. M. Monteiro, K. Wang, and G. Sposito, Influence of Mineral Admixtures on the AAR, Cement and Concrete Research, 7 [1] (1997). 4. C. K. Yi and C. P. Ostertag, Mechanical Approach in Mitigating Alkali-silica Reaction, Cement and Concrete Research, 35 [1] (005). 5. M. Thomas, B. Fournier, K. Folliard, J. Ideker, and M. Shehata, Test Methods for Evaluating Preventive Measures for Controlling Expansion due to Alkali silica Reaction in Concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 36 [10] (006). 6. S.-B. Park, B.-C. Lee, and H.-J. kwon, Alkali-Silica Reaction of Mortar Containing Waste Glass Aggregates, J. Concrete Institute, 13 [3] 13-0 (001). 7. R. Helmuth, Alkali Aggregate Reactivity: An Overview of Research, National Research Council, Strategic Highway Research Program, SHRP-C-334 (1993). 8. K. Asaga, K. Kanai, H. Kuga, S. Hirose, and M. Daimon, Hydration of Portland Cement in Addition of Waste Bottle Glass Powder, Inorganic Materials, 4 [9] (1997). 9. Saccani, V. Bonora, and P. Monari, Laboratory Short-term Evaluation of ASR A Contribution, Cement and Concrete Research, 31 [5] (001). 10. J. Verstraete, L. Khouchaf, D. Bulteel, E. Garcia-Diaz, A. M Flank, and M. H. Tuilier, Amorphisation Mechanism of a Flint Aggregate during the Alkali silica Reaction: X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Absorption XANES Contributions Cement and Concrete Research, 34 [4] (004). w wz

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