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α α α α - 6 -

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주요방사선에너지및방출률 (y) 방사성 핵종 반감기 에너지 (MeV) 알파베타감마 y (%) 최대에너지 (MeV) y (%) 에너지 (MeV) y (%) 3.82 일 5.49 100 - - - - 3.05 min 6.00 100 - - - - 26.8 min - - 1.02 0.70 0.65 6 42 48 0.35 0.30 0.24 37 19 8 19.9 min - - 3.27 1.54 1.51 18 18 18 0.61 1.77 1.12 46 16 15 164 μs 7.69 100 - - - - - 9 -

Material Bq/kg pci/l Wood 1 0.03 Concrete 16~61 0.43~1.65 Brick 42~96 1.1~2.6 Tile 78 2.1 Wall board natural gypsum 4~10 0.11~0.27 Phosphogypsum 27 0.73 Glass wool 13~40 0.35~1.1-10 -

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21,000 명 17,400 명 8,000 명 3,900 명 2,800 명 - 16 -

160,000 명 19,000 명 14,000 명 700 명 160 명 20 명 - 17 -

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Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l EHC-054 111.74 3.02 EHC-076 116.18 3.14 5 년이하 EHC-038 115.07 3.11 EHC-063 157.25 4.25 10 년이상 0.25 초과 EHC-034 129.87 3.51 EHC-058 113.22 3.06 10 년이상 EHC-033 147.26 3.98 5 ~ 10 년 EHC-052 185.37 5.01 5 년이하 1.01 초과 EHC-021 120.25 3.25 EHC-097 123.21 3.33 10 년이상 131.94 3.57-35 -

Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l 113.96 3.08 134.051 3.623 113.22 3.06 166.315 4.495 0.495 초과 아파트 127.73 3.29 5 년이하 137.751 3.723 5 ~ 10 년 147.26 3.98 10 년이상 126.478 3.418-36 -

pci/l - 37 -

Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l EHC-061 59.57 1.61 EHC-060 114.7 3.10 EHC-090 101.75 2.75 EHC-015 63.64 1.72 EHC-083 117.66 3.18 EHC-012 100.64 2.72 EHC-052 18.87 0.51 EHC-058 78.44 2.12 EHC-067 38.48 1.04 EHC-063 60.31 1.63-38 -

Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l 92.019 2.487 90.650 2.450 65.971 1.783 49.395 1.335 아파트 - 5 년이하 85.211 2.303 5 ~ 10 년 79.069 2.137 10 년이상 54.143 1.463-39 -

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Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l EHC-036 104.71 2.83 EHC-016 20.72 0.56 EHC-042 19.24 0.52 5 년이하 EHC-035 15.54 0.42 EHC-026 1.85 0.05 EHC-032 9.25 0.25 EHC-074 41.81 1.13 10 년이상 EHC-076 49.58 1.34 병영식당 EHC-088 58.46 1.58 5 ~ 10 년 사무실 EHC-002 53.28 1.44 10 년이상 37.44 1.01-41 -

Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l 48.223 1.303 23.68 0.64 58.46 1.58 53.28 1.44 아파트 - - 5 년이하 48.223 1.303 5 ~ 10 년 58.46 1.58 10 년이상 38.48 1.04-42 -

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Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l EHC-037 EHC-017 EHC-043 EHC-036 EHC-027 EHC-033 EHC-075 EHC-077 EHC-089 EHC-003-44 -

Bq/ m3 pci/l pci/l 64.38 1.74 65.24 1.76 아파트 - - 5 년이하 46.805 1.265 5 ~ 10 년 65.971 1.783 10 년이상 61.42 1.660-45 -

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A study on the noxiousness of radon exposure on military facilities As the abrupt industrialization and urbanization of today's society resulted in the increase of population and the development of industrial technologies and economy, many social problems, including the increase of atmospheric pollutants, have arisen. Especially, the indoor environment is an essence to the human surroundings. Since the danger of radon, a natural radionuclide, has been well announced through a diversity of public media, people are getting more and more interested in radon's harmness and countermeasures against it. Radon is one of the most dominant natural radionuclides in our environment. Radon is colorless, odorless, and a chemically inert gas, which decays to daughters emitting alpha particles. The exposure does due to radon is attributed to alpha particles which are deposited on the - 50 -

wall surface of respiratory organs. Thus, the main contributor is not radon itself but its short-lived daughters. Likewise, radon is a well-known carcinogen, and prolonged exposure to high levels of radon gas is a direct cause of lung cancer. Despite the efforts of domestic universities and research facilities, not enough research has been accomplished and people, not well aware of radon, are getting more and more anxious. Most of all, an investigation into the military facilities, whose living environment is inherently old, unstable, and exclusive, has not been conducted. As such is the case, the objective of this work is to select 4 regions that have high levels of radon gas and to conduct a survey on their military facilities, thereby establishing a cornerstone for the future nationwide research in 2013 which will target the entire 2,000 military facilities. To accomplish the objectives of this work, charcoal canister has been selected as a standard measure of radon concentration. In order to make the investigation efficient and consistent, military facilities located in Yang-Goo and Hong-Cheon of Gangwon Province, Gwe-San of Choong-book Province, and Anyang of Gyeonggi Province, all of which have high levels of radon gas, are selected as target regions, and a total of 40 charcoal canisters, one in each of military facilities' underground boiler rooms, have been installed. Furthermore, military facilities have been assorted, according to their oldness, into less than 5 years, less than 10 years, and more than 10 years, and separate estimators have been installed. Also, estimators have - 51 -

been installed separately in dining halls, offices, renewed barracks and old barracks. Radon concentrations of Gangwon Province have been measured in military facilities of Yang-Goo and Hong-Cheon. A total of 20 charcoal canisters, 10 in each region, have been installed. As target facilities, 10 barracks, 4 dining halls, 3 offices, 1 warehouse, and 2 apartments have been measured, 65% of which were more than 5 years old. As a result, an average radon concentration was shown as 3.265 pci/l, which is close to maximum permissible concentration (MPC) 4pCi/L, and two facilities in Hong-Cheon even exhibited rates exceeding MPC. Radon concentrations of Choong-Book Province have been measured in military facilities of Zeng-Pyeong, and a total of 10 charcoal canisters have been installed. As target facilities, 8 barracks, 1 dining hall, and 1 office have been measured and roughly 70% of these facilities were more than 10 years old. As a result, an average radon concentration was shown as 1.012pCi/L, which is relatively low compared to MPC. As most of the target facilities were old and thus were barely airtight, they exhibited such a low rate. On the other hand, bachelor officers' quarters, which were relatively new, exhibited rates that are 5-6 times higher than the average. Radon concentrations of Gyeonggi Province have been measured in military facilities of Anyang, and a total of 10 charcoal canisters have been installed. - 52 -

As target facilities, 8 barracks, 1 dining hall, and 3 offices have been measured and around 80% of these facilities were more than 5 years old. As a result, an average radon concentration was shown as 1.655pCi/L, which is relatively low compared to MPC. Radon concentrations of each facility were mostly consistent, relatively low compared to those of Gangwon and Choong-Book Provinces, and thus were concluded as safe. This work's results regarding the harmness of radon exposure on military facilities will help soldiers understand the danger of radon and relieve their anxiety. Having realized the importance of radon research, the Ministry of National Defense is planning to conduct a nationwide radon survey, targeting the entire 2,000 military facilities across the nation. In preparation for the upcoming survey, this work's results are expected to be utilized as a cornerstone for the establishment of more systematic and in-depth research in the future. - 53 -