한수지 47(5), 645-653, 2014 Original Article Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(5),645-653,2014 월성원자력발전소 주변해역에서 저층트롤에 의해 어획된 어류의 종조성 최정화 김정윤 1 * 김진구 1 김종빈 2 국립수산과학원 자원관리과, 1 부경대학교 자원생물학과, 2 남서해수산연구소 아열대수산연구센터 Seasonal Variation of Species Composition of Fish in the Coastal Waters off Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant, East Sea of Korea by Otter Trawl Survey Jung Hwa Choi, Jung Yun Kim*, Jin Koo Kim 1 and Jung Bin Kim 2 Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, Korea 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Korea 2 Southeastern Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Jeju 556-823, Korea. We examined seasonal variation in fish species composition in coastal waters near Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant in the East Sea of Korea. A total of 72 species, 39 families, 14 orders, 46,214 individuals, and 4,639,667 g were collected. Glyptocephalus stelleri was the most dominant species by number of individuals (35%), followed by Clupea pallasii (26%). Liparis tanakai and Lophius litulon were the dominant species by biomass, accounting for 46% and 28%, respectively. We showed that bottom salinity and temperature are the most important environmental factors influencing fish species composition. Although bottom salinity did not differ statistically among seasons or stations, we detected some variation among stations. Additionally, bottom temperature differed among seasons and stations (P<0.05), affecting numbers of individuals and biomass. Thus, seasonal variation in fish assemblages can be classified into two groups: spring/summer and autumn/winter. Key words: Nuclear power plant, Species composition, Fish assemblage 서 론,.,,, (Park et al., 1991). (Baeck et al., 2010), (Lee, 1999; Hong et al., 2008), (Choi et al., 2008), (Yoon et al., 2008), (Han et al., 2002), (Seo et al., 2009; Kim et al., 2010). (Crema and Bonvicini Pagliai, 1981; Lardicci et al., 1999), (Gibbons and Sharits, 1974; Durrett and Pearson, 1975; Warwick, 1993; Kim et al., 2007; Teixeira et al., 2009)..,. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2014.0645 Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(5) 645-653, October 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 19 August 2014; Revised 10 October 2014; Accepted 15 October 2014 *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 51-720-2284 Fax: +82. 51-720-2277 E-mail address: hoochi0901@naver.com Copyright 2014 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 645 pissn:0374-8111, eissn:2287-8815
646 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 재료 및 방법 (Otter trawl) 2006 2008 3 4, 2 ( ), 5 ( ), 8 ( ), 11 ( ) (Fig. 1). ( 3 km ), ( 3 km ), 5-8 km.,, (ph), (DO) (YSI 6600, USA). 29 m, 40.4 mm, 20.0 mm. 2 knot/h 30, 8 m 8 m 2, 1 15,000 m 2.. 1 g., (H') (Shannon, 1948) Fig. 1. Sampling stations Reference of the coastal Discharg waters Intake off Wolseong Total nuclear power plant. Number of Species Bonggil-ri WS NPP Naa-ri Korea 40 30 20 10 I 35 41'30"N 129 30'30"E E129 30' 35 43'30"N 129 30'30"E D I D Ref Ref 35 42'30"N 129 33'50"E : Intake : Discharg : Reference 0 3km N35 40' N35 45' E129 35',. H'= - s [ni ln( ni i=0 )] N N (n i : i, N:, S: ) Square root Bray-Curtis similarity (UPGMA) (Dendrogram) (Hierarchical cluster analysis)., PRIMER V5 (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) Principal Score (Correlation Analysis). 해양 환경 결 과, 12.6-20.2, 9.6-15.4 (Table 1). 8, 2. 2 5 11. 32.4-33.9 psu, 33.7-34.0 psu, 2,. 11. (ph) 7.7-8.0, (DO),. 종조성 14 (Order), 39 (Family), 72 (Species) (Table 2). (Perciformes) 16 20, (Scorpaeniformes) 6 16, (Pleuronectiformes) 2 9, (Gadiformes) (Clupeiformes) 2 4, (Zeiformes) (Osmeriformes) 1 2, 1 1. (Glyptocephalus stelleri) 35.0% (16,153 ), (Clupea pallasii) 25.6% (11,851 )
월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 647. (Liparis tessellatus), (Trachurus japonicus), (Lophius litulon), (Hippoglossoides pinetorum) 5.3%. (Liparis tanakai) 45.6% (2,116,296 g), 27.6% (1,279,005 g). Table 1. Environment factors at the stations of intake (I), discharge (D) and reference (R) in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant 2006 2007 2008 February August November February August November February August November Temperature ( ) Salinity (psu) ph DO Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom R 11.8 11.3 34.0 34.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1 D 11.7 11.1 33.8 34.0 8.0 7.9 8.3 8.4 I 11.4 11.0 34.0 34.1 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.1 R 14.4 13.4 33.8 34.0 8.0 8.0 9.4 9.2 D 15.1 14.3 33.7 34.0 8.0 8.0 9.4 9.4 I 14.7 14.4 33.8 34.0 8.1 8.0 9.4 9.2 R 20.0 10.0 33.9 34.1 8.0 7.8 9.2 8.1 D 18.0 9.8 33.4 33.5 7.9 7.8 9.2 8.7 I 20.4 7.7 33.5 34.0 8.0 7.8 9.2 7.8 R 17.9 12.2 33.3 33.8 8.0 7.9 9.4 7.6 D 18.5 15.1 32.8 33.7 8.0 7.8 8.9 7.5 I 18.0 16.7 33.3 33.4 8.0 7.9 9.4 8.9 R 13.9 10.5 34.0 34.0 8.0 7.9 10.1 9.1 D 14.0 12.5 34.0 34.0 8.0 8.0 9.9 9.4 I 13.9 12.4 34.0 34.0 8.0 8.0 10.1 9.7 R 13.5 5.6 33.7 34.0 8.0 7.8 9.5 7.8 D 14.7 6.3 33.8 34.0 8.0 7.8 9.4 8.3 I 12.8 6.5 33.8 33.9 8.0 7.8 9.3 7.7 R 18.9 10.7 33.4 34.1 7.9 7.7 9.2 7.2 D 22.4 11.9 33.2 34.1 8.0 7.7 8.3 7.8 I 22.6 12.4 33.2 34.1 8.0 7.7 8.5 7.9 R 19.7 14.2 33.5 34.1 8.0 7.7 8.9 7.5 D 20.9 18.0 33.2 33.4 8.0 7.8 8.8 8.6 I 20.1 16.0 33.2 34.1 8.1 7.7 9.0 7.6 R 12.2 10.8 33.8 33.9 8.0 7.8 9.7 7.5 D 14.6 11.6 33.9 33.9 8.0 7.8 8.4 8.3 I 12.5 11.8 33.8 33.9 8.0 7.8 8.9 7.8 R 14.0 10.1 33.9 34.0 8.0 7.9 9.6 8.3 D 14.6 10.0 33.7 33.9 8.0 8.0 9.3 8.0 I 13.4 10.1 33.9 33.9 8.0 7.8 9.3 8.4 R 17.0 8.4 33.4 33.8 8.0 7.8 9.2 7.6 D 18.9 12.3 33.6 33.9 7.9 7.8 8.9 8.2 I 17.4 9.3 33.5 33.8 7.9 7.9 8.9 7.9 R 16.3 13.9 31.9 34.1 7.9 7.8 9.6 7.9 D 16.9 13.2 31.1 33.8 7.9 7.7 9.6 8.8 I 15.3 13.1 32.3 34.0 7.9 7.7 9.8 8.4
648 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Table 2. Species composition of fish collected by an otter trawl in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant. N and W represent the number of individuals and biomass (g) of annual fish catch, respectively (/ca. 15,000 m 2 ), and the cross mark (+) represents the value less than 0.1% 2006 2007 2008 Total Scientific name N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W N W %N %W Glyptocephalus stelleri 4,181 84,221 27.8 8.9 2,706 38,685 20.9 3.2 9,266 269,146 50.7 10.8 16,153 392,052 35.0 8.5 Clupea pallasii 1,818 64,624 12.1 6.8 6,042 213,705 46.7 17.8 3,991 74,514 21.9 3.0 11,851 352,843 25.6 7.6 Liparis tessellatus 963 72,486 6.4 7.6 1,247 30,342 9.6 2.5 250 13,414 1.4 0.5 2,460 116,242 5.3 2.5 Trachurus japonicus 2,370 15,768 15.8 1.7 31 242 0.2 + 13 266 + + 2,414 16,276 5.2 0.4 Lophius litulon 748 344,483 5.0 36.3 1,164 758,802 9.0 63.3 371 175,720 2.0 7.0 2,283 1,279,005 4.9 27.6 Hippoglossoides pinetorum 1,344 70,815 8.9 7.5 436 37,565 3.4 3.1 300 29,559 1.6 1.2 2,080 137,939 4.5 3.0 Liparis tanakai 666 171,985 4.4 18.1 53 72,010 0.4 6.0 1,174 1,872,301 6.4 75.1 1,893 2,116,296 4.1 45.6 Apogon lineatus 320 1,711 2.1 0.2 149 697 1.1 + 1,199 4,464 6.6 0.2 1,668 6,872 3.6 0.1 Arctoscopus japonicus 968 28,437 6.4 3.0 113 4,853 0.9 0.4 1,081 33,290 2.3 0.7 Gadus macrocephalus 409 9,942 2.7 1.0 220 3,458 1.7 0.3 444 3,387 2.4 0.1 1,073 16,787 2.3 0.4 Coleorhynchus multispinulosus 40 314 0.3 + 203 3,878 1.6 0.3 545 8,942 3.0 0.4 788 13,134 1.7 0.3 Engraulis japonicus 307 2,509 2.0 0.3 57 798 0.4 + 69 445 0.4 + 433 3,752 0.9 0.1 Psenopsis anomala 304 9,158 2.0 1.0 5 390 + + 35 1,558 0.2 + 344 11,106 0.7 0.2 Acropoma japonicum 20 51 0.1 + 242 1,866 1.3 + 262 1,917 0.6 + Malakichthys wakiyae 243 3,002 1.9 0.3 2 46 + + 245 3,048 0.5 0.1 Pleuronectes yokohamae 141 41,896 0.9 4.4 46 14,057 0.4 1.2 28 7,608 0.2 0.3 215 63,561 0.5 1.4 Trichiurus lepturus 8 79 + + 72 6,269 0.6 0.5 98 7,402 0.5 0.3 178 13,750 0.4 0.3 Konosirus punctatus 89 7,546 0.6 0.8 6 828 + + 95 8,374 0.2 0.2 Chelidonichthys spinosus 12 2,404 + 0.3 16 2,432 0.1 0.2 51 8,068 0.3 0.3 79 12,904 0.2 0.3 Decapterus maruadsi 69 782 0.5 + 69 782 0.1 + Coilia nasus 12 328 + + 27 1,285 0.2 0.1 25 1,194 0.1 + 64 2,807 0.1 0.1 Larimichthys polyactis 61 2,387 0.4 0.3 3 181 + + 64 2,568 0.1 0.1 Hemitripterus villosus 12 85 + + 43 2,963 0.2 0.1 55 3,048 0.1 0.1 Coleorhyncus japonicus 46 1,386 0.4 0.1 1 43 + + 47 1,429 0.1 + Conger myriaster 28 4,290 0.2 0.5 5 824 + + 14 1,617 + + 47 6,731 0.1 0.1 Helicolenus hilgendorfi 8 446 + + 5 390 + + 20 914 0.1 + 33 1,750 0.1 + Callionymidae sp. 28 391 0.2 + 28 391 0.1 + Hexagrammos otakii 24 5,546 0.2 0.6 1 883 + + 25 6,429 0.1 0.1 Sphyraena pinguis 16 1,101 0.1 0.1 16 1,101 + + Stephanolepis cirrhifer 16 264 0.1 + 16 264 + + Repomucenus lunatus 13 753 + + 13 753 + + Sillago sihama 9 336 + + 9 336 + + Synagrops philippinensis 4 13 + + 4 34 + + 8 47 + + Alcichthys elongatus 7 1,935 + + 7 1,935 + +
월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 649 Scomberomorus niphonius 4 2,625 + 0.3 3 686 + + 7 3,311 + 0.1 Clidoderma asperrimum 5 98 + + 2 389 + + 7 487 + + Hypodytes rubripinnis 4 15 + + 1 4 + + 1 3 + + 6 22 + + Xenocephalus elongatus 4 73 + + 1 26 + + 1 3 + + 6 102 + + Doederleinia berycoides 4 139 + + 1 25 + + 5 164 + + Pampus echinogaster 1 243 + + 4 506 + + 5 749 + + Coleorhyncus longissimus 5 75 + + 5 75 + + Maurolicus muelleri 5 3 + + 5 3 + + Synagrops japonicus 5 80 + + 5 80 + + Cynoglossus robustus 4 154 + + 4 154 + + Bathycallionymus kaianus 4 41 + + 4 41 + + Parascolopsis inermis 4 259 + + 4 259 + + Callanthias japonicus 4 119 + + 4 119 + + Collichthys niveatus 4 109 + + 4 109 + + Gymnocanthus herzensteini 4 213 + + 4 213 + + Zenopsis nebulosa 3 850 + + 1 250 + + 4 1,100 + + Johnius grypotus 4 69 + + 4 69 + + Sebastes thompsoni 4 749 + + 4 749 + + Sebastiscus albofasciatus 4 81 + + 4 81 + + Squalus acanthias 3 147 + + 3 147 + + Zoarces gilli 3 274 + + 3 274 + + Tanakius kitaharai 2 65 + + 2 65 + + Zeus faber 2 17 + + 2 17 + + Eopsetta grigorjewi 2 119 + + 2 119 + + Pholis nebulosa 2 111 + + 2 111 + + Argentina kagoshimae 1 13 + + 1 13 + + Neobythites sivicolus 1 9 + + 1 9 + + Pleuronichthys cornutus 1 87 + + 1 87 + + Saurida undosquamis 1 24 + + 1 24 + + Pampus argenteus 1 491 + + 1 491 + + Scorpaena neglecta 1 71 + + 1 71 + + Glossanodon semifasciatus 1 14 + + 1 14 + + Inimicus japonicus 1 311 + + 1 311 + + Cottiusculus schmidti 1 10 + + 1 10 + + Leiognathus nuchalis 1 24 + + 1 24 + + Microstomus achne 1 376 + + 1 376 + + Cottidae sp. 1 82 + + 1 82 + + Lepidotrigla hime 1 16 + + 1 16 + + Total 15,030 948,376 100.0 100.0 12,925 1,197,572 100.0 100.0 18,259 2,493,719 100.0 100.0 46,214 4,639,667 100.0 100.0
650 8.5% 7.6%, 3.0%. 종조성 변동 2006 41, 2007 40, 2008 47, 2006 2008, 2007. 47, 50, 49,,. 2006 2 11, 2008 2 30 (Fig. 2). 2008 8 317, 2008 5 11,358... 2008 8 8,584 g, 2008 11 1,914,726 g., 2007 11 2008 11. (H, Diversity index) 0.52 (2008 11 )- 1.77 (2008 2 ). 11, 2008 3,422 88%, 8%. 0.16-1.80, 0.77-1.86, 0.75-2.00. 군집분석, 40% 5 (Fig. 3). 1, (Coleorhynchus multispinulosus),,, 2, 3,,,,. 4 (Engraulis japonicus), (Psenopsis anomala),, 5 (Acropoma japonicum). 23. 50%, PC 1-5 (Eigen values) 5.0, 4.6% 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Bonggil-ri D (Table WS NPP 3). Ref (Table Naa-ri 4), PC 1 35 42'30"N I 129 33'50"E (P<0.05), PC 2 (P<0.05). PC 3, PC 4 35 41'30"N, PC 5 129 30'30"E I (P<0.05). : Intake D : Discharg (Fig. Ref : Reference 4), PC 1 PC 2 0 3km 5. PC 1 (-) Number of Species Number of individuals Biomass (g) Diversity index (H ) 40 30 20 10 0 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 Feb. 2006 E129 30' Reference Aug. 35 43'30"N 129 30'30"E Nov. Feb. 2007 Season E129 35' 1,632,619 g Fig. 2. Seasonal variations in number of species, number of individuals, biomass (g), and diversity index of fish collected by an otter trawl in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant. Aug. Nov. Feb. 2008 Aug. N35 40' N35 45' Discharg Intake Total Nov.
월성원자력발전소 주변해역 어류종조성 651 0 20 Bray-Curtis similarity 40 60 Gorup 1 Gorup 2 Gorup 3 Gorup 4 Gorup 5 80 100 07-I(Nov.) 07-D(Nov.) 07-R(Nov.) 08-D(Nov.) 08-I(Nov.) 06-D(Aug.) 06-I(Aug.) 07-D(Feb. 07-I(Feb.) 07-R(Feb.) 07-D() 07-D(Aug.) 08-R(Nov.) 06-R(Aug.) 06-R(Feb.) 06-D(Feb.) 06-I(Feb.) 07-R(Aug.) 06-R() 07-I() 06-D() 06-I() 07-I(Aug.) 07-R() 08-D() 08-I() 08-R() 08-D(Feb.) 08-I(Feb.) 08-R(Feb.) 06-R(Nov.) 06-D(Nov.) 06-I(Nov.) 08-R(Aug.) 08-D(Aug.) 08-I(Aug.) Fig. 3. Dendrogram of hierarchical clustering on fish assemblage for seasonal sampling in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant (I: intake, D: discharge, R: reference)., 2006 11 4 (+). PC 2 11, 2, 5, 8,. 고 찰 72,, (Konosirus punctatus), (Benthic fish)., (Lee 1991, 1999). 59, (Repomucenus lunatus), (Tridentiger trigonocephalus), (Repomucenus huguenini), (Ammodytes personatus), (Sillago japonica) (Lee, 1999).,. 20, Table 3. Eigen value, variance and cumulative variance of the principle components PC Eigen Variance (%) Cum. Variance (%) 1 8.61 12.0 12.0 2 6.73 9.3 21.3 3 5.86 8.1 29.4 4 5.40 7.5 36.9 5 5.30 7.4 44.3 6 4.58 6.4 50.7 7 4.46 6.2 56.9 8 4.07 5.7 62.5 9 3.78 5.3 67.8 10 2.73 3.8 71.6 Table 4. Correlation coefficients between principle component (PC) scores and environment factors. The mark (*) denoted significant level at P<0.05 Environmental factor PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 Suarface Temperature -0.100-0.200 0.205-0.176 0.392* Bottom Temperature -0.272-0.411* 0.257 0.004 0.231 Suarface Salinity 0.141 0.039-0.123 0.100-0.184 Bottom Salinity 0.524* 0.182-0.014 0.461* 0.048 Suarface ph -0.012-0.308 0.039 0.094 0.114 Bottom ph -0.142 0.168-0.140 0.018-0.082 Suarface DO -0.072 0.086-0.201 0.137-0.042 Bottom DO -0.082 0.168-0.278-0.028 0.273
652 최정화ㆍ김정윤ㆍ김진구ㆍ김종빈 Principle Component 2 6 4 2 0-2 -4-6 -8 Grourp 4-10 -15-10 -5 Grourp 2 Grourp 5 Principle Component 1 Grourp 3 Grourp 1 0 5 10 Fig. 4. Principle component analysis of fish assemblage for seasonal sampling in the coastal waters off Wolseong nuclear power plant (I: intake, D: discharge, R: reference). 23,,, (Lee, 2011),.,,,. (, : 300-450 m) (, : 110-130 m), (200-1,000 m) (Park et al., 2007, Yoon et al., 2008; Choi et al., 2012). 5, 3-5 (Kim et al., 2005; Cha et al., 2008), 11 (4 ) (Park et al., 2007)., 1,000 10, 94% 2006 5. 2-13, 6-10.5 (Kim et al., 2005), (Yang et al., 2012).,.,, 2006 (Yang et al., 2012).., (Choi et al., 2008)., (P<0.05). Kim et al. (2010), (, ). (5 ), (8 ) (11 ), (2 ) PC 2. (8 ), (11 ) (2 ), (5 ) PC 2 (Lee et al., 2012). 사 사 (RP-2013-FR-099). References Baeck GW, Huh SH, Park SC, Kim JH and Park JM. 2010. Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of fish assemblages collected by a three-side fyke net in the coastal waters off Gori. Kor J Ichthy 22, 186-194. Cha HK, Kwon HC, Lee SI, Yang JH, Chang DS and Chun YY. 2008. Maturity and spawning of Korean flounder Glyptocephalus stelleri (Schmidt) in the East Sea of Korea. Kor J Ichthy 20, 263-271. Choi KH, Han MH, Kang CK, Park JM, Choi JH, Park JH, Sohn MH Baeck GW, Choy EJ and Lee CI. 2012. Seasonal variations in species composition of fish assemblage collected by trammel net in coastal waters of the East Sea. Bull Kor Soc Fish Tech 48, 415-427. Choi Y, Lee HH and Jang JH. 2008. Ichthyofauna of the Intertidal Zone around the Nuclear Power Plants off Sinweolseong, Eastern Coast, Kor J Ichthy 20, 313-317. Crema, R and Bonvicini Pagliai AM. 1981. The structure of benthic communities in an area of thermal discharge from a coastal power station. Mar Pollut Bull 11, 221-224. Durrett, CW and Pearson WD. 1975. Drift of macroinver-
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