4:1-8 1........ 2..... 3.... Hal Lindsey J. F. Walvoord...... 50 6 52.
4.. 4 1-2a 2b-8 9-11. 9-11. : 1.1. (1-2a) 1.1.1. (1 ). 2-3 4. 1 1:19 (a] ei=dej kai. a] eivsi.n kai. a] me,llei gene,sqai meta. tau/ta). (a] ei=dej) 1:13-18. 1. (a] eivsi,n) 2-3. 1. 2-3. 2. (a] me,llei gene,sqai meta. tau/ta) 4-22. 1 J. F. Walvoord. (J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ [Chicago: Moody Press, 1966; paperback edi., 1989], 101-102). 2 H. Lindsey, There s a New World Coming (Irvine, California: Harvest House Publishers, 1973), 41. : Here in seven typical churches we see the predominant characteristics of seven successive eras of church history (ibid.). Prophetic Application : 1) : A.D. 33-100(the Apostolic church era); 2) : A.D. 100-312(the great era of persecution); 3) : A.D. 312-590(the era that the church merged with the state); 4) : A.D. 590-1517(he Middle age); 5) : 1517-1750(the Reformation Era); 6) : 1750-1925(the great missionary era of the Church); 7) : A.D. 1900- (Laodicean lukewarmness)(ibid., 38-73).. 2-3 : (, :, 167). : 1) : ; 2) : 313 ; 3) : ; 4) : ; 5) : ; 6) : ; 7) : (, 167-185). H. Lindsey.
. 3 4:1 2-3 4. 4:1 1:19. 1:19 (1 ) (2-3 ) (4-22 ). 4 2-3 4-22. 2-3. 4-22. 5 2-3 4-22.. 6. 4 2-3 4. 2-3 4. (ei=don). 7:1; 7:9; 15:5; 18:1. 7. 8 3 R. L. Thomas, The Chronological Interpretation of Revelation 2-3, Bibliotheca Sacra 124 (1967), 2-3. H. Lindsey (H. Lindsey, There s a New World Coming, 36). 4 W. J. Harrington 1:19 A common formula to describe prophecy 1:19 the whole of John s vision. W. C. van Unnik, A Formula Describing Prophecy, NTS 9 (1963), 86-94. 5 G. K. Beale, The Book of Revelation, NIGTC (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999), 161. 1:19 G. K. Beale, The Book of Revelation, 152-170. 2-3 1. 4-22 7 12 ( : ( :, 2007), 357-383; 523-559. 6 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1993), 1-37. 1:1-8 22:6-21 1:9-3:20 4-16 17:1-22:5 17:1-20:15 21:1-22:5. 2-3 4. 7 19:1. ei=don h;kousa. 8 G. R. Osborne, Revelation (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002), 223.
. 1. 1. 2. (1a) (qu,ra hvnew gme,nh) (a revelatory scene). 9 1 14:14-15. And as I shook and trembled, I fell upon my face and saw a vision. And behold there was an opneing befor me (and) a second house which is greater that the former 10 Apoc. Paul 21:24-28 : Paul, come! [Proceed toward] me! Then as I [went], the gate opened, [and] I went up to the fifth [heaven]. (the gate opened). T. Levi 2:6 4:1 : And behold the heavens were opened and an angel of God said to me, Come in, Levi.... (%Leîh;t.mi) ( 3:8).... 28:17. 17) a)kai. evfobh,qh kai. ei=pen w`j fobero.j o` to,poj ou-toj ouvk e;stin tou/to b) avllv h' oi=koj qeou/ kai. au[th h` pu,lh tou/ ouvranou/ hz<!yaeä hz<+h; ~AqåM'h; ar"ßan-hm; rm;êayow: ar"yyiw: 17 `~yim'(v'h; r[;v;î hz<ßw> ~yhiêl{a/ tybeä-~ai yki h` pu,lh (LXX) r[;v;î (MT).... 6 9 D. Aune, Revelation 1-5, WBC 52 (Dallas, Texas: Word Books, 1997), 281. 10 OTP I:21 E. Isaac.
... baptisqei.j de. o` VIhsou/j euvqu.j avne,bh avpo. tou/ u[datoj\ kai. ivdou. hvnew, cqhsan Îauvtw/ Ð oi` ouvranoi, ( kai. ei=den Îto.Ð pneu/ma Îtou/Ð qeou/ katabai/non w`sei. peristera.n Îkai.Ð evrco,menon evpv auvto,n\( 3:16) (hvnew, cqhsan Îauvtw/ Ð oi` ouvranoi,)... hvnew, cqhsan (<avnoi,gw) 4:1.. kai. le,gei auvtw/ \ avmh.n avmh.n le,gw u`mi/n( o;yesqe to.n ouvrano.n avnew go,ta kai. tou.j avgge,louj tou/ qeou/ avnabai,nontaj kai.ä katabai,nontaj evpi. to.n ui`o.n tou/ avnqrw,pouå(1:51) 1:51 2:1-11 11. 12...... 13. 14 11 F. Moloney, The Gospel of John, SACRA PAGINA 4 (Collegeville: The Liturgical Press, 1998), 57. Moloney Such expectation is nourished by words that follow 1:19-51: And on the third day (2:1). 12 D. A. Carson, The Gospel According to John (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991), 165. 13 Osborne (G. R. Osborne Revelation, 224). 14 Louis A. Vos.The Synoptic Traditions in the Apocalypse (Kampen: J. H. Kok, 1965). Vos : not once does John ever quote the words of Jesus either directly or indirectly. His pen never records such instructive and elucidating words as For our Lord said or As Jesus once promised. All of the references to the sayings of Jesus in the Apocalypse are indirect, and could possibly be included under the one heading of allusions to the sayings of Jesus. But in our study we notice that John employs the words and concepts of Jesus to a greater extent in some passages than in others (ibid., 54). Vos 4:1 3:16/ 1:51.
.... 1.1.3. (1b) (Meta. tau/ta) 1:19 ()(a] me,llei gene,sqai meta. tau/ta). 4. Walvoord 1:19 1:19 4. 15 Walvoord. 1:1 (a] dei/ gene,sqai evn ta,cei) 1:19. 2:28-29. 28) (a] dei/ gene,sqai evpv evsca,twn tw/n h`merw/n) 29) (a] dei/ gene,sqai). 2:28 2:29 1:1 1:19 4:1 a] dei/ gene,sqai evpv evsca,twn a] dei/ a] dei/ gene,sqai tw/n h`merw/n(2:28) gene,sqai(2:29) evn ta,cei a] me,llei gene,sqai meta. tau/taå ( ) a] dei/ gene,sqai meta. tau/taå ( )(evpv evsca,twn tw/n h`merw/n) 1:19 4:1 (meta. tau/ta). 16.. 15 J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ: A Commentary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1966; paperback edi., 1989), 59. 16 G. K. Beale, Revelation, 317.
.. 2. 1:19 4:1 2:28. 1:1 (evn ta,cei). (evpv evsca,twn tw/n h`merw/n). 17. (imminent time of fulfilment). 18 2:28-29? ( 2:44-45).. 4:1. 19.... (1:1) (4:1). dei/.. 16:21; 8:31; 9:22; 24:7; 12:34; 20:9.... dei/..... 4 17, 181. 18, 181. 19 H. Lindsey 4:1 (meta. tau/ta) () (tau/ta) 2-3. (H. Lindsey, There s A New World Coming, 83).
4. 20 1.1.4. (2a)..... 21 (vgene,sqai evn pneu,mati) (technical term). 22 ( 24:2, 4, 16-17; 11:24-29; 10:6, 10). 23 (3:12, 14; 8:3; 11:1, 24; 37:1; 43:5; 18:12 2:16 ). 24 2:28. 25 (evn pneu,mati). (evuvqe,wj) 1. 2a 1. 1 2a. 2a. 26 2. (2b-6 ). 2b-3 4-8. 20 H. Lindsey 4. 4 (H. Lindsey, There s A New World Coming, 74-88). Walvoord : From a practical standpoint, however, the rapture may be viewed as having already occurred in the scheme of God before the events of chapter 4 (J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 103). 21 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 154. 22, 152. 23, 154. 24, 154. 25, 154. 26, 153-154.
2.1. (2b-3 ). 2.1.1. (2b) 2b (ivdou. qro,noj e;keito evn tw/ ouvranw/ )... (16:10)..... 4:3 4:4 24 (kuklo,qen tou/ qro,nou) 4:5 (evk tou/ qro,nou),, (evnw,pion tou/ qro,nou) 4:6 (evnw,pion tou/ qro,nou) (evn me,sw tou/ qro,nou kai. ku,klw tou/ qro,nou)... (evpi. to.n qro,non kaqh,menoj). 4:2 (evpi. to.n qro,non kaqh,menoj), 4:3 (o` kaqh,menoj); 7:10 (tw/ qew/ h`mw/n tw/ kaqhme,nw evpi. tw/ qro,nw ); 19:4 (tw/ qew/ tw/ kaqhme,nw ) (o` kaqh,menoj evpi. tou/ qro,nou) (4:9; 5:1; 5:7; 5:13; 6:16; 7:15; 21:5)... 27.. Bauckham. 28 In chapter 4 God s Sovereignty is seen as it is already fully acknowledged in heaven. This establishes it as the true reality which must in the end also prevail on earth. On earth the powers of evil challenge God s role and even masquerade as the ultimate power over all things, claiming divinity. But heaven is the sphere of ultimate reality: what is true in heaven must become true on earth.. 27 R. Bauckham, Theology of the Book of Revelation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 31. 28, 31.
. ( 6:9-10).... 22:19-23, 6 1 7:9-10 1 14 60:1-6 2 20-21 (Apocalypse of Abraham)15-18. 29 2.1.2. ( ) (3 ) 3.... 30. (i;aspij), (sa,rdion), (smara,gdinoj). 3 (o`ra,sij) (o[moioj). o[moioj o`ra,sij. (like, similar) (sight, appearance).?..... 3 (i=rij kuklo,qen tou/ qro,nou o[moioj o`ra,sei smaragdi,nw ). o[moioj (i=rij). (tou/ qro,nou).. 29, 31. 30, 32.
... 31... 32. 33.. 1:26-27. 1:26 ( ) 1:27. 1:26-27 10:1. 26) 27) ( 1:26-27) ( 10:1).. 34.. 35 (A) ( 28:13) (B)17) 18) 19) 20) ( 28:17-20) 31 D. Aune, Revelation, 285. 32 Walvoord. (purity), (J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 104). H. Lindsey the glowing radiance of God s holiness and flawless perfection the immense value of the shed blood of Jesus Christ (H. Lindsey, There s a New World Coming, 84... 33 G. R. Osborne, Revelation, 227. 34 G. K. Beale, The Book of Revelation, 320. R. Bauckham the splendour of a heavenly fiture (idem, The Theology of the Book of Revelation, 32). 35, : (:, 2007),,
(C)11) 12) ( 54:11-12) 4:5 8:5 11:19 16:18 A( 28:13) B( 28:17-20) C( 54:11-12)..... 4:3 : 21:11, 18, 19; 21:20 21:19.. 4:3.. 36 (i=rij) (kuklo,qen). 1:27-28. 27) 28) (1:27-28) (h` o[rasij o`moiw,matoj do,xhj kuri,ou).... 36 G. K. Beale, The Book of Revelation, 320-321.
( 9:8-17). 37.. 38. 39.. 40 2.2. (4-8 ) (kuklo,qen tou/ qro,nou) (evk tou/ qro,nou) (evnw,pion tou/ qro,nou). 24,,. 2.2.1. 24 24 (4 ) (kuklo,qen tou/ qro,nou). (qro,nouj ei;kosi te,ssarej) (evpi. tou.j qro,nouj ei;kosi te,ssaraj presbute,rouj kaqhme,nouj)... 41 24 12. 12. 24. Walvoord. 24. 42 2-3. 43 4 24 37 S. S. Smalley, The Revelation to John (Downers Grove: IVP, 2005), 115; W. J. Harrington, Revelation, 79. 38 O. P. Robertson, The Christ of the Covenant (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980), 109-125. 39 S. S. Smalley, The Revelation to John, 115. 40 4:7-8. 41 (:, 2006, 6 th edi.), 65 S. S. Smalley, The Revelation to John, 116. 42 J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 103. 43 2. Walvoord the church age first, then the rapture, then the church in heaven (J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 103).
. 4. 4. 4.... R. Bauckham. In chapter 4 God s sovereignty is seen as it is already fully acknowledged in heaven. This establishes it as the true reality which must in the end also prevail on earth. 44 God as the One who sits on the throne is at present in heaven and acts on earth only through angelic intermediaries. 45. 24. 24. 21... 24 (4:9-10; 5:8-11; 11:16-18, 19:4). ( 1:6). 46 2.2.2. (5a) (avstrapai. kai. fwnai. kai. brontai,).. (evk tou/ qro,nou). 5. // 19:16-18( 12:18-21) 1:13 chariot vision 44 R. Bauckham, The Theology of the Book of Revelation, 31. 45, 46. 249. 46 Pilchan Lee, The New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation, WUNT II/129 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001),
. 47 19:9. 19:16 18.. 20 20:18. 48. 19:28.. 49 19:28 rjoßyqik. rjq... 50.. 51 4:5. 52. 53 Walvoord 4:5,, 7 (the great tribulation). 54 47 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 202. 48 1Enoch 1:3-9; 102:1-2; Testament of Moses 10:1-7; 2Bar 32:1 (eschatological theophany) (R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 199). D. Aune Bauckham 4:5 // 19:16-18 : While Bauckham is the only one who has discussed these lists in some detail, he exaggerates the conscious influence of the Sinai tradition. 4:5 : The thunderbolt was closely associated with the Greek god Zeus, as it was with his Roman counterpart Jupiter, and was consequently used as a symbol suggesting the divinity of several Roman emperors including Domitian (D. Aune, Revelation, 295). Aune. 49 J. J. Niehaus, God at Sinai: Covenant & Theophany in the Bible and Ancient Near East (Carlisle: Paternoster Press, 1995), 196. 50 Idem, God at Sinai, 196. 51, 196. 52 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 203. 53 Pilchan Lee, The New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation, 250. Pilchan Lee : It is significant that the eschatological scene is described in the Heavenly Temple vision. This demonstrates that the Heavenly Temple scene in chs 4-5 already includes the eschatological occurrence (his italics) (Pilchan Lee, The New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation, 250). 54 J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 108.
,.. 8:5, 11:19 16:18. 55.. 56 2.2.3. (5b) 4:2 (e`pta. lu,cnoi). 4. 57 4:9 4:6... 58 4:2... 4:10. 4:6 5:6 4. 4:6 4.. 4 4 4. 4 4 4 4. 4 4 55 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 202-209.. 56, 309-316. 57 Pilchan Lee, The New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation, 46. 58 R. L. Smith, Micah-Malachi, WBC 32 (Waco, Texas: Word Books, 1984), 204.
. 59 2.2.4. (6a) Walvoord. 60 Alford. 61 The primary reference will be to the ether in which the throne of God is upborne and the intent of setting this space in front of the throne will be, to betoken its separation and insulation from the place where the Seer stood, and indeed from all else about it. Walvoord.... 1:7... ( 104:3) ( 148:4). 7:23-26 4:1-6.. 15:2. 4 15. 2) 3), 2) 15:2. 4. 15.. 59 R. Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy, 163. 60 J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 109. 61 H. Alford, The Greek New Testament IV (Chicago: Moody Press, 1958), 598. J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 109.
15:2-3......... ( ). 2.2.5. (6b-8 ). 62,,.. 63..,.. 64.. 65. 4:8 6:3. 4:8 6:3..... 62 H. Lindsey, There s a New World Coming, 87. 63 Idem, There s a New World Coming, 87. 64 H. Lindsey, There s a New World Coming, 87. 65 Idem, There s a New World Coming, 87.
Walvoord. 66. 67.. 1:10. 1:10 10:12-15, 19-22... 68 ( 23:24; 24:9; 14:18; 1:23; 17:10 ), ( 28;49; 1:23; 48:40; 4:19; 39:27) ( 14:4; 21:10; 21:37) ( 1:28; 8:7). 69 (). ; (chariot) (Exodus Rabba 22:13)........... 4 21. : 66 J. F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 109. 67 Idem, The Revelation of Jesus Christ, 109. 68 M. Greenberg, Ezekiel 1-20 (New York: Doubleday & Company, 1983), 56. 69 Idem, Ezekiel 1-20 (New York: Doubleday & Company, 1983), 56.
4..... 24.... 4.... 4:11..... 4. Alford, H. The Greek New Testament IV. Chicago: Moody Press, 1958. Aune, D. Revelation 1-5. WBC 52. Dallas, Texas: Word Books, 1997. Bauckham, R. The Climax of Prophecy. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1993. Bauckham, R. Theology of the Book of Revelation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Beale, G. K. The Book of Revelation. NIGTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999. Carson, D. A. The Gospel According to John. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991. Greenberg, M. Ezekiel 1-20. New York: Doubleday & Company, 1983. Isaac, E. 1 (Ethiopic Apocalypse of) Enoch: A New Translation and Introduction, in OTP 1:5-100. Lee, Pilchan. The New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation. WUNT II/129. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001. Lindsey H., There s a New World Coming. Irvine, California: Harvest House Publishers, 1973. Moloney, F. The Gospel of John. SACRA PAGINA 4. Collegeville: The Liturgical Press, 1998. Niehaus, J. J. God at Sinai: Covenant & Theophany in the Bible and Ancient Near East. Carlisle: Paternoster Press, 1995. Osborne, G. R. Revelation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002.
Robertson, O. P. The Christ of the Covenant. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980. Smalley, S. S. The Revelation to John. Downers Grove: IVP, 2005. Smith, R. L. Micah-Malachi. WBC 32. Waco, Texas: Word Books, 1984. Thomas, R. L. The Chronological Interpretation of Revelation 2-3, Bibliotheca Sacra 124 (1967) 321-331. van Unnik, W. C. A Formula Describing Prophecy, NTS 9 (1963) 86-94. Vos. L. A. The Synoptic Traditions in the Apocalypse. Kampen: J. H. Kok, 1965. Walvoord, J. F. The Revelation of Jesus Christ. Chicago: Moody Press, 1966; paperback edi., 1989... :, 2006, 6 th edi.. :. :, 2007.