Multimedia PC Mobile Multimedia terminal Mixed( + + ) service Overlay - TSR, TES, WDM, etc -, / Multiaccess Business Model - any media, but the same service - Open, Service Portability -PSTN/IN/Internet seamless

Services Applications Contents PLMN PSTN/ISDN IP Networks CATV Communication Servers IP Backbone Network Control Access Transport & Switching Networks Access Access Access

Differentiated Class of Service - VPN, VoIP, Video Stream Carry Realtime Traffic - TSR/TES +QoS/CoS PSTN Interoperability Managed IP Network - Policy based Networking SLA + packet billing Session Manager Application Servers Application Servers Application Servers Open Service Platform Resource Manager Policy Manager.. Service Application Layer Control Layer SS7 Other IP Networks Telephony Network Network GW Wireline Access xdsl, HFC FTTx,Ethernet Integrated Voice/data Wireless Access Wireless LAN 3G Wireless Switching & Adaptation Layer

Applications Contents Servers Communication Control IP Backbone Network Access Access Access Signalling Protocol - H.323, Megaco, MGCP, SIP, etc Open Service Platform Tenonology - JAIN, Parlay, 3GPP OSA, SIP. Network Managing Technology - SNMP, CMIP, CORBA. Addressing Technology - IPv4, IPv6, E.164, NAT, DHCP. Transport Technology - IP/WDM, IP/SDH, IP/ATM, Metro Ethernet, etc Access Technology - xdsl, FTTx, Ethernet, Cable Modem, 3G Wireless, etc

revenue pattern during/after migration to NGN investment for migration to NGN time

TDM Billing System Line Card Manage System Controller Time slot Interchange SS7 Network Trunk Card SCP TDM Line interface G/W H/W Switching Routing Monolithic Open Arch. TDM Billing System Open Protocols APIs Open Protocols APIs Manage System Packet Data Backbone New Services Softswitch ( / ) Media Gateway Media Gateway SCP SS7 Network TDM Circuit Switch Softswitch

App-Specific Service Intra-App Protocols Platform Control Platform Bearer Platform ISUP, Q.931 H.323, SIP,etc Signalling Protocols ATM, IP, FR, etc Media Transport Service Platform Call Processing Protocol Control Platform Media Control Protocol Bearer Platform TAPI JTAPI Etc. MGCP Megaco

Voice Packetization Coding, Silence Removal, Echo canceling Address/Naming/Routing E.164, IPv4/IPv6, DNS and Directory Service Call Control Signalling Channel Mode(CAS, CCS), Call Response Time, Call Processing Capacity QoS: End-to-End Delay/Jitter, Packet Loss Management: Security, Accounting/Charging/Billing Network Interworking Bearer Interworking Service (IN) Interworking (080-xxx, 700-xxx, etc) Mobility: Terminal and Service mobility Services Basic Services (PC-to-Phone, Phone-to-PC, Phone-to-Phone, PC-to-PC) Supplementary Services (UMS, SMS, Internet Call Waiting, etc)

(3) (1) (2) (4) (5) AGW MGCP/H.248 MGW MGCP/H.248 SoftSwitch Call Controller(H.323, SIP) Application Server, etc MGCP/H.248 MGCP/H.248 TGW AGW: Access GW MGW: Mediation GW TGW: Trunk GW IAD: Integrated Access Device

Softswitch OAM Server Softswitch(es) Subscriber DB Server Billing Server 3 rd Party H.323 GK Common Resources Routing & Translation Server 3 rd Party SIP Server Multimedia Applications Server & Open API Application Servers Integrated Service Node & INAP Measurements Server Media Gateway Controller H.323 Gatekeeper SIP Servers Narrowband Call Control Engine Multimedia Call Server Session Control Engines MGCP/MEGACO, SIP, H.323 MGCP/MEGACO, SIP, H.323 Mobility Server Signaling Gateway Signaling Gateways MGWs Media Servers IP Terminations

Sc. 3 LE Trunk GW Sc. 1 VoIPSc. 4 Softswitch (SIP Server, H.323 Gate Keeper) PSTN Packet Network (IP/ATM) Signalling GW LE Sc. 2 Trunk GW VoIP

POTS Solution DSLAM Solution ADSL modem IAD DSLAM FLC IP Phone SDSL modem FES GES GES SDSL DSLAM Network Mng. Service Mng. Application Servers Open API AIN Services (SIP Server, H.323Gate Keeper) Access GW Router Softswitch Packet Network (IP/ATM) Signalli ng GW Trunk GW SCP DB STP PSTN LE Internet (Best effort)

MSAN POTS Policy AAA IDC CoS Access Router GES Service PoP PSTN QOS (VoP, VPN) Internet WGW Multiservice switching Voice, data, video QoS service network ISP/ASP

Guaranteed Connections Class of Service Best Effort QoS LEVEL Minimal QoS Internet Today Consumer Internet Relative QoS Deterministic QoS TOS-based Relative Priorities Business Internet Corporate VPNs End-to-End Dedicated Bandwidth Real-Time Voice/Video Type

IP QoS IETF ISSLL(Integrated Services over Specific Link Layers) W/G : IntServ ATM, PPP, 802.1p, IntServ over DiffServ MPLS W/G : MPLS DiffServ, QoS ATM : DiffServ ATM xdsl network ISP GbE network edge core edge Enterprise network Access network QoS Backbone network QoS End-end QoS Customer/ provider network ISP/EnterpriseQoS

DiffServ : BA Traffic Engineering : CR manual ER configuration QoS, MPLS : L2 IP LER L2 LSP IP LER LSP CoS

IntServ/RSVP : QoS (integrated services) QoS 802.1p/SBM : user_priority IntServ user_priority SBM RSVP (admission control) LAN

I II-1 II-2 CoS CoS CoS + QoS IP SPF-based routing SPF-based routing QoS-based routing DiffServ EF, AF PHB IP QoS DiffServ EF, AF PHB Aggregate RSVP DiffServ EF, AF PHB Aggregate RSVP Traffic Engineering BA CR-LDP, RSVP-TE L2 forwarding PPP, MPLS MPLS MPLS ATM VC-based overprovisioning ATM VC-based or RSVP/ATM VC-based ATM VC-based or RSVP/ATM VC-based SBM/802.1p SBM/802.1p SBM/802.1p

More users New services More devices New types of devices More options per device Configuration complexity Dynamic provisioning of services Policy-based Networking Lack of experienced administrators

policy prescriptions, Retrieving policy, Interpreting policy Detect policy conflicts Receiving interface descriptions, policy decision requests from PEP. Determining which policy is relevant Applying the policy PDP Agent configuration change Policy Management Tool Policy Decision Point (PDP) policy mechanism protocol Policy Enforcement Point (PEP) Policy(rule) Repository policy communication Protocol

Policy Hierarchy policy policy policy policy policy policy Condition Action Condition Action Condition Action Condition Action

condition Condition select a destination select a user specify a time specify a network condition select traffic type specify an application specify a network device action select a subnet Action set a priority for traffic allow or deny access mark traffic for specific handling choose an encryption algorithm Destination address = WEB server User = guest@yahoo.com Day of week = Tuesday Time of day = 09:00 to 17:00 Network congestion = high Traffic = http Example Application = NetMeeting Target = edge router Subnet = Research subnet Priority = 5 Allow through firewall Mark = EF Example Encryption = 3DES

QoS Implementation Mechanism Admission Control Resource Reservation Queuing(Per-flow queuing, Class-based queuing) Congestion Avoidance Scheduling Packet Marking Traffic Shaping Policing Policing Shaping Packet marking Admission signaling Congestion control Scheduling Policy-based routing Policy Server DB Shaping Policy Server for QoS control Support QoS abstraction Service abstraction (SLA SLS NPS) Configuration abstraction (NPS DLCP) SLA: Service Level Agreement SLS: Service Level Specification NPS: Network Performance Specification DLCP: Device Level Configuration Parameter

(1) The remote client connects to the network (2) Authenticated at the access server using user ID and password. (3) When, authentication is successful, the client is admitted. (may obtain an IP address to access the network) (4) At the same time the access server reports the client s IP address and the user ID to the policy server (5) Policy server detects that remote client logged on.by the event detection function. Policy server acquires information about the user from the directory server with LDAP. (QoS level, access category, ) (6) Directory server sends the client s information. <Client s QoS related information> (7) Policy server decides which application server is better for connecting the client. (nearest server B is selected) (8) Routing path is determined dynamically from client to server B. (9) Policy server delivers QoS policy and configuration parameters to each router on the path. (10) Network devices (routers) enforce the policy decision. (priority scheduling)