Overview Animation 441720-40 2008 년봄학기 5/8/2007 박경신 애니메이션의정의 애니메이션의상업성 애니메이션의역사 애니메이션제작기법 cell, stop-motion, computer, etc 컴퓨터애니메이션의역사 한국애니메이션의역사 Animation 애니메이션의정의 애니메이션의어원은라틴어의 'anima' 에서유래된것으로생명, 영혼, 정신등의의미를가지며, 움직임이없는정적인그림에사람이인위적으로생명을불어넣어움직일수있는동적인그림으로살려낸다는뜻이다. 애니메이션은움직이는그림을통해수많은사람들의상상력과이루고싶었던꿈을아름답게표현해주는수단이다. Animation 애니메이션의상업성 절대선두주자인미국과일본의경우엄청난수익을창출해내고있는상황이다. 슈렉2 경우 6000만달러 ( 약 600억원 ) 의제작비로극장수입만 4억 5500만달러 ( 약 4550억원 ) 캐릭터및기타부가사업을 9억만달러약 1조원의수익을창출했다. 애니메이션의부가수익으로캐릭터상품, 광고,O.S.T, 비디오등등의여러매체로그영향력을과시하고있다.
Brief History of Animation Altamira Cave Painting Altamira Cave Magic Lantern, by Athansius Kircher (1664) Thaumatrope, by John A. Paris (1825) Phenakistoscope, by Joseph Plateau (1832) Stroboscope (1833) Zoetrope, by George Horner (1834) Kineograph (1868) Praxinoscope, by Emile Reynaud (1876) Maybridge (1878) http://www.shortcourses.com/how/flipbooks/flipbooks.htm Magic Latern (1664) Athansius Kircher Thaumatrope (1825) It consists of a disc that is attached to two piece of string. When twirled, the images on the sides of the disc are perceived together as a single image.
Phenakistoscope (1832) Fen-a-kist-o-scope, developed in 1833 by Joseph Plateau as a toy that would make stationary images appear to be animated Zoetrope (1834) Band of pictures is placed on the inside edge of a rotating cylinder. The viewer look down through the slits at the image on the opposite side while the cylinder is spinning, giving the pictures the illusion of motion. http://www.mhsgent.ugent.be/engl-plat5.html http://bloggernews.media.daum.net/news/323590 Kineograph (Flipbook) (1868) Set of sequential drawings bound together as a book. User looks at the pages while flipping through them. Praxinoscope (1876) Band of pictures is placed on the inside an outer cylinder. Each picture is reflected by a set of flat mirrors on the inner cylinder. The number of mirrors is equal to the number of pictures. The user looks down into the device at the mirrors.
Eadweard Maybridge (1878) Brief History of Animation First animated cartoon (1906) J. Stuart Blackton First use of translucent cells (celluloid) (1910) John Bray Multiple layers of cells Using grayscale drawings Using pegs/peg holes to align the layers (registration) Color in 1920 People like Max Fleischer (Betty Boop, Superman), Walter Lantz (Woody Woodpecker) Rotoscoping (1915) J. Stuart Blackton Humorous Phases of Funny Faces (1906) by J. Stuart Blackton - First animated cartoon The first filmmakers to use the techniques of stopmotion and drawn animation Rotoscope Rotoscope, by Max Fleischer (1915) trace live action images to create individual animation frames
Brief History of Animation Walt Disney Storyboards to review story Pencil drawings to review motion Multi-plane camera stand instead of laying the cells directly onto the backdrop, place each element on a separate plane. Each plane can move independently from the others and the camera. Can create the illusion of depth, zooming, motion blur Sound Steamboat Willie with Ub lwerks (1928) Two-strip technicolor Ub lwerks, Fiddlesticks (1930) Three-strip technicolor Flowers and Trees (1932) First full length animation feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) Stereo sound Fantasia (1940) Animation Techniques Cell animation Stop-motion animation Cut-out animation Sand/glass animation Computer animation Flash animation Others.. Cell Animation Stop Motion Animation cell combined background Instead of generating the main frames, and then going back and creating the in-between frames, and then going and photographing them in order, here you are doing the scene straight ahead, in order, one frame at a time. Typically stop motion animation is being used to animate things that are not life-size. Willis O Brain, Lost World and King Kong Ray Harry Hausen, Beast from 20,000 Fathoms Adrdman Studios, Wallace & Gromit
Paper/Cut-out Animation Cut-out animation Sand/Glass Animation Sand animation Painting on glass animation Computer Animation Discuss more in detail later.. Flash Animation Macromedia Flash Internet animation E.g. Mashimaro, Woobi Boy, Zolaman Luxo Jr (1986), Pixar Tin Toy (1988), Pixar, John Lasseter
Others Others.. Vegemite Torn paper Brief History of Computer Animation University of Utah, Ohio State University, Cornell, North Carolina State pioneered the field in the 1960s and 70s. Large numbers of people would begin to see computer animation in the mid to late 70s at the movies. Standley Kubrick s 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) special effects Star Wars (1977) vector graphics by George Lucas ILM Tron (1982) colored, shaded 3D graphics Star Trek II (1983) particle system for the Genesis effect Abyss (1989) first wholly computer-generated character in a motion picture, realistic natural object (water) moving in an unrealistic way (water tentacle) Brief History of Computer Animation Jurassic Park (1993) animating CG dinosaurs Toy Story (1995) first full 3D computer animation feature Twister (1996) lots of particles Titanic (1997) computer generated people in the background Star Wars I: the Phantom Menace (1999) first photorealistic computer generated main (alien) characters Jar Jar Binks Final Fantasy: the Spirits Within (2001) realistic human characters Shrek (2001) face motion capture Star Wars (1977) Rebel Pilots trench briefing done with computer graphics created by EVL
Tron (1982) Star Trek II (1983) Abyss (1989) Jurassic Park (1993)
Toy Story (1995) Twister (1996) Star Wars Episode 1 (1999) Final Fantasy (2001)
Brief History of Korean Animation 럭키치약 CF (1956) 한국최초애니메이션 HLKZ TV 방송 홍길동 (1967) 한국최초극장용애니메이션, 신동헌감독 홍길동에이은애니메이션들 - 호피와차돌바위, 황금철인, 손오공, 홍길동장군 로보트태권 V (1976) 김청기감독, 한국최초의 OST 발매 Brief History of Korean Animation 로보트태권 V 이후 70 년대 철인 007, 마루치아라치, 77 단의비밀, 달려라마징가, 별나라삼총사, 우주소년캐시, 도깨비감투, 로보터전자인간 337 http://www.cineseoul.com/magazine/magazine.html?magazineid=93 http://www.cineseoul.com/magazine/magazine.html?magazineid=93 Brief History of Korean Animation 일본, 미국애니메이션하청 황금박쥐 (1968) 를시작으로은하철도 999, 출동! 바이오용사, 실버호크, 로도스전기, 나디아, 캔디캔디, 아더왕 80 년대후반이후 TV 애니메이션 떠돌이까치 (1987)- 애니메이션하청으로생긴기술력을발판으로한국최초 TV 애니메이션제작 달려라하니 (1989), 영심이, 머털도사, 아기공룡둘리 Brief History of Korean Animation 블루시걸 (1994) 45 만명관객을동원했으나관객들에게혹평을받았던졸작 아기공룡둘리극장판 (1996) 바이오캅윙고, 스피드왕번개, 해상왕장보고 (1998) 2000 년이후 오세암, 마리이야기, 아치와씨팍, 천년여우여우비 TV 애니메이션 뽀롱뽀롱뽀로로, 나롱이, 장금이의꿈, 검정고무신 http://www.cineseoul.com/magazine/magazine.html?magazineid=93
Reference 애니메이션의역사 http://frame.naroot.net/world/world1.htm 한국애니메이션의역사 http://www.cineseoul.com/magazine/magazin e.html?magazineid=93