Focused Issue of This Month u-health for Management of Chronic Diseases - Physical Activity and Therapeutic Exercise- Eun Hi Choi, MD Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine E - mail : ceh@hallym.or.kr Jeong Yeol Seo, MD Department Emergency Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine E - mail : siris@hallym.or.kr J Korean Med Assoc 2009; 52(12): 1154-1163 Abstract Recently, the aging society is facing with the rapid increase of chronic diseases. Despite the advanced medical technology, chronic diseases have not comprehensively managed yet. In the modern society, many people have to spend their extended life span suffering from chronic diseases and disabilities, and also a huge medical cost has emerged as a serious social problem. With IT improvement, u-health system has been developed to link home and medical service systems by arranging medical data, decision making and medical guidelines for various situations. It can promote the therapeutic compliance for the patients with chronic diseases. And also for the medical service providers, it can provide useful data to make an accurate medical decision. As we know, the chronic disease is caused by inactivity and the management of chronic disease requires the modification of inactive life style. U-health medical fitness system can not only prescribe proper activity to control the chronic disease but also it can monitor the patients physical activity in everyday life. By the successful management of chronic diseases based on u-health system, we want to achieve the expansion of disease-free and disability-free life expectancy and a solution to reduce the burden of medical expenses in modern society eventually. Keywords: Chronic disease; Physical activity; Life style; u-health; u-health medical fitness system 1154
u-health for Management of Chronic Diseases Table 1. Cause of death in Korea Figure 1. Diability-free life expectancy in OECD. (WHO. World Health Report, 2004) causes Total /% /100,000 /day Cancer 65909 (27.0) 134.8 181 Stroke 30036 (12.3) 61.4 82 CVD 20282 (8.3) 41.5 56 Diabetes 11600 (4.8) 23.7 32 Suicide 10688 (4.4) 23.0 29 Traffic accident 7822 (3.2) 16.0 21 Liver disease 7624 (3.1) 15.6 21 COPD 7070 (2.9) 14.5 19 Hypertensive disease 4623 (1.9) 9.5 13 Pneumonia 4603 (1.9) 9.4 13 CVD, cardiovascular disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2006,Korea National Statistical Office) Figure 2. Cardiovascular disease related risk factors. 1155
Choi EHSeo JY Table 2. Medical benefits by more than moderate physical activity Strong evidence Moderate to strong evidence Lower risk of early death Better functional health (for older adults) Lower risk of coronary heart disease Reduced abdominal obesity Lower risk of stroke Lower risk of high blood pressure Strong evidence Lower risk of adverse blood lipid profile Lower risk of hip fracture Lower risk of type 2 diabetes Lower risk of lung cancer Lower risk of metabolic syndrome Lower risk of endometrial cancer Lower risk of colon cancer Weight maintenance after weight loss Lower risk of breast cancer Increased bone density Prevention of weight gain Improved sleep quality Weight loss, particularly when combined with reduced calorie intake Improved cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness Prevention of falls Reduced depression Better cognitive function (for older adults) 1156
u-health for Management of Chronic Diseases Table 3. Classification of total weekly amounts of aerobic physical activity into 4 categories Level of Range of Moderate- Summary of Comments Physical Intensity Minutes/Week Overall Activity Health Benefits Inactive No active beyond baseline None Being inactive is unhealthy Low Activity beyond baseline Some Low levels of activity are clearly but < 150min/week clearly preferable to an inactive lifestyle Medium 150~300 min/week Substantial Activity at the high end of this range has additional and more extensive healthbenefits than activity at the lowe end High > 300min/week Additional Current science does no allow researchers to identify an upper limit of activity above which there are no additional health benefits 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (Dept. Health and Human Service) Figure 3. The risk of dying prematurely declines as people become physically active 1157
Choi EHSeo JY Figure 4. The developing flow of IT technology and aging society of Korea. Figure 5. u-health service model for asthma management. 1158
u-health for Management of Chronic Diseases Figure 6. u-health medical fitness system. Figure 7. Heart rate auto regulated aerobic exercise system. 1159
Choi EHSeo JY Figure 8. Heart rate data with auto regulated system. Figure 9. Heart rate data without auto regulated system. 1160
u-health for Management of Chronic Diseases Figure 10. Physical activity tracker system. 1161
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