대한피부미용학회지제 8 권제 3 호 71 MYC 추출물이고지방식이를급여한 Zucker rats 의콜레스테롤저하및비만억제에미치는영향 이혜숙 * 황석연 대전대학교뷰티건강관리학과 * 대전대학교임상병리학과 Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 재료및방법 < 목차 > Ⅲ. 결과및고찰 Ⅳ. 결론 참고문헌 초록 본연구는 MYC 추출물의체중, 혈청지질농도변화, 지질대사개선및항비만에미치는효과를살펴보기위하여 5 주령의수컷비만 Zucker fa/- 쥐 50 마리를정상식이군 (ND), 고지방식이군 (HFD), 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물급여군 (HFD+MYC) 1%, 3%, 5% 군으로나누어 8 주간실시하였다. 정상식이군과비교하여고지방식이군은체중이증가하였고, MYC 추출물을첨가한시험물질급여군은농도의존적으로체중증가가억제되었다. 체중당간, 부고환지방조직의무게는 MYC 추출물의첨가로농도의존적으로유의하게감소하였고, 혈청중콜레스테롤과중성지방함량도고지방식이군에비교하여농도의존적으로유의하게억제되는경향을보였다. 간중의지질함량변화에서는총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산이정상식이군에대비하여고지방식이군에서유의한증가를나타났고시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 에서는유의한억제효과가나타났다. 변중의지질함량변화에서는시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 이유의한증가를나타내어간과혈액내에서의지질과콜레스테롤의축적이억제되는효과를나타내었다. 이러한결과는 MYC 추출물에함유된식이섬유와지질저하작용이보고되는플라보노이드계열의화합물이지방조직의체지방형성을억제함으로써항비만효과및체내지질대사개선등의효과를나타낸것으로사료된다. 주제어 : MYC 추출물, Zucker fa/- 쥐, 콜레스테롤, 항비만 교신담당저자 : 이름 : 황석연 E-mail : syhwang@dju.ac.kr Tel : 042-280-2902 접수일자 : 2010 년 6 월 14 일 수정일자 : 2010 년 7 월 25 일 게재확정일자 : 2010 년 8 월 2 일
72 Ⅰ. 서론 세계적으로비만이증가하고있으며우리나라의경우도생활양식이편리해지고식생활이서구화되면서동물성식품의섭취가늘어나게되어비만인구가증가하고있다. 비만은섭취한에너지중체내에서의대사활동을통해소비되고남은것이지방조직에중성지방으로축적되어발생되는것으로지방조직의기능에필요량보다훨씬많은지방이축적되어정상적인생리적및생화학적기능에영향을미치게되어 1) 관상동맥질환, 당뇨병, 고혈압, 고지혈증, 지방간등의성인병과관련된대사성질환이발생되는것으로밝혀졌다. 2) 이러한비만은유전적, 영양적, 환경적및사회적요인등다양한원인들이관여하는복잡한증후군이라고보고되고있다. 3) 체중을감소시키기위해서는약물투여와수술뿐만아니라식이요법, 운동, 행동수정요법들을병행함으로써에너지소비를늘려지방의체내축적을억제하는것이필요하다. 현재비만관련의약품및건강식품이여러작용기전에따라개발되어사용되고있지만 Pi-Sunyer 등 4) 에따르면위 장장애, 복부팽만, 구갈, 변비, 혈압상승같은부작용을초래한다고보고되었다. 이에체중조절에효과적이면서부작용이적은기능성소재들을천연물에서찾아내어작용기전에따라의약품이나건강기능성식품으로개발연구가활발히진행되고있으며, MYC 추출물도그중하나이다. 5) MYC 추출물 ( 상엽 : 야콘 : 홍화, 5:3:2) 은상엽을주성분으로하는복방제이다. 상엽 ( 桑葉, Mori Folium) 은뽕나무및동속근속식물의잎을건조한것으로맛은고감 ( 苦甘, 쓰고달음 ) 하고성질은한 ( 寒 ) 하다고한다. 6) 상엽에는 flavones(rutin quercetin, qucercitrin, isoquercitrin), alkaloid 성분인 α-glucosicase 저해활성을갖는 1-deoxynojirimycin, steroid, amino acid, vitamin 과다량의무기질및섬유소를함유하고, 혈당강하물질인 -amino-butyric acid(gaba) 이풍부하여항당뇨, 항산화, 항고혈압, 콜레스테롤저하, 발암및체지방축적억제효능이보고되고있다. 7)8) 특히콜레스테롤흡수저해작용이있다고알려진피토스테롤류의식물성분을함유하고있어식이섬유나단백질이풍부하고, 케르세틴도함유하고있어지질저하작용이있는것으로보고되고있다. 9) 야콘 (Yacon: Polymnia sonchifolia) 1) Huh KB, Recent progress in obesity research: Pathogenesis of obesity, Kor. J. Nut., 23(5):p.333-336, 1990 2) Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Salvini S, Willett WC, Hennekens CH, A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med., 325(6):p.373-81, 1991 3) Chua S, Leibel RL, Obesity genes: molecular and metabolic mechanisms, Diabetes reviews, 5(1):p.2-7, 1997Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Salvini S, Willett WC, Hennekens CH, A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med., 325(6):p.373-81, 1991 4) Pi-Sunyer FX, Aronne LJ, Heshmati HM, Devin J, Rosenstock J, Effect of rimonabant, a cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, on weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese patients, Journal of the American Medical Association, 295(7):p.761-75, 2006 5) Kishno E, Ito T, Fujita K, Kiuchi Y, A mixture of Salacia reticulata (Kotala himbutu) aqueous extract and cyclodextrin reduces body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, and total cholesterol and insulin increases in male Wistar fatty rats. Nutr. Res., 29(1):p.55-63, 2009 6) 정보섭, 신민교공편, 향약대사전 ( 식물편 ) 도서출판영 림사, p.545-546, 1989 7) Andallu B, Varadacharyulu, Antioxidant role of mulberry (Morus indica L. cv. Anantha) leaves in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, Clinica Chimica Acta, 338(1-2):p.3-10, 2003 8) Lee GW, Byun SY, Effect of folium mori on adipocyte differentiation, Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 8(5):p.299-302, 2003 9) Kayo D, Takashi K, Masaoki H, Yosgiya H, Effect of mulberry leaves on lipid metabolism in rabbits fed a
대한피부미용학회지제 8 권제 3 호 73 은국화과에속하는다년초괴근작물로, 괴근에는 fructose, glucose, sucrose, inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides 등이함유되어있어식이요법에의한당뇨병예방과치료에추천되어지고있으며, 10)11) 그중야콘에다량함유된이눌린은돼지감자, 치커리, 디알리아등식물의괴경에함유되어있는식이섬유로서변비개선, 장질환예방, 혈청콜레스테롤감소, 혈중지질저하, 혈당강화, 비만억제등의효과가있다고알려져있다. 12) 홍화 ( 紅花, Carthamus tinctorius L.) 는잇꽃이라하는국화과에속하는일년생초목으로홍화씨유에는리놀렌산의함량이높아혈중콜레스테롤저하작용이보고되고있다. 13) 비만의생리기전을연구하는데있어서 Zucker 랫드중 lean type인 Zucker fa/- 랫드는뇌시상하부에서 leptin 수용체의단일열성유전자 (fa) 의이상으로식욕조절중추에이상을유발하여비만이발생되는비만모델동물로난치성인체비만 cholesterol diet, Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Science, 47(1):p.15-22, 1994 10) Valentová K, Ulrichová J, Smallanthus sonchifolius and Lepidium meyenii-prospective Andean crops for the prevention of chronic diseases, Biomed. Pap., 147(2):p.119-130, 2003 11) Fiordaliso M, Kok N, Desager JP, Goethals F, Deboyser D, Roberfroid M, Delzenne N, Dietary oligofructose lowers triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol in serum and very low density lipoproteins of rats, Lipids, 30(2):p.163-167, 1995 12) Valentová K, Stejskal D, Bartek J, Dvořáčková S, Křen V, Ulrichová J, Šimánek V, Maca (Lepidium meyenii) and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) in combination with silymarin as food supplements: In vivo safety assessment, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(3):p.1006-1013, 2008 13) Kim JH, Jeon SM, Park YA, Choi MS, Moon KD, Effects of Safflower Seed(Carthamus timctorious L. Powder on Lipid Metabolism in High Fat and High Cholesterol-Fed Rats, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 28(3):p.625-631, 1999 및당뇨등과같은대사성질환모델동물로서다양하게사용되고있는훌륭한모델이다. 14)15) 따라서본연구는상엽 (Mori Folium), 야콘 (Yacon), 홍화씨 (Carthamus tinctorius L.) 를포함하는 MYC 추출물의생리활성효능을검증하기위하여 Zucker 랫드대상으로고지방식이와 MYC 추출물첨가식이를하여체중, 혈액생화학및지질대사개선에미치는효과를살펴보고자한다. Ⅱ. 재료및방법 1. 시험물질 시험에사용한 MYC 추출물의약제구성과양은 Table 1과같다. 건조된시험물질 1.0 kg에증류수 50 L를가하고 8시간동안가열추출하였다. 추출물을냉각시키고여과포로여과한다음여액을 1L부피로 evaporator를이용하여감압농축한다음동결건조하여얻은분말을시료로사용하였다. Table 1. Contents of MYC mixture Constituents Generic name Amount (g) 상엽 ( 桑葉 ) Mori folium 500 야콘 (Yacon) Polymnia sonchifolia 300 홍화 ( 紅花 ) Carthamus tinctorius L 200 Total 1,000 14) Michel O, Heudes D, Lamarre I, Masurier C, Lavau M, Bariety J, Chevalier J, Reduction of insulin and triglycerides delays glomerulosclerosis in obese Zucker rats., Kidney Int., 52(6):1532-42, 1997 15) Sánchez D, Moulay L, Muguerza B, Quiñones M, Miguel M, Aleixandre A, Effect of a soluble cocoa fiber-enriched diet in zucker Fatty rats, J Med Food, 313(3):621-8, 2010
74 2. 실험동물의사육및식이조성실험동물은생후 5주령의수컷 Zucker fa/- 랫드 ( 250g) 를 (SLC, Japan) 에서구입하여 1주일간적응시킨후, 정상식이군 (ND), 고지방식이군 ( 대조군, HFD), 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물첨가군 1%(HFD+MYC 1%), 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물첨가군 3% (HFD+MYC 3%) 및고지방식이와 MYC 추출물첨가군 5%(HFD+MYC 5%) 으로각각 10마리씩총 5군으로나누어 8주간사육하였다. 실험식이는실험동물용분말사료 (( 주 ) 샘타코, 경기도오산 ) 로일반가루사료와고지방가루사료 (1% 콜레스테롤, 3% 옥수수유 ) 를공급하였고, MYC 추출물첨가량은식이무게의 1%, 3%, 5% 로하여첨가하였다. 온도 23±2, 습도 50±10%, 환기횟수는시간당 10-12/hr, 명암주기는 12시간 (07:00-19:00), 조도는 200Lux의조건으로물과사료를자유롭게섭취할수있도록충분히공급하여사육하였다. 본연구의모든동물시험은충북대학교실험동물연구지원센터동물실험윤리위원회 (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, IACUC) 의승인하에동센터의표준작업순서 (Standard Operation Procedures, SOP) 에따라수행되었다. 3. 체중, 장기중량및지방축적량측정체중은실험기간 8주동안매주한번씩측정하였고, 장기의무게는복부를절단한실험동물로부터간, 콩팥등장기를적출하여지방및결합조직을제거하고생리식염수로세척하고여과지로수분을제거한후무게를측정하였다. 4. 혈청지질함량측정 사육이끝난실험동물은 18시간절식시킨후에 ethyl ether로가볍게마취시킨복부대동맥으로부터혈액을채취하였다. 채취한혈액은실온에서 30분간방치한후 3000rpm에서 10분간원심분리하여혈청을얻어혈액생화학자동분석기 (Hitachi- 747, Japan) 를이용하여분석하였다. 5. 간조직과변중의지질함량측정 간조직과변에서의총지질은 Folch 등 16) 의방법에준하여추출하였다. 간장 0.1 g에 chloroform : methanol(2:1, v/v) 용액 20ml를가한후균질화하여냉장고에서하룻밤동안추출한다음여과, 감압건조하고무게를측정하여총지질함량을구하였다. 간의총지질중총콜레스테롤함량은 Zlatkis와 Zak의방법에 17) 의하여측정하였고중성지방함량은 Biggs 등의방법으로측정하였다. 변중의담즙산의함량은 Tokunaga 등 18) 의방법으로변에서담즙산을추출한다음담즙산키트를사용하여측정하였다. 즉, 일정량의변에 1:1의아세톤과에탄올을넣고 1시간동안교반한후 3000rpm에서 20분씩각각 2번원심분리하여얻은상층액에서일정량의샘플을취하여질소가스로용매를증발시킨후수산화나트륨과디에틸에테르로녹여하층부의담즙산을추출한후 16) Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH, A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues, J. Biol. Chem., 226(1):p.497-509, 1957 17) Zlatkis A, Zak B, Study of a new cholesterol reagent. Anal Biochem., 29(1):p.143-8, 1969 18) Tokunaga T, Oku T, Hosoya N, Influence of chronic intake of new sweetener fructooligosaccharide (Neosugar) on growth and gastrointestinal function of the rat, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 32(1):p.111-21, 1986
대한피부미용학회지제 8 권제 3 호 75 에담즙산분석키트 (Sigma kit. no.450, 미국 ) 를사용하여측정하였다. 6. 통계처리모든실험결과는평균 ± 표준편차로나타내었으며, Levene's test를통해분산이동질성을갖는경우 One-way Analysis of Vatiance(ANOVA) 를실시하여유의성이관찰되면정상식이군 (ND) 과의유의차가있는실험군을알아내기위하여본페로니 (Bonferroni) 검정과시프 (Scheffe) 검정을실시하였다. 한편분산이동질적이지않은경우에는논파라메트릭분산분석검정 (Non-Parametric ANOVA test) 을실시하여그결과가유의적이면 t-test방법으로 p<0.05 수준에서검증하였다. Ⅲ. 결과및고찰 1. 체중, 장기중량및지방축적량측정고지방식이와 MYC 추출물의첨가수준을달리하여 8주간급여한 Zucker fa/- 랫드의체중증가량은 Figure 1과같다. 정상식이군 (ND) 의체중과비교하여보면, 고지방식이군 (HFD) 의체중은시험물질투여후 2주째부터증가하기시작하여 8주째에는 74.6% 증가함으로써체중증가량이정상식이군보다고지방식이군에서유의적으로높게나타남을관찰할수있었다. Lee 등 19) 은고지방식급여가일반식이군과비교하여체중을증가시킨다고보고하였는데이는본연구결과와일치하였 다. MYC 추출물이 1% 투여된 MYC 추출물 1% 군 (HFD+MYC 1%) 에서는정상식이군에비하여체중증가가억제되는경향은관찰할수있었지만유의적이지는않았다. 한편, MYC 추출물 (HFD+ MYC) 3%, 5% 군에서는정상식이군 (ND) 과고지방식이군 (HFD) 과의각각비교에서도유의한억제를나타내었다. 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물첨가수준을달리하여 8주간급여한 Zucker fa/- 랫드의체중당간, 신장, 부고환지방조직무게는 Table 2와같다. 체중당정상식이군 (ND) 의간무게는 3.20±0.19 g이었으며, 고지방식이군 (HFD) 에서는 3.70±0.21 g으로유의한증가를나타내었다. 그러나시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 에서는고지방식이군 (HFD) 에비하여농도의존적으로유의하게감소하는것을관찰할수있었다. 고지방식이군에서의간무게증가는과량의지방과콜레스테롤이체외로정상적으로배출되지못하고간내에축적되어간이비대해진것을나타낸다. 이는 Soloff 등 20) 의연구에서고지방식이급여는간내지방축적을유도하고간의중량을증가시킨다는보고와일치한다. 고지방식이섭취는고환주위지방조직에서도정상식이군 (ND) 에비하여고지방식이군 (HFD) 에서유의한증가를나타내었고, 시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 에서는용량의존적으로감소하였다. 좌, 우신장에서는정상식이군, 고지방식이군 (HFD) 및시험물질급여군 (HFD+M YC) 에서좌, 우모두감소하는경향을보였으나통계학적으로유의한감소는관찰되지않았다. 이러한결과는 MYC 추출물의필수아미노산, 식이섬유소, flavones 등의물질들이복합적으로 19) Rhee SJ, Kim KR, Kim HT, Hong JH, Effect of catechin on lipid composition and adipose tissue in obese rats fed high fat diet, J. Korean Soc, Food Sci. Nur., 36(5):p.540-547, 2007 20) Soloff LA, Rutenberg HL, Lacko AG, Serum cholesterol esterification in patients with coronary heart disease-importance of initial rate of esterification expressed as a function of free cholesterol, The American heart journal, 85(2):p.153-161, 1973
76 시너지효과를나타내어지질흡수를억제하거나항산화, 면역증강등의효능을나타내어고지방식이에의한체중증가를억제한것으로사료된다. 21)22) Figure 1. Changes in body weight of Zucker rats fed normal and high fat diets Table 2. Effect of MYC extracts on relative organ and epididymal adipose tissue weights(%) of Zucker rats fed normal and high fat diets Treatment Liver Left kidney Right kidney Epididymal adipose tissue ND 3.20±0.19 0.36±0.05 0.37±0.02 0.73±0.17 HFD 3.70±0.21 * 0.42±0.04 0.40±0.06 1.26±0.15 * HFD+MYC 1% 3.51±0.20 # 0.40±0.03 0.38±0.04 1.14±0.27 HFD+MYC 3% 3.53±0.23 # 0.36±0.05 0.35±0.05 1.09±0.31 HFD+MYC 5% 3.47±0.17 # 0.33±0.06 0.34±0.04 0.87±0.19 # Values are mean±s.d. (N=10). * Significantly different from normal diet (p<0.05). # Significantly different from high-fat diet (p<0.05) 2. 혈청지질농도변화고지방식이와 MYC 추출물의농도수준을달리하여 8주간급여한 Zucker fa/- 랫드의혈청지질농도변화는 Table 3와같다. 혈청중총콜레스테롤, 저밀도콜레스테롤및중성지방의농도가고지방식이군 (HFD) 에서유의한증가를나타내었다. 이러한변화는심혈관계질환중가장대표적인동맥경화를일으켜심근경색과같은허혈성심장질환과뇌졸중같은심각한질병을야기하는것으로알려져있다. Wat 등 23) 의연구에서도고지방식이급여가일반식이군과비교하여혈중중성지방과총콜레스테롤함량을증가시킨다고보고하였는데이는본연구결과와일치하였다. MYC 추출물을첨가한시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 3%, 5% 에서는농도의존적으로콜레스테롤과중성지방함량이유의하게억제하는경향을보였다. Davignon 의연구에의하면 24) 혈청중중성지방함량감소는관상심혈관계질환의위험을감소시키는것으로보고하였는데본연구결과에의하면 MYC 추출물투여로인해총콜레스테롤과저밀도콜레스테롤을억제하고고밀도지단백콜레스테롤이차지하는비율을높임으로써비만과관상심혈관계질환의위험을예방할수있을것으로사료되어진다. 21) Kim AR, Lee JJ, Lee YM, Jung HO, Lee MY, Cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity effects of polymnia sonchifolia poepp. & endl. powder in rats fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 39(2):p.210-218, 2010 22) Kim SK, Kim SY, Kim HJ, Kim AJ, The effect of mulberry-leaf extract on the body fat accumulation in obese fa/fa male zucker rats, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 30(3):p.516-520, 2001 23) Wat E, Tandy S Kapera E, Kamili A, Chung RWS, Andrew B, Rowney M, Cohn JS, Dietary phospholipidrich dairy milk extract reduces hepatomegaly, hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet, Atherosclerosis, 205(1):p.144-150, 2009 24) Davignon J, Cohn JS, Triglycerides: a risk factor for coronary heart disease, Atherosclerosis, 124(1):p.S57-64, 1996
대한피부미용학회지제 8 권제 3 호 77 Table 3. Effect of MYC extracts on lipid concentrations in serum of Zucker rats fed normal and high fat diets for 8 weeks Treatment ND HFD HFD HFD HFD +MYC 1% +MYC 3% +MYC 5% Cholesterol (mg/dl) 68.5±11.3 102±24.3 ** 85.5±16.4 74.6±25.4 # 71.2±12.8 # LDL (mg/dl) 15.3±2.9 20.5±4.5 * 17.6±5.4 16.9±6.7 # 16.1±5.2 # HDL (mg/dl) 21.4±8.5 22.1±7.5 24.7±4.9 25.4±3.8 24.2±5.6 Triglycerides (mg/dl) 88.7±23.4 135.7±42.3 ** 123.4±55.4 118.4±21.2 95.3±27.3 # Glucose(mg/dl) 145.6±41.5 165.8±31.4 151.2±25.6 148.2±38.4 146.6±45.7 Values are mean±s.d. (N=10). LDL; low-density lipop roteins, HDL; high-density lipoproteins, * Significantly different from normal diet (p<0.05). # Significantly different from high-fat diet (p<0.05) 3. 간과변중의지질함량변화 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물의농도를달리하여경구투여한 Zucker fa/- 랫드의간과변중의지질함량변화는 Table 4와같다. 간조직중총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산함량은정상식이군대비고지방식이군에서는 131%, 255%, 205% 로유의하게증가하였는데, 이는고콜레스테롤식이를급여한흰쥐의경우혈청내중성지방과콜레스테롤이증가하여간의중성지방과콜레스테롤함량도증가하였다는연구결과와일치하였다. 25) 시험물질급여군 (HFD+MST) 3% 와 5% 군에서는총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산함량이고지방식이군에대비하여유의한억제효과를나타내었다. 변중시험물질급여군 (HFD+MST) 의총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산함량에서는농도의존적으로증가하는값을나타내어 MYC 추출물섭취에의해지질, 콜레스테롤및담즙산이변을통해 많이배설됨을알수있었다. Miura 등은변중의콜레스테롤과담즙산의증가는담즙산생합성에관여하는 cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase의활성이증진되어간에서의콜레스테롤합성을저해함으로써혈중콜레스테롤및중성지방등을감소하게한다고보고하였다. 26) 이상의결과고지방식이를급여한 Zucker fa/- 랫드에게 MYC 추출물의급여는간조직의총지질및총콜레스테롤의함량을감소하게하고변중의총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산의함량을증가하게하여지방조직의축적을억제하게함으로써비만억제효과도있는것으로사료된다. Table 4. Effect of MYC extracts on liver and feces lipid contents of Zucker rats fed normal and high fat diets Group Total lipid (mg/dl) Total cholesterol (mg/dl) Bile acid (mg/dl) liver feces liver feces liver feces ND 151.2±12.6 105.2±16.7 16.5±3.1 9.61±3.3 30.4±2.4 16.5 ±3.5 HFD 198.4±45.4 * 124.7±38.7 * 42.1±15.4 * 14.2±3.1 * 62.4±5.9 * 26.8±5.7 * HFD+ MYC 189.4±27.5 148.6±45.4 36.4±12.4 16.3±4.9 52.9±6.3 32.4±3.8 1% HFD+ MYC 175.2±32.8 # 154.8±48.5 29.4±8.7 # 18.7±7.1 # 44.5±8.9 # 36.1±4.7 3% HFD+ MYC 5% 165.4±38.4 ## 166.4±41.2 # 17.5±4.8 ## 20.7±3.5 # 41.2±8.7 # 40.1±12.4 # Values are mean±s.d. (N=10). * Significantly different from normal diet (p<0.05). # Significantly different from high-fat diet (p<0.05) 25) Park OJ, Plasma lipids and fecal excretion of lipids in rats fed a high fat diet, a high cholesterol diet or a low fat/high sucrose diet, Korean J. Nutr., 27(8):p785-794, 1994 26) Miura D, Ito Y, Mizukuchi A, Hypocholesterolemic action of pre-germinated brown rice in hepatoma-bearing rats, Life sciences, 79(3):p.259-264, 2006
78 Ⅳ. 결론 참고문헌 5주령의수컷 Zucker fa/- 랫드 50마리를정상식이군 (ND), 고지방식이군 (HFD), 고지방식이와 MYC 추출물시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 1%, 3%, 5% 군으로나누어 8주간관찰하였다. 정상식이군과비교하여고지방식이군은체중이증가하였고, MYC 추출물을첨가한시험물질급여군은농도의존적으로체중증가가억제되었다. 체중당간, 부고환지방조직의무게는 MYC 추출물의첨가로농도의존적으로유의하게감소하였고, 혈청중콜레스테롤과중성지방함량도고지방식이군에비교하여농도의존적으로유의하게억제되는경향을보였다. 간중의지질함량변화에서는총지질, 총콜레스테롤및담즙산이정상식이군에대비하여고지방식이군에서유의한증가를나타내었고시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 에서는유의한억제효과가나타났다. 변중의지질함량에서는시험물질급여군 (HFD+MYC) 이유의한증가를나타내어간과혈액내에서의지질과콜레스테롤의축적이억제되는효과를나타내었다. 이러한결과는 MYC 추출물에함유된필수아미노산, 식이섬유소, flavones 등의물질들이복합적으로시너지효과를나타내어지질흡수를억제하거나항산화, 면역증강등의효능을나타내어고지방식이에의한체지방형성을억제함으로써항비만효과및체내지질대사개선등의효과를나타낸것으로사료된다. 정보섭, 신민교공편, 향약대사전 ( 식물편 ) 도서출판영림사, p.545-546, 1989 Andallu B, Varadacharyulu, Antioxidant role of mulberry (Morus indica L. cv. Anantha) leaves in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, Clinica Chimica Acta, 338(1-2):p.3-10, 2003 Chua S, Leibel RL, Obesity genes: molecular and metabolic mechanisms, Diabetes reviews, 5(1):p.2-7, 1997 Davignon J, Cohn JS, Triglycerides: a risk factor for coronary heart disease, Atherosclerosis, 124(1):p.S57-64, 1996 Fiordaliso M, Kok N, Desager JP, Goethals F, Deboyser D, Roberfroid M, Delzenne N, Dietary oligofructose lowers triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol in serum and very low density lipoproteins of rats, Lipids, 30(2):p.163-167, 1995 Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH, A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues, J. Biol. Chem., 226(1):p.497-509, 1957 Huh KB, Recent progress in obesity research:pathogenesis of obesity, Kor. J. Nut., 23(5):p.333-336, 1990 Kayo D, Takashi K, Masaoki H, Yosgiya H, Effect of mulberry leaves on lipid metabolism in rabbits fed a cholesterol diet, Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Science, 47(1):p.15-22, 1994 Kim AR, Lee JJ, Lee YM, Jung HO, Lee MY, Cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity effects of polymnia sonchifolia poepp. & endl. powder in rats fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet, J. Korean Soc.
대한피부미용학회지제 8 권제 3 호 79 Food Sci. Nutr., 39(2):p.210-218, 2010 Kim JH, Jeon SM, Park YA, Choi MS, Moon KD, Effects of Safflower Seed(Carthamus timctorious L. Powder on Lipid Metabolism in High Fat and High Cholesterol-Fed Rats, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 28(3):p.625-631, 1999 Kim SK, Kim SY, Kim HJ, Kim AJ, The effect of mulberry-leaf extract on the body fat accumulation in obese fa/fa male zucker rats, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 30(3):p.516-520, 2001 Kishno E, Ito T, Fujita K, Kiuchi Y, A mixture of Salacia reticulata (Kotala himbutu) aqueous extract and cyclodextrin reduces body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, and total cholesterol and insulin increases in male Wistar fatty rats. Nutr. Res., 29(1):p.55-63, 2009 Lee GW, Byun SY, Effect of folium mori on adipocyte differentiation, Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 8(5):p.299-302, 2003 Michel O, Heudes D, Lamarre I, Masurier C, Lavau M, Bariety J, Chevalier J, Reduction of insulin and triglycerides delays glomerulosclerosis in obese Zucker rats., Kidney Int., 52(6):1532-42, 1997 Miura D, Ito Y, Mizukuchi A, Hypocholesterolemic action of pre-germinated brown rice in hepatoma-bearing rats, Life sciences, 79(3):p.259-264, 2006 Park OJ, Plaxma lipids and fecal excretion of lipids in rats fed a high fat diet, a high cholesterol diet or a low fat/high sucrose diet, Korean J. Nutr., 27(8):p785-794, 1994 Pi-Sunyer FX, Aronne LJ, Heshmati HM, Devin J, Rosenstock J, Effect of rimonabant, a cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, on weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese patients, Journal of the American Medical Association, 295(7):p.761-75, 2006 Rhee SJ, Kim KR, Kim HT, Hong JH, Effect of catechin on lipid composition and adipose tissue in obese rats fed high fat diet, J. Korean Soc, Food Sci. Nur., 36(5):p.540-547, 2007 Sánchez D, Moulay L, Muguerza B, Quiñones M, Miguel M, Aleixandre A, Effect of a soluble cocoa fiber-enriched diet in zucker Fatty rats, J Med Food, 313(3):621-8, 2010 Soloff LA, Rutenberg HL, Lacko AG, Serum cholesterol esterification in patients with coronary heart disease-importance of initial rate of esterification expressed as a function of free cholesterol, The American heart journal, 85(2):p.153-161, 1973 Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Salvini S, Willett WC, Hennekens CH, A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med., 325(6):p.373-81, 1991 Tokunaga T, Oku T, Hosoya N, Influence of chronic intake of new sweetener fructooligosaccharide (Neosugar) on growth and gastrointestinal function of the rat, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 32(1):p.111-21, 1986 Valentová K, Stejskal D, Bartek J, Dvořáčková S, Křen V, Ulrichová J, Šimánek V, Maca (Lepidium meyenii) and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) in combination with silymarin as food supplements: In vivo safety assessment, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(3):p.1006-1013, 2008 Valentová K, Ulrichová J, Smallanthus sonchifolius and Lepidium meyenii-prospective Andean crops for the prevention of chronic diseases, Biomed. Pap., 147(2):p.119-130, 2003 Wat E, Tandy S Kapera E, Kamili A, Chung RWS, Andrew B, Rowney M, Cohn JS, Dietary phospholipid-rich dairy milk extract reduces hepatomegaly, hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet, Atherosclerosis, 205(1):p.144-150, 2009 Zlatkis A, Zak B, Study of a new cholesterol reagent. Anal Biochem., 29(1):p.143-8, 1969
80 Effect of MYC Extracts on Cholesterol-lowering and Anti-obesity Effects in Zucker rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Lee, Hye-Sook * Hwang, Seock-Yeon Dept. of Beauty and Health care, Daejeon University * Dept. of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate the anti-obesity of MYC extracts in male Zucker fa/- rats fed high rat diets for 8 week. Experimental groups were divided into 5 groups; a normal diet group(nd), a high fat diet group(hfd), a high fat diet and MYC extracts 1% group(hfd+myc 1%), a high fat diet and MYC extracts 3% group(hfd+myc 3%) and a high fat diet and MYC extracts 5% group(hfd+myc 5%). The body weight gain, liver and epididymal adipose tissue weights of HFD group were heavier than those of ND group, whereas those of groups administered MYC extracts were gradually decreased. The concentration of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly decreased in high fat diet and MYC extracts groups compared to HFD group. Levels of total cholesterol, lipid and bile acid in liver were significantly lower in MYC extracts administration groups than those in HFD group. Levels of total cholesterol, lipid and bile acid in feces were significantly higher in MYC extracts administration groups than those in HFD group. These results suggest that oral feeding of the MYC extracts may have anti-obesity effect by suppressing body weight gain, liver, epididymal adipose tissue weights and lipid metabolism of serum. Key Words : MYC extracts, Zucker fa/- rats, cholesterol, anti-obesity