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1 Korean J Women Health Nurs ( 여성건강간호학회지 ) Vol. 23 No. 2, , June 2017 pissn eissn 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축에미치는영향 박혜진 1 성미혜 2 해운대백병원 1, 인제대학교간호학과 2 Effects of Music Therapy on Stress of Preterm Labor and Uterine Contraction in Pregnant Women with Preterm Labor Park, Hye-Jin 1 Sung, Mi-Hae 2 1 Haeundae Baik Hospital, Busan 2 Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test effects of music therapy on stress due to preterm labor and uterine contraction in pregnant women with preterm labor. Methods: An experimental research design was used. Participants were 35 pregnant women with preterm labor who were between 20 to 37 weeks of pregnancy: control group (n=18) received only tocolytic drugs, while experimental group (n=17) received additional music therapy. In the experimental group, Traumerei was applied before Non-Stress Test (NST) from the second day to fifth day after admission as music therapy. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in stress due to preterm labor (z=-3.368, p<.001) between the two groups. Conclusion: The music therapy is an effective method for reducing the stress of pregnant women with preterm labor. Key Words: Preterm labor, Pregnant women, Stress, Music therapy, Uterine contraction 서론 1. 연구의필요성 최근여성들의사회활동이증가되어결혼연령이늦어지게되고, 이에따른고령임부의증가는고위험임신의증가요인으로작용할수있어사회적인문제로대두되고있다 [1]. 고위험임부로분류되는조기진통임부의발생빈도는전체임신의약 6~15% 로나타나고있으며, 최근조기진통을예측하거나진단하는방법과예방및치료에있어서다양한방법들이시도되고있다 [2]. 조기진통으로임부가입원을하게되면심리적불안으로발생되는스트레스가증가하게된다 [3]. 특히가족과떨어져일상적활동을제한받고치료과정중절대안정이임부에게큰스트레스로작용한다 [4]. 간호사는조기진통의원인및위험요소를조기에감지하고, 침상안정과약물요법으로자궁수축활동을억제하도록하는신체적간호뿐아니라, 심리적불안으로발생되는스트레스를감소시키기위해정서적지지와간호를해야한다 [5]. 그러나조기진통임부의간호는분만까지신체적, 심리적, 정서적지지등다양한개별중재가필요함에도불구하고자궁수축억제 주요어 : 조기진통, 임부, 스트레스, 음악요법, 자궁수축 Corresponding author: Sung, Mi-Hae Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Inje University, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea. Tel: , Fax: , nursmh@inje.ac.kr - 이논문은제1저자박혜진의석사학위논문의일부를발췌한것임. - This manuscript is a condensed form of the first author's master's thesis from Inje University. Received: Feb 27, 2017 / Revised: Apr 17, 2017 / Accepted: Jun 8, 2017 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. c 2017 Korean Society of Women Health Nursing

2 박혜진 성미혜 제투여와침상에서절대안정에의존하고있다 [4]. 스트레스를감소시키는간호중재중음악요법은관심전환방법중에하나로심리적접근을이용하는주요한간호중재이다 [6]. 음악은내적인긴장과갈등을해소시킬수있고특히신체적, 심리사회적인제약으로인해다양한스트레스해소법이나기분전환이힘든임부에게해소의경험과정서적유익을제공할수있다 [7]. 이완음악을감상하며긍정적인심상경험을격려하는음악요법이고위험임산부의생리적, 심리적이완을유도하는데효과적임을증명한연구 [5] 에서음악중재가고위험임산부들의생리적, 심리적안정을촉진시키는데효과가있음을보여주었다. 지금까지조기진통임부를대상으로신체적 심리적안정과지지를위한중재프로그램을적용하여효과를검증한연구는복식호흡 [8,9], 이완요법 [10] 등이있으며음악요법을적용한연구는 Kim [5] 의연구뿐으로매우미흡한실정이다. 국외의경우음악치료분야에서고위험임산부를대상으로한연구는찾아보기어려우며, 다만일반임산부를대상으로음악치료적개입을시도한연구들이상당수이루어져왔다 [5,11,12]. 음악요법의생리적, 심리적인유익한영향은다양한건강관리상황에서음악요법이독자적인간호중재를위한하나의방법으로사용될수있음을충분히예측하게한다 [7]. 따라서본연구는조기진통임부를대상으로음악요법을적용하여조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축빈도를감소시키기는지를확인하고자시도하였다. 2. 연구목적본연구의목적은음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축에미치는효과를파악하기위함으로, 구체적인목적은다음과같다. 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스에미치는효과를파악한다. 음악요법이조기진통임부의자궁수축에미치는효과를파악한다. 3. 연구가설본연구의가설은다음과같다. 가설 1: 음악요법을적용한실험군은음악요법을적용하지않은대조군보다조기진통스트레스가낮을것이다. 가설 2: 음악요법을적용한실험군은음악요법을적용하 지않은대조군보다자궁수축빈도가낮을것이다. 연구방법 1. 연구설계 본연구는일개의료기관에서수행함으로써발생할수있는실험효과확산의가능성을고려하여비동등성대조군전후시차설계 (nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design) 를적용하였다. 2. 연구대상본연구의대상자는 2014년 9월1일부터 2015년 10월10일까지부산시소재 I 대학병원분만실에입원한임부중선정기준에적합한자로하였다. 본연구자를위한표본수는음악요법의효과를측정한연구 [6] 를근거로 power analysis를적용하여유의수준.05, 검정력.80, 효과크기.50을유지하는표본수는군당 17명이었다 [13]. 중도탈락률을고려하여실험군과대조군을각각 18명으로선정하였다. 하지만실험군연구진행중조기진통임부 1명이실험이끝나기전분만을하면서탈락이되어, 최종전체대상자수는 35명으로하였다. 대상자의선정기준은임신 20~37주이내의임부로조기진통으로처음진단받고입원한자, 진통억제제를사용하는임부, 다른의학적합병증이없는임부, 태아에게의학적합병증이없는경우, 입원중양수천자, 양수주입술등의침습적의학처치를받지않은임부, 임신의유지를목적으로 5일이상입원한임부, 태교음악에노출되지않은임부, 본연구의목적을이해하고연구에참여하기를동의하는임부이었다. 무자극검사로가시화되는자궁수축의강도는자궁내압력카테터 (Intrauterine pressure catheter) 가아닌이상수치의정확성을논할수없지만임부의조기진통여부를판단할때무자극검사를자궁수축의가시적지표로참조차원의기준으로사용하였다. 진통억제제사용이효과적인경우조기진통으로진단되어임부는입원당시자궁수축이완전히소실될때까지대략 24시간이내에최대주입량이결정되며, 그이후에는자궁수축의조절여부에따라효과적인진통억제제의주입양을유지또는감소하게된다 [14]. 따라서본연구는입원후초기진통억제제를투여하고 24 시간이내에다른종류자궁수축억제제로바꾸지않은임부를대상으로하였다. 자료수집기간중대상자들간의처치확산효과를막기위하여대조군, 실험군순으로실험을진행하였다. 110 Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

3 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축에미치는영향 3. 윤리적고려연구대상자보호와관련된윤리적고려로서 I대학교기관생명윤리위원회IRB (IRB심의번호: AB-N-01) 의심의를받은후연구를진행하였다. 본연구의자료수집을하기전연구자가대상자가있는방을방문하여연구대상자로부터연구참여에대한동의서를받았다. 연구참여동의서는연구대상자가본연구에자의로참여하고원하지않는경우언제라도철회가가능하다고설명하여, 연구대상자의서면동의를받았다. 본연구자는수집된자료를연구목적으로만사용할것과연구참여자의익명을지킬것을약속하였다. 또한모든대상자들의음악요법에대한정보가제공될것임을설명하였으며, 실험에참여한모든대상자들에게는소정의사례를제공하였다. 4. 중재프로그램개발 1) 음악요법본연구에서는 Kim [5] 의연구에서제시한이완을유도하기에적합한음악요소적특성및음악적특성을만족하는긴장완화음악 [15] 인슈만의트로이메라이는멜론음원사이트 ( 검색을통해음원을다운로드받은후 MP3로옮겨서조기진통임부에게음악요법으로사용하였다. 음악요법으로사용한음악의타당성은실험연구후음악치료전문가 ( 박 **- 부산대학교병원통합의학센터예술치료실연구 ) 로부터재차검증을받았다. 이완을위한음악감상환경을위해먼저신체를조이거나호흡및신체이완에방해가되는것들 ( 안경, 헤어밴드, 장신구등 ) 을제거하도록권유하고, 가능한등을대고눕되허리나등이불편할경우본인이편안한자세를취하도록하였다 [16]. 이완과정이효과적으로진행될경우호흡이느려지고체온이떨어질가능성이있으므로보온을유지하도록담요등을덮도록하였다. 이것은동시에심리적담요 (psychological blanket) 의의미도가지는데, 대상자가좀더보호되고안전한느낌을가질수있게한다 [5]. 병원환경관련스트레스 7문항, 치료적처치관련스트레스 6 문항, 건강전문가와의의사소통관련스트레스 6문항등으로이루어져있다. 도구의측정은 Likert 4점척도로 전혀그렇지않다 1점에서 항상그렇다 4점으로배정하였으며점수가높을수록스트레스가높음을의미한다. Kim [17] 의연구에서도구의신뢰도 Cronbach's 는.87이었고, 본연구의신뢰도 Cronbach's 는.92였으며, 각하위영역별신뢰도의범위는.77~.88이었다. 2) 무자극검사자궁수축은 Hammacher 등에의해권장된방법이고태아에스트레스가없는상태에서태아심박동을조사함으로써태아의상태 ( 태아기능부전유무 ) 를판정하는방법 [18] 인무자극검사 (Non Stress Test, NST) 를통해 NST 검사상나타난자궁수축의빈도를측정하였다. 자궁수축의강도가 15 mmhg 는되어야산모가통증을느낄수있으므로 [19], 자궁수축의빈도는그래프상강도가 15 mmhg 이상인자궁수축의빈도로측정하였다. 실험처치에이용되는태아전자감시장치는 에연구가이루어진병원에서구매하였고, 제조사는 G-E medical ( 스웨덴 ) 이고, 구성번호 (S/N): SAS PA 로사용되고있다. 6. 연구진행본연구는음악요법을적용을위한연구자의훈련, 사전조사, 실험처치, 사후조사순으로진행하였다 (Figure 1). 1) 연구보조자의훈련연구의설명및사전질문지, 동의서는연구자가직접수집하였으며, 연구보조자로분만실간호사 5인 ( 분만실경력 3년이상 ) 을선정하여 3회 /1일 NST 검사전에음악요법을시행하도록하였다. 연구보조자에게음악에대한편견이임부에게전달되지않도록음악요법시음악과관련된질문을받지않도록교육하였다. 5. 연구도구 1) 조기진통스트레스 Kim [17] 이개발한조기진통스트레스측정도구를사용하였다. 이도구는총 47문항으로태아관련스트레스 7문항, 임부관련스트레스 15문항, 배우자관련스트레스문항 6문항, 2) 사전조사입원당일조기진통억제제를투여받고임부의자궁수축의규칙성및부작용이사라진후, 임부에게연구의목적및방법을설명하여연구에대한동의를얻었다. 각대상자의상태에따라중재전일혹은당일아침에대상자들에게연구동의서를받았다. 입원후 24시간이내에조기진통스트레스설문지를 Vol. 23 No. 2,

4 박혜진 성미혜 Pretest (Within 24hours after admission) Treatment (Total Tx number or duration) Posttest (Five days after admission) Control group Experimental group - General characteristics - Stress related to preterm labor - Frequency of uterine contraction Non stress test (Three times / day) Music therapy + Non stress test (Three times / day) - Stress related to preterm labor - Frequency of uterine contraction Figure 1. Process of this study. 사전조사용으로배부하고대상임부가스스로알고응답하도록하였다. 설문지작성은 10분정도소요되었다. 3) 실험처치입원후 2일째부터 5일째까지 NST 검사전에음악요법을시행하였다. 입원당일조기진통억제제를투여받고임부의자궁수축의규칙성및부작용이완전히사라진입원 2일째부터 5 일째까지매 NST 검사 (3회/1일) 전에음악요법을시행하였다. 매회제공되는음악은 3곡으로총 15분정도들려주었다. 본연구에서음악요법을 4일간시행한근거는본연구와유사한선행논문의조기진통임부의평균재원일수가조기분만을포함하여, 4.6일이었으며 [20], 조기분만사례를제외하였기때문에평균재원일수가늘어났을것을예상하여 4일간시행하기로결정하였다. 4) 사후조사사후조사는입원 5일째아침에시행하였으며, 조기진통스트레스는조기진통스트레스설문지를이용하여조사하였다. 자궁수축빈도는 NST 검사상나타난자궁수축의빈도를조사하였다. 7. 자료분석수집된자료는 SPSS/WIN 20.0 프로그램을이용하여분석하였다. 대상자의일반적특성에대한동질성검정은 x 2 test, Fisher exact test로분석하였고, 두집단의변인들의사전동질성검증은정규성검증을위하여 Shapiro-Wilk 검증을실시한후, Independent t-test와 Mann-Whiteny 검증을실시하였다. 가설의검정을위하여 Independent t-test, Mann-Whiteny, Wilcoxon 부호순위검증을실시하였다. 연구결과 1. 실험군과대조군의사전동질성검증 1) 대상자의일반적특성에대한동질성검증본연구의실험군과대조군의일반적특성은모든변수에서통계적으로유의한차이가없어동질한것으로나타났다 (Table 1). 2) 종속변수에대한동질성검증음악요법중재전종속변수에대한실험군과대조군의동질성검정결과두집단간에통계적으로유의한차이가없어두집단은동질하였다 (Table 2). 2. 가설검정 1) 가설 1 음악요법을적용한실험군은음악요법을적용하지않은대조군보다조기진통스트레스가낮을것이다. 를검정한결과실험군의조기진통스트레스점수는실험전 2.22점에서실험후 1.77점으로 0.44점감소하였고, 대조군의조기진통스트레스점수는실험전 2.07점에서실험후 2.02점으로 0.04점감소하여두집단간에유의한차이가있었다 (t=-3.36, p<.001). 하부영역에서태아관련조기진통스트레스 (t=-2.26, p=.030), 임부관련조기진통스트레스 (t=-3.49, p=.001), 배우자관련조기진통스트레스 (t=-1.80, p=.080), 병원환경관련조기진통스트레스 (z=-2.61, p=.008) 에서두집단간유의한차이가 112 Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

5 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축에미치는영향 Table 1. Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics of Subjects (N=35) Characteristics Categories Total (n=35) (n=18) (n=17) n(%) n(%) n(%) x 2 p Age (yr) < (25.7) 26 (74.3) 5(27.8) 13 (72.2) 4(23.5) 13 (76.5) Occupation Yes No 17 (48.6) 18 (51.4) 9(50.0) 9(50.0) 8(47.1) 9(52.9) Education High school College 6(17.1) 29 (82.9) 4(22.2) 14 (77.8) 2(11.8) 15 (88.2).658 Monthly income (10,000 won) 400 > (45.7) 19 (54.3) 9(50.0) 9(50.0) 7(41.2) 10 (58.8) =experimental group; =control group; Fisher's exact test. Table 2. Homogeneity Test for Stress related to Preterm Labor and Frequency of Uterine Contraction at Pretest (N=35) Variables Categories Stress Total Fetal Maternal Spouse Hospital settings Treatment Communication Total (N=35) (n=18) (n=17) M±SD M±SD M±SD 2.14± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.60 t or z (p) (.287) (.166) (.112) (.600) (.287) (.708) (.318) Frequency of uterine contraction 2.89± ± ± (.732) =experimental group; =control group; Mann-Whitney test. 있었다. 따라서가설 1은지지되었다 (Table 3). 2) 가설 2 음악요법을적용한실험군은음악요법을적용하지않은대조군보다자궁수축빈도가낮을것이다. 를검정한결과, 실험군의자궁수축의빈도는실험전 3.00점에서실험후 2.65점으로 0.35점감소하였고, 대조군의자궁수축의빈도는실험전 2.78점에서실험후 2.44점으로 0.33점감소하였으나두집단간에유의한차이가없었다 (z=-.56, p=.613). 따라서가설 2는기각되었다 (Table 4). 논의 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스에미치는효과를확인한결과대상자의조기진통스트레스의점수는실험군이대조군에비해유의하게감소한것으로나타났다. 본연구결과와같이생리적약물적치료뿐만아니라심리적이완을위한음악요법을적용하여긍정적인효과를얻은연구들이 있다. 고위험임부를대상으로심상중심의음악의효과를검증한연구 [5] 에서, 생리적이완의지표로평균말초피부온도를측정한결과음악을적용하기전말초피부온도가 32.2 에서적용후 33.2 로말초피부온도가 1 상승하였는데, 이는이완된상태에서는피부온도가높아지고, 긴장된상태에서는피부온도가낮아지게된다는것을의미한다고하였다. 또한심리적인이완의지표로대상자가현재느끼고있는긴장과이완정도를시각적상사척도 (Visual Analog Scale, VAS) 를이용하여측정하였는데음악을적용전심리적이완정도의평균점수가 50.5점에서적용후 25.7점으로 24.8점감소하였다. 이러한결과는본연구에서음악요법을적용한조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스정도가낮게나타난결과와일맥상통한것이라할수있다. 조기진통스트레스의하부영역에대한분석에서태아관련조기진통스트레스, 임부관련스트레스, 병원환경스트레스도실험군이대조군에비해유의하게감소하였다. 그러나배우자관련스트레스, 치료적처치관련스트레스와건강전문가와의의사소통관련스트레스는두군간의유의한차이가없는것으 Vol. 23 No. 2,

6 박혜진 성미혜 Table 3. Differences in Stress related to Preterm Labor between Two Groups Variables Categories Group Stress related to preterm labor Total Fetal Patient Spouse Hospital settings Treatment Communication Pretest Posttest Difference M±SD M±SD M±SD 2.07± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±0.50 =experimental group; =control group; Mann-Whitney U test; Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks test. (N=35) t or z (p) (.001) (.030) (.001) (.080) (.008) (.096) (.163) Table 4. Difference in Frequency of Uterine Contraction between Two Groups Variables Frequency of uterine contraction Group Pretest Posttest Difference M±SD M±SD M±SD 2.78± ±1.06 =experimental group; =control group ; Mann-Whitney U test. 2.44± ± ± ±0.49 z(p) (.613) (N=35) 로나타났다. 이와같이조기진통스트레스의하부영역에서부분적으로두군간차이가나타난결과는임부가조기진통시분만실에입원하여집중치료를받는것과관련이있다고사료된다. 즉조기진통발생시우선적으로당사자인임부와태아에대한스트레스가클것으로생각되며보호자가상주하지못하는분만실환경으로인한스트레스가있을것으로생각된다. 반면두군모두분만실에서집중치료를받기때문에치료나의료진과의소통에대한스트레스는다른영역의스트레스에비해상대적으로크지않았기때문에두군간차이가없는것으로사료된다. 조기진통임부는정상임부보다다많은스트레스원을가지는데, 치료과정중에약물투여가태아에미치는영향으로인한스트레스를겪을수있고, 입원후병원환경도조기진통임부에게스트레스원이될수있다 [17] 는것을볼때, 조기진통임부들에게음악요법을실시하여심리적이완을유도한다면이들의다양한조기진통스트레스감소에도움을줄것으로사료된다. 본연구에서는이완요법으로음악요법한가지만적용하였는데, 음악요법과이완요법을복합적으로적용하여음악을적용한복식호흡이조기진통임부의불안과긴장이완에미치는 효과를측정한연구 [14] 가있다. 이연구에서복식호흡만실시한실험군과복식호흡과더불어음악요법을함께시행한실험군을두어차이를비교하였는데, 그결과대조군과복식호흡만시행한실험군과음악요법을함께시행한실험군간에심리적불안반응의지표인 VAS와생리적이완반응의지표인혈압, 맥박, 피부온도에서차이를나타내, 복식호흡과음악요법을함께시행하는것이조기진통임부의불안과긴장완화를위해도움이것으로본다. 선행연구 [14] 에서각집단별조기진통임부의불안과이완정도를확인하기위해중재전 후심리적불안 (VAS) 점수를분석한결과에서 VAS는중재전점수와중재후점수의차이가음악을통한복식호흡집단이 1.58, 복식호흡집단 0.28, 대조군 0.75 순으로나타났다. 수축기혈압은중재전과중재후혈압의차이가복식호흡집단이 8.08 mmhg, 복식호흡집단 4.65 mmhg, 대조군 1.70 mmhg의순이었으며, 이완기혈압은중재전과중재후혈압의차이가음악을통한복식호흡집단이 5.80 mmhg, 복식호흡집단 3.20 mmhg, 대조군 0.55 mmhg의순이었다. 피부온도는음악을통한복식호흡집단이 7.71, 복식호흡집단 3.45, 대조군 0.51 의순으로유의미한차이를나타내었다. 이는조기진통임부의불안및 114 Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

7 음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스및자궁수축에미치는영향 긴장이완을위해복식호흡과음악요법두가지를병합하여사용한연구결과가있지만본연구에서한가지종류의음악요법을적용하였을때도조기진통임부의스트레스를감소시키는데효과가있음이확인되었다. 따라서조기진통임부의심리적및생리적이완을위해음악요법과함께이완을유도하는간호중재를시행한다면보다긍정적인효과를줄것으로보인다. 본연구에서자궁수축빈도가대조군과비교하여통계적으로유의한차이가없었는데, 이는실험군에게적용한 4일동안의음악요법이무자극검사상조기진통임부의자궁수축의빈도를감소시키는데는중재시간이짧았을가능성이있는것으로생각된다. 따라서조기진통임부의자궁수축에대한음악요법의효과를명확히검증하기위해서는중재기간을확대적용하여그효과를검증하는연구가필요하다고본다. 그러나자궁수축빈도가대조군은 2.44점실험군은 2.65점감소한것으로보아음악요법의자궁근육이완경향성을확인할수있었으므로음악요법외에이완을적극적으로유도할수있는복식호흡, 이완요법및이들의병합과관련한연구를통해이에대한규명이필요할것으로사료된다. 본연구는조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스와자궁수축빈도를감소시키기위한중재방법으로음악요법의효과를확인한것에의의가있다. 조기진통임부에게음악요법을적용시대상자들이거부감없이이를수용하였으며, 중재에소요되는시간이짧고, 적은비용과인력으로적용가능하다는면에서다른중재방법보다장점이있다고사료된다. 본연구는조기진통으로일병원의분만실에입원한임부를대상으로하였고다양한음악이아닌세곡의음악만을다루었다는점에서제한점이있다. 또한, 연구기간이짧고한정된공간내에서음악요법을시행함으로써자궁수축에미치는효과를확인하기에제한적이었을수있다. 따라서향후반복연구에서는연구기간확대와연구대상자수를증가시켜좀더일반적인음악요법의효과를검증하는연구가필요하며, 음악요법또한선호음악과긴장완화음악의차이, 음악요법의시간대별생리적, 심리적변화도보완한반복연구를통해조기진통으로입원한임부의조기진통스트레스와자궁수축빈도를감소시킴으로써조기진통임부의심리적안정뿐만아니라조기진통으로인한입원기간및조산율을낮추는데기여할수있을것으로본다. 결론 본연구는조기진통을주진단명으로입원한임부를대상으로음악요법을적용하여조기진통스트레스와자궁수축에미 치는효과를규명하고자실시하였다. 연구결과, 음악요법은조기진통스트레스를감소시키고, 자궁근육을이완시키는경향이있음을확인하였다. 본연구는조기진통임부의치료에있어서의학적인치료뿐만아니라비약물적인음악요법이조기진통임부의조기진통스트레스는물론자궁근육을이완시키는경향등의긍정적인효과가있음을규명하여향후실무에서중재방안으로적용할수있는기초자료를제공하였다는점에서의의가있다고할수있다. 따라서음악요법의자궁수축완화에대한효과를규명하기위해서는추후연구에서이에대해더탐색해야할필요가있다고보인다. 이상의결과를토대로다음과같이제언하고자한다. 첫째, 본연구결과를토대로임상에서적용할것을제언한다. 둘째, 선호음악과긴장완화음악의차이, 음악요법의시간대별생리적, 심리적변화도보완한반복연구를제언한다. REFERENCES 1. Kim A, Ma JY. Overview for the management of preterm labor. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science. 2007;50(1): Shin JC. Recent trends in management of preterm labor. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science. 2006;49(7): Moon EH, Kim JY, Jeung MK, Son HM, Oh JA. Anxiety-depression and maternal fetal attachment behaviors of pregnant women with preterm labor and normal pregnant women. Korean Parent-Child Health Journal. 2006;9(2): Hwang RH. Relationship between maternal fetal attachment and state anxiety of pregnant women in the preterm labor. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2013;19(3): Kim JY. Imagery-centered music listening on physiological and psychological relaxation of women with high-risk pregnancy [master s thesis]. Seoul: Ewha Womans University; p. 6. Kim IS, Kim HS, Lee MH. Effects of music therapy on anxiety and distress in patients taking thoracentesis. Journal of East- West Nursing Research. 2011;17(2): Kwun YS, Kim TH. The effect of music therapy on anxiety of cesarean section women. Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing. 2000;7(3): Chang SB, Park HJ, Bae CH, Shim JO. The effect of abdominal breathing on preterm labor anxiety and frequency of uterine contraction. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research. 2007; 13(3): Yu WJ, Song JE. Effects of abdominal breathing on state anxiety, stress, and tocolytic dosage for pregnant women in preterm labor. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2010;40(3): Vol. 23 No. 2,

8 박혜진 성미혜 Choi MS, Park YJ. The effect of relaxation therapy on anxiety and stress of pregnant women with preterm labor. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2010;16(4): Yang M, Li L, Zhu H, Alexander IM, Liu S, Zhou W, et al. Music therapy to relieve anxiety in pregnant women on bedrest: A randomized, controlled trial. American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing. 2009;34(5): Federico GF, Whitwell GE. Music therapy and pregnancy. Journal of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health. 2001; 15(4): Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral science. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; p Kim SJ. The effects of the abdominal breathing through music to reduce tension and anxiety for pregnant women who has premature contractions [master s thesis]. Seoul: Sookmyung Women's University; p. 15. Choi BC. Music therapy. Seoul: Hakjisa; p. 16. Grocke DE, Grocke D, Wigram T. Receptive methods in music therapy: Techniques and clinical applications for music therapy clinicians, educators and students. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; p. 17. Kim MK. Change of stress and nursing needs after admission in preterm labor [master s thesis]. Inchon: Inha University; p. 18. Mackinnon K. Living with the threat of preterm labor: Women's work of keeping the baby in. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing. 2006;35(6): Freeman RK, Thomas JG, Nageotte MP, Miller LA. Fetal heart rate monitoring. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; p. 20. Kim MK, Lee YW, Cho IS, Lim JY. Change of stress and nursing needs after hospitalization in preterm labor women. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2009;15(1): Summary Statement What is already known about this topic? Stress due to preterm labor is a major problem for pregnant women with preterm labor. Abdominal breathing and relaxation therapy are common methods to decrease stress of preterm labor. What this paper adds? The music therapy decreased stress due to preterm labor in pregnant women with preterm labor. Also, the music therapy tends to decrease uterine contraction, but it is not statistically significant. Implications for practice, education and/or policy The music therapy for pregnant women with preterm labor may be a meaningful way to alleviate perceived stress due to preterm labor and can be easily adapted as a practical strategy in nursing practice. Further studies are needed to develop nursing interventions that would decrease stress of preterm labor and uterine contractions. 116 Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

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