02( )p.9-14.fm

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "02( )p.9-14.fm"

Transcription

1 한국임상약학회지제 27 권제 1 호 Korean J Clin Pharm, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2017 Original Article Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Official Journal of Korean College of Clinical Pharmacy pissn eissn X URL: 중동호흡기증후군 (MERS) 발생관련전국약학대학의실무실습교육대응현황 최경희 1,2 최경숙 1,3 이영숙 1,4 김재연 1,5 정경혜 1,6 오정미 1,7 최경업 1,8 나현오 1,9 * 김은경 1,7 * 1 한국임상약학회, 2 순천대학교약학대학, 3 분당서울대학병원약제부, 4 계명대학교약학대학, 5 아산병원약제부 6 중앙대학교약학대학, 7 서울대학교약학대학, 8 차의과학대학교약학대학, 9 가톨릭대학교약학대학 (2017 년 2 월 23 일접수 2017 년 3 월 21 일수정 2017 년 3 월 22 일승인 ) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak and Responsiveness of the Pharmacy Programs on the Pharmacy Practice Education Kyung Hee Choi 1,2, Kyung Suk Choi 1,3, Young Sook Lee 1,4, Jaeyoun Kim 1,5, Kyeong Hye Jeong 1,6, Jung Mi Oh 1,7, Kyung Eob Choi 1,8, Hyeon Oh Ra 1,9 *, and Euni Lee 1,7 * 1 Korean College of Clinical Pharmacy, Committee on Pharmacy Practice Experience Programs, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea 2 College of Pharmacy, Suncheon University, Suncheon, Joellanam-do 57922, Republic of Korea 3 Department of pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea 4 Department of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea 5 Department of Pharmacy, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea 6 College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea 7 College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea 8 College of Pharmacy, Cha University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea 9 College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea (Received February 23, 2017 Revised March 21, 2017 Accepted March 22, 2017) ABSTRACT Background: Pharmacy curriculum change was made from a 4-year program to a 2+4 year program in year 2009 in Korea. The change has resulted in more educational exposures on patient-centered practice environments for about 1,400 hours in the last year of the professional pharmacy program. When the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak hit Seoul and suburban areas and propagated to other provinces in Korea, emergency response to avoid student infection in the pharmacy practice sites became an urgent issue. While other health professional programs such as medicine and nursing had activated emergency preparedness manuals, timely and clear guidelines were not disseminated to all pharmacy programs and protective measures largely relied on individual pharmacy program. Methods: A survey was developed by the Committee on Pharmacy Practice Experience Programs in the Korean College of Clinical Pharmacy to document the status of pharmacy programs during the Korea MERS outbreak in The 10-question survey was distributed to the pharmacy practice experience coordinators to 34 out of 35 pharmacy schools in Korea by s. Results: Our findings showed that 82.4% of the program coordinators (28/34) responded to the survey, 96.4% of the programs did not have emergency preparedness manuals, administrative meetings were held in 89.3% of the pharmacy programs, the rotation schedules were modified or withheld in 53.6% of schools, and the changes were mostly observed from the programs classified as MERS outbreak regions. Conclusion: Further needs in establishing the emergency preparedness manual should be explored for pharmacy education stakeholders. KEY WORDS: Emergency preparedness, pharmacy practice experience, MERS *Correspondence to: Euni Lee, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea Tel: , Fax: eunilee@snu.ac.kr *Co-correspondence to: Hyeon Oh Ra, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Jibong-ro 43, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea Tel: , Fax: hola@catholic.ac.kr 9

2 10 / Korean J Clin Pharm, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2017 우리나라의약학대학에 6년제학제가도입되고 2013년부터전국약학대학의실무실습교육이각의료기관및지역약국등의현장에서시행되었다. 1,2) 새롭게개편된국내약학대학의 6 년제학제는과거에이루어지던이론중심의약학교육에서탈피하여, 약사업무의선진화를이룬외국약학교육의목표 3) 와견주어도손색이없도록마련되었다. 그러므로새로운 6년제학제는전문적인지식과실무능력, 그리고태도를함께갖추어환자중심의약료서비스를제공하는전문인을양성하고, 급변하는국내보건의료체계에서약사의직무와관련하여필수적으로요구되는항목과특화된약료서비스를제공할수있는실무능력의함양이라는교육목표에적절한기준을만족시킬수있는변화이다. 2) 이러한새로운학제에서는전문기술과실무능력함양을위해주로 5학년과 6학년학생들에게의료기관과지역약국실무실습은필수적으로이수해야하는과정으로진행되고있다. 전국약학대학학생들의실무실습교육환경이 3년째이르러점차안정화되고있던 2015년 5월말, 첫 메르스 ( 중동호흡기증후군, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) 환자가발생하였다. 신속한대응이미비했던이후 2개월동안, 수도권일대뿐아니라지방까지감염범위가넓혀지면서총 186명의환자가 MERS로확진되었으며, 이중 38명이사망하였다. 4) 환자와최접점에서일하는의료기관종사자들의경우감염질환에노출되어있는상태이며다른질환에비해치사율이높은 MERS, 중증급성호흡기증후군 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS), 에볼라나조류인플루엔자감염위험률또한일반인보다높은것으로알려져있다. 5) 이로인해각의료기관에서는철저한방역이질병의전파를막기위해매우중요한요소로작용되었으며이는의료기관에서실습을진행하고있던많은약학대학학생들도예외는아니었다. 2003년홍콩에서발생하였던 SARS 의경우 16명의의과대학생들이감염되었고이러한감염병의경우상황에대한빠른판단과이에대응하는지침의정확한준수가질병전파예방에매우중요하다고보고되었다. 6) 한국임상약학회는약학대학실무실습교육의코디네이터이며의료기관약제부와긴밀한협력관계를유지하는임상약학전공교수들을중심으로다양한임상업무와관련된회원으로구성된학회로, 한국임상약학회실무실습위원회에서는 MERS 감염에노출될수있는실습환경이당시학생들에게미치는위험, 감염병의위기상황중약학대학실무실습현황, 그리고이러한위기상황에서필요한대응책을제시하는구체적인지침서의필요성에대한조사의필요성을제안하였고, 이에본설문조사를수행하였다. 연구방법 연구대상및자료수집본연구는 2015년 7월 20일부터 1주일동안한국임상약학회실무실습위원회가전국총 35개약학대학중의료기관실무실습담당코디네이터로서공식적인연락처정보가있는 34개약학대학의담당교수에게설문지를발송하였고, 그중총 28개대학으로부터수집된 MERS 설문자료 결과를근거로진행되었다. 본설문자료는한국임상약학회실무실습위원회가개발한총 10개항목으로구성되었으며 MERS 확산위험에따른교육환경의변화를예측하여이에대응하는약학대학교의민감성유무를확인하는설문으로시작하고있다. 전국적으로 MERS라는감염질환이확산되었던상황에서실무실습교육지속여부와기간변경등교육과정의수정여부를결정하는단계가존재했었는지와함께실습사이트의위치, 수정시그결정의근거, 교육과정의수정결정이교육기간에미치는영향의유무를확인하였다. 또한, 교육과정의수정으로인해전체실무실습이수시간이규정된시간보다부족해진경우그에따른보충방법, 위급사항발생시대응매뉴얼의존재유무와매뉴얼의필요성과관련된내용이질문내용에포함되었다 (Appendix 1). MERS 관련설문은 Ozsurvey (Webstage corporation, Seoul, Korea) software를사용하여작성하였고, 전자우편을통한온라인방식으로분포되고취합된결과를수집하여데이터자료화하였다. 통계분석구축된설문데이터자료는한국임상약학회를통하여학술목적으로의사용허가를받아분석을진행하였다. 통계분석목표는 MERS 확산위험과같은감염질환전파위험이발행한상황에서교육환경의변화에대한각약학대학교의민감성빈도, 실무실습교육기간의변경결정비율, 실무실습기관의위치가교육지속변경결정에미치는영향등을산출하고메뉴얼의형태로표준화된위기사항대응지침서의필요성여부를확인하고지침서개발의주관기관에대한우선순위를보고하는것이다. 기술적통계분석은단변량분석법이사용되었으며실습교육과정변경과 MERS 위험지역으로분류된지역과의상관관계를확인하기위해이변량분석법이사용되었다. 수집된자료는 Window용 SPSS Version 21.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY) 를사용하여분석하였다. 연구대상자의개인정보보호한국임상약학회에서소장하고있는 MERS 설문자료 는

3 중동호흡기증후군 (MERS) 발생관련전국약학대학의실무실습교육대응현황 / 11 설문참여자의개인정보가보호되며연구자료에정보를포함하지않은자료로서한국임상약학회의동의와서울대학교생명윤리위원회의심의와승인을받아연구분석이수행되었다 (IRB No. E1608/ ). 연구결과 전체응답한약학대학의 89.29% 는 MERS 사태와관련된실무실습진행여부의논의가이루어졌다고보고하였다. MERS의감염전파위험때문에실습교육과정의중단혹은변경이있었던학교는 53.58% 이었으며, 이러한실습교육과정의중단 혹은변경이있었던지역은대부분 MERS 위험지역으로분류되었던서울경기충남 / 대전경남 / 부산지역이었다 (85.71%). 이때실습교육과정의중단혹은변경의판단주체는병원약제부혹은약학대학단독적인결정보다는실습기관과약학대학간의협의 (61.90%) 가가장높은빈도로보고되었다. 약학대학에서의료기관실무실습교육과정을변경하게되었을때, 변경결정의근거로는 의료기관의요청 이 42.86% 로가장빈도가높았고 약학대학의정책 을근거로제시한경우도 35.71% 의높은빈도로보고되었다. 흔하지않았으나 의과대학의임상실습지침 (10.71%) 이나 타의료관련대학의임상실습지침 (7.14%) 도결정에근거로사용되었다고보고되었다 (Table 1). Table 1. Responses from the pharmacy programs related to the pharmacy during the MERS outbreak in Korea. Survey items Response Number % Program-level administrative meeting Type of changes in the pharmacy Yes No Withholding Modification No change Seoul Gyeonggi Gangwon Location of the pharmacy practice rotations Chungbuk Daejeon / Chungnam Jeonbuk Gwangju / Jeonam Daegu / Gyeongbuk Busan / Gyeongnam Decision makers for the changes in pharmacy Pharmacy program Training institution Both Policy of the pharmacy program Basis of the changes in the pharmacy Requirements by the training institution Mannual of Korean Association of Medical Education Clinical education guidelines from Medical Schools Manuals from other health professional programs Contact hour deficits of the pharmacy Presence of the emergency preparedness manuals in your pharmacy program Yes No Yes No Korean Association of Pharmacy Education Suggested developer of the emergency manual Korean College of Clincal Pharmacy Korean Pharmaceutical Association Individual pharmacy program Not required 0 0.0

4 12 / Korean J Clin Pharm, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2017 필수실무실습에서의무적으로수행하도록규정하고있는실무실습시간의부족여부에대한설문항목에대해서는총 19 개약학대학이응답하였고, 그중 6개약학대학이 MERS로인해실습시간이부족했음보고하였다 (31.58%). 부족했던실습시간이전체실습시간에대해차지하는비율은 4~27% 범위로나타났으나, 이와같이실무실습교육중단으로인해발생한시간부족에대해서는일정기간후의료기관실무실습을재개하여보충하거나 (50%), 학교에서다양한방법으로 (50%) 보충하여 MERS 사태로인해발생한실무실습의시간부족에대해보충하지않은약학대학은없는것으로보고되었다. MERS 사태와같이예상하지못한천재지변이나위급사항발생시이에대한적절한대처가가능한교내매뉴얼이존재하느냐에대한질문에는 1개약학대학을제외한 27개대학이 (96.43%) 매뉴얼의부재를답변하였다. 설문지에응답한 28개약학대학모두가표준화된지침서가필요하다고보고하였으며, 만일위와같은매뉴얼혹은표준화된지침서의개발은 약학교육협의회 (60.71%) 가주관해야한다는의견이가장높았다. 그뒤로 자율적으로대학이 (28.57%) 혹은 한국임상약학회 (10.71%) 가주관해야한다고보고하였다. 고찰 본연구는 2015년여름 MERS 위급상황발생당시전국약학대학이경험한실무실습의기초실태를보고하면서수집된데이터를분석하여안전하고효과적인실무실습교육대응책의필요성을제안하며, 추후유사한 outbreak가발생할때이결과를 1차증거기반으로제시하여궁극적으로대비전략을도출하는것을목적으로수행되었다. 본설문조사의필요성이대두되었던당시에는사안의중요성으로인해우선적인현황파악을목적으로최대한간단한형태로설문이작성되었으며, 그로인해 MERS outbreak에따른여러가지상황들과고찰할문제점들에대해서는본연구가깊이있는분석결과를제공하기어렵다는한계점을가지고있다. 그러나약학대학 6년제학제의시작과함께환자혹은의료인과의접촉이빈번히이루어지는실무실습사이트에서본격적으로실습교육이수행되는중에전파의위험이큰감염질환이발생한이례적인위급상황이었다는사실을감안할때본연구와유사한국내연구물은극히드물며, 특히약학대학을대상으로한연구결과는현재까지보고된내용이확인되지않았으므로본연구에의의가있다고사료된다. 특히본연구가한국임상약학회의주도적연구로서 MERS 사태중실무실습이이루어지고있는상황에서수행되었고결과물또한설문자들에게유포되어서로정보를공유할수있었다는사실은학회차원의노력이적절하고시의성있게반영되었다고볼수있다. 보건복지부와질병관리본부에서 2015년 6월 10일출판한 메 르스 (MERS) 학교대응매뉴얼 은집단생활에대한감염전파를우려한일반대학생에대한대응책을자세히기술하고있으며의약학계를포함한다양한보건의료계전공학생들에대한대응책으로 학사운영 항목에 학생참여집단활동자제 의세부사항으로 감염우려가높은지역에서의보건의료계현장실습 을 자제를요하는사항 으로명기하고있다. 7) 이매뉴얼은대학생에대한감염예방에대한예방관리의강화, 학내감염자의확인및접촉자조치, 학생출결등에해당하는포괄적인대응책을구체적으로설명하고있으나 MERS와같은감염병이발생하였을때가장큰위험에노출될가능성이있는보건의료계학생에대한대응책은단순하게한항목으로일람되어아쉬운면이있다. 본연구에서대부분의약학대학설문자들이보고한 매뉴얼의부재 는보건복지부와질병관리본부에서출판한 메르스 (MERS) 학교대응매뉴얼 이정부가기대한것과는달리신속하고영향력있는수준으로전국약학대학내에서는공유되지않았음을시사한다고판단된다. 정보공유취약의원인은본연구의관점이아니기때문에정확한정보전달의취약고리를발견할수없었다. 그러나, 실습학생과환자의안전을보호하는역할을담당하는실무실습코디네이터가실무실습기관과약학대학간정보전달자로서두기관사이의가교역할을담당할수있다는점에서정부차원의매뉴얼이존재하고있다는사실과 보건의료계현장실습의자제 항목이효과적으로전달되지못하였음을시사한다. 일부약학대학설문자들은약학대학실무실습교육변경의근거로 의료기관의요청, 의학교육협의회의지침, 의과대학의임상실습지침, 타의료관련대학의임상실습지침 등이참조되었다고답변하고있다. 이는최근에임상교육이시행된약학대학에비하여감염환자의치료와적극적감염예방 / 관리를감당하여야했던의료기관이나환자와의접점에서오랜기간임상교육을수행해온의과대학과간호대학에서비교적빠른학생대응책을실행하였고, 이후약학대학담당자들에게대응책들이확산되었을가능성을시사한다. 실제로의과대학의경우 MERS 발생 1개월후한국의과대학의과전문대학원협회에서는전회원학교를대상으로 메르스 (MERS) 관련의대 의전원임상실습운영권고안 을배포하여통일된대처를보여주기도했다. 8) MERS 확산발생을계기로지역단위보건소의역량강화가대두되고있는것처럼위기상황에서학생교육의제1선에위치하고있는실습코디네이터의역할을담당하고있는임상담당교수들의적절한판단과한국임상약학회와같은단체수준에서의긴밀화된정보공유, 대화와활동이표준화된지침서의존재만큼이나중요하고의미있는응급상황시정보전달의매체가될것으로예상된다. 9) 최근발표된한연구에서는 MERS outbreak 당시사태의중

5 중동호흡기증후군 (MERS) 발생관련전국약학대학의실무실습교육대응현황 / 13 심에서임상실습을수행하였던한의과대학이얻은 5가지방법을교훈으로제안하고있다 ; 1) 임상실습의즉각중지 ; 2) 휴교의논리적인결정 ; 3) 정보기술의활용 ; 4) 실습기관인병원과의지속적인대화 ; 5) 교수-직원-학생사이의열린대화창구이다. 10) 또한원격교육 (distance learning) 과같은교육방안의고려도제안되었다. 10) 환자와의접점에서업무가진행되는의료기관및지역약국의실무실습기관에서는 2015년 MERS outbreak과유사한위험상황은언제든지발생할수있다. 그러므로, 이에대비하여전국약학대학에서는조직적이고선제적인노력을통하여약학대학의표준화된지침서를수립하거나또다른임상교육의주체인, 보건의료계학생과다각적협력을통한방지책과해결책의모색이필요하다고사료된다. 결론 예기치않았던 MERS 발생으로인하여 2개약학대학중 1개약학대학의비율로실무실습교육의일정변경을경험하였고, 교육일정을변경한학교의 85% 가 MERS 위험지역으로분류되었던지역에실습지가위치하고있었다. 또한, 3개약학대학중 1개약학대학의비율로교육일정이변경되면서의무적으로수행받아야할실무실습시간의부족이발생하였으나이후모두보충하였다고보고하였다. 천재지변이나위급사항발생시대부분의약학대학은표준지침서의부재를보고하였으며설문에응답한모든약학대학은표준화된지침서가필요하다고보고하였다. 참고문헌 1. Chang MJ, Noh H, Lee JI. Construction and evaluation of the student practice program in the hospital under the 6-year college of pharmacy curriculum. Kor J Clin Pharm 2013;23: 한국약학교육협의회실무실습위원회 2015 년백서. 3. Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. Accreditation standards and key elements for the professional program in pharmacy leading to the doctor of pharmacy degree Standard Chicago, Illinois. Available at FINAL.pdf. Accessed on February 6, B. Nuntra and Anucha A, Risks to healthcare workers with emerging diseases: lessons from MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS, and avian flu. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2015; 28: 보건복지부, 2015 메르스백서 Vol. version : 보건복지부. 6. Lee N, et al. A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med 2003;348: 교육부, 보건복지부. 메르스 (MERS) 학교대응매뉴얼 대학용. < 제 2-1 판 >, Available at Accessed on February 6, 한국의과대학 의학전문대학원협회, 메르스 (MERS) 관련의대 의전원임상실습운영권고안. Available at tmpl/sub_main.php?st_id=14&m_cd=38&m_id=0308&wr_id=39. Accessed on February 14, Na BJ and Kim DH. Improving capability of local public hospital and health center against newly emerging infectious diseases after Middle East respiratory syndrome epidemic in Korea. J Kor Med Assoc 2015;58: Park SW. Avoiding student infection during a Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak: a single medical school experience. Kor J Med Educ 2016;28:

Analysis of teacher s perception and organization on physical education elective courses Chang-Wan Yu* Korea Institute of curriculum and evaluation [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusions] Key words:

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: Awareness, Supports

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI:   Awareness, Supports Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.335-363 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.335 Awareness, Supports in Need, and Actual Situation on the Curriculum Reconstruction

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Study on Teache

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Study on Teache Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.149-171 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.149 * A Study on Teachers and Parents Perceptions on the Introduction of Innovational

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

서론

서론 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - -

More information

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie Volume 12, Number 1, 92~102, An Intervention Study of Pain Reduction during IV Therapy in Hospitalized Children Myo-Jin Kim 1), Joung-Hae Bak 1), Won-Seok Seo 2) Mi-Young Kim 3), Sun-Kyoung Park 3), Jai-Soung

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: * Review of Research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Review of Research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.79-102 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.79 * Review of Research Trends on Curriculum for Students with Severe and multiple

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: A study on Characte

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   A study on Characte Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.381-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.381 A study on Characteristics of Action Learning by Analyzing Learners Experiences

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: : A basic research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   : A basic research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.379-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.379 : A basic research for the after-school forest activities program models:

More information

KIM Sook Young : Lee Jungsook, a Korean Independence Activist and a Nurse during the 이며 나름 의식이 깨어있던 지식인들이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 교육을 받은 간 호부들은 환자를 돌보는 그들의 직업적 소

KIM Sook Young : Lee Jungsook, a Korean Independence Activist and a Nurse during the 이며 나름 의식이 깨어있던 지식인들이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 교육을 받은 간 호부들은 환자를 돌보는 그들의 직업적 소 1 의사학 제24권 제1호(통권 제49호) 2015년 4월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː1-34 Apr 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.1 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 간호부 이정숙의 독립운동 김숙영* 1. 서론 2. 본론 1) 출생에서 정신여학교 수학시절까지

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: NCS : G * The Analy

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI:   NCS : G * The Analy Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.133-158 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.133 NCS : G * The Analysis of the Cognitive Level of Basic Job Skills of Specialized

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: * The

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI:   * The Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.243-268 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.243 * - 2001 2015 - The Research Trends on Peer Counseling in Elementary and

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

04_이근원_21~27.hwp

04_이근원_21~27.hwp 1) KIGAS Vol. 16, No. 5, pp 21~27, 2012 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) http://dx.doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2012.16.5.21 실험실의 사례 분석에 관한 연구 이근원 이정석 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 (2012년 9월 5일 투고, 2012년 10월 19일

More information

untitled

untitled Original Article Experiences of Unwed Mothers Choi, Yang-Ja 1) Kim, Kwuy-Bun 2) 1) Professor, Redcross College of Nursing, 2) Professor, Kyung Hee University, College of Nursing Science 1) 2) 1) 2) Purpose:

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   NCS : * A Study on Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.157-176 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.157 NCS : * A Study on the NCS Learning Module Problem Analysis and Effective

More information

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö 25 3 (2004 9 ) J Korean Oriental Med 2004;25(3):20-31 1), 2), 3) 1) 2) 3) Grope for a Summary Program about Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK)etc. Discussed in WIPO Hwan-Soo

More information

<313120B9DABFB5B1B82E687770>

<313120B9DABFB5B1B82E687770> 한국민족문화 40, 2011. 7, 347~388쪽 1)중화학공업화선언과 1973년 공업교육제도 변화* 2)박 영 구** 1. 머리말 2. 1973년, 중화학공업화선언과 과학기술인력의 부족 3. 1973년 전반기의 교육제도 개편과 정비 1) 계획과 개편 2) 기술교육 개선안과 인력개발 시책 4. 1973년 후반기의 개편과 정비 5. 정비된 정규교육제도의 특징

More information

2

2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Formation of Myuncheoneupchi and Myuncheon s Local Gentry during the Choson Dynasty Abstract Myuncheon,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   3 * The Effect of H Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   (NCS) Method of Con Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.181-212 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.181 (NCS) Method of Constructing and Using the Differentiated National Competency

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201 4 21.,,,.,,. 1, 2, 3, 4.,,,,,,.,,,,., ( ). 60-66,,,,,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-220-2495/ E-mail: ikkim@jj.ac.kr .,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;,

More information

ePapyrus PDF Document

ePapyrus PDF Document 육아지원연구 2008. 제 3권 1 호, 147-170 어린이집에서의 낮잠에 대한 교사와 부모의 인식 및 실제 이 슬 기(동작구 보육정보센터)* 1) 요 약 본 연구의 목적은 어린이집에서의 일과 중 낮잠 시간에 대한 교사와 부모의 인식 및 실제를 알아봄 으로써, 교사와 부모의 협력을 통해 바람직한 낮잠 시간을 모색해 보는 데 있었다. 연구 대상은 서울, 경기지역

More information

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( :

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( : 27 2, 17-31, 2009. -, * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** (: dminkim@cau.ac.kr) 18 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. Ⅰ. (,,, 2004). (,, 2006).,,, (Myrick,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: The Effect of Caree

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   The Effect of Caree Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.325-349 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.325 The Effect of Career Preparation Behavior Before and After Major Transitions

More information

<28BCF6BDC320323031352D31332920B0E6B1E2B5B520C1F6BFAABAB020BFA9BCBAC0CFC0DAB8AE20C1A4C3A520C3DFC1F8C0FCB7AB5FC3D6C1BE2830312E3036292E687770>

<28BCF6BDC320323031352D31332920B0E6B1E2B5B520C1F6BFAABAB020BFA9BCBAC0CFC0DAB8AE20C1A4C3A520C3DFC1F8C0FCB7AB5FC3D6C1BE2830312E3036292E687770> 수시과제 2015-13 경기도 지역별 여성일자리 정책 추진 전략 연구책임자 : 최 윤 선 (본원선임연구위원) : 남 승 연 (본원연구위원) 연 구 지 원 : 이 상 아 (본원위촉연구원) 연 구 기 간 : 2015. 9 ~12 2015 발 간 사 여성 일자리는 사회 내 여성과 남성간의 차이를 좁히고 개개인의 삶을 윤택하게 만드는 중요 한 부분입니다. 이에 정부는

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: An Exploratory Stud

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   An Exploratory Stud Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.423-441 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.423 An Exploratory Study on the Improvement of Democratic Consultative Culture

More information

Rheu-suppl hwp

Rheu-suppl hwp Objective: This paper reviews the existing Korean medical and public health, and nursing academy articles on disease-specific and domain-specific quality of life, and provides recommendations for the universally

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: * Strenghening the Cap

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   * Strenghening the Cap Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.27-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.27 * Strenghening the Capacity of Cultural Arts Required in Special Education

More information

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w 497 의사학 제24권 제2호(통권 제50호) 2015년 8월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː497-532 Aug 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.497 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 역시만필( 歷 試 漫 筆 ) 의 사례로 재구성한 조선후기 여성의 삶과 질병

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   3 * Effects of 9th Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster

More information

<31335FB1C7B0E6C7CABFDC2E687770>

<31335FB1C7B0E6C7CABFDC2E687770> 에너지기후변화교육 4(2):203~211(2014) 203 초등학교 교과서 에너지 단원의 탐구활동과 시각자료 기능 분석 사례 연구 신명경 권경필 * 경인교육대학교 Abstract : This study aimed to analyze energy related inquiry activity and visual materials in elementary textbook.

More information

K O R E A C E N T E R S F O R D I S E A S E C O N T R O L & P R E V E N T I O N PHWR Vol. 5 No. 41 www.cdc.go.kr/phwr 2012 10 12 5 41 ISSN:2005-811X Comparison of drug-susceptibility test to the anti-tuberculosis

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770>

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770> 주요개념 : 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자, 성지식, 성태도 남자중학생의 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자와 비접촉자간의 성지식과 태도의 차이 김 영 혜* 이 화 자** 정 향 미*** 1. 연구의 필요성 한국은 I. 서 론 1960 년대 이후부터 시작된 돌진적 산업화 ( 한 상진, 1996) 로 인하여 경제적 부흥을 이루어 집집마다 TV 수상기를 가질 수 있게 되었고 최근에는 PC보급율

More information

03신경숙내지작업

03신경숙내지작업 57~82 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 A Study on the Educational Use of Dolmen Construction Technology Kyung-sug Shin (Research Centre of Dolmens in Northeast Asia)

More information

16(2)-7(p ).fm

16(2)-7(p ).fm w wz 16«2y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 2. 2006 ü t xy y w tœ ½ BÁ x BC B y w w w C y w w w Current Status and Expectations of Orphan Drugs in Korea -In point of supplying medicines for the rare

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A S Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem

More information

433대지05박창용

433대지05박창용 Recent Changes in Summer Precipitation Characteristics over South Korea Changyong Park* JaYeon Moon** Eun-Jeong Cha*** Won-Tae Yun**** Youngeun Choi***** 1958 2007 6 9 6 9 10 10 10 10 10 Abstract This

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: IPA * Analysis of Perc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI:   IPA * Analysis of Perc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.45-72 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.45 IPA * Analysis of Perception and Needs on Teaching Competencies of Faculty

More information

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285 13 2 ( 25 ) 2004 12 Korean J Med Hist 13 284 296 Dec 2004 ISSN 1225 505X 1) * ** ** 1 1920 1930 40 ( 1896-1973) 80 * ** 1) 2003 284 2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( :

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( : 27 2, 1-16, 2009. * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: jjhkim@cau.ac.kr) 2 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009 Ⅰ.,. 2008 3,536, 10 99.9% (, 2008). PC,, (, 2007). (, 2008),.,

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

국립국어원 20010-00-00 발간등록번호 00-000000-000000-00 국어정책 통계 조사 및 통계 연보 작성 연구책임자 이순영 제 출 문 국립국어원장 귀하 국어정책 통계 조사 및 통계 연보 작성 에 관하여 귀 원과 체결한 연 구 용역 계약에 의하여 연구 보고서를 작성하여 제출합니다. 2010년 12월 2일 연구책임자: 이순영(고려대학교 국어교육과)

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   * Suggestions of Ways Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.65-89 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.65 * Suggestions of Ways to Improve Teaching Practicum Based on the Experiences

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on the Opti

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   A Study on the Opti Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.127-148 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/11024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.127 A Study on the Optimization of Appropriate Hearing-impaired Curriculum Purpose:

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: (LiD) - - * Way to

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   (LiD) - - * Way to Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.353-376 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.353 (LiD) -- * Way to Integrate Curriculum-Lesson-Evaluation using Learning-in-Depth

More information

<30372EC0CCC0AFC1F82E687770>

<30372EC0CCC0AFC1F82E687770> 산전 초음파상 진단된 단독 대조확장증의 출생 후 예후 울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 산부인과학교실 이유진 원혜성 박상민 조현진 정 의 김선권 심재윤 이필량 김 암 Yu-Jin Lee, M.D., Hye-Sung Won, M.D., Sang-Min Park, M.D., Hyun-Jin Cho, M.D., Eui Jung, M.D., Sun-Kwon Kim,

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770> 기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Effect of Paren

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   * The Effect of Paren Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.95-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.95 * The Effect of Parent Education Program Using Action Learning on Family

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 27(2), 2007, 96-121 S ij k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT j ij i j S ij S ij POP j SEXR j AGER j BEDDAT j k i a i i i L ij = S ij - S ij ---------- S ij S ij = k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT

More information

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF 13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 Korean J Med Hist 13 20 36 June 2004 ISSN 1225 505X * 1 1886 ( ) 1) 1905 * 1) 20 2) 1910 1926 1910 1926 1930 40 2 1899 1907 3) 4) 1908 1909 ( ) ( ) ( 2) 1995 1998 3) 1997 p 376 4) 1956

More information

°Ç°�°úÁúº´6-2È£

°Ç°�°úÁúº´6-2È£ K O R E A C E N T E R S F O R D I S E A S E C O N T R O L & P R E V E N T I O N PHWR Vol. 6 No. 2 www.cdc.go.kr 2013 1 11 6 2 ISSN:2005-811X Flavivirus surveillance in mosquitoes collected from the quarantine

More information

03¹ü¼±±Ô

03¹ü¼±±Ô Relevancy between Aliases of Eight Provinces and Topographical Features during the Chosun Dynasty Seon-Gyu Beom* Abstract : In Korea, aside from their official administrative names, aliases of each province

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Experiences of Af Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI: * A Study on Good School

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI:   * A Study on Good School Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.1 * A Study on Good School and School Evaluation Purpose: This study was to examine

More information

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö Disability & Employment 55 Disability & Employment 56 57 Disability & Employment 58 59 Disability & Employment 60 61 Disability & Employment 62 63 Disability & Employment 64 65 Disability & Employment

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Research Trend Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities

More information

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF 13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 Korean J Med Hist 13 1 19 Jun 2004 ISSN 1225 505X 1) * * 1 ( ) 2) 3) 4) * 1) ( ) 3 2) 7 1 3) 2 1 13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 5) ( ) ( ) 2 1 ( ) 2 3 2 4) ( ) 6 7 5) - 2003 23 144-166 2 2 1) 6)

More information

01.여경총(앞부분)

01.여경총(앞부분) KOREA BUSINESS WOMEN S FEDERATION 2 Middle & High School Job Training Program Korea Business Women s Federation 3 2 3 778 778 779 10 711 11 714 715 718 727 735 744 751 754 757 760 767 4 Middle & High School

More information

untitled

untitled 대한마취과학회지 2008; 55: 190~6 Korean J Anesthesiol Vol. 55, No. 2, August, 2008 임상연구 대한민국의 마취통증의학 임상실습 현황 연세대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 및 마취통증의학연구소 장동진ㆍ안소운ㆍ안지원ㆍ김종훈 The current status of anesthesiology clerkship in Korea

More information

03이경미(237~248)ok

03이경미(237~248)ok The recent (2001-2010) changes on temperature and precipitation related to normals (1971-2000) in Korea* Kyoungmi Lee** Hee-Jeong Baek*** ChunHo Cho**** Won-Tae Kwon*****. 61 (1971~2000) 10 (2001~2010).

More information

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University

More information

204 205

204 205 -Road Traffic Crime and Emergency Evacuation - 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 Abstract Road Traffic Crime

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * Research Subject

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   : * Research Subject Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.91-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.91 : * Research Subject Trend Analysis on Educational Innovation with Network

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1A4B0EDC8ABBAB8C7D0BAB85F31302D31C8A35F32C2F75F303132392E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1A4B0EDC8ABBAB8C7D0BAB85F31302D31C8A35F32C2F75F303132392E687770> 버스 외부 광고의 효과에 관한 탐색적 연구 : 매체 접촉률과 인지적 반응을 중심으로 1) 고한준 국민대학교 언론정보학부 조교수 노봉조 벅스컴애드 대표 이사 최근 몇 년 사이 옥외 광고나 인터넷 광고 등 BTL(Below the Line) 매체가 광고 시장에서 차지하 는 비중이 점점 높아지고 있다. 버스 외부 광고는 2004년 7월 서울시 교통체계개편 이후 이용자

More information

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998.,. 5 ( ) ( ) 1945 11 19. 10 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). 4) 1946 2 8 5 10 ( )..,. 5) 1946 11 1947 2 ( ).,, ( ) ( ). 6)., 2, 1948 9 ( )., ( ) ( ).

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998.,. 5 ( ) ( ) 1945 11 19. 10 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). 4) 1946 2 8 5 10 ( )..,. 5) 1946 11 1947 2 ( ).,, ( ) ( ). 6)., 2, 1948 9 ( )., ( ) ( ). 7 1 ( 12 ) : 61-74, 1998 K orean J M ed H ist 7 : 61-74, 1998 ISSN 1225-505X * ** ** 50. 50,...,.., 1). 2). 3),...,.,,. 1. 1945 8 15. * 1996. ** 1).. :, 1989.. :, 1989. :. :, 1989.. :, 1993.. :, 1995 2)..

More information

00표지

00표지 2008 01 www.corrections.go.kr Vol. 381 01 Vol.381 www.corrections.go.kr 004 008 014 028 036 040 042 045 046 048 050 007 008 036 COVER STORY 054 067 067 170 179 076 079 084 116 140 143 152 157 183 184 008

More information

2008ÄÁº¥¼ÇÃÖÁ¾

2008ÄÁº¥¼ÇÃÖÁ¾ CONTENTS Conferences Exhibitions and Fairs Events 5 48 49 72 73 94 Major Convention & Exhibition Centers in Korea COEX Convention & Exhibition Center World Trade Center, 159-1, Samseong-dong, Gangnam-gu,

More information

han32p

han32p 2008.1 2008.1 2008_JANUARY DAEGU CATHOLIC UNIV. MEDICAL CENTER 2008_JANUARY DAEGU CATHOLIC UNIV. MEDICAL CENTER 01 2008_JANUARY DAEGU CATHOLIC UNIV. MEDICAL CENTER 02 2008_JANUARY DAEGU CATHOLIC UNIV.

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

..........5-45..

..........5-45.. K O R E A C E N T E R S F O R D I S E A S E C O N T R O L & P R E V E N T I O N PHWR Vol. 5 No. 45 www.cdc.go.kr 2012 11 9 5 45 ISSN:2005-811X Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance on non-tertiary hospitals

More information

1406-469호-11

1406-469호-11 THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION NEWS THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION NEWS THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION NEWS THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION NEWS THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION NEWS THE DAEGU MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

More information

02À±¼ø¿Á

02À±¼ø¿Á Geomorphic Development of Marine Terraces at Jeongdongjin-Daejin area on the East Coast, Central Part of Korean Peninsula Soon-Ock Yoon*, Sang-Ill Hwang** and Hak-Kyun Ban*** Abstract : In this paper we

More information

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( )

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( ) :,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α=.83.91.,.,,..,,,.,. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ..,.,.,. Bandura(1997),.,,,,., (,,, 2009), (,,,, 2014).?.,,,.. Bandura (1995) (Resiliency

More information

<C7D1B9CEC1B7BEEEB9AEC7D03631C1FD28C3D6C1BE292E687770>

<C7D1B9CEC1B7BEEEB9AEC7D03631C1FD28C3D6C1BE292E687770> 근대 이후 이순신 인물 서사 변화 과정의 의미 연구 45) * 김경남 차 례 Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 근대 계몽기 이순신 서사와 뺷유년필독뺸 Ⅲ. 일제 강점기 실기(實記)와 뺷문예독본뺸의 이순신 Ⅳ. 광복 이후의 이순신 서사 Ⅴ. 결론 국문초록 이 연구는 근대이후 교재에 나타난 이순신상을 중심으로, 영웅 서사가 어떻게 변화하 는가를 살피는 데 목적이 있다. 이 연구에서

More information

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36 , 1965 1994: 3 1965 (Konstfackskolan). 1996. (, 2004) :, (, 2010), 20 (, 2005), :,, (, 2005), 02: (, 2008), (KDF, 2009), (, 2011), (, 2011). ( _, 2011 3 ), : ( 前 史 ) (, 102, 2012). 35 1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2

More information

문화재야행 선 8 7 1 2 9 11 10 13 12 22 14 6 15 17 18 4 23 16 5 24 3 21 19 20 25 월별가이드 문화재야행은우리나라문화재를품고있는전국여러지역에서특색있는야간문화를만들어갑니다. 무형문화재공연, 전통놀이, 역사체험, 전통음식, 전통문화숙박체험등지역문화유산을활용한다채로운경험이펼쳐집니다. 4 14 4 6 4 7 5 4 27

More information

44-4대지.07이영희532~

44-4대지.07이영희532~ A Spatial Location Analysis of the First Shops of Foodservice Franchise in Seoul Metropolitan City Younghee Lee* 1 1 (R) 0 16 1 15 64 1 Abstract The foodservice franchise is preferred by the founders who

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Study on the Pe

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   * A Study on the Pe Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.405-425 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.405 * A Study on the Perceptions and Factors of Immigrant Background Youth

More information

°Ç°�°úÁúº´5-44È£ÃÖÁ¾

°Ç°�°úÁúº´5-44È£ÃÖÁ¾ K O R E A C E N T E R S F O R D I S E A S E C O N T R O L & P R E V E N T I O N PHWR Vol. 5 No. 44 www.cdc.go.kr/phwr 2012 11 2 5 44 ISSN:2005-811X Vector surveillance after elimination of lymphatic filariasis

More information

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee University College of Medicine & Hospital E mail : ycell2@yahoo.co.kr Abstract

More information

<31382D322D3420BDC5B1D4C8AF5FB3EDB9AE28C3D6C1BEBABB292E687770>

<31382D322D3420BDC5B1D4C8AF5FB3EDB9AE28C3D6C1BEBABB292E687770> 醫 史 學 제18권 제2호(통권 제35호) 2009년 12월 Korean J Med Hist 18ː57 72 18ː173-188 Dec. Dec. 2009 2009 C 大 韓 醫 史 學 會 ISSN ISSN 1225 505X 1225-505X 지방병 연구와 식민지배 : 1927년 영흥 및 해남지역 에메틴 중독사건을 중심으로 신 규 환* 1. 머리말 2. 일제의

More information

-06-......,......

-06-......,...... Analysis of the Current Condition of Student Childcare Training in Korea: Student Childcare Training Centers, Guidance Teachers, Student Teachers and Student Childcare Training Fees Department of Childcare

More information

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong An 1 & Kyoo-jeong Choi 2 * 1 Korea National Wrestling

More information

264 축되어 있으나, 과거의 경우 결측치가 있거나 폐기물 발생 량 집계방법이 용적기준에서 중량기준으로 변경되어 자료 를 활용하는데 제한이 있었다. 또한 1995년부터 쓰레기 종 량제가 도입되어 생활폐기물 발생량이 이를 기점으로 크 게 줄어들었다. 그러므로 1996년부

264 축되어 있으나, 과거의 경우 결측치가 있거나 폐기물 발생 량 집계방법이 용적기준에서 중량기준으로 변경되어 자료 를 활용하는데 제한이 있었다. 또한 1995년부터 쓰레기 종 량제가 도입되어 생활폐기물 발생량이 이를 기점으로 크 게 줄어들었다. 그러므로 1996년부 大 韓 環 境 工 學 會 誌 特 輯 - Special Feature - 263~268. 2008. 인구구조변화에 따른 생활폐기물 발생량 현황 및 전망 서울대학교 보건대학원 Status and Forecast of the Municipal Solid Waste Generation by the Change of Population Structure Sa-rah

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 방송통신연구 2011년 봄호 연구논문 64 98 PD수첩 관련 판례에서 보이는 사법부의 사실성에 대한 인식의 차이 연구* 1)2) 이승선 충남대학교 언론정보학과 부교수** Contents 1. 문제제기와 연구문제 2. 공적인물에 대한 명예훼손 보도의 면책 법리 3. 분석결과의 논의 4. 마무리 본 이른바 PD수첩 광우병 편 에 대해 다양한 법적 대응이 이뤄졌다.

More information