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1 韓藥作誌 (Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci.) 21(3) : (2013) ISSN(Print) ISSN(Online) 직파 4~6 년생인삼의연근및직경에따른 Ginsenoside 함량비교 한진수 탁현성 이강선 김정선 최재을 충남대학교농업생명과학대학식물자원학과 Comparison of Ginsenoside Content According to Age and Diameter in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Cultivated by Direct Seeding Jin Soo Han, Hyun Seong Tak, Gang Seon Lee, Jung Sun Kim and Jae Eul Choi Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon , Korea. ABSTRACT : This study was carried out to investigate ginsenoside content in different root parts and the correlation between root diameter and ginsenoside composition of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer cultivated by direct seeding. The unit contents of ginsenoside were 29.65, 28.76, mg /g, respectively in 4, 5, 6 years old. However, the total contents of ginsenoside were , , mg /root, respectively. Total ginsenoside content of fine root was higher than that of main root and lateral root. These tendencies were related to decrease by the increase of root diameter. When diameter of main root and lateral root were the same in different ages, the total ginsenoside content was higher in the order of 4 > 5 > 6 years old roots. Except for ginsenoside-rg1, other ginsenosides components (PD/PT and total ginsenosides) had highly negative correlation with the root diameter within whole root, main root, lateral root and fine root, which indicated that ginsenoside content is correlated to root diameter. As results, it is suggested that ginsenoside content can be predicted. Key Words : Panax ginseng, Main Root, Lateral Root, Fine Root, Ginsenoside Content, Correlation 서언인삼에대한건강기능식품에서지표물질은 ginsenoside Rb 1 +Rg 1 함량을기준으로하고있어원료인삼뿐만아니라가공과정, 최종제품까지 ginsenoside 함량중심으로품질관리가일관성있게수행되어야한다. 그러나인삼은다년생작물로플라보노이드, 페놀함량등생리활성물질축적은연근별에따라다르고 (Chon et al., 2011), ginsenoside 함량도차이를나타낸다 (Lim et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2006; Shi et al., 2007). 백삼과태극삼에서크기및연근별 ginsenoside 함량을조사한결과백삼에서는최고 4배, 태극삼에서는최고 2.6배차이를보였다 (Hwang et al., 2005). Lee 등 (2004a) 은국내 6개지역의인삼재배지에서채집한인삼의 ginsenoside 함량을조사한결과금산, 강화, 진안, 풍기지역은 4년근에서가장많았고음성, 홍천지역은 5년근에서가장많아연근과 ginsenoside 함량과는일정한경향이없었다. Ahn 등 (2008) 은인삼의품 종과뿌리의부위에따라 ginsenoside 함량이다르다고하였고, Bang 등 (2012) 은 4년근육성계통인삼뿌리의특성을조사한결과동직경이 9.6 ~ 24.5 cm범위로다양하였는데, Kim 등 (1984) 은 ginsenoside 함량이동체 2.51%, 지근 3.98%, 세근 8.81% 으로경직경이작을수록증가한다고하였다. 인삼의직파재배는이식재배에비하여단위면적당수확량이많고 (Lee et al., 1998; Won et al., 1999) 생산비절감효과가있다. Lee 등 (2005) 은 4년근직파재배와이식재배인삼의 ginsenoside 함량을조사한결과직파재배는이식재배에비해동체부위의함량은떨어졌으나지근부위의함량은비슷한경향을보였으며, 동체의함량변이가지근보다더큰특징을보였다고하였다. Ginsenoside는뿌리전체에분포하지만동체의대부분을차지하는목질부 (xylem) 및수 (pith) 에는거의존재하지않고 (Kubo et al., 1980; Tani et al., 1981), 대부분주피 (periderm) 에분포하므로피층 (epidermis) 이차지하는비율이클수록 Corresponding author: (Phone) ( ) choije@cnu.ac.kr Received 2013 April 4 / 1st Revised 2013 April 15 / 2nd Revised 2013 May 2 / 3rd Revised 2013 April 23 / Accepted 2013 Revised May 15 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 184

2 한진수 탁현성 이강선 김정선 최재을 ginsenoside 함량이높다는것을의미한다 (Ahn, 1992; Jo et al., 2001). Li 등 (2009) 은 6년근인삼의뿌리부위별 ginsneoside 함량은근직경이클수록목질부의비율이피층의비율보다크기때문에근직경과 ginsenoside 함량은부의상관관계가있다고하였다. 이상과같이 ginsenoside 함량은근중, 년근, 뿌리부위, 직경에따라차이가있어인삼제품의 ginsenoside 함량을추정하기는매우어려운실정이다. 따라서본연구는 4, 5, 6년근직파인삼의뿌리부위별특성및직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량을예측하기위해실시되었다. 재료및방법 1. 실험재료연령별인삼시료는전라북도장수지역에서직파재배한 4, 5, 6년생자경종을 2012년 11월중에수확하였으며, 농업과학기술연구조사분석기준 에따라주근, 지근, 세근으로분리하여근직경, 생근중및건물중을조사하였다 (Table 1). 직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량분석시료는수확한인삼중건전개체를선발하여 Digmatic caliper CD-15CP (Mitutoyo Corp., Japan) 를이용하여각뿌리부위별직경이일정한부위를약 0.8 cm두께로잘라 -83 freeze drier (Model FD-8512, Ilshin Lab Co., Ltd, Korea) 에서 3일간동결건조하여 Wonder Blender (WB-1, V, 820W, SANPLATEC CORP.) 로분말화한후 ginsenoside 추출용시료로사용하였다. 2. Ginsenoside 분석 Ginsenoside 추출은 Shi 등 (2007) 의방법을변형하여사용 하였다. 각시료 3g과 70% ethanol 75 ml를 250 ml의삼각플라스크에넣고 ultra-sonicater (60 khz, heat power 330 W; JAC Ultrasonica 4020, KODO, Korea) 로 60 ± 5 에서 1시간추출하였다. 추출물을냉각시켜여과한후잔사에 70% ethanol을넣고앞의방법으로 2회반복추출하였다. 3회추출된성분을모아 rotary evaporator (LABOROTA 4000 efficient, Heidolph Instruments GmbH & Co. KG, Germany) 를이용하여 50 에서감압농축시킨후건조된물질에 HPLC용증류수 25 ml를가해현탁하였다. SPE 전처리방법은 Kim 등 (2008) 의방법을약간변형한 Choi 등 (2009) 의방법을사용하였다. 즉 Sep-Pak C 18 cartridge 을먼저 5ml MeOH로서서히용출시켜 1차 conditioning을하고다시 5ml dd-h 2 O로 2차 conditioning 시켰다. 추출시료액 5ml를 cartridge에 loading하고 5ml dd-h 2 O로서서히용출하고 5ml 20% MeOH 로서서히용출하였다. 이 cartridge에 10 ml 90% MeOH를처리하여서서히 ginsenoside 성분을용출시켰다. 인삼추출현탁액을 Sep-Pak C 18 cartridge에통과시켜 0.45 μm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) syringe filter (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) 로여과하여 HPLC [Futecs model NS apparatus (Daejeon, Korea), Evaporative Light Scattering Detector [(ELSD) Softa 300s] 로분석하였다. Column은 PRONTOSIL NC ( mm ) 를사용하였고 flow rate는 0.8 ml /min, column temperature는 35 에서실시하였다. HPLC 분석용매는 Solvent A (H 2 O:ACN = 97:3), Solvent B (20 mm Ammonium Acetate:ACN:MeOH = 55:40:5), Solvent C (H 2 O:ACN = 10:90) 이고 Solvent A:B:C 100:0:0 (0분), 60:40:0 (7분 ), 48:52:0 (12분 ), 42:58:0 (31분 ), 25:75:0 (50분 ), 20:80:0 (66분 ), 15:85:0 (84분 ), 0:100:0 (100분 ), 0:50:50 (112분 ), 0:20:80 (130분 ) 로실시하였다. Table 1. The characteristics of growth according to age of root in Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. Year Root part Diameter (mm) Fresh weight (g) Dry weight (g) Portion (%) Main ± ± ± ± Lateral ± ± ± ±13.52 Fine ± ± ±4.69 Whole ± ± Main ± ± ± ± Lateral ± ± ± ±6.33 Fine ± ± ±2.65 Whole ± ± Main ± ± ± ± Lateral ± ± ± ±10.43 Fine ± ± ±3.45 Whole ± ±

90 mm로연근이증가함에따라주근은 10% 이상증가하였으나, 지근의평균직경은각각 8.59, 11.39, 11.96 mm로서 5 년과 6년근에서큰차이가없었다. 4, 5, 6년근평균생체중을보면주근은각각 41.47, 47.70, 55.77 g이고지근은각각 11.44, 24.70, 27.67 g이며, 세근은각각 7.39, 8.14, 8.82 g이었다.

3 직파 4~6 생인삼년의연근및직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량비교 Fig. 1. Ginsenoside content according to age in whole root of Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. The unit(a) and total(b) contents of ginsenoside in whole root. 결과및고찰 1. 직파재배인삼의연근별뿌리생육특성 직파재배인삼의연근별뿌리생육특성은 Table 1과같다. 4, 5, 6년근에서주근의평균직경은각각 21.83, 23.25, mm로연근이증가함에따라주근은 10% 이상증가하였으나, 지근의평균직경은각각 8.59, 11.39, mm로서 5 년과 6년근에서큰차이가없었다. 4, 5, 6년근평균생체중을보면주근은각각 41.47, 47.70, g이고지근은각각 11.44, 24.70, g이며, 세근은각각 7.39, 8.14, 8.82 g이었다. 그리고총근중은각각 60.30, 80.54, g으로연근이증가함에따라크게증가하였다. 4, 5, 6년근평균건물중을보면주근은각각 9.63, 12.24, g 이고지근은각각 3.12, 6.74, 8.05 g이며, 세근은각각 1.92, 2.12, 2.36 g이었다. 그리고총근중은각각 14.67, 21.09, g으로생체중과같은경향을보였다. 이식재배한 4, 5, 6년근인삼의주당지근중은생육년수가증가할수록증가하며 (Lee et al., 2004b), 6년근의경우 3, 4, 5년근에비해지근과세근이상대적으로더많이발달되어있다고하였는데 (Lee et al., 2001) 이러한결과는직파한인삼에서도일치하는경향이었다. 4, 5, 6년근의근비율을보면주근은각각 65.65, 58.01, 58.33% 이고지근은각각 21.24, 31.93, 32.23% 이며, 세근은각각 13.10, 10.06, 9.44% 로주근과세근의비율은 5, 6년근에비해 4년근에서높았으나지근의비율은 5, 6년근에서증가하였다. 2. 직파재배인삼의연근별뿌리의 ginsenoside 함량비교직파재배인삼에서 4, 5, 6년근의 total ginsenoside 함량은각각 29.65, 28.76, mg /g으로 4>5>6년근순으로많았다 (Fig. 1 A). 그러나근중을고려한개체당뿌리전체의 total Fig. 2. Comparison of total ginsenoside content of root parts and ages in Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. ginsenoside 함량은 4년근 mg /root, 5년근 mg / root, 6년근 mg /root 순으로 6년근에서가장많았다 (Fig. 1 B). 4, 5, 6년근의 g당 total ginsenoside 함량을보면주근은각각 15.86, 13.99, mg /g이고지근은각각 42.11, 36.79, mg /g이며, 세근은각각 78.84, 82.32, mg /g으로모든년근에서세근 > 지근 > 주근순으로높았다 (Fig. 2). Jang 등 (1983) 은연근별인삼의 ginsenoside 함량은 2년근에서 2.4% 였으나, 3년근과 4년근으로갈수록 ginsenoside 함량이증가하여 5년근에서는 5.19% 로최대를이루었다고하였으며, 6년근이되면 4.80% 로감소한다고하였다. 또한, Kim 등 (1987) 은 2년근 4.89%, 6년근 7.98% 로서 5년근에뿌리의생장과 ginsenoside 합성축적이최고수준에도달했다가 6년째부터쇠퇴하고, 5년근과 6년근의 g당 total ginsenoside 함량은차이가없다고하였는데, 본실험에서의 g당 total ginsenoside 함량은 4년근에서가장높아기존의보고와달랐지만, 근중량을고려한뿌리전체의 total ginsenoside 함량은 6년근에서가장높아기존의보고와비슷한결과를보였다. 186

4 한진수 탁현성 이강선 김정선 최재을 Fig. 3. Comparison of total ginsenoside content by root diameter of ages in Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. 3. 직파재배인삼의연근과직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량비교직파재배한인삼에서 4, 5, 6년근의부위별직경에따른 total ginsenoside 함량은 Fig. 3과같다. 주근의직경이 36 ~ 34, 33 ~ 31, 30 ~ 28, 27 ~ 25, 24 ~ 22 mm일경우 total ginsenoside 함량을보면 4년근은각각 14.39, 15.25, 15.86, 16.22, mg /g 이고 5년근은각각 12.53, 14.28, 15.14, 15.94, mg /g 이며, 6년근은각각 11.19, 11.42, 14.09, 14.65, mg /g으로연근과관계없이직경이클수록 total ginsenoside 함량은감소하였고직경이같은경우에는연근이많을수록함량은감소하였다. 지근의직경이 21 ~ 19, 18 ~ 16, 15 ~ 13, 12 ~ 10, 9 ~ 7 mm일경우 total ginsenoside 함량을보면 4년근은각각 31.61, 34.04, 38.85, 48.19, mg /g이고 5년근은각각 26.51, 29.48, 34.97, 44.89, mg /g이며, 6년근은각각 26.74, 26.12, 27.30, 34.43, mg /g으로주근과유사한경향을나타냈다. 세근의직경 6 ~ 4, 4 ~ 2, 2 이하mm의 total ginsenoside 함량을보면 4년근은각각 65.35, 78.12, mg /g이고 5년근은각각 72.45, 84.32, mg /g이며, 6년근은각각 69.49, 83.51, mg /g으로직경이작을수록 total ginsenoside 함량은증가하였으나연근간총진세노사이드함량의크기에는일정한경향이없었다. 이상과같이직파재배인삼의 total ginsenoside 함량은주근과지근의직경이감소함에따라증가하였으나세근에서는일정한경향이없었다. 또한, 주근과지근에서는직경이동일한경우는 4 > 5 > 6년근순으로 total ginsenoside 함량이높았다. 이러한결과는동체부위의경우피층과목질부의구성비가대략 1:1로비슷하고, 지근부위는 2:1이며, 세근부위에서는목질부가거의없고대부분피층으로형성되어있어각부위 187

5 직파 4~6 생인삼년의연근및직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량비교 Table 2. Comparison of ginsenoside composition by root diameter and age with different root part in Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. Year Root part M L F M L F M L F diameter (mm) Ginsenosides (mg/g) Rb 1 Rb 2 Rb 3 Rc Rd Re Rf Rg 1 Rg 2 Rh 1 36~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ > ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ > ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ > PD ; Rb 1 +Rb 2 +Rb 3 +Rc+Rd, PT ; Re+Rf+Rg 1 +Rg 2 +Rh 1. M ; Main root, L ; Lateral root, F ; Fine root. PD/ PT 별 ginsenoside 함량의차이가크기때문이다 (Kim et al., 1987). 또한인삼의연근이증가할수록중심부의비율이커지고 (Lee et al., 1987), 목질화로인하여 (Sung, 1986) 저년근인삼에서피층비율이높게나타나기때문이라고생각된다. 근직경에따른 ginsenoside 종류별함량은 4, 5, 6년근모두 Rg 1 을제외하고세근, 지근, 주근순으로많았으며, 특히 ginsenoside Rb 1 과 Re 함량은직경이감소함에따라다른구성성분에비해큰폭으로증가하였다 (Table 2). Rg 1 은작은폭으로감소하거나증가하여일정한경향이없었다. Lee 등 (2011) 은비닐하우스와관행재배인삼의수량성및 ginsenoside 함량을비교한결과관행재배에서동직경은더작았으나, ginsenoside 함량은비닐하우스재배보다더높다고 188

6 한진수 탁현성 이강선 김정선 최재을 Table 3. Regression equation and correlation coefficient between root diameter and total ginsenoside in 4, 5, 6-year-old Panax ginseng cultivated by direct seeding. Year Whole root Main root Lateral root Fine root Y=αX+β r Y= αx+β r Y= αx+β r Y= αx+β r * 5 y = -2.32x ** y = -0.37x ** y = -2.25x ** y = -7.77x ** 4 y = -2.22x ** y = -0.39x ** y = -1.37x ** 6 y = -2.29x ** y = -0.25x ** y = -2.05x ** * ** is significant at the 0.1% levels of probability. 하였다. Choi (1991) 는원료삼의배합비율별사포닌함량을분석한결과주근부에비하여세근과지근의배합비율이높을수록 ginsenoside Rg 1 /Rb 1 의함유및 Rg 1 /total ginsenoside의함유비율은현저하게낮아진다고하였는데, 이러한결과는직경이작을수록 Rb 1 함량은큰폭으로증가하는반면 Rg 1 은작은폭으로감소하거나증가하였기때문으로생각된다. 감사의글본논문은농촌진흥청에서시행한지역전략작목산학연협력단사업비의지원으로수행된결과의일부로이에감사드립니다. LITERATURE CITED 4. 직파인삼의연근별직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량예측직파인삼 4, 5, 6년근의부위별직경과 total ginsenoisde 함량간에상관계수및직선회귀식은 Table 3과같다. 4, 5, 6년근에서주근은각각 r=-0.94 **, y = -0.39x , r = **, y = -0.37x , r = **, y = -0.25x 이고지근은각각 r=-0.96 **, y = -1.37x , r = **, y = -2.25x , r=-0.89 **, y = -2.05x , 세근은각각 r=-0.95 **, y = -7.77x 로뿌리부위별모든연령에서높은부의상관을보였다 (Table 3). Christensen과 Jensen (2009) 은 7년근미국삼에서근중과 ginsenoside 함량사이에는상관이없다고하였으나, Kim 등 (1984) 과 Li 등 (2009) 은이식재배 6년근인삼의근직경과 ginsenoside 함량간에는높은부의상관을나타내었다고하였고, 본실험에서도연령별로인삼의주근, 지근, 세근모두직경이감소함에높은부의상관을나타내었다. 본연구결과를통하여예시한직선회귀식으로원료삼의 ginsenoside 함량을예측할수있다면원료삼의생산및구매에도움이될수있을것이며, 특히가공용원료삼의선택에유용할것으로생각된다. 인삼의크기는원료수삼, 홍삼, 백삼, 태극삼등에서품질기준으로사용되어큰인삼일수록고가에판매되고있다. 그러나, 인삼성분을원료로한파우치, 분말캡슐, 화장품, 인삼추출함유식품은원형을유지하는가공제품이아니기때문에크기보다는주요약리성분중 ginsenoside를중심으로동체가작고지근과세근이많은원료삼을사용하는것이유리하다. 따라서 ginsenoside 함량이높은원료삼생산을위해서는주근의직경이크게비대하지않고, 지근, 세근의비율을증가시키는인삼재배법개발이필요하다고생각된다. Ahn IO, Lee SS, Lee JH, Lee MJ and Jo BG. (2008). Comparison of ginsenoside contents and pattern similarity between root parts of new cultivars in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Journal of Ginseng Research. 32: Ahn SD. (1992). Saponin contents, histological and cytological characteristics of ginseng root with physiological disorder. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 16: Bang KH, Seo AY, Kim YC, Jo IH, Kim JU, Kim DH, Cha SW, Cho YG and Kim HS. (2012). Variations of agronomic characteristics of cultivars and breeding lines in Korean ginseng(panax ginseng C. A. Mey.). Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 20: Choi JE, Li XG, Han YH and Lee KT. (2009). Changes of saponin contents of leaves, stems and flower-buds of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer by harvesting days. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17: Choi KJ. (1991). The composition and quality of raw ginseng management. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 15: Chon SU and Kim YM. (2011). Differential physiological activity in different ages of Panax ginseng. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 56: Christensen LP and Jensen M. (2009). Biomass and content of ginsenosides and polyacetylenes in American ginseng roots can be increased without affecting the profile of bioactive compounds. Journal of Natural Medicines. 63: Hwang JB, Ha JH, Hawer WD, Nahmgung B and Lee BY. (2005). Ginsenoside contents of Korean white ginseng and taegeuk ginseng with various sizes and cultivation years. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology. 37: Jang JG, Lee KS, Kwon DW, Nam KY and Choi JH. (1983). Study on the changes of saponin contents in relation to root age of Panax ginseng. Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition. 12: Jo JS, Cho HK, Park SH and Jung CS. (2001). General feature and ginsenoside content of 6 years old ginseng(panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) root. Korean Journal of Dietary Culture. 16: Kim GS, Hyun DY, Kim YO, Lee SW, Kim YC, Lee SE, Son 189

7 직파 4~6 생인삼년의연근및직경에따른 ginsenoside 함량비교 YD, Lee MJ, Park CB, Park HK, Cha SW and Song KS. (2008). Extraction and preprocessing methods for ginsenosides analysis of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16: Kim MW, Ko SR, Choi KJ and Kim CS. (1987). Distribution of saponin in various sections of Panax ginseng root and changes of its contents according to root age. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 11: Kim MW, Lee JS and Nam KY. (1984). Saponin contents in various parts of raw red ginseng. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 8:8-14. Kubo M, Tani T, Katsuki K, Ishzaki S and Arichi S. (1980). Histochemistry. Ⅰ. Ginsenosides in ginseng(panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Root). Journal of Natural Products. 43: Lee CR, Whang WK, Shin CG, Lee HS, Han ST, Im BO and Ko SK. (2004a). Comparison of ginsenoside composition and contents in fresh ginseng roots cultivated in Korea, Japan and China at various ages. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology. 36: Lee KH, Lee SS, Lee MG and Kim ES. (2001). Identification of root age by histochemical staining of secretory duct layers in ginseng. Journal of Ginseng Research. 25: Lee MK, Park H and Lee CH. (1987). Effect of growth conditions on saponen content and ginsenoside pattern of Panax ginseng. Korean-Japan Panax Ginseng Symposium. p Lee JC, Ahn DJ, Byen JS, Cheon SK and Kim CS. (1998). Effect of seeding rate on growth and yield of ginseng plant in direct-sowing culture. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 22: Lee SW, Cha SW, Hyun DY, Kim YC, Kang SW and Seong NS. (2005). Comparison of growth characteristics and extract and crude saponin contents in 4-year-old ginseng cultured by direct seeding and transplanting cultivation. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 13: Lee SW, Kang SW, Seong NS, Hyun GS, Hyun DY, Kim YC and Cha SW. (2004b). Seasonal changes of growth and extract content of roots in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 12: Lee SW, Kim GS, Hyun DY, Kim YB, Kim JW, Kang SW and Cha SW. (2011). Comparison of growth characteristics and ginsenoside content of ginseng(panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) cultivated with greenhouse and traditional shade facility. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 19: Li XG. Kang SJ, Han JS, Kim JS and Choi JE. (2009). Effects of root diameter within different root parts on ginsenoside composition of Yunpoong cultivar in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17: Lim WS. (2005). Effects of interactions among age, cultivation method (location) and population on ginsenoside content of wild Panax quinquefolium L. one year after transplanting from wild. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 13: Shi W, Wang YT, Li J, Zhang HQ and Ding L. (2007). Investigation of ginsenosides in different parts and ages of Panax ginseng. Food Chemistry. 102: Sung HS. (1986). Present and future on the processing of ginseng. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 10: Tani T, Kubo M, Katsuki T, Higashino M, Hayashi T and Arichi S. (1981). Histochemistry. Ⅱ. Ginsenosides in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Root). Journal of Natural Products. 44: Wang YI, Pan JY, Xiao XY, Lin RC and Cheng YY. (2006). Simultaneous determination of ginsenoside in Panax ginseng with different growth ages using high-performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. Phytochemical Analysis. 17: Won JY and Jo JS. (1999). Farm study of direct seeding cultivation of the Korean ginseng(panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 7:

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àÄ§

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àÄ§ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,