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1 112(2001 8) J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2001;11(2):92-101, Hyunwook Kim Kangyoon Kim Department of Preventive Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Institute of Occupational Health, Korean Industrial Health Association, Seoul, Korea (, 1999), (,,, 1992), 80%, (NIOSH, 1987) 20%, %, 812% (, 1994;, 1995;, , ( 60-4 Tel , Fax , kykim91@freechalcom) 1999; Kim, 2000;, 2001) (

2 93, 1987) (stiffness), (anthropometric data), (Coblentz, 1991),,,, (, 1996) Gross Horstman(1990),,,,, () (, 1999), (, 1996), Gross Hostman(1990), %, 83-85%, (, 2001) %, % (1994), (virtual human),,,,,,, (, 1996) 3, (, 1994) 3,,, 3 4 (, 2000) 3 / ( )

3 94, 3, 3,, AU(Action Unit) 3, 3 44,, 44 AU Gordon(1989) 3, 44 1,,,,, 04, AU,,,,,,,,, 2,, 80-90%, 3, (, 100%, ),, 100%, 97% (, 1996),,,, 3 Ekman Friesen(1977), FACS(Facial Action Coding System),,, AU 1) No AU Name AU No AU Name ) AUAction Unit

4 95,,,,,,,,, 114,,, (, 1994), TV 3, 2 3, 3 (Modeling Based Coding), 3 3,,,,,, (adaptation),, TV (Altobelli, 1994),,,,,,, 114, 1, (ma- 114, thematical-statistical technique), 3,,, (stereophotometry), (Kroemer, 1989) 3 (3-dimen-, sional laser scanner) TV,,,,,

5 96,,, (1999) (3351) (3385) (3510) ,, ( ) 3103(3753), (Trichion-Gnathion) (bizygomatic breadth, face width) 1992;, 1997;, 1999; 1:137, 1:131, 1:,, 2000), 133, (Nasion-Subnasale),,,, 6491, (1999) (Subnasale-Gna- thion),, 6605 (2000), 6410, 6283,,, , 14100, 13927, (1999) (Bico-,,, ronale breadth),,,, 334:294:372 (1999) 12066, 11900, :335:340 ( ),, 9550,, 9839, 9860 half-facepiece mask quarter-facepiece (Bigonial breadth) mask 1179, 11536, ,, 2 (1998, 1999), Kim (2000) (2001) Kim (2000) (face width), (lip, length), (nose width) (nasal root breadth),,, (1999) (1995) 178, Trichion(tr)-Nasion(n) Nasion(n)-Subnasale(sn) Subnasale(sn)-Gnathion(gn) (,,

6 97 (Benfer, 1975) (Abraham, 1979) (anterior facial projection) (Gordon, 1989; 4 Marras & Kim, 1993), East- man Kodak ,, , (orbit), Marras Kim(1993), 184, ,,,, 2 3 (Kroemer, 1989) 1980 (stereometric mea- surement), 20,, (, 1993) Berner(1954) Pierson(1961) 1979 ( (stereophotogrammetric method) 13 Marco Polo ) 18, ,, Hertzberg (1957), Weissman (1967), 46 Weissman(1968) 1825 Blumenbach, 28, KS ( Alexander von Humboldt 1849 Cosmos, 1980) 1986 (Herron, 1976), Skylab 2(, 1986), ( (Whittle, 1976, 1800 Adolphe Quetelet, 1992), ( 1979),, 1997) (Kaleps, 1984), Von Meyer, Braune Fisher (1976) 1906, Moss (1988, 1989), (1993) (Kroemer, 1989) 63, 16, Schmitt O'Brien Shelton(1941) 4 (1985) 10, Fernandez (1989) 3D videolaser, Vision 3D, 23 (National Center for Health Statistics) ,645,

8 99 Air Force Wright Aero-, nautical Laboratories(AFWAL) 3 (Robinette, 1993; Whitestone, 1993; 40 Meunier, 2000) (1994) 1973 Technical Arts Corporation White Scanner, (1999) (1995) ; 9(1): 60-73, (1995) 1999; 4: 83-87, (landmarks) 1997; 2: National Re-,,,,,,,,, search Council Marc Rioux 3,, (pointto-point) 1, Cyberware 2000 (white light) 360, 1999,,,,,,,,,,,, Oxford Metrics, ( 1987, scoliosis),,,,,,,,,,,,, () 1988 Coblentz (1991),,, (stereophotogrammetry),, 2000; 41: Yatapanage Post(1992), (sonic digitizer microphone) 1995; 34(4): Piccione Moyer(1997) Cyberware 3 (fit factor) (fit test) (prototype) 2001

9 100,,, 1994; 4(2): ; 12(1): 25-38,,, 1999; 1: 23-33,, 2000; 2(1): , 1996; 23(6): ; 31(3): Panel American Book Company, New York, 1999; 9(1): 1-13 NY 1983, Ekman P, Friesen WV Facial Action Co- 1992; 19: ; 48(4): , 32(5): Abraham S, Johnson CL, Nahhar MF Weight and height of adults years of age; United States ' National Center for Health Statistics, DHEW Publication No(PHS) , US Government Printing Office, Washington DC 1979 Altobelli DE Computer-Assisted Acquisition of Facial Surface Topography in Farkas LG(Eds) Anthropometry of the Head and Face 2nd ed New York, Raven 1976; 2(1): Press pp ,,, Altobelli DE, Kikinis R, Mulliken JB, Cline H, Lorensen W, Jolesz F Computer- assisted three-dimensional planning in 1992; 4(2): craniofacial surgery Plas Reconst, Surgery 1993; 92(4): Benfer RA Morphometric analysis of Car- tesian coordinates of the human skull Am J Phys Anthrop 1975; 42: Berner J Calculation of the body surface area by photogrammetry, Scandinavian 1956; 4(2): Journal of Clinical and Laboratory In-,, 1999 vestigation, 1954; 6: Cobb J A projected grid method for 1994; 21(10): 1-12 recording the shape of the human face Royal Aircraft Establishment Technical 1980 Report TR Coblentz A, Mollard R, Ignazi G Three- dimensional face shape analysis of 1997 French adults, and its application to design of protective equipment Ergonomics, 1991; 34(4): Eastman Kodak Company Ergonomic Design for People At Work Volume 1 ding System Consulting Psychologist Press 1977 Fernandez JE, Malzahn DE, Eyada OK, Kim CH Anthropometry of Korean female industrial workers Ergonomics 1989; Gordon CG et al 1988 Anthropometric Survey of US Army Personnel: Method and Summary Statistics, Anthropology Research Project, Inc Technical Report Natick/Tr-89/044, Yellow Springs, OH 1989 Gross SF, Horstman SW Half-mask respirator selection for a mixed worker group Appl Occup Environ Hyg J 1990; 5: Herron Stereophotogrammetry in biology and medicine Congress International Society of Photogrammetry Ottawa 23 July-5 August 1972 Herron RE, Cuzzi JR, Hugg J Mass distribution of the human body using biostereometrics 1976, (AMRL-TR-75-18, Wright Patterson Air Force Base) Hertzberg HTE, Dupertuis CW, Emanual I Stereophotogrammetry as an anthropometric tool Photogrammetric Engineering 1957; 23: Hughes JG, Lomaev O An anthropometric survey of Australlian male facial sizes Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1972; 33(2): Kaleps I, Clauser CE, Young JW, Chandler RF, Zehner GF, McConville JT Investigation into the mass distribution properties of the human body and its segments Ergonomics 1984; 27: Kim HW, Han DH, Park YG, Roh YM, Woo YJ Anthropometric dimensions of Koreans and their associations with fit of quarter-masks respirators Presented at 10th International Conference of ISRP 2000 Australia, Nov 12-15, 2000 Kroemer KHE Engineering anthropometry Ergonomics 1989; 32(7): Lovesey EJ The developement of a 3-dimensional anthropometric measuring technique Appl Ergonomics 1974; 51: Marras WS, Kim JY Anthropometry of industrial population Ergonomics,

10 ; 36(4): Moss JP, Grindrod SR, Linney AD, Arridge SR, James D A computer system for the interactive planning and prediction of maxillofacial surgery Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 1988; 94: Moss JP, Linney AD, Grindrod SR, Mosse CA A laser scanning system for the measurement of facial surface morphology Optics and Lasers in Engineering 1989; 10: Meunier P, Tack D, Ricci A, Bossi L, Angel H Helmet accomodation analysis using 3D laser scanning Appl Ergo 2000; 31: NIOSH NIOSH Guide to Industrial Respiratory Protection US Dept of Health and Human Services Pub No , 1987 O'Brien R, Shelton WC, Women's Measurements for Garment and Pattern Construction United States Department of Agriculture, Misc Pub No 454, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC 1941 Patty FA Industrial Hygiene: Retrospect and Prospect In Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Vol 1 3rd ed New York John Wiley & Sons, 1978 pp 1-21 Piccione Dm Noyer ET Modeling the interface between a respirator and the human face DAAL01-96-C-0077, Army Research Lab Human Engineering and Research Directorate 1997 Pierson WR Photogrammetric determination of surface area, Photogrammetric Engineering 1961; 27: Robinette KM Fit testing as a helmet development tool Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting, Schmitt F, Maitre M, Clainchard A, Lopez- Krahe J Acquisition and representation of subject surface data, Biometrics '85 SPIE Proceedings, 1985; 602: Weissman S, Herron RE Stereophotogrammetry as a means of anthropometry of mentally hadicapped children, Civil Engineering Studies, (Photogrammetry Series no 11, University of Illinois), 1967 Weissman S Anthropometric photogrammetry Photogrammetric Engineering 1968; 34: Whitestone JJ Design and evaluation of helmet systems using 3D data Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting, Whittle MW, Herron RE, Cuzzi JR Biostereometric analysis of body form: the second manned Skylab Mission Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 1976; 47(4): Whittle MW Caloric and exercise requirements of space flight: Biostereometrics results from Skylab Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine 1979; 50(2): Yatapanage KG, Post K Measurement of 3-D facial contours for the design of half-face respirators Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1992; 53(1): Zehner GF Three-dimensional summarization of face shape Proceedings of the Human Factors Society-30th Annual Meeting

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¸Þ´º¾ó-ÀÛ¾÷5 2002 Seoul Arts Center ANNUAL REPORT 2002 Seoul Arts Center ANNUAL REPORT 건립이념 및 운영목표 건립이념 예술의전당은 예술 활동의 다원적, 종합적 지원 공간을 조성하고 문화예술의 창조 및 교류를 통해 문화복지의 기반을 다짐으로써 문화예술의 확산과 발전에 기여함을 그 이념으로 한다. 운영목표 고급예술의