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1 대한혈관외과학회지 : 제 23 권제 2 호 Vol. 23, No. 2, November, 2007 소복재정맥하지정맥류에서고위결찰술을동반한정맥내레이저열응고요법 서울대학교보라매병원외과, 1 서울대학교의과대학외과학교실 민승기 1 ㆍ정인목ㆍ민상일 1 ㆍ허승철ㆍ안영준ㆍ황기태ㆍ박양진 1 ㆍ이태승 1 ㆍ하종원 1 ㆍ김상준 1 ㆍ정중기 Endovenous Laser Treatment (EVLT) with High Ligation of Small Saphenous Vein Varicosities Seung-Kee Min, M.D. 1, In Mok Jung, M.D., Sang Il Min, M.D. 1, Seung Chul Heo, M.D., Young Joon Ahn, M.D., Ki-Tae Hwang, M.D., Yang Jin Park, M.D. 1, Taeseung Lee, M.D. 1, Jongwon Ha, M.D. 1, Sang Joon Kim, M.D. 1 and Jung Kee Chung, M.D. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, 1 Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Purpose: Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of great saphenous vein (GSV) varicosities is a widely accepted procedure. However, EVLT of small saphenous vein (SSV) varicosities is not so popular due to concern about sural nerve damage and popliteal thrombosis. In addition, higher rates of recanalization and recurrence of tributaries make clinicians reluctant to use EVLT for SSV incompetence. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of SSV EVLT and the advantage of a combined high ligation and EVLT to reduce the complications and recurrence. Method: Between November 2003 and March 2006, 47 patients (55 limbs) with SSV incompetence and enlarged truncal varicosities, documented by duplex ultrasound, were included in the study. All patients were treated with an EVLT combined with ambulatory phlebectomy (AP) of the residual varicosities. High ligation of the sapheno-popliteal junction (SPJ) was performed in 26 limbs (47.3%, HL group); the EVLT without high ligation was performed in another 29 limbs (52.7%, NHL group). The patients were followed by clinical examinations at 1 week, 4 weeks and 12 weeks and with duplex ultrasound at 12 weeks after the operation. Symptomatic improvement, complications, recanalization of the SSV and recurrence of tributaries were recorded and compared between the two groups. Result: Mean follow-up was for 5.0 months. Most of the patients (95.4%) showed symptomatic improvement at 12 weeks with better venous clinical severity scores (VCSS). The overall complication rate was 27.3% (15 limbs), most of them were minor problems including 4 cases of transient sural nerve numbness (7.3%). The duplex US-confirmed saphenous vein recanalization rate and recurrence rate of tributaries at 3 months were 5.4% and 9.1%, respectively. There were no differences in the rate of symptomatic improvement and complications between the HL and NHL groups. However, the HL group showed a lower tendency for recanalization and recurrence compared to the NHL group. Conclusion: EVLT combined with AP might be an effective minimally invasive treatment modality for SSV varicosities with an acceptable complication rate and low recanalization rate of the saphenous veins. The simultaneous high ligation of the SPJ decreased the rates of recanalization and recurrence. Long-term data from large randomized prospective trials with more objective measure of the outcomes are needed to confirm the effectiveness and durability of this operative procedure. Key Words: Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT), High ligation, Small saphenous vein, Varicose vein 중심단어 : 정맥내레이저열응고요법, 고위결찰술, 소복재정맥, 하지정맥류 책임저자 : 정인목, 서울시동작구신대방 2 동 425, 우 , 서울대학교보라매병원외과 Tel: , Fax: , imjung@brm.co.kr 본연구는 2007 년서울대학교보라매병원임상연구비지원에의해이루어진것임. 첫두저자는논문완성에같은기여도로기여함 ( 공동제 1 저자 ). 174
2 민승기외 : 소복재정맥하지정맥류에서고위결찰술을동반한정맥내레이저열응고요법 175 서론소복재정맥하지정맥류는전통적인고위결찰술및발거술 (High ligation and stripping) 을시행하면불완전한소복재- 오금정맥문합부의결찰로약 50% 정도의높은재발률과빈번한장딴지신경저린감 (Sural nerve numbness) 등의수술후합병증이문제가되어왔다 (1). 최근최소침습수술이확대되면서혈관내조작기법 (Endovascular technique) 을통한복재정맥의폐쇄를시도하려는수술법이개발되어활발히시행되고있다. 이중하나인정맥내레이저열응고요법 (Endovenous laser treatment, EVLT) 은정맥내로레이저카테터를삽입하여혈액구성요소 (blood components) 와혈관내막동시를가열하여증기수포 (steam bubbles) 를발생시켜균일하게내강을폐쇄시키는기전으로 2002년도미국식품의약국 (Food and Drug Administration, FDA) 에서대복재정맥하지정맥류의치료로공인된후현재전세계적으로보편화된수술방법이다. 소복재정맥에서의 EVLT는발거술에비해정맥내로레이저카테터를삽입하는최소침습적인수술로수술후통증, 감염및장딴지정맥저린감을줄일수있고초음파유도하에정확한소복재-오금정맥문합부를찾아정확한치료할수있다는이점으로인하여최근전통적인수술을대신하여이용이증가하는추세이다 (2-5). 하지만소복재정맥의해부학적특성인소복재-오금정맥문합부의분지정맥의결여빈도가높아대복재정맥에비하여상대적으로심부정맥혈전증의발생이많고장딴지신경이소복재정맥과근접되어있다는이유로저림감이많이발생하여대복재정맥에서보다는널리이용되고있지는않다 (4). 저자들은소복재정맥 EVLT의안정성과효용성을판단하고심부정맥혈전증등의합병증및재발률을줄이기위한방법으로최근에소복재정맥 EVLT시동시에고위결찰술을시행하여단기결과와함께고위결찰술을시행하지않은군과의비교를통해이수술의의의를규명하고자본연구를시행하였다. 대상과방법 1) 대상환자본병원외과에서 2003년 11월처음으로소복재정맥하지정맥류치료에 EVLT를시행한이후 2007년 3월까지총 47명의환자에서 55예소복재정맥 EVLT가시행되었다. 대상환자들은육안적으로 CEAP 분류법에의거하여분지정맥류를동반한 C2이상의병변이있으며도플러초음파에서소복재-오금동맥문합부위에역류가관찰된경우를포함하였다. 평균연령은 49.5세였고남녀비는 1:2.6으로여자가더많았다. 가족력이있는경우가 42.6% 였으며소복재정맥 으로역류가있는양측성환자가 11명 (23.4%) 에서있었다. 수술시행부위는우측 13명 (27.7%), 좌측 26명 (55.3%), 양측 8명 (17.0%) 이었고소복재정맥만시행한경우가 33명 (70.2%), 14명 (29.8%) 은역류가동반된대복재정맥과동시에시행되었다. 전환자에서분지정맥류의치료를위해보행성정맥절제술 (Ambulatory phlebectomy, AP) 을시행하였고부가적인수술로혈관경화요법이 5예 (10.6%), Giacomini 정맥절제술이 1예 (2.1%) 에서시행되었다. 47명환자들의임상적인특성은 Table 1과같다. 총 47명의환자중대상기간후기에서심부정맥혈전증등의합병증및재발률을줄이기위한목적으로 21명 (44.7%), 26예의소복재정맥에서초음파유도하최소절개를통한고위결찰술이동시에시행되었다. 2) 수술전검사 대상환자전부에서시진, Trendelenberg 검사법등이학적검사및수술전도플러초음파검사를시행하여소복재 -오금정맥문합부와소복재정맥의역류여부, 심부정맥의폐색여부및관통정맥기능부전여부를관찰하였다. 3) 수술방법 수술전외래혹은수술장에서마취전환자를세운상태에서환자의정맥류를지워지지않는유성펜으로초음파를보면서환자의정맥류를표시하였다. 소복재-오금정맥 Table 1. Demographic and clinical data for 47 patients (55 limbs) treated with small saphenous vein EVLT combined with ambulatory phlebectomy Variable Data Mean age, y (range) 49.5 (18 73) Sex (M:F) 1 : 2.6 Family history 20 (42.6%) Bilateral (SSV reflux (+)) 11 (23.4%) Clinical presentation (CEAP) C2 43 (91.5%) C3, 4 4 (8.5%) Site of operation Right 13 (27.7%) Left 26 (55.3%) Both 8 (17.0%) Sahenous vein of operation SSV only 33 (70.2%) SSV +GSV 14 (29.8%) Ancillary procedures (except AP*) Sclerotherapy 5 (10.6%) Giacomini v. excision 1 (2.1%) *AP = ambulatory phlebectomy
3 176 대한혈관외과학회지 : 제 23 권제 2 호 2007 문합부와소복재정맥과파생된분지정맥및관통정맥의위치를파악하여표시하였고소복재정맥은장딴지하부 2/3까지추적하여표시하였다. 수술은대부분척추마취나종창성국소마취하에수술을시행하였고사용된종창성국소마취제는 250 ml 생리식염수에 1% lidocaine 60 ml와 8.4% sodium bicarbonate 6 ml를혼합하여준비하였다 (6). (1) 고위결찰술을동반하지않은경우 : 환자를배와위자세로눕힌후초음파로주행이표시된발목뒤외측장딴지하부 2/3부위에미세횡절개와 Varady 혹은 Müller hook을이용하여정맥을들어낸후소복재정맥-오금정맥합류부위까지 J-tip 유도철사-도관순으로삽입후 600μm 굵기의레이저관을삽입하여위치시켰다. 합류부위는수술전초음파로위치를확인하여표시하였으며안내선, 레이저관을위치시킨후문합부위 1 2 cm 원위부부터최초삽입부위 2 cm 상방까지레이저를혈관굵기및깊이에따라 8 12 W, cm/sec의속도의연속파행 (continuous mode) 으로총 1,200 1,500 Joule의에너지를방열하였고절개정맥을결찰하였다. 분지정맥류의치료는표시된주행을따라 2 3 mm의절개창을통해복재정맥재개통 hook을이용하여 AP를시행하였고절개창의개수는환자의상태에따라달리하였으나가능한한최소로 5 6개를넘지않도록시행하였다. 절개창의봉합은시행하지않거나필요한경우 4-0 Vicryl로봉합하고접합테이프를이용하였다. 절개창위에종이반창고를붙이고압박붕대를감고수술을종료하였다. (2) 고위결찰술을동반한경우 : 환자를배와위자세로눕힌후초음파로소복재정맥주행을표시하였다. 초음파로확인된소복재-오금정맥문합부 1 2 cm 하방에서초음파유도하에 3 4 mm의최소절개후 Varady 혹은 Müller hook 을이용하여소복재정맥을들어내어분할 (division) 후근위부고위결찰술을시행하였다. 분할후원위부소복재정맥을따라레이저카테터를발목뒤외측장딴지하부 2/3부위까지위치시킨후위와같은방법으로혈관굵기및깊이에따라 8 12 W, cm/sec의속도의연속파행 (continuous mode) 으로위로천천히당기면서총 1,200 1,500 Joule의에너지를방열하였고절개정맥원위부를결찰하였다. 분지정맥류의치료및절개창의봉합은고위결찰술을시행하지않은경우와동일하게시행하였다. 4) 수술후관리및추적방법수술직후고압력탄력스타킹 (class II) 을착용시키고적극적인보행을권장하였다. 수술 1주일, 1개월, 3개월, 6개월후외래통원관찰을통해증상호전및지속여부, Venous clinical severity score (VCSS) 및합병증발생을확인하였다 (7). 또한동기간별로복재정맥재개통여부와분지정맥류재출현등재발여부를검사하였다. 또한, 고위결찰술을시행하였던군과시행하지않았던군을대상으로임상 적특성및결과를비교분석하였다. 수술 3개월후도플러초음파검사를권장하였으며합병증이나재발이의심될경우에는시기에관계없이반드시시행하여심부정맥혈전증과복재정맥혈류의재개통여부등을감시하였다. 5) 통계적분석 두군간의임상적특성및임상적호전지표의결과분석은 Student t-test, paired t-test 등을이용하여분석하였고 P 값이 0.05 미만인경우의미있는것으로판정하였다. Table 2. Clinical outcome in symptomatic small saphenous vein varicosities following EVLT combined with AP (N=43) Outcome 결 1) 전체환자의수술결과 소복재정맥하지정맥류에 EVLT를시행하였던전체환자의수술후평균추적기간은 5.0개월이었으며전예에서 3개월이상의추적이가능하였다. 환자들대부분이수술다음날부터일상생활이가능하였고 1주일이내에직장복귀가가능하였다. 수술후 1주일이내증상호전은국제적보고기준 (8) 에의거한임상증상개선정도로분석해보면수술전정맥류로인한역류성증상이있던 43예중증상소실 21예 (+3, 48.8%), 중등도개선 14예 (+2, 32.6%), 경도개선 8예 (+1, 18.6%) 로분석되어전예에서수술전증상의호전이있었다. 수술 3개월후결과는증상소실 19예 (+3, 44.2%), 중등도개선 16예 (+2, 37.2%), 경도개선 6예 (+1, 14.0%), 증상이호전이없거나재발하여이전증상과비교하여변화가없었던경우가 2예 (4.6%) 였다 (Table 2). VCSS는수술전 4.65±1.54에서수술 3개월후 0.54±0.38 로분석되어육안적인정맥류의감소와증상의호전이확인되었다. 수술과관계된합병증으로총 15 하지 (27.3%) 에서 17예가발생하였다. 반상출혈 (ecchymosis) 7예, 통증 4예, 장딴 Within one week Cases (%) Postop. 3 months +3, asymptomatic 21 (48.8) 19 (44.2) +2, moderate improvement 14 (32.6) 16 (37.2) +1, mild improvement 8 (18.6) 6 (14.0) 0, unchanged 0 (0) 2 (4.6) Total 43 (100.0) 43 (100.0) No cases of worsening symptoms ( 1, 2, 3) following EVLT combined with AP. AP = ambulatory phlebectomy. 과
4 민승기외 : 소복재정맥하지정맥류에서고위결찰술을동반한정맥내레이저열응고요법 177 Table 3. Complications following small saphenous vein EVLT combined with AP (n=55 limbs) Complications Events (%) Ecchymosis 7 (12.8) Pain 4 (7.3) Sural nerve numbness 4 (7.3) Phlebitis 1 (1.8) Foot drop (peroneal nerve palsy) 1 (1.8) Total 17 events (30.9)/15 limbs (27.3) 지신경저림감 4예, 정맥염 1예등미미한경우가대부분이었으며정맥염한예에서경구용항생제를 1주일투여한것을제외하고는특별한치료없이외래관찰기간동안소실되거나현저히호전되었다. 혈전의상행진행으로인한심부정맥혈전증이나폐색전증은발생하지않았다. 중등도이상의합병증은한예에서있었다. 이는양측소복재정맥 EVLT와광범위한 AP 시행후후자로인해발생된근육내혈종으로구획증후군이유발되어비골신경압박에의한족하수 (foot drop) 가발생된경우였으며 2개월간의물리치료로호전되어현재는정상생활을영위하고있다 (Table 3). 수술 3개월후소복재정맥재개통율은 3예 (3/55, 5.4%) 로분석되었으며전예에서도플러초음파로확인되었다. 수술 3개월후분지정맥류재출현율은 5예 (5/55, 9.1%) 였으며, 대부분추가치료가필요없을정도로경미하였으며그중 1예 (20.0%) 에서만추가적으로경화요법을외래에서시행하였다. 2) 고위결찰술을시행한군과시행하지않은군의비교 (Table 4) 고위결찰술은 21명환자의 26예소복재정맥 EVLT 수술시동반되어시행되었고 ( 고위결찰술군 ) 26명의 29예의수술시에는시행되지않았다 ( 비고위결찰술군 ). 양군간의임상적특성은남녀비를제외하고통계적으로유의한차이없이비슷하였다. 수술 3개월후경도이상의증상호전이있었던비율은고위결찰술군 20/21 (95.2%), 비고위결찰술군및 25/26 (96.2%) 로두군간의차이가없었다. 동기간후 VCSS도고위결찰술군에서 0.52±0.41, 비고위결찰술군에서 0.55±0.38 로분석되어두군간에차이가없었다. 장딴지신경저림증을포함한합병증의빈도는두군간에각각 7.7%, 6.9% 로비슷하였다. 수술 3개월후재개통율및분지정맥재출현율은고위결찰술및비고위결찰술군에서각각 3.8%, 7.7% 로비고위결찰술군의 6.9%, 10.3% 보다낮은경향을보였으나비교대상예가적어통계적인유의성을구할수는없었다. Table 4. Comparison clinical data and results of high ligation group (HL group, n=21) versus no-high ligation group (NHL group, n=26) Variable HL group* NHL group Mean age, year Sex (M : F) 2:19 11:15 Family history 9 (42.9%) 11 (42.3%) Site of operation Right 6 (28.6%) 7 (26.9%) Left 11 (52.4%) 15 (57.7%) Both 4 (19.0%) 4 (15.4%) Clinical improvement 20/21 (95.2%) 25/26 (96.2%) (> +1, mild improvement) VCSS 0.52± ±0.38 Post-EVLT sural 2/26 (7.7%) 2/29 (6.9%) nerve numbness Saphenous vein 1/26 (3.8%) 2/29 (6.9%) recanalization rate Recurrence rate of 2/26 (7.7%) 3/29 (10.3%) tributaries VCSS = venous clinical severity score. *HL group; 21 patients, 26 small saphenous veins, NHL group; 26 patients, 29 small saphenous veins, P<0.05 고 소복재정맥역류를동반한하지정맥류의성공적인치료에는소복재-오금정맥문합부및소복재정맥역류를효과적으로제거하는것이필수적이다. 과거에시행되었던전통적인고위결찰술및발거술은한정된창상으로오금정맥으로의이행부위나분지정맥을정확히확인하기힘들뿐아니라문합부위의해부학적다양성으로재발률이높았고장딴지신경저림증등의합병증의빈발한빈도가문제가되어왔다. 이러한단점을보완하기위해서혈관내로열전달기구를삽입하여표재성하지정맥부전증에대한치료를도모하는수술방법이개발되어현재널리시행되고있다. 여기에는레이저를이용한 EVLT와고주파열응고요법 (Radiofrequency ablation) 의방법이있으며두수술간의복재정맥폐색률은비슷하게보고되었으나 (6,9-11) 수술의간편성과수술시간의단축등의장점으로본원에서는 EVLT 를선호하여 2003년부터시행하고있다. EVLT는 2002년대복재정맥하지정맥류의치료로 FDA 에서허가된후적응증이 2004년말에는소복재정맥등다른하지정맥류의치료로확대인정되었다. 그러나대복재정맥과는달리소복재정맥에서 EVLT 수술은널리이용되고있지않다. 그이유는첫째, 소복재정맥의해부학적특성인소복재-오금정맥문합부의분지정맥의결여빈도가높 찰
5 178 대한혈관외과학회지 : 제 23 권제 2 호 2007 아상대적으로심부정맥혈전증의발생이많다는것이며, 둘째는장딴지신경이소복재정맥과근접되어있어수술후저린감의호소가빈번하다는것이다 (4). 여러보고에의하면심부정맥혈전증은대복재정맥수술시에는 0 3% (9), 소복재정맥수술시 0 5.7% 로소복재정맥에서약간높게보고되고있다 (2,4,5). Gibson 등은 EVLT 시행전초음파검사에서소복재-오금정맥문합부의해부학적양상을분류하여 43% 에서소복재정맥과오금정맥이행부위에분지정맥이존재하지않았다고보고하면서이경우에는대복재정맥수술시같이레이저카테터끝을아래배벽정맥 (inferior epigastric vein) 원위부에위치시켜심부정맥으로의혈류를유지시킴으로서혈전의심부정맥으로의이행을방지하는효과를기대하기어렵기때문에심부정맥혈전증의빈도가높을수있다는이론적근거를제시하였다 (4). 신경저림증은대복재정맥 1 7% 에비해 (9) 소복재정맥수술시에는 % 로보고되었으며 (2,4,5) 이는소복재정맥과장딴지신경의근접성에기인한다. 위에언급한제한점과장기결과가없으나최근소복재정맥 EVLT 시행후향상된결과가보고되고있어 (2-5) 이용이보편화되고있는실정이며저자들도과거에높은소복재정맥폐색율과낮은합병증의결과를얻어효과적이고안정성이높음을보고한바있다 (12,13). 본연구의대상환자는전부소복재정맥으로의역류와더불어육안적으로명확한분지정맥류가존재하였던경우였으며이의치료로는 AP를동시에시행하였다 (14,15). 그이유는첫째, 복재정맥폐색술후정맥성고혈압의원인을제거함으로써분지정맥류치료필요성을감소시킬수있어도 (6,16) 증상과더불어가장많이호소하는육안적인분지정맥류의소멸을동시에기대하는대부분의환자의욕구를충족시키기위함이었고, 둘째는환자의추가치료가능성을감소시킴으로써경제적측면을고려하였고, 셋째로색소침착이나경결등의합병증의발생빈도가상당히존재하는경화요법보다 AP를통한치료가오히려더만족도가높다고생각했기때문이었다. 저자들은소복재정맥 EVLT의치료효과를높이고합병증빈도및조기재개통 (early recanalization) 을방지하기위해서다음과같은방법을시도하였다. 첫째, 수술시발목부위를높이는자세로적절히정맥내혈액을감소시켜 (adequate venous emptying) 레이저효과를높였고, 둘째, 소복재정맥주위로종창성용액을충분히주입하여주위조직에의온도를 45 o C 이하로낮추어비가역적인장딴지신경손상을방지하려하였다. 셋째, 초음파를이용하여수술전이나수술시소복재-오금정맥문합부를정확히찾아고위결찰술을시행하거나고위결찰술을시행하지않을경우에는레이저관끝의위치를문합부위 1 2 cm 하방에올바르게위치시켜효과를극대화시켰고, 마지막으로술후압박붕대나탄력스타킹을수술직후에착용함으로써 조기재개통을방지하려고시도하였다 (13,17,18). 이런방법을통해서후유증이남는주합병증이나장딴지신경저림증같은특이적인합병증발생을줄일수있었고외국보고들과 (2,4,5,19) 비슷한 5.4% 의소복재정맥재개통율을얻을수있었다. 본연구에서수술후합병증으로심부정맥혈전증의발생이전무한이유는물론, 환자선택에서복재정맥굵기에따라굵은경우혈전증을염려하여발거술을우선적으로고려한경우도있었으나무엇보다도초음파유도하에소복재-오금정맥합류부에서 1 2 cm 원위부에서근위부압박하에레이저방열을시작하여생성된혈전이심부정맥까지영향이미치는것을방지하려는저자들의시도가도움이되었을것으로사료된다. 동반된 AP에의한합병증은거의없었으나관통정맥부전증과동반된분지정맥류의광범위한절제술후근육내출혈과근육부종으로인한비골신경압박으로인한족하수 (foot drop) 가발생된한예가있었으며 2개월간의물리치료로호전되어정상생활로복귀가가능하였다. 그러나경미하더라도분지정맥류재출현율, 즉재발의빈도가다른보고 (14) 에비해높았고앞서언급한해부학적근거로인한심부정맥혈전증에대한염려를이유로저자들은대상기간후기에는전예에서소복재정맥고위결찰술을시행하였다. 이는초음파유도하에정확히소복재-오금정맥문합부와근접된분지정맥을 3 4 mm의최소절개를통해박리, 결찰하는방법이다. 저자들은고위결찰술에대한추가비용은받지않았으며시행시초음파유도하에최소절개를통해숙련도를갖추고시행하였으므로수술시간증가등비효율성은없었다. 무엇보다도기존의 EVLT 방법에비해반흔이남는다는것과오금부위박리를통한장딴지신경손상가능성이있다는것이문제이지만본연구에서는 1예를제외하고는수술후오금부위의반흔에대한미용적인불편함을호소하지않았으며장딴지신경저림증비도각각 7.7%, 6.9% 로고위결찰술군과비고위결찰술군간의큰차이는없었다. 수술 3개월후 VCSS를포함한임상적호전지표도두군간의차이는없었으나재개통율은고위결찰술군 3.8%, 비고위결찰술군 6.9% 로분석되었고분지정맥류재출현율도각각 7.7%, 10.3% 로고위결찰술군에서낮게분석되었다. 포함된대상예가적고무작위적전향적연구가아니므로결론을제시할수는없었지만고위결찰술을시행하여재발률을낮추려는저자들의시도에합당한단기결과를얻을수있었다. 물론분지정맥류재출현이복재정맥이폐쇄되지않고재개통되거나분지정맥을결찰하지못해발생하는것외에관통정맥부전이나다른구획에서생긴잔존분지정맥류가포함될수있기때문에정확한지표로서의가치가떨어져일부의보고에서만재발률을이수술의효용성지표로언
6 민승기외 : 소복재정맥하지정맥류에서고위결찰술을동반한정맥내레이저열응고요법 179 급하고있다 (14,15). 하지만저자들은고위결찰술을전자의가능성을최소화시키려는목적으로시행하였고관통정맥부전이나다른구획의분지정맥류는수술시 AP나혈관경화요법으로제거함을원칙으로하여분지정맥류재출현율을객관화된지표로삼고자노력하였다. 소복재-오금정맥고위결찰술의수술의의가확립되려면안정성과효용성이뒷받침되어야한다. 즉, 장딴지신경저림증과미용적인불편감등이비고위결찰술군과차이가없이안정성이입증되고중장기소복재정맥재개통율과재발률이비고위결찰술군과비교하여적어야할것이다. 본연구에서이에합당한경향을보이는단기결과는얻었지만통계적인유의성을포함한수술로서의가치가입증되려면보다많은환자에서장기추적검사를통한무작위적전향적연구가시행되어야하며임상질지표를포함한이수술의효용성을담보할보다객관화된지표의개발이동반되어야할것이다. 결 저자들은분지정맥류를동반한소복재정맥하지정맥류환자에서 EVLT를시행하여낮은합병증발생및조기일상생활복귀등이가능하였고높은환자의만족도와비교적낮은복재정맥재개통율과재발률등의결과를얻어수술의안정성과효용성을확인할수있었다. 그러나본연구에서는경미하더라도분지정맥류재출현율, 즉재발의빈도가높고심부정맥혈전증에대한염려를이유로일부의예에서소복재정맥고위결찰술을시행하여시행하지않은군과단기결과를비교하였다. 두군간의임상적호전지표와합병증발생률은비슷하였고단기간분지정맥류재출현율및복재정맥재개통률은고위결찰술군에서낮은경향을보여저자들의목적에부합하는결과를보였다. 소복재-오금정맥고위결찰술이긍정적인단기결과는얻었지만안정성과효용성을지닌수술로서의가치가입증되려면향후보다많은환자에서장기추적검사를통한무작위적전향적연구가필수적이며임상질지표를포함한이수술의효용성을담보할보다객관화된지표의개발이보완되어야할것이다. 론 REFERENCES 1) Van Rij AM, Jiang P, Solomon C, Christie RA, Hill GB. Recurrence after varicose vein surgery: a prospective longterm clinical study with duplex ultrasound scanning and air plethysmography. J Vasc Surg 2003;38: ) Proebstle TM, Gul D, Kargl A, Knop J. Endovenous laser treatment of the lesser saphenous vein with a 940-nm diode laser: early results. Dermatol Surg 2003;29: ) Ravi R, Rodriguez-Lopez JA, Traylor EA, Barrett DA, Ramaiah V, Diethrich EB. Endovenous ablation of incompetent saphenous veins: a large single-center experience. J Endovasc Ther 2006;13: ) Gibson KD, Ferris BL, Polissar N, Neradilek B, Pepper D. Endovenous laser treatment of the short saphenous vein: efficacy and complications. J Vasc Surg 2007;45: ) Theivacumar NS, Beale RJ, Mavor AI, Gough MJ. Initial experience in endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of varicose veins due to small saphenous vein reflux. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007;33: ) Welch HJ. Endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein may avert phlebectomy for branch varicose veins. J Vasc Surg 2006;44: ) Rutherford RB, Palberg FT, Comerota AJ, Kistner RL, Meissner MH, Moneta GL. Venous severity scoring: an adjunct to venous clinical assessment. J Vasc Surg 2000;31: ) Porter JP, Moneta GM, and International Consensus Committee on Chronic Venous Disease. Reporting standards in venous disease: an update. J Vasc Surg 1995;21: )Mundy L, Merlin TL, Fitridge RA, Hiller JE. Systematic review of endovenous laser treatment for varicose veins. Br J Surg 2005;92: ) Min RJ, Khilnani NM. Endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins. J Cardiovsc Surg 2005;46: ) Merchant RF, DePalma RG, Kabnick LS. Endovascular obliteration of saphenous reflux: a multicenter study. J Vasc Surg 2002;35: ) 정중기, 정인목, 김영철, 허승철, 안영준, 이태승등. 소복재정맥류에서경정맥레이저치료의임상적경험. 대한혈관외과학회지 2004;20: ) 정인목, 정중기, 채영준, 허승철, 안영준, 황기태등. 정맥내레이저열응고요법과동시에시행한국소정맥류절제술을이용한하지정맥류의치료. 대한외과학회지 2006;71: ) Sadick NS, Wasser S. Combined endovascular laser plus ambulatory phlebectomy for the treatment of superficial venous incompetence: a 4-year perspective. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2007; 9: ) Mekako A, Hatfield J, Bryce J, Heng M, Lee D, McCollum P, et al. Combined endovenous laser therapy and ambulatory phlebectomy: refinement of a new technique. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006;32: ) Monahan DL. Can phlebectomy be deferred in the treatment of varicose veins? J Vasc Surg 2005;42: ) Puggioni A, Kalra M, Carmo M, Mozes G, Gloviczki P. Endovenous laser therapy and radiofrequency ablation of the great saphenous vein: analysis of early efficacy and complications. J Vasc Surg 2005;42: ) Huang Y, Jiang M, Li W, Lu X, Huang X, Lu M. Endovenous
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