2014 韓日 日韓水産增養殖共同 SYMPOSIUM 韓國水産科學會養殖分科秋季學術大會 2014 KOREA-JAPAN, JAPAN-KOREA JOINT SYMPOSIUM ON AQUACULTURE ANNUAL FALL CONFERENCE MEETING OF AQUACULTU

Transcription

1 2014 韓日 日韓水産增養殖共同 SYMPOSIUM 韓國水産科學會養殖分科秋季學術大會 2014 KOREA-JAPAN, JAPAN-KOREA JOINT SYMPOSIUM ON AQUACULTURE ANNUAL FALL CONFERENCE MEETING OF AQUACULTURE DIVISION, THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCE PROGRAM & ABSTRACTS October 31 - November 1, 2014 Kunsan National University, Korea Organized by Aquaculture Division, The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science Japanese Society for Aquaculture Research Hosted by College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University Sponsored by Kunsan National University

2 2014 韓日 日韓水産增養殖共同 SYMPOSIUM 韓國水産科學會養殖分科秋季學術大會 2014 KOREA-JAPAN, JAPAN-KOREA JOINT SYMPOSIUM ON AQUACULTURE ANNUAL FALL CONFERENCE MEETING OF AQUACULTURE DIVISION, THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCE PROGRAM & ABSTRACTS October 31 - November 1, 2014 Kunsan National University, Korea Organized by Aquaculture Division, The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science Japanese Society for Aquaculture Research Hosted by College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University Sponsored by Kunsan National University

3 Conference Program October 30 (Thursday) s16:00-17:30 Arrival at Hotel, Gunsan s18:30-20:00 Welcome Dinner for President Group of JSAR October 31 (Friday) s09:00-09:30 Registration 09:30-10:00 OPENING CEREMONY (Chair : Dr. Yoo Jin-Hyung) Opening Address-1 (Chairperson of Aquaculture Division, KOSFAS) Opening Address-2 (President of JSAR) Welcome Address (Dean of College of OS&T, KNU) Commemorative Photo Shoot 10:00-16:00 POSTER PRESENTATION 10:00-15:40 ORAL PRESENTATION-1 (Chair : Prof. Kang Seok-Joong) s10:00-10:40 Invited Lecture-1 Dr. J. Higano (Director, Fisheries Res. Agency) General Meeting of the KOSFAS 10:50-12:30 Japanese Member: Visiting to Saemangum Embankment s12:00-13:00 Lunch s13:00-13:40 General Meeting of Aquaculture Division, KOSFAS s13:40-14:20 Invited Lecture-2 Dr. Park Kwan-Ha (Prof. Kunsan Nat l Univ.) s14:20-14:40 Oral Presentation-1 Dr. Y. Sakakura (Prof. Nagasaki Univ.) s14:40-15:00 Oral Presentation-2 MSc. A. Yoshida (Nagasaki Univ.) s15:00-15:20 Oral Presentation-3 DOc. Ki-Woong Nam (Kunsan Nat l Univ.) s15:20-15:40 Oral Presentation-4 MSc. F. Jin (Kyongsang Nat l Univ.) s15:40-16:00 Coffee Break 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION-2 (Chair : Prof. Jeong Kwan-Sik) s16:00-16:20 Oral Presentation-5 Dr. K. Kuwano (Prof. Nagasaki Univ.) s16:20-16:40 Oral Presentation-6 MSc. Youngjin Park (Pukyong Nat l Univ.) s16:40-17:20 Invited Lecture-3 Dr. T. Yoshimatsu (Prof. Mie Univ.) s17:20-18:00 Invited Lecture-4 Dr. Yoo Jin-Hyung (Korea Cooperative of Grouper Research) s18:30-20:30 Chairperson s Reception November 1 (Saturday) s08:30 Checkout Hotel s09:00-10:30 Visiting to Gunsan History Museum s10:30-11:30 Lunch s12:10-15:30 Move to Incheon National Airport s17:00 - Departure - 1 -

4 Opening Address Choi Kwang-Sik, Chairperson of Aquaculture Division KOSFAS On behalf of all the members of the Chapter of Aquaculture, Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, I welcome all the Japanese participants joining the 11 th Korea-Japan, Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Aquaculture 2014 in Kunsan. For this 11 th joint symposium distinguished participants from various institutions and academia in Japan join this symposium, and I would like to express my sincere gratitude to professor Atsushi Hagiwara of Nagasaki University, the president of Japanese Society for Aquaculture Research, and professor Yoshitaka Sakakura of Nagasaki University, the secretary general of the society, for their time and effort to make this joint symposium possible. I also want to express my hearty thank to Dr. Junya Higano of Fisheries Research Agency and professor Takao Yoshimatsu of Mie University for the keynote lectures. As professor Hagiwara described, the first joint symposium was organized in 1994 and hosted in Jeju and the second one was successfully held in Shimonoseki in I have a great memory of the second symposium since it was my first appearance in the joint symposium and the second trip to Japan in my life. During the symposium in Shimonoseki, I met numbers of distinguished Japanese researchers, graduate students and governmental agents working on various topics in aquatic sciences. Throughout the symposium, we exchanged experiences and ideas in aquaculture, which helped me later to develop my current research area. It was also my great pleasure to recognize some of the graduate students who joined this symposium are now working actively in aquaculture academia and industry. I believe the 11 th joint symposium held in Kunsan, again, also provides great opportunities to the all the participants from Japan and Korea, to meet future scientific collaborators, as well as old friends and fellows. Finally, I would like to pay my great appreciation to professor, Lee Jeong-Yeol, and the local organizing committee members, who make this wonderful symposium possible. Thank you very much. Professor School of Marine Biomedical Science, Jeju National University 102 Jeju daehakno, Jeju , Republic of Korea - 2 -

5 Opening Address Atsushi HAGIWARA, President of Japanese Society for Aquaculture Research First of all, on behalf of all Japanese participants, I would like to express our sincere thanks to the Aquaculture Chapter of Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science to organize the 11th Korean-Japan, Japan-Korean Joint Symposium on Aquaculture 2014 in Kunsan, historical port city in Korea. Special thanks are due to Prof. Jeong-Yeol Lee and his colleagues of Kunsan National University and Prof. Kwang-Sik Choi of Jeju National University who organize this wonderful symposium. Prof. Hidemi Kumai, an honorary member of JSAR, recently explained me that the first symposium was successfully organized owing to the great effort of our seniors including Prof. Pyen Choong-Kyu, a prominent aquaculture scientist. The symposium was held in Jeju in 1994 with 120 participants (below photo). After Prof. Pyen's death in 1995, this symposium has been continually held every two years. The 2nd symposium was in Shimonoseki, followed by Pusan, Sendai, Kunsan, Hakodate, Pusan, Shirahama, Pusan and Nagasaki. It is our great pleasure to meet again here in Kunsan to share the idea and technology on sustainable aquaculture and environmental protection. Thank you very much. Professor / Vice President Nagasaki University Memorial Photograph of 1st Korean-Japan Japan-Korean Joint Symposium,

6 Welcome Address Sang-Ho Lee, Dean of College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University Dear all attendees, I am very happy to congratulate 2014 Korea-Japan Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Aquaculture hold on October 31 in Kunsan National University. This joint symposium is the eleventh meeting, with opening biannually and alternatively in Japan and Korea. I think this long-running meeting program with successful continuation might be possible by your active researches and ardent communications between aquaculture communities in both countries. Kunsan has been a base city of fishery and aquaculture in the west coast of Korea since 20 century. The modern fisheries education had officially begun in April 1915 in the Kunsan area, with opening Kunsan public fisheries school as adjunct of Kunsan agriculture school. While Kunsan public fisheries school was closed in 1929, College of Ocean Science and Technology in Kunsan National University had taken over the role of fisheries education by opening Kunsan Fisheries College since Our college will have the 100th anniversary of the official fisheries education in Kunsan city next year. I believe this joint symposium builds up relationship across national boundaries, improves our aquaculture management skill, ability of application and research activity, and fosters the development of aquaculture networks between both countries by discussions and experience sharing throughout this meeting. Hope good healthy days and active communications! - 4 -

7 T abl e of Pr esen t at i on Invited Lectures s10:00 10:40 Junya HIGANO (Director, Fisheries Research Agency) Suspended culture of Asari clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, utilizing natural seeds. s13:40 14:20 Kwan Ha, PARK (Professor, Kunsan National University) Current concept on aquaculture farm water quality regulation and aquaculture product safety. s16:40 17:20 Takao YOSHIMATSU (Professor, Mie University) Climate change and its impact on aquaculture in shallow seas. s17:20 18:00 Yoo Jin-Hyung (Korea Cooperative of Grouper Research) Monitoring on causes affecting the productivity of flounder in Jeju Island, Korea Oral Presentation s14:20 14:40 Yoshitaka Sakakura, Hikaru Yamane, Hideki Yamazaki, Kazutaka Sakiyama Evaluation of fish quality for release in the hatchery-reared tiger puffer juveniles. s14:40 15:00 Ayumi Yoshida, Hikaru Yamane, Hideki Yamazaki, AtsushiItou, Kazutaka Sakiyama and Yoshitaka Sakakura Predator-prey relationship among 3 species (tiger puffer, kuruma prawn, short-neck clam) for stock enhancement program at tidal flat in Japan. s15:00 15:20 Ki-Woong Nam, Yun-Kyung Shin, Kyung-Il Park In vitro cyst formation of Azumiobodo hoyamushi, the causative agent of the soft tunic syndrome in the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi. s15:20 15:40 Feng Jin, U-Cheol Jeong, Ga-Hyun Kang, Jong-Kuk Choi, Byeong-Dae Choi and Seok-Joong Kang Growth and survival rate of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas feeding by fermented fecal solid diets from fish farm. s16:00 16:20 Kazuyoshi Kuwano A marked decline of seaweed populations in western Japan. s16:20 16:40 Youngjin Park, Hyeonho Yun, Seunghan Lee, Jeonghoon Im, Geon Lee, Daegyun Ko and Sungchul C. Bai Effects of dietary multi species probiotics supplementation on growth performances, immune and hematological characteristics in juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Poster Presentation PP-01. Yong Teak Sim and Chul-Sang Lee Forensic characterization of fourteen microsatellite loci in sea cucumber (Stichopus - 5 -

8 japonicus). PP-02. Jong-Yeon Kim and Jong-Man Yoon Food organisms of juveniles of Chasmichthys stigmatias in habited at intertidal zone of the western coast of korea. PP-03. Dae-Hyun Kim, Jong-Yeon Kim and Jong-Man Yoon Genetic distance of three Clupeid species identified by PCR analysis. PP-04. Jeong-Nam Yu, Seung-Ho Choi, Seon-Man Kweon, Sang Ki Kim, Deuk-Hee Jin, Gill-Seon Kim, and Soonok Kim High throughput sequencing enables discovery of microsatellite markers for the assessment of genetic diversity in masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou). PP-05. Jeong-Nam Yu, Soonok Kim, and Chae Eun Lim Development of novel microsatellite markers from Manchurian trout, Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, an endangered species in Korea. PP-06. Kyoung-Duck Kim, Hyon-Sob Han, Kang-Woong Kim, Bong-Joo Lee, Sung-Sam Kim, Ki-Min Bae, Kie-Young Park and O-Nam Kwon Effects of dietary sea mud on growth of juvenile sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. PP-07. Bong-Joo Lee, Jin-Hyeok Lee, Kang-Woong Kim, Kyoung-Duck Kim, Hyon-Sob Han and Sung-Sam Kim Mercury accumulation originated from sword fish by-product in tissues of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its excretion. PP-08. Kyoung-Duck Kim, Ki-Min Bae, Hyon-Sob Han, Kang-Woong Kim, Bong-Joo Lee, Sung-Sam Kim Evaluation of experimental practical feed for juvenile sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. PP-09. Dicky Harwanto, Gong-Hyeon Lee and Yong-Ki Hong Anti-fatigue activity of Korean Bullhead (Pseudobagrus fulvidraco) extract for improving exercise performance in mice. PP-10. Gong-Hyeon Lee, Dicky Harwanto and Yong-Ki Hong Effects of soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis) extract for anti-fatigue in mice. PP-11. 이동훈 이상우 김달영 서성문 홍석우미꾸리 (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) 인공종묘생산기술개발에관한연구 PP-12. 김달영 전민지 김수현 이상우 홍석우황쏘가리 (Siniperca scherzeri) 암컷을이용한쏘가리체색발현교배실험 PP-13. 한정조 조기택 안태영 최지성 홍성열 이상우 홍석우멸종위기어류꾸구리 Gobiobotia macrocephala (Pisces: Cyprinidae) 종묘생산기술연구 PP-14. 김경훈 김성균 김병권 오재구 이제근 김창훈바위털갯지렁이연계양식을통한양식장배출슬러지저감효과 PP-15. 오재구 김경훈 이종수 김창훈바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 유생으로부터해적생물방어물질정제및구제효과 PP-16. 김성균 김경훈 김병권 김지일 김창훈바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 유생의사육기질유기물함량에따른착저및생장 - 6 -

9 PP-17. 김병권 김경훈 김성균 김지일 김창훈바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 종묘생산초기단계의적정먹이및급이율 PP-18. 강주현 김태옥 박권삼 조상만시설조건에따른굴 (Crassostrea gigas) 위생학적성상의변화 PP-19. 박성덕 김병기 전중균총암모니아성질소 (TAN) 농도에따른돌돔 (Oplegnathus fasciatus) 의성장및혈액생리학적변화 PP-20. Hee Sung Kim and Sung Hwoan Cho Substitution effects of fishmeal with tuna byproduct meal in the diet on growth, body composition, plasma chemistry and amino acid profiles of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). PP-21. Sung Hyo Myung and Sung Hwoan Cho Effects of dietary substitution of fishmeal with the combined microalgae, Nannochloropsis oceanica (NO) biomass residue and casein on growth and body composition of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). PP-22. Cho-Rong Lee, Hye-Ji Yoon and Kyeong-Jun Lee Effect of dietary supplementation of citrus byproduct and fermented citrus byproduct on innate immunity of red seabream pagrus major. PP-23. G.L. Buddhi Eranga Gunathilaka, Yong-Kap Hur, Chang-Hyoung Lee and Kyeong-Jun Lee Effects of dietary propolis supplementation on non-specific immune response and disease resistance of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). PP-24. You-Jeong Kim, Min-Gi Kim, Youn-Ji Song and Kyeong-Jun Lee Effect of dietary supplementation of citrus byproduct on antibacterial activity of olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus. PP-25. Sang Yoon Lee, Seung Pyo Gong and Yoon Kwon Nam Concatemer and copy number-associated expression characteristics in transgenic fish germ lines, as exemplified by marine medaka carrying ubiquitous promoter-driven reporter construct. PP-26. 박진철 신명재 장태호 이용철 전용식 이상협 박무균 박진희 김만섭 최준헌 박흠기염분및수온에따른초소형 rotifer, Synchaeta kitina의내구란생산및부화율조사 PP-27. 권오남 박진철 신명재 장태호 이용철 전용식 이상협 박무균 박진희 김만섭 최준헌 박흠기 Rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis의 strain에따른수온및염분별성장조사 PP-28. Ga-Hyun Kang, Do-Hee Kim, Sun-Young Yu, Aswi A. Rofiqoh, Byeong-Dea Choi, Dong-Han Bae and Seok-Joong Kang Reproduction and cultivation of sea water Tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus, Docheon strain). PP-29. 김정우 변순규 허영백 문태석 임영섭신경전달물질이참굴 Crassotrea gigas 난모세포의 GVBD에미치는영향 PP-30. 김정우 변순규 허영백 문태석 임영섭분말사료의급여가참굴 Crassotrea gigas 의난질및초기발생에미치는영향 - 7 -

10 PP-31. 변순규 김정우 허영백 문태석 임영섭미세조류와분말사료의급여에따른참굴 Crassotrea gigas의성성숙 PP-32. 임성률 최지성 전민지 명노진 천명길 홍석우경기연안갯벌조성과환경이가무락의성장과생존에미치는영향에관한연구 PP-33. Sung Hyo Myung and Sung Hwoan Cho Effects of dietary carbohydrate sources for performance of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). PP-34. 송재희 최윤석 윤상필 정상옥 한형균 안현미 장용수 박광재고창지역바지락양식특성및개선방향검토 PP-35. Hee Sung Kim and Sung Hwoan Cho Evaluation of optimum ratio of carbohydrate to lipid in the diets on growth and body composition of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). PP-36. Hyeonho Yun, Inkwon Jang, Sukyong Kim and Sungchul C. Bai Optimum dietary protein energy ratio in whiteleg shrimp in biofloc system. PP-37. Hyun-Ki Hong, Ludovic Donaghy and Kwang-Sik Choi Influence of reproductive condition of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum on hemocyte parameters during early post-spawning period. PP-38. 박준택 이경우 김영훈 임종악 김춘철 박수빈 임태준 안준철외국산무태장어 Anguilla marmorata의사육시적정사육수온과사료급여율조사 PP-39. 박수빈 임태준 박준택 이경우 안준철외국산무태장어 Anguilla marmorata의사육시사료첨가제첨가유의영향 PP-40. 임태준 박수빈 이경우 안준철환수량이무태장어 (Anguilla marmorata) 의성장및사육환경에미치는영향 PP-41. Mi-Jin Yim, Dae-Sung Lee, Yun Sook Kim, Sung-Hwan Eom and Young-Mog Kim Algicidal activities of a marine bacterium against a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. PP-42. Lee Jeong-Yeol and Bak Yeong-Hun Effect of temperature change on the oxygen consumption in mud loach, Misgurnus mizolepis. PP-43. Tae-Ho Yoon, Min-gyou Park, Soo-eun Lee, Jae-hun Lee, Jung-hwan Lee, Yu-ri Jung, Hyun-jung Hwang and Hyun-Woo Kim Isolation and characterization of four genes highly expressed during megalopa stage in chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. PP-44. Chi-Hoon Lee, Sang-Woo Hur, Oh-Soo Na, Hea-Ja Baek, Choong-Hwan Noh, Sang-Hyun Han, Ji-Hoon Park, Ji-Yeon Hyun and Young-Don Lee Induction of primary male in juvenile red spotted grouper Epinephelus akaara by immersion of 17α-methyltestosterone. PP-45. Hyun Chul Cho, Hyung Bae Kim and Hea Ja Baek The hematological analysis and plasma cortisol levels in growing of red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akarra exposed to water temperature. PP-46. Jung Hyun Kim, Hee Jeong Kong, Cheul Min An, Hea Ja Baek Effect of water temperature on the expression of HSP70 family and glucose levels in - 8 -

11 Korean rose bitterling, Rhodeus uyekii. PP-47. 최성원 신새봄 김길중수온과연령에따른멍게 (Halocynthia roretzi) 유치자의심장박동주기의변화 PP-48. Ji Eun Kim, Hyun Chul Cho, Min Joo Kang, Sang Woo Hur, Young Don Lee and Hea Ja Baek Temperature effect on the egg development and post-hatching with no feeding in red-spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara. PP-49. 김호영 최경배 왕세호 오성균 노한성 박영진 임은영 배민지 김춘삼 김준열가두리양식장용공기공급장치의원격제어운전사례 PP-50. 김호영 윤영종 김광호 홍보현해상가두리양식장공기공급장치의배터리성능실험 PP-51. 임태준 박수빈 박준택 안준철단백질원에따른무태장어 (Anguilla marmorata) 의성장비교 PP-52. Kang-Woong Kim, Kyoung-Duck Kim, Bong-Joo Lee, Sung-Sam Kim, Hyon-Sob Han and Sungchul C. Bai Effects of fermented soybean meal as a replacement for fish meal in juvenile olive flouner Paralichthys olivaceus. PP-53. Sung-Sam Kim, Kang-Woong Kim, Kyoung-Duck Kim, Bong-Joo Lee, Hyon-Sob Han, and Kyeong-Jun Lee Optimum feeding rate in sub-adult olive flounder (370g) Paralichthys olivaceus fed practical extruded pellet at low water temperature (12-14 C). PP-54. 박종혁 정재묵 김현지 허성회 백근욱순천상내리갯벌역에출현하는풀망둑 (Synechogobius hasta) 의식성 PP-55. Eun Kyoung Hwang, Ho Chang Yoo, Jae Min Baek, Chan Sun Park Phytal organisms remove from Sargassum fusiforme and S. fulvellum : by ph and salinity tolerance during summer cultivation in Korea. PP-56. 김영민 정희도 이희중 홍현기 강현실 김철원 김형섭 최광식우리나라에서식하는참담치 (Mytilus coruscus) 의번식생리학적특성에관한연구 PP-57. 조영관 강현실 홍현기 최광식우리나라바지락포자충 (P. olseni) 의 in vitro culture 및 internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) 을이용한바지락포자충개체군의유전학적특성분석 - 9 -

12 INVITED LECTURES 2014 Korea-Japan Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Aquaculture

13 SP-1 Suspended Culture of Asari Clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, Utilizing Natural Seeds Junya Higano 1 *, Nariaki Inoue 1, Natsuki Hasegawa 1, YukaIshihi 1, Yoshimi Fujioka 1, Masahiro Kuno 2, Daisuke Asao 3, Megumu Yamaguchi 4, Yoshitaka Imai 4 and Setsuo Kobayashi 4 1 National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, 2 Mie Prefectural. Fisheries Research Institute, 3 Toba-Isobe Fisheries Cooperative, 4 Care Shell Co., Ltd. * higa@fra.affrc.go.jp Asari clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is one of the most important fisheries species in Japan. Most of the clam's production depends on wild catch although the culture production in tidal flats is occupied only 3 to 4 % of the total production. The suspended culture of Asari clam is not prevalent yet in Japan and any other countries. In order to develop the practical method of the suspended culture, the culture experiment was performed at an oyster culture raft in Ohnoura Bay, Toba City, Mie Prefecture. Prior to the culture experiment, challenges for the collection of natural seed of Asari clam were performed. Through the field experiment in Ohnoura Bay. We found out the mesh bag contained gravels and Care-Shells (oyster shell processed materials) could collect more than 100 individuals/bag with the medium size of 20mm in shell length for several month. For suspended culture, these seeds were put in plastic containers (41x31x14 cm). In each container 150 seeds (average shell length was 22mm, wet weight was 2.0g) were put with fine gravels and Care-Shells (oyster shell processed materials) setting to 6 cm in thickness. The containers were suspended in 2m from the water surface. The culture started on April 18, After the five month culture, average SL and WW of the clams reached 33 to 35mm and 8.3 to 9.7g, and the survival rate was higher than 90%. Total wet weight of clams in the containers having started from 300g reached 1,100 to 1,300g. The growth of Asari clam in suspended culture showed much higher than on the tidal flat in Ise Bay. The results suggest that suspended culture of the clam has a potential for commercial clam production both on the high growth and survival rates. Key words: Asari clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, growth, suspended culture, oyster culture raft

14 SP-2 Current Concept on Aquaculture Farm Water Quality Regulation and Aquaculture Product Safety Kwan Ha, Park Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University The quality of culture water utilized for aquatic animals will eventually be reflected as the quality of aquaculture products for human consumption. In general, it is hard to make a clear discrimination in quality regulations for between aquaculture water and general environmental water. However, the adequacy as culture water can be viewed from dual aspects: first, aquatic life view which includes water temperature and dissolved oxygen, for example, seeks fundamentals for optimum growth and maintenance of aquatic lives; secondly, human health view which considers toxic chemicals such as heavy metals and pesticides in water intends to protect both aquatic lives and human consumers. To secure the quality of aquaculture products, each country adopts different philosophies on which point to control more strictly, the water quality or the product. Japan sets minimum parameters for water quality checks while requiring to monitor numerous possible contaminants in aquaculture products. In contrast, regulations of USA-Canada and Australia-New Zealand require numerous water quality factors to check while requiring essential contaminant check in the final aquatic products. Korean regulation defines minimum essential parameters both for culture water and cultured products. It light of the trend that artificial production is gradually replacing wild catch, it was examined whether our country needs a more stringent regulation on aquaculture water quality. Chemical analysis on key environmental contaminants suggests that it is a good time to implement a regulation requiring water quality checks for health-threatening contaminants

15 SP-3 Climate Change and Its Impact on Aquaculture in Shallow Seas Takao Yoshimatsu Laboratory of Shallow Sea Aquaculture, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Mie, Tsu-City, Japan Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing animal food-producing sectors for human being during the last three decades. World food fish production of aquaculture has reported to be expanded by almost 12 times, at an average annual rate of 8.8 percent. In the course of half a century, aquaculture has expanded from being almost negligible to fully comparable with capture production in terms of feeding people in the world. Also the products obtained from marine aquaculture conducted in shallow seas usually have higher commercial value as commodity that helps farmers to earn money. Therefore the role of aquaculture is getting important year by year. Nevertheless there are some constrains to prevent the sustainable development of aquaculture, in spite of its expanding significance. One of the most important issues would be the problem concerning feed staff for aquaculture. The recent soaring of fish meal price due to the increase in demand and international scrabble for fishmeal products make the situation difficult from economical reason. Also the productions of pelagic feed material fish like sardine and anchovy are not always safe, stable and predictable anymore to support the stable development of aquaculture. To solve this problem we recently developed new and safe feed ingredients using a single-cell material made from a kind of red alga Pyropia 1-8). As following constrains we have problems concerning aquatic environment. Water pollution, destruction of sensitive coastal habitats, caused by aquaculture activities sometimes threats to important and irreplaceable natural biodiversity. A balance between food security and the environmental costs of production must be more discussed and attained. In addition to the above mentioned problems, recently the negative impacts caused by global warming on aquaculture, especially mariculture in shallow water zones, are raised and spotlighted everywhere in the world. In recent years some abnormal weather events caused by human-induced global warming like extremely strong storms and heavy rain falls threat aquaculture activities as well. As aquaculture highly depends on local natural resources and conditions the impacts caused by global warming is direct and significant 9). We have to pay more attentions to the global warming from the view point of aquatic bioproduction from now. References 1. T. Yoshimatsu, A. Kalla, T. Araki, D.-M. Zhang, and S. Sakamoto. A preliminary report

16 on the use of Porphyra protoplasts as a live food substitute for culturing aquatic animals. In Aquaculture and stock enhancement of finfish Proceedings of the thirty-fourth U.S.-Japan Aquaculture Panel Symposium, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-85, (2007) 2. T. Yoshimatsu. Current novel research activities in the area of alternative feed ingredients for sustainable aquaculture in Japan. NOAA-USDA Alternative Feeds Initiative at Seattle, NOAA, USA, 4 (2008) 3. A. Kalla, T. Yoshimatsu, T. Araki, D.-M. Zhang, T. Yamamoto, and S. Sakamoto. Utilization of Porphyra spheroplasts as a feed additive for red sea bream. Fisheries Science, 74 (1): , (2008) 4.A. Kalla, T. Yoshimatsu, M. N. D. Khan, J. Higano, T. Araki, and S. Sakamoto. Dietary effect of Porphyra spheroplasts for short-neck clams: a preliminary report. Aquaculture Science, 56 (1):51-56 (2008) 5. N. N. D. Khan, T. Yoshimatsu, A. Kalla, T. Araki, and S. Sakamoto. Supplemental effect of Porphyra spheroplasts on the growth and feed utilization of black sea bream. Fisheries Science, 74 (2): (2008) 6. A. Kalla, T. Yoshimatsu, J. Higano, Y. Umemoto, S. Sakamoto, and T. Araki. Novel diet for short-neck clam by using Porphyra spheroplasts. Aquaculture Science, 56 (3): (2008) 7.M. N. D. Khan, T. Yoshimatsu, A. Kalla, Y. Ishihi, T. Araki and S. Sakamoto. Effect of different particle size of Porphyra spheroplasts diet for short-neck clam. Aquaculture Science, 57 (1): (2009) 8. M. N. D. Khan, T. Yoshimatsu, Y. Umemoto, T. Araki and S. Sakamoto. Effect of oligosaccharide-rich supernatant from Porphyra with enzymatic treatment as a feed additive for black sea bream. Aquaculture Science, 57 (2): (2009) 9. T. Yoshimatsu. Climate change and its impact on aquaculture. AquaNet, 17(2): (2014)In Japanese

17 SP-4 Monitoring on Causes Affecting the Productivity of Flounder in Jeju Island, Korea Yoo Jin-Hyung 1, Lee Kyeong-Jun 2, Kang Bong-Jo 3, Park Tae-Soun 1, Kim Kang-Woong 4, and Han Hyon-Sob 4 1 Korea Cooperative of Grouper Research (KCGR), 2 Jeju National University College of Ocean Sciences, 3 Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, 4 Aquafeed Research Center, NFRDI Background and purpose of this Study: Feeds for fish culture in Korea are moist pellet and extruded pellet and 80% (430,000ton) of feeds consumed in a year is moist pellet. And this fact might cause drastic decrease in fish supply and sea environment contamination. When the extruded pellet takes the place of the percentage of moist pellet, we can expect huge development in fish culture industry and it will contribute to decrease in production cost. In spite of these good contribution, manufacturers tends to avoid promoting and selling the extruded pellet due to the difficulties in production and controlling the right timing in sale. Since 2004, the government kept inducing and encouraging the use of extruded pellet through every aspect including financial aid but it was not that attractive to the manufacturers because of above mentioned reason. The total sale of fluke in Jeju Island is covering 60% of entire country sales and the total production in a year is about 25,000ton. 45 of 300 fish farms are using extruded pellet. This study shows that we selected fish farms in Jeju Island who is using extruded pellet and started to monitor every aspect which contributes to the productivity excluding environmental and nutritional cause. And this study is showing, suggesting information as model fish farm where extruded pellets are consumed. Methods(procedure): We selected 15 fish farm in Jeju Island and monitored all aspect that contributes the productivity for 3 months. As environmental background in the management, we placed the area of land and sea, the duration of the owner s experience in fish cultivation, the engagement in raising fluke of the owner and female supervisor, the existence of manager, the number of employees, total production in a year, total gross sales and total cost in labor. As environmental background in cultivation, we placed the quality of the material of aquatic plant, the color and shape of the aquatic tank, average area of every aquatic tank, the height of the water, the turnover of the water, the percentage of the usage of the underground marine water, the density of cultivation, dissolved oxygen and salinity. As nutritional background of the feeds, the brand/manufacturer, the cost of the feeds, the contained quantity of total energy, the daily frequency of feeding, the daily feeding hours, the existence of water pillow, the usage of nutrition. As background of disease control, we placed mortality rate, bacterial cause, parasite, incidence rate of disease, the status of nutrition studied by blood analysis (Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, ALT, AST, Glucose, Triglyceride, Cholesterol)

18 Result and Discussion: The first phase, the rate of gain weight from the result of frequency analysis against 13 fish farm was 140~150%, livability was 68%~ 97% and feed efficiency was 55%~ 125%. The second phase, as reliability analysis, Cronbach in between dependent variable and independent variable was 0.75~ As the result of Cronbach rarity analysis, for the environmental cause in management, owner s engagement, supervisor and total cost in labor showed positive contribution but the length or duration of the owner s experience was negative in a contribution. As the result of the study in environmental background in cultivation, fry density, the density of fish, and the percentage of the usage of underground marine water showed negative contribution

19 ORAL PRESENTATION 2014 Korea-Japan Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Aquaculture

20 OP-1 Evaluation of Fish Quality for Release in the Hatchery-Reared Tiger Puffer Juveniles Yoshitaka Sakakura 1*, Hikaru Yamane 1, Hideki Yamazaki 2, Kazutaka Sakiyama 3 1 Graduate School of Fisheries Science & Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki , Japan (*correspondence: sakakura@nagasaki-u.ac.jp) 2 National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, Onomichi, Hiroshima , Japan 3 Japan Sea National Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, 1721 Odashukuno, Miyazu, Kyoto, , Japan Tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes is a commercially important fish in Japan. Due to the decline of natural stocks, stock enhancement programs are performed in many prefectures in Japan. There are feasible cases for stock enhancement when hatchery-reared juveniles were released at large size (> ca. 7 cm in standard length; SL). However, releasing small-juveniles (< ca. 5 cm) has resulted in unsatisfactory outcomes. We hypothesized that hatchery-reared juveniles at small body size have low fish quality for release, and that inferior behavioral traits, such as adaptation to tidal flat and utilization of benthic food items, will be the causes of low fish quality. Therefore, we investigated behavioral traits accompanying with body size of hatchery-reared tiger puffer juveniles. We compared the vertical distribution (surface, middle, bottom) of juveniles (3.2±0.2 cm, 4.9±0.2 cm, 6.2±0.3 cm, 9.5±0.5 cm SL) for 3 hours after transfer into control tank (32 psu) and salinity-gradient tank (10-32 psu). Large juveniles (6.2±0.3 cm, 9.5±0.5 cm SL) swam at the surface layer in the salinity-gradient tank (27-89 %) more frequently than the control tank (4-51 %) 1 hour after transfer. We observed settlement behavior of juveniles (5.5±0.3 cm, 10.9±0.7 cm SL) for 6 hours after transfer into different salinities (15, 32 psu) of static or spring-water conditions with sand-covered tank. Settlement rate of small juveniles (5.5±0.3 cm SL) was lower (P<0.0001) than large juveniles (10.9±0.7 cm SL). Spring-water (P<0.01) and 15 psu (P<0.05) stimulated settlement. We conducted predation experiment using puffer juveniles (5.4±0.6 cm, 8.9±1.0 cm SL) and bivalves. Small juveniles preyed on bivalves (42%) less than large juveniles (83%). Therefore, our results demonstrated that that tiger puffer select low salinity (10-16 psu), become benthic and increase their availability of benthic items from over 6 cm in SL. These findings indicated that small hatchery-reared juveniles are in low fish quality release, and we will propose the microhabitat for releasing the small juveniles

21 OP-2 Predator-prey Relationship Among 3 Species (Tiger Puffer, Kuruma Prawn, Short-Neck Clam) for Stock Enhancement Program at Tidal Flat in Japan. Ayumi Yoshida 1, Hikaru Yamane 1, Hideki Yamazaki 2, AtsushiItou 2, Kazutaka Sakiyama 3 and Yoshitaka Sakakura 1* 1 Graduate School of Fisheries Science & Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki , Japan (*correspondence: sakakura@nagasaki-u.ac.jp) 2 National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, Onomichi, Hiroshima , Japan 3 Japan Sea National Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, 1721 Odashukuno, Miyazu, Kyoto, , Japan Hatchery-reared juveniles of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes), kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus) and short-neck clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) are released into the same tidal flat, however, they can be in predator-prey relationship at the nursery area. If this is the case, we need to reconsider a releasing strategy. However, it is unclear whether predator-prey relationship occur among these species. We examined 1) size-related predator-prey relationship between tiger puffer and kuruma prawn (Exp.1), size-related predator-prey relationship between kuruma prawn and short-neck clam (Exp.2), and 3) predator-prey relationships among 3 species (Exp.3). [Methods] Exp.1) One tiger puffer and 10 kuruma prawns were transferred into a tank (43 cm diameter, 30 cm water depth). After 24 hours, we identified SL of kuruma prawn ingested by tiger puffer after collecting survivors of kuruma prawn. Exp.2) One kuruma prawn and 5-10 short-neck clams were transferred into a container. We identified shell-length of short-neck clam ingested by kuruma prawn after collecting short-neck clam survivors after 24 hours. Exp.3) Tiger puffer, kuruma prawn and 2 size classes of short-neck clam (9.0 cm and 3.2 cm shell-length) were transferred into a tank ( cm, 30 cm water depth) and we counted survival individuals twice a day for 5 days. Next, we set 5 partition nets (4 4 m) in a mesocosm, and 3 species were transferred into 3 compartments, and 3 species and black seabreams (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) were transferred into 2 other compartments. We counted survival individuals 5 days later. [Results] Exp.1) Tiger puffer juvenile ( mm SL) preyed on kuruma prawn ( mm SL). Size ratio between prey and predator was %. Tiger puffer preyed on kuruma prawn 25 individuals at maximum in 24 hours. Exp.2) Kuruma prawn ( mm SL) preyed on short-neck clam ( mm shell-length). Size ratio between prey and predator ranged %. The size of second maxilliped of kuruma prawn coincided with the maximum size of ingested clam. Exp.3) Kuruma prawn and short-neck clam survived at 43 % and 69.5 % in the experimental tanks, respectively. In the mesocosm, short-neck clam (3.2 mm shell-length) greatly decreased in 3 species mixed experiment. On

22 the other hand, kuruma prawn greatly decreased and short-neck clam (3.2 mm shell-length) survived when 3 species and black seabreams coexisted

23 OP-3 In vitro Cyst Formation of Azumiobodo hoyamushi, the Causative Agent of the Soft Tunic Syndrome in the Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi Ki-Woong Nam 1, Yun-Kyung Shin 2, Kyung-Il Park 1 1 Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehakno, Gunsan , Korea 2 National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan , Korea Ascidians (Halocynthia roretzi) are commercially important edible species in Korea. However, mass mortality of the species has occurred in spring and early summer on the southern coast of Korea for the last several decades. This mortality is characterized by softening the tunics of ascidians, leading to having its name as soft tunic syndrome (STS). Our recent studies demonstrated that STS is caused by the kinetoplastid flagellate Azumiobodo hoyamushi, and this species consist of flagellate and cyst stages during infection in its host. Accordingly, the present study tried to figure out the water conditions for in vitro formation of cyst. For this, in vitro cultivated slender A. hoyamushi with long flagella were exposed to various concentrations of DO, ph, temperatures, NO (nitric oxide), KH (carbonate hardness), GH (general hardness), Cl 2, ECP (extra cellular products of A. hoyamushi) over 10 days. Formation of cysts were categorized into 4 stages including 1st stage (slender body shape with long flagella), 2 nd stage (oval body shape with vacuole and long flagella), 3 rd stage (round body shape with vacuole and short flagella) and 4 th stage (round body shape with vacuole and no flagella). Among these investigation items, flagellates exposed to media with various DO concentrations ranging from 4.0 mg/l to 5.7 mg/l showed higher cysts formation rates in the lower DO concentrations than higher DO concentrations, suggesting that hypoxia stimulates formation of cysts. To confirm the role of DO in cyst formation, oxygen in culture medium were removed by autoclave (DO, 4.8 mg/l) then one group was agitated with oxygen (DO, 7.8 mg/l), and flagellates in 1 st stage were exposed to two different DO concentrations. In this experiment, over 46.6% of flagellates transformed to 2 nd stage of cyst within 6 hours, and 74.8% of cells become 4 th stage within 24 hours. Thus, our study confirms that transformation of A. hoyamushi flagellates into cysts is induced by hypoxia in ascidian tunics during decomposition of the tunic tissues. At present, excystation of the pathogen is under investigation and these study may provide useful information on understating the life cycle and etiology of the pathogen

24 OP-4 Growth and Survival Rate of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicas Feeding by Fermented Fecal Solid Diets from Fish Farm Feng Jin 1, U-Cheol Jeong 1, Ga-Hyun Kang 1, Jong-Kuk Choi 1, Byeong-Dae Choi 2 and Seok-Joong Kang 1* 1 Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, 2 Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong , Korea *Corresponding author: sjkang@gnu.ac.kr Fecal solids, emitted by the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), mainly consist of secretion waste and uneaten feed. Since the fecal solids from RAS the have high contents of organic matters and salt, they are not allowed of treating at the general urban waste water treatment plant or sea disposal. Growth rate of the sea cucumber fed on the fecal solid-based feed was only 71% of the growth rate of the sea cucumber fed on the general feed (Jin et al., 2014). According to previous study we formulated the fecal solids from the rainbow trout farming as the feed for the sea cucumber and compared it with the commercial sea cucumber's feed. The purpose of this study is to improve the utilization of the fecal solids from fish farm as sea cucumber feed. The sea cucumber feeding experiment divided into three treatments, fermented fecal solid, unfermented fecal solid and commercial feed diets. The unformulated fecal solid treatment was prepared by mixing rainbow trout fecal solid, 20% soybean meal and rice brand to keep the moisture. The fermented fecal solid prepared by fermented the mixture by four phase fermentation use Lactococcus lactis IFO 12007, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis GSK 3580 and Schizochytrium mangrovei GNU226. Commercial sea cucumber feed was used as a control treatment. All of the formulated feed were processed into pellet with size of 450μm. The average weight of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) have been used in the experiment was 11.5g. Twenty sea cucumber have been used for each experiment farm in the temperature 16±0.5 and salinity was 32±0.5psu. All the experiment were carried out three times. After 90 days treatment, data showed all of the group treatment have 100% survival rate. The growth rate of fermented feed treatment and commercial feed treatment were 56.0±4.5g and 55.4±3.7g respectively. The data showed unsignificant different rate, but showed significantly different data with unfermented feed treatment (25.3±6.2g). This research showed the improvement of the utilization of fecal solid from fish farm as sea cucumber renewable feed resource can be done by fermentation process

25 OP-5 A Marked Decline of Seaweed Populations in Western Japan Kazuyoshi Kuwano Graduate School of Fisheries Science & Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki , Japan (kkuwano@nagasaki-u.ac.jp) Seaweed populations consisting of large phaeophytes such as Ecklonia, Eisenia and Sargassum are markedly declining in western Japan. Our survey during in the Kamae bay, Oita prefecture, Japan, revealed that the population of Ecklonia cava at the sites of relatively fast tidal currents disappeared. Although small populations of E. cava still remained in the Kamae bay, the plants remarkably decayed in summer to late autumn. Their blades had many holes on the upper part, and many microscopic wounds due to the decay of cortical cells spread on the whole surface of the blades. The damage on the blade surface directly exposed to tidal currents was severer than that on the opposite surface. These observations suggest that some suspended solids cause damage to E. cava. There are many fish farms in the Kamae coast, and the waste feed discharged from these fish farms is thought to be major pollutants there. Fish pellet is enriched with feed oil containing highly unsaturated fatty acids, which easily convert into toxic substances (lipid peroxides). Therefore, our group carried out an experiment to demonstrate the toxicity of lipid peroxides to E. cava. When a cotton patch containing denatured oil (methyl linoleate) was attached to the blade surface of the plants growing in the sea, the cortical cells in contact with the patch had lethal damage in 2 hours. The effect of fish pellet was examined using laboratory cultures of Eisenia bicyclis, taxonomically close to E. cava. The young thalli were cultured for 4 weeks in a 2 L flat-bottom flask containing an enriched seawater medium with gentle bubbling by filter-sterilized air and with continuous addition of the growth medium at a rate of 2000 ml/day and % fish pellet suspension at a rate of 60 ml/day. The growth of E. bicyclis was remarkably inhibited by the addition of fish pellet suspension at all tested concentrations, and many cortical cells were bleached and formed spots like as wounds found on the blades of E. cava growing in the Kamae bay

26 OP-6 Effects of Dietary Multi Species Probiotics Supplementation on Growth Performances, Immune and Hematological Characteristics in Juvenile Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Youngjin Park 1, Hyeonho Yun 1, Seunghan Lee 1, Jeonghoon Im 2, Geon Lee 3, Daegyun Ko 3 and Sungchul C. Bai 1 * 1 Dept. of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / Feeds and Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong Nat l University, Busan, Korea 2 Dept. of Enviromental Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea 3 Dong Chang Co., Ltd, Busan, Korea This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of two different multi probiotics on the growth performance and immune responses in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Four isonitrogenous and isocalroric experimental diets comprising of control(cont), two different multi probiotics(clostridium butyricum + Bacillus licheniformis + Bacillus subtilis ; MP 1, 10 8 cfu kg -1 and Bacillus licheniformis + Bacillus subtilis + Paenibacillus polymyxa + Aspergillus oryzae + Sacchromyces cerevisiae ; MP 2, 10 8 cfu kg -1 ) and oxytetracycline(otc) were formulated. Twenty fish averaging 5.2 ± 0.5g(Mean±SD) were randomly distributed in each of 12 tanks in quadriplates were fed one of the four experimental diets at 3~3.5% body weight per day for 8 weeks reared in semi-recirculating system. At the end of the feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate from fish fed MP 2 diet were significantly higher than those from fish fed Cont diet (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant difference among fish fed OTC, MP 1 and MP 2 diet. SOD activities from fish fed MP 1 and MP 2 diet were significantly higher than those from fish fed Cont diet (P < 0.05). Whereas, Lysozyme activities from fish fed OTC, MP 1 and MP 2 diet were significantly higher than those from fish fed Cont diet (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results indicated that, dietary MP 2 at 10 8 cfu kg -1 could be used as an alternative of dietary antibiotics to improve the growth, immune responses and disease resistance without any adverse effects on the hematological characteristics in rainbow trout

27 POSTER PRESENTATION 2014 Korea-Japan Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Aquaculture

28 PP-01 Forensic Characterization of Fourteen Microsatellite Loci in Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) Yong Teak Sim and Chul-Sang Lee Department of Biology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, The allele frequencies and forensic parameters of 14 microsatellite loci (AH075, AH204, AH025, AH198, AJ19270, AH028, AJ03, AJ78245, AJ08658, Psj2575, Psj2409, AJ14707, AJ19024 and AH144) were analyzed in a sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) population of 287 unrelated individuals. At each locus, 16, 33, 14, 14, 18, 21, 11, 18, 8, 12, 15, 4 or 33 alleles were identified. Twelve loci of them (AH075, AH025, AH198, AJ19270, AH028, AJ03, AJ78245, AJ08658, Psj2575, Psj2409, AJ14707 and AJ19024) were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05). Their polymorphism information contents (PIC) were between 0.59 to 0.95, which means that all these loci are highly informative (PIC > 0.5). Their discrimination power (PD) and probability of exclusion (PE) values ranged from 0.81 to 0.99 and from 0.20 to 0.76, respectively. Their combined matching probability was These favorable parameters demonstrated that these 14 microsatellite loci would be useful for biological tracing and individual identification in sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus)

29 PP-02 Food Organisms of Juveniles of Chasmichthys stigmatias in Habited at Intertidal Zone of the Western Coast of Korea Jong-Yeon Kim 1 and Jong-Man Yoon 2 1 Dept. of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan , Korea 2 Dept. of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan , Korea Objective of This Study : Gobiidae being calculated that about 2,000 species are ranging in all over the world, is occupying very important location in nutrition rank of the ecosystem in coastal district and inside bay. The C. stigmatias of them is the small fish that live in the bottom, distributed much between on the shore tide pool and sunken rock in our country. In this research, distribute widely to western sea district along the coast intertidal zone, the feeding participation rate in the juveniles stage of C. stigmatias that is occupying ecologically important location was examined, and the kind and composition of food, the change of food according to the fish size, were examined from stomach contents. Methods : Fish fixed in neutral formalin solution 5% as soon as collect, and size of fish measured total length to 0.1 mm by standard. In order to investigate the appearance aspect of food organisms, the weight change of stomach contents was found going through fullness of stomach. Also, fish size groups particularly, the dry weight ratio of each food organisms for whole stomach content was measured. Participation rate of feeding calculated as the rate of juveniles that feed food about numbers of total individuals. The appearance rate of food organisms was examined from the number of juveniles that each food organisms appears. To recognize the importance degree of each food organisms, multiplying the number composition of individuals of food organisms and the appearance rate, calculated the index of relative importance. Results & Discussion : To investigate the food organisms of the Chasmichthys stigmatias during the juveniles stage, the stomach contents of fish, captured in the intertidal zone of Chungchong- nam-do Sochon-gun Su-myon Dodun-ri between on early July from end of June 2013, were observed. Total length of the juveniles of C. stigmatias was 5.0 mm ~8.5 mm size, and the participation rate of feeding was 74.3%. Main food organisms were such as copepods, decapods, polychaete larvae, amphipods and these occupied more than dry weight 4.3%. Copepods among them dominated the most quantities by average 60.5%, and next, food organisms appeared much by order of decapods, polychaete larvae and amphipods etc.. Therefore, most important food organisms of juvenile stage of C. stigmatias were copepods, decapods, polychaete larvae, amphipods etc

30 PP-03 Genetic Distance of Three Clupeid Species Identified by PCR Analysis Dae-Hyun Kim 1, Jong-Yeon Kim 2 and Jong-ManYoon 1 1 Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan , Korea 2 Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan , Korea 1. The fish is native to some parts of the southern regions of the Yellow Sea. The authors have investigated three species of Clupeidae such as herring (Clupea pallasii), Korean anchovy (Coilia nasus) and large-eyed herring (Harengula zunashi), belonging to the order Clupeiformes. Fishes are the most popular marine products in Korea because of their taste and nutritional value, and Koreans consume them in large quantities. Especially, Korean anchovy and large-eyed herring are widely distributed in the entirety of brackish-water habitats and seawater areas of the West Sea in the Korean Peninsula. However, these species of clupeid, which are acknowledged important physiologically, ecologically as well as biologically, are not genetically studied or researched like other finfishes in Korea. During the last two decades, environmental contamination and various environmental disruptions by industries and city sewage, have threatened the coastal fisheries, and then reduction of individual number of this fish is an increasing trend in the 2000s. In the present study, to explicate the genetic distances and differences among three clupeid species, the authors accomplished a clustering analysis of herring, Korean anchovy and large-eyed herring population from the Yellow Sea. Muscle tissues were obtained separately from individuals of three clupeid species such as herring, Korean anchovy and large-eyed herring population from the Yellow Sea, respectively. Three species of fish muscle was collected in sterile tubes, placed on ice immediately, and stored under refrigeration until needed. Genomic DNA was extracted and purified under the conditions described previously (Yoon and Kim, 2003). The DNA pellets were incubation-dried for 2 hrs, held at -40 until analysis, and then dissolved in the TE buffer (10 mm Tris-HCl, ph 8.0; 1 mm EDTA). The concentrations of the extracted genomic DNA samples were estimated based on the absorbance at 260 nm by a spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, Buckinghamshire, UK). Seven primers were shown to generate the shared loci, specific loci, unique shared loci to each species and shared loci by the three species which could be obviously scored. Euclidean genetic distances within- and between-species were also calculated by complete linkage method with the help of the hierarchical dendrogram program Systat version 13. The genomic DNA isolated from herring (C. pallasii), Korean anchovy (C. nasus) and large-eyed herring (H. zunashi) in the Yellow Sea, were amplified several times by PCR reaction. The hierarchical dendrogram indicates three main branches: cluster 1 (PALLASII 01, 02, 03, 04, 06 and 07), cluster 2 (NASUS 08, 09, 10 and 11), and cluster

31 (NASUS 12, 13 and 14, ZUNASHI 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, PALLASII 05). The genetic distance among the three clupeid species ranged from to In three clupeid species, the shortest genetic distance displaying significant molecular difference was between individual PALLASII no. 03 and PALLASII no. 02 (0.018). In the long run, individual no. 05 of the PALLASII herring was most distantly related to PALLASII no. 06 (genetic distance = 0.318). DNA fragments identified in this study may be useful as a DNA marker. From what has been said above, the potential of genetic analysis to identify diagnostic markers for the identification of three clupeid species has been demonstrated (McCormack et al. 2000). Key words: Clupeid, Clupea nasus, Clupea pallasii, Euclidean genetic distance, Harengula zunashi. References McCormack, G. C., R. Powell, and B. Keegan Comparative analysis of two populations of the brittle star Amphiura filiformis (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidae) with different life history strategies using RAPD markers. Marine Biotechnology 2: Yoon, J. M. and G. W. Kim Genetic differences between cultured and wild penaeid shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) populations analysed by RAPD-PCR. Korean Journal of Genetics 25:

32 PP-04 High Throughput Sequencing Enables Discovery of Microsatellite Markers for the Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Masu Salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) Jeong-Nam Yu 1, Seung-Ho Choi 2, Seon-Man Kweon 1, Sang Ki Kim 5, Deuk-Hee Jin 3, Gill-Seon Kim 4 and Soonok Kim 1 1 National Institute of Biological Resources, 2 The Korean Association for Conservation of Freshwater Fish, 3 Gangneung-Wonju National University, 4 River Development Project Agency of Samcheok-Si, 5 Kyungpook National University Background & Objective Masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou masou (Brevoort), is endemic to the Far East, ranging from the southwestern Kamchatka Peninsula, southward to Sakhalin, Hokkaido, western Honshu, and extending from Primorye region to Korean Peninsula. Masu salmon is important as a game-fish and food-fish. Therefore, hatchery programs have been carried out to release artificially obtained fry from eggs of the limited spawning groups, which will cause decreased genetic diversity of subsequent breeding groups, possibly affecting genetic structure of natural breeding groups. The genetic variations of wild and cultured masu salmon populations must be characterized to effectively manage and conserve their diversity. In this study, we developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers using NGS technology for masu salmon to aid in biodiversity conservation and stock management. Materials & Methods We used 64 specimens of O.masou from wild and hatchery populations. Wild specimens were collected from the DMZ of Korea and the Vladivostok of Russia. Also, we used 19 hatchery samples from River Development Project Agency of Samcheok-Si in Gangwon province. DNA prepared for the NGS was pooled from four fresh specimens of O.masou for the sequencing of 1/8 plate on the Roche 454 Genome Sequencer FLX Titanium platform at NICEM (Seoul, South Korea). The results of the microsatellite profiles were examined using the GeneMarker program (version 2.40, Softgenetics LLC) and peaks were scored by eye and hand. Basic result was calculated using ARLEQUIN version 3.1, GENEPOP version 3.4, FSTAT version and MICRO-CHECKER v programs. Results & Discussion A total of 40 primer sets containing at least eight dinucleotide or trinucleotide repeats were randomly selected out of 2,032 repeat regions. Among these, eleven primer sets (27.5 %) showing clear amplification of polymorphic loci were used for genotype analysis with 64 individuals from two wild and one hatchery populations. These microsatellite markers produced 106 alleles, varying from 2 to 9 alleles per locus in 64 individuals. Observed and

33 expected heterozygosities ranged from to 0.947, and to 0.865, respectively. Significant departures from HWE were detected for three populations in loci OMM11, OMM17, OMM28 and OMM33. The estimator of population differentiation F ST ranged from to All pairwise F ST values were highly significant between wild and hatchery population (P=0.0000). These results demonstrate identification of a robust set of microsatellite markers suitable for bio-geographic and population structure analysis of O. masou

34 PP-05 Development of Novel Microsatellite Markers from Manchurian Trout, Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, an Endangered Species in Korea Jeong-Nam Yu, Soonok Kim and Chae Eun Lim National Institute of Biological Resources Background & Objective : The Manchurian trout (Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis), a freshwater resident salmonid, has been drastically reduced mainly due to overfishing, habitat loss and poaching in Korea, and being classified as an endangered species by the Red List Committee of Korea. For conservation and recovery of this species through appropriate measures, genetic evaluations on the populations are necessary. We developed microsatellite markers using Next Generation Sequencing technique to assess the genetic diversity of B. lenok tsinlingensis. Materials & Methods We used 64 specimens of O.masou from wild and hatchery populations. Wild specimens were collected from the DMZ of Korea and the Vladivostok of Russia. Also, we used 19 hatchery samples from River Development Project Agency of Samcheok-Si in Gangwon province. DNA prepared for the NGS was pooled from four fresh specimens of O.masou for the sequencing of 1/8 plate on the Roche 454 Genome Sequencer FLX Titanium platform at NICEM (Seoul, South Korea). The results of the microsatellite profiles were examined using the GeneMarker program (version 2.40, Softgenetics LLC) and peaks were scored by eye and hand. Basic result was calculated using ARLEQUIN version 3.1, GENEPOP version 3.4, FSTAT version and MICRO-CHECKER v programs. Results & Discussion : Among one hundred primer sets tested, twenty one markers were successfully genotyped using 30 samples from 2 tributaries (BA and DMZ) of the Han River. These new markers produced 102 alleles, varying from 2 to 9 alleles per locus in each tributary. No significant deviation from HWE or linkage disequilibrium in marker-pair/population was observed between markers, except for BleDi55. These markers will be valuable tools to conservation genetics of this species across its distributional ranges

35 PP-06 Effects of Dietary Sea Mud on Growth of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Stichopus japonicus Kyoung-Duck Kim 1*, Hyon-Sob Han 1, Kang-Woong Kim 1, Bong-Joo Lee 1, Sung-Sam Kim 1, Ki-Min Bae 1, Kie-Young Park 2 and O-Nam Kwon 3 1 Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute 2 Department of Marine Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University 3 East Coast Life Science Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sea mud on growth of juvenile sea cucumber. In experiment 1, three experimental diets containing sea mud at the level of 0, 30 and 60% were prepared. After feeding trial for 7 weeks, survival was not significantly different among groups. Final mean weight of sea cucumber fed the experimental diet without sea mud supplementation was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the diet containing 30 and 60% sea mud. In experiment 2, three experimental diets containing sea mud at the levels of 0, 15 and 30% were prepared. After feeding trial for 17 weeks, survival was not significantly different among groups. Final mean weight of sea cucumber fed the diet without sea mud supplementation was not significantly different from that of 15%, but was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the diet containing 30% sea mud. It was concluded that dietary inclusion of sea mud more than 15% may inhibit growth of juvenile sea cucumber

36 PP-07 Mercury Accumulation Originated from Sword Fish By-product in Tissues of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and Its Excretion Bong-Joo Lee *, Jin-Hyeok Lee, Kang-Woong Kim, Kyoung-Duck Kim, Hyon-Sob Han and Sung-Sam Kim Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute Mercury (Hg) has been considered as one of the concerns in seafood for human consumption, due to its toxicity. It is likely to be bioaccumlated through food chain. Thus, mercury levels are highly related to position of food web (predators), and longevity. No information, however, is available on mercury accumulation and excretion in farm fish fed moist pellets made from predator's by-products. The purpose of this study is to monitor mercury accumulation and its excretion in tissues of marketable size olive flounder fed moist pellets. Two experimental diets (three replicates of 40 fish/tank) were prepared with rawfish or swordfish by-product by a conventional pelleting method in domestic flounder farm. Hg concentration of swordfish by-products were 5-10 fold higher than extruded pellet, and rawfish. After 107 days of feeding trial, no significant differences were observed in growth performance between dietary groups. Hg were accumulated in the fish bodies of both rawfish and swordfish groups. Especially, Hg level of the fish fed swordfish by-product were 6-10 folds higher than those fed rawfish reflecting dietary levels of Hg. Visceral tissue were most highly accumulated followed by gonad, liver, and dorsal muscle. In blood, Hg was predominant in corpuscle in comparison to the level in plasma. After post feeding to both groups with extruded pellets (commercial diet) for another 55 days, hematal Hg was voluntarily excreted. Over 50 % of Hg was decreased in both plasma and corpuscle. The major findings of this study were that feeding moist pellets made from swordfish by-product may induce Hg accumulation in tissue of olive flounder, especially in edible part (muscle, 1 ppm). It may require a regulating action that restrict the use of feed sources for aquatic animals. We suggest that feeding commercial diets may decrease Hg level down to the threshold level of food safety, since those pernicious chemicals in commercial diets are being monitored by Control of Livestock and Fish Feed Act

37 PP-08 Evaluation of Experimental Practical Feed for Juvenile Sea Cucumber Stichopus japonicus Kyoung-Duck Kim, Ki-Min Bae, Hyon-Sob Han, Kang-Woong Kim, Bong-Joo Lee and Sung-Sam Kim Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute This study was conducted to evaluate seven experimental diets as a juvenile sea cucumber diet in comparison to commercial diets (control). Soybean meal, corn gluten meal, Sargassum thunbergii, Undaria, Laminaria, sea mud, yeast, shell powder and wheat flour were used as main feed ingredients for experimental diets. All ingredients were mixed and then ground at the particle size of below 250. Feeding trials for juvenile sea cucumber were conducted for 28 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among groups ranging between 85 and 95%. Final mean weight of sea cucumber fed the diet containing Sargassum thunbergii, Undaria and Laminaria powder was higher than that of the other diets. It is concluded that diet composition used in the current study can be applied to the practical diet composition for juvenile sea cucumber

38 PP-09 Anti-Fatigue Activity of Korean Bullhead (Pseudobagrus fulvidraco) Extract for Improving Exercise Performance in Mice Dicky Harwanto 1,2, Gong-Hyeon Lee 1 and Yong-Ki Hong 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea 2 Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Intense exercise can lead to the production and accumulation of excess reactive free radicals. It results in oxidation stress injury to the body. Several studies have shown that exogenous anti-oxidants can reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-fatigue activities of Korean Bullhead (Pseudobagrus fulvidraco) extract in an animal model by the forced grip test. Glucose (Glu), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (T-Cho), triglyceride (TG), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), HDL cholesterol (H-Cho), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were evaluated. Sixteen ICR mice with avg. weigh 32 g were divided into 2 groups consisting of 8 mice each. Mice in group I were orally administered with normal saline 0.9 mg/l (NS) as a control, and groups II was orally administered with Korean Bullhead (KB) extract. The NS or KB was given once a day for 7 days each in the same dose 1 µl/g BW. Grip strength was measured 3 times per day. The force strength grip (FSG) of KB (1.3 g) was higher than NS (1.0 g). The Glu, LDH and GPx in KB (10.9 mmol/l; 2,234.8 U/L and mu/ml, respectively) were higher comparing to those in NS group (4.9 mmol/l; 1,177.2 U/L and mu/ml, respectively). Meanwhile, BUN, TG, and T-Cho in KB (2.9 mmol/l; 0.9 mmol/l and 2.9 mmol/l, respectively) were lower than those in NS group (4.0 mmol/l; 1.3 mmol/l and 4.0 mmol/l, respectively) The FSG led to decrease in serum glucose and LDH. Energy for exercise is derived initially from the breakdown of glycogen and LDH has been converted to lactic acid. On other hand, BUN was increased since BUN is the metabolic outcome of protein and amino acid. These results showed that the KBH treatment could illuminate the release of glucose from tissue glycogen, LDH for energy recovery, and inhibit BUN deposition after exercise. The KB extract also could improve the efficiency of the antioxidant enzymatic systems

39 PP-10 Effects of Soft-shelled Turtle (Trionyx sinensis) Extract for Anti-fatigue in Mice Gong-Hyeon Lee 1, Dicky Harwanto 1,2 and Yong-Ki Hong 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea 2 Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Fatigue accelerates the obviously vascular structural changes and development of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is thought to play an important role in the etiology of fatigue, and antioxidant treatment might be a valuable therapeutic approach. This study was arranged to evaluate the anti-fatigue activities of soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis) extracts in an animal model. Glucose (Glu), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (T-Cho), triglyceride (TG), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), HDL cholesterol (H-Cho), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were investigated. Sixteen ICR mice (avg. weigh 32 g) were divided into 2 groups, equally. Mice in group I was orally administered with normal saline 0.9 mg/l (NS) as a control, and in groups II was orally administered with Soft-shelled Turtle (ST) extract. The NS or ST was given once a day for 7 days each in the same dose 1 µl/g BW. Grip strength was measured 3 times per day. The force strength grip (FSG) of ST (1.2 g) was higher than NS (1.0 g) in final study. The Glu, LDH and GPx in ST (9.9 mmol/l; 1,674.2 U/L and mu/ml, respectively) were higher comparing to those in NS group (4.9 mmol/l; 1,177.2 U/L and mu/ml, respectively). Meanwhile, the BUN, TG, and T-Cho in ST (3.5 mmol/l; 0.8 mmol/l and 1.9 mmol/l, respectively) were lower than those in NS group (4.0 mmol/l; 1.3 mmol/l and 4.0 mmol/l, respectively). The FSG caused decreasing in serum glucose and LDH. Energy is derived from the breakdown of glycogen. The LDH was changed to lactic acid. Meanwhile, BUN as the metabolic outcome of protein and amino acid, was accumulated. This study observed that the ST extract could reduce the release of glucose from tissue glycogen and LDH for energy recovery and minimized BUN deposition after exercise. Efficiency of antioxidant enzymatic systems are also increased by ST treatment

40 PP-11 미꾸리 (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) 인공종묘생산기술개발에 관한연구 이동훈 이상우 김달영 서성문 홍석우 경기도해양수산자원연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 최근국내미꾸리류의생산현황은어로어업과양식어업을포함약생산량 600톤규모에생산금액은 65억원내외수준이다 ( 해양수산부, 2013). 미꾸라지양식은 1990년대부터자연산치어를활용하여양식하기시작하였으나중국의값싼미꾸라지의대량수입으로양식용치어생산기술개발의필요성이크게부각되지않았다. 그러나 2008년부터검역절차가강화됨과동시에중국의미꾸라지자원감소및자국내소비확대로수입량이감소되기시작하였다. 미꾸리류에관한연구는종묘생산시험 (Bai, 1979), 산란유도시험 (Kim et al., 1992), 양식을위한연구와유전육종에관한다양한연구 (Kim and Nam, 1994; Kim et al., 1994; Kim et al., 1995; Lim et al., 1996, Nam et al., 1999) 및친환경논생태양식기술개발 (NFRDI, 2013) 등이이루어져왔다. 그러나, 미꾸리류에대한육상수조식양식방법으로수정란에서부터식용어까지의크기로성장시키는자료는전무한실정이다. 본시험에서연구목적은육상수조완전양식기술개발을위해체계적인양식매뉴얼을확립하는데있다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 미꾸리친어는전라북도완주군소재민물고기판매상을통해총 3회에걸쳐구입후, 인공종묘생산에사용되었다. 미꾸리친어 1g당 HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, 태반성성선자극호르몬 ) 6~10 IU 범위로주사하였다. 주사방법은복강주사 (100마리) 및등근육주사 (100마리) 방법모두사용하였고별도분리수용되었다. 미꾸리암 수로부터얻어진난과정소는물기가없는용기에서수정작업이이루어졌다. 용기에수집된난위로정소를분쇄하여뿌린후등조액 ( 물 80 % : 0.9 % 생리식염수 20%) 을섞어수정시켰으며 2~3회세척한후부화지에수용되었다. 부화수온은 3회시험기간동안일정한수온 (22±1, 23±1, 25±1 ) 으로유지되었으며, 36 h부터부화되기시작하여 48 h에부화완료하였다. 부화자어의먹이는초기알테미아급여 (20일) 후냉동코페포다 (8일) 및배합사료 (20일) 를급여하였다. 결과및고찰 : 미꾸리집단에대하여등근육및복강내호르몬주사를각 100마리씩처리한결과산란유도된마리수는등근육부위가 56마리였고, 복강내주사가 58마리로유의한차이를나타내지못했다. 3차에걸친시험결과를종합으로고려할때미꾸리자어의부화는수온이높을수록부화시간이단축되었으며, 25 인근까지부화율에는큰영향을미치지않을것으로보인다. 또한월별로비교시 7월시험에서호르몬처리후산란한마리수가가장많았으며 5월과 8월에는 7월에비해저조하였다. 6월에종묘생산결과가없어단정지을수없으나아마도미꾸리의최적생산시기는 6~7월으로추측된다. 치어의초기생존율은밀도에가장큰영향을받는것으로보이며 3차인

41 공종묘생산시저밀도로사육한결과생존율이크게향상되었다. 추가적으로염분을 1ppt 부근으로유지하였는데이러한결과는먹이인알테미아의생존시기를높이고, 수질의안정화 ( 아질산저감효과 ) 를유지하여자어생존에영향을미쳤을것이라사료된다

42 PP-12 황쏘가리암컷을이용한쏘가리체색발현교배실험 김달영 전민지 김수현 이상우 홍석우 경기도해양수산자원연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 황쏘가리는한강에서처음발견되어 1967년천연기념물제 190호로지정되어보호되고있는데발견당시황쏘가리는측선린수, 체색등이쏘가리와달라한국미기록종으로기록하였으나 ( 정, 1977), 정확한종의한계를나타내지못하여별종의여부에대한논란이계속되었다 ( 김과강, 1993; 전, 1986; 정, 1977) 년이후쏘가리인공종묘생산기술이발전하면서쏘가리와황쏘가리의교배실험이진행되었으며, 결과적으로쏘가리와황쏘가리는외부형태, 염색체, 교배실험에서모두동일종인것으로밝혀졌다 (lee et.al.,1997). 본연구는황쏘가리와쏘가리의교배를통한체색발현실험으로황쏘가리체색발현의유전적경향을알아보고자실험을진행하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 쏘가리친어는 2008년부터경기도해양수산자원연구소원형수조 ( 6m) 에서암컷집단 1개수조, 수컷집단 1개수조에선별하여계속해서사육관리된개체로체중 375g과 520g의수컷 2마리와 524g과 740g의암컷을선별하였고, 황쏘가리친어는 2010년부터경기도해양수산자원연구소생태학습관전시수조에전시중인황쏘가리개체중체중 342g 암컷 1마리와 250g과 381g의수컷 2마리를선별하였다. 각각의선별된개체들은 PVC수조 (2m 0.8m H0.3m) 2개에암컷과수컷으로구분하여수용하였고, 다음날인 2014년 5월 14일 09시경쏘가리암컷과황쏘가리암컷에 LHRH-a 15μg +HCG 3000IU/Kg 호르몬을 1cc 주사기로등근육에주사하여, 30시간경과후친어의성숙을관찰하여인공채란을실시하였다. 채란된쏘가리알은쏘가리수컷을채정하여건식법으로인공수정하였고, 황쏘가리알은전체를 ½로나누어쏘가리수컷과황쏘가리수컷으로각각채정하여건식법으로인공수정하였다. 각각의방법으로수정된쏘가리수정난은병부화기에수용하여부화시까지관리하였다. 부화한치어는각각수용하여잉어의자치어를급여하여사육하였다. 부화후 30일째인 2014년 6 월 18일부터부화후 80일쩨인 8월 7일까지 10일간격으로치어의성장도를측정하기위해각각의수조에서무작위로쏘가리치어 10마리를포획하여마취후전장, 체중을측정하였다. 황쏘가리체색발현조사는부화후 50일째부터각각의쏘가리치어수조에서사육중인치어전부를포획하여체색발현정도에따라황쏘가리, 쏘가리, 얼룩 ( 황색으로체색이변환중인개체 ) 으로기록하여조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 쏘가리암컷과쏘가리수컷의교배로는황쏘가리가나타나지않으며, 황쏘가리암컷과쏘가리수컷의교배에의한실험구가황쏘가리암컷과수컷을교배한실험구보다황쏘가리체색이발현된개체가더많이생산되는것을확인할수있었다. 또한부화후 80일까지도쏘가리의체색이얼룩을거쳐황쏘가리체색으로변

43 한다는것도확인할수있었다. 앞으로황쏘가리체색발현기구를밝히고체색발현에 관계하는유전적인원인에관한연구가지속적으로수행되어야할것으로생각된다

44 PP-13 멸종위기어류꾸구리 Gobiobotia macrocephala (Pisces: Cyprinidae) 종묘생산기술연구 한정조 1 조기택 1 안태영 1 최지성 1 홍성열 2 이상우 1 홍석우 1 1 경기도해양수산자원연구소, 2 국립해양생물자원관건립추진기획단 연구의배경및목적 : 우리나라에서식하는담수어류는 39과 213종이고이중고유종이 64종 (30%) 으로고유종의비중이높고, 멸종위협이있는어류를보호하기위해 1996년 12종, 2005년 18종, 2012년 25종을멸종위기종으로지정하여보호하고있다. 특히 2005 야생동 식물보호법시행규칙개정으로꾸구리가지정되었다. 잉어목, 잉어과, 모래무지아과, 꾸구리 (Gobiobotia) 속인꾸구리는경기도지역에서는임진강 ( 군남댐하류 ), 남한강 ( 여주강천, 이포 ), 섬강에극히일부지점에만서식하는것으로알려져있다. 본연구에서는꾸구리를이용한치어생산방법을통해꾸구리복원사업과치어부터친어까지완전양식을할수있도록산업화의기초자료로활용하고자하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 시험어채집은원주지방환경청으로부터포획채취허가를받은후섬강에서채집하였다. 족대를사용하여 20마리를채집하여시험에사용하였다. 시험어는 MS-222로마취한뒤, Ovaprim 호르몬을암컷은 0.5ml /1kg농도로수컷은 0.25ml /1kg농도로주사하였다. 주사후 10시간부터복부압박법으로패트리디쉬에채란하여건식법을이용하여수정하였다. 난발생과정은정립현미경하에서관찰, 촬영을하였다. 부화후사육수온은 25±0.1 로하고로알테미아, 물벼룩, 실지렁이, 배합사료순으로사료를공급하였다. 한강유역환경청에멸종위기야생생물인꾸구리치어 1,000마리인공증식증명서를발급받고치어방류전염병검사를경기도해양수산자원연구소병성감정실시기관에의뢰하였다. 한강유역환경청에방사허가를받은후흑천에방류하였다. 결과및고찰 : 시험어채집시수질은수온 15.6, 용존산소 11.7mg /l, ph 7.8, 전기전도도 228μS이었고, 성숙한암컷은수컷에비해체장, 체폭, 체고가크고배가볼록하였다. `14년자연산란최적시기는 4월 4일 ~ 4월 8일로박명시간은 13:35~13:45 이고, 벚꽃이만개되기 7일전이꾸구리채란최적기이었다. 양식산친어는약 1개월늦은 5월초 ~5월중순이최적산란기이었다. 암컷은주사후 6~10시간이내에는자연산란, 수정되었고복부압박채란은 12±0.5시간에대부분성공하였다. 채란된난은연한녹색과흰색으로메기의난보다는매우옅었다. 부화시간은수온 24.5±0.1 에서 85 시간이소요되고난경 0.87mm, 산란량 1,402개, 부화크기4.5mm이었다. 자치어의사육수온은 25.0±0.1, DO 5.45±0.75 ph 7.37±0.68 등이었고부화후 16일 (13.2±0.9mm), 27일 (15.6±1.3mm), 42일 (17.6±2.2mm), 61일 (21.7±1.9mm), 83일 (27.1±1.7mm), 108일 ( 33.8±2.1mm ) 이었다. 치어방류전염병검사결과 KHV, SVC가불검출되어양평군소재흑천에 1,000마리를시험방류 ( ) 하였다. 서식지보존을위해수질모니터링, 하천정비공사시친환경공법을적용하여자연여울이많이생겨지속가능한생태환경조성과더불어지속적인방류가필요할것으로사료된다

45 PP-14 바위털갯지렁이연계양식을통한양식장배출슬러지저감효과 김경훈 1 김성균 1 김병권 1 오재구 1 이제근 2 김창훈 *1,3 1 부경대학교의생명융합공학협동과정, 2 부경대학교환경공학과, 3 부경대학교해양바이오신소재학과 연구의배경및목적 : 2012년국내상반기어류양식어가수는 1,989가구이며, 그중육상수조양식은 593가구로많은부분을차지하고있다 ( 통계청. 2012). 이러한육상수조양식에서는많은양의어류사료찌꺼기와배설물과같은슬러지가발생된다. 이렇게발생된슬러지는연안으로배출되어유기물질의증가를초래하고, 부영양화를가속화시켜연안환경을악화시키고적조를유발한다. 특히양식장배출수중에입자상으로존재하는슬러지는환경오염도에큰비중을차지하며, 유기물 (BOD, COD), 총질소, 총인농도와높은상관관계를가지고있다. 또한, 퇴적된고형물은시간이경과됨에따라부패 용해되어용존성유기물과영양염류의농도를증가시킨다. 이러한배출물을규제하기위해수질환경보전법이시행되고있지만대부분의양식장에서는실제정화시설을갖추지않았거나, 기준에미치지못하는수준이어서배출수를그대로연안으로배출시키고있다. 이러한양식배출슬러지저감을위해갯지렁이양식을연계양식으로활용할경우그효율성이높은것으로판단되었다. 특히바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 연계양식을실시할경우배출슬러지처리뿐만아니라차후판매를통한고부가가치가발생하기때문에현장실효성이검증될경우어업인들이적극활용할수있을것으로예상된다. 따라서양식장에연계양식시스템을현장적용하여배출수를처리하고수질개선및갯지렁이생산에대한효과를살펴보았다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 어류양식배출수 ( 종묘생산업체 ; 경남남해 ) 를이용하여 7개월간바위털갯지렁이를사육하고수질개선효과를알아보았다. 또한양식산업배출수 ( 로티퍼배양업체 ; 통영시산양면 ) 를이용하여바위털갯지렁이의양식및수질정화능력을조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 어류양식배출수로 7개월간바위털갯지렁이를사육한결과성충과치충의일간성장율은각각 0.52%, 1.52% 로나타났으며, 생존율은 71%, 63% 로나타났다. 바위털갯지렁이사육수조를거친배출수의 TSS( 총부유물질 ) 와 COD값은해양수질기준인 3등급범위를벗어나지않고안정된수질수준을보여주었다. 양식산업배출수는갯지렁이순환양식시스템및지수시스템을적용하여처리한결과, 5일만에 COD 값이 44% 감소하였고, 갯지렁이생존율또한 95% 로높게측정되었다. 본실험결과양식배출슬러지를재활용하여갯지렁이의먹이로활용함으로써양식과정에서필연적으로발생하는부산물을효과적으로제거하고차후갯지렁이판매를통한고부가가치도창출할수있을것으로기대된다

46 PP-15 바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 유생으로부터 해적생물방어물질정제및구제효과 오재구 1 김경훈 1 이종수 2 김창훈 *1,3 1 부경대학교의생명융합공학협동과정, 2 경상대학교해양식품공학과, 3 부경대학교해양바이오신소재학과 연구의배경및목적 : 바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 대량종묘생산과정에서해적생물의포식에의한초기생존율저하가가장큰문제점으로지적되고있다. M. sanguinea 유생이대량으로분출된수조에서는해적생물이유생군집을회피하는현상이관찰되었다. 이것은초기유생단계에서방어물질 (deterrent) 을분비하는것으로추정되었다. 따라서바위털갯지렁이의유생을채집및분리, 추출, 정제하여수중해적생물의구제가능성을검토하고자하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 바위털갯지렁이유생은부경대학교수산과학기술센터에서생산되는자연종묘 ( 하계 ) 와인공종묘 ( 동계 ) 를사용하였다. 모충수조로부터채집된바위털갯지렁이유생약 250만미를모아 MeOH 추출법으로유생내의물질을추출하였다. MeOH에의해추출된물질을 ODS-Q3 column으로 MeOH 농도별분리를한후 Copepod 감수성테스트에서 Copepod의활성을없애는실험구를 RPAQUEOUS column으로정제를실시하였다. 그다음 ODS SP100 column(90% MeOH) 으로 1차정제를하였고, ODS SP100 column(80% MeOH) 로 2차정제를실시하였다. 위의각과정에서분리및정제된물질을활용하여해적생물제어가능성확인을위한 Copepod 감수성테스트를실시하였다. 현장채집한요각류를대상으로멸균해수를대조구로, ODS-Q3 colum, RPAQUEOUS column, ODS SP100 column의과정에서얻어진각각의분취액을수분과용매를모두제거한후멸균해수에희석하여각실험구로이용하여진행하였다. 결과및고찰 : RPAQUEOUS column 정제후에는 4 th fraction에서 1시간경과부터반수치사량을넘어섰고, 5 th, 6 th fraction에서는 2시간경과부터반수치사량을넘은것이확인되었다. 4 th fraction의 1, 2차 ODS SP100 column 정제후에는약 70 ppm 의농도에서 2시간이경과하면서반수치사량을넘어섰다. 5 th fraction의 ODS SP100 column 정제에서는 6 th fraction은 1시간이경과후반수치사량을넘어서는것을확인하였다. 바위털갯지렁이유생의방어기작물질추출및정제를통해바위털갯지렁이대량종묘생산에서해적생물로작용하는 Copepod에대한명확한구제반응이입증되었다. 따라서, 친환경고부가가치로인정받고있는바위털갯지렁이의대량종묘생산에서효과적으로해적생물을구제함으로써초기유생의생존율과생산성향상에크게기여할것으로판단된다

47 PP-16 바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 유생의사육기질유기물함량에따른착저및생장 김성균 1 김경훈 1 김병권 1 김지일 2 김창훈 *1,2,3 1 부경대학교의생명융합공학협동과정, 2 부경대학교수산과학기술센터, 3 부경대학교해양바이오신소재학과 연구의배경및목적 : 신품종의양식대상종으로각광받고있는바위털갯지렁이는초기유생단계의높은폐사율로인해낮은생산력을보이고있다. 따라서본연구에서는사육기질의유기물함량에따른유생의성장과생존율및착저선택성을조사하여유생사육에적합한기질의유기물량을찾고자하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 유생은부경대학교수산과학기술센터에서생산 (2014 년 6월 ) 한바위털갯지렁이유생을사용하였다. 사육기질에대한유생의착저선택성을조사하기위하여각기다른유기물함량의기질 (10%, 7.5%, 5%, 2.5%, 0% Organic contents) 을 Petridish( 직경 5 cm) 에 1 mm 높이로조성하였으며, 기질이없는구간을대조구로하였다. 빛을완전히차단할수있는직경 20 cm, 높이 20 cm의수조안에이들을배열한후멸균해수 2 L를채웠다. 수조당 1000 미의유생을입식하였으며, 수온 22 에서 4일간실험하였다. 그리고유생의성장및생존을조사하기위해서 6 hole well plate에멸균해수 15 ml를넣고각기다른유기물함량의기질을 1 mm 높이로조성하였으며, 기질이없는구간을대조구로하였다. 50 미 /hole의유생을입식하였으며, 수온 22, 명암주기 LD 12/12에서 12일간실험하였다. 결과및고찰 : 실험결과유기물함량이가장높은 10% 기질에서착저선택성 27% 로가장높았으며, 0% 기질에서 12%, 대조구에서 10% 로낮은선택성을보였다. 착저시간은유기물이포함되어있는구간에서 50 시간이하로비교적빨리착저를하였고, 0% 기질과대조구에서는각각 60 시간, 76 시간후에착저를하였다. 12일간의성장을측정한결과 10% 기질구간이가장높은수치를보였고, 기질의유기물함량이낮을수록성장또한순차적으로더디게진행되었다. 생존을측정한결과 5% 기질구간이 72% 로가장높은생존을보였고, 10% 기질구간이 51% 로대조구 (59%) 보다낮은생존을보였다. 이러한결과를바탕으로 10% 가량의높은유기물의기질이유생의착저를유도하는것을알수있었다. 그리고착저시간과유생의초기성장의연관성을찾을수있었다. 10% 가량의높은유기물이유생착저의시간을단축시킬수있고, 성장또한촉진할수있다는것을의미한다. 그러나생존율에있어서는유기물 10% 기질구간이다른구간에비해현저하게떨어지는결과를보였다. 이는폐쇄된환경내에서수질환경적인문제가작용한것으로보인다. 따라서바위털갯지렁이유생의사육기질을유기물 7.5% 및 5% 농도로조성함으로써유생단계의생산력을높일수있는것으로판단되었다

48 PP-17 바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 종묘생산초기단계의적정먹이및급이율 김병권 1 김경훈 1 김성균 1 김지일 2 김창훈 *1,2,3 1 부경대학교의생명융합공학협동과정, 2 부경대학교수산과학기술센터, 3 부경대학교해양바이오신소재학과 연구의배경및목적 : 바위털갯지렁이 (Marphysa sanguinea) 의유생단계부터 3개월까지의성장기간동안효율적인적정먹이원및사료급이율을규명하기위하여본실험을실시하였다. 바위털갯지렁이사료는현재시판되고있는제품이따로없으며, 새우및어류용사료등의침강형사료를사용하고있는실정이다. 이러한사료원은바위털갯지렁이먹이원으로서의효율성이적정한지명확하지않고, 또한성장및생존에어떠한영향을미치는지도불분명한상태이다. 특히 3개월까지의유생-치충생존은바위털갯지렁이양식생산력을결정짓는매우중요한단계이며, 이시기에높은치사율을방지하기위해알맞은먹이원및사료급이율규명이필요하다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 실험을위한바위털갯지렁이는부경대학교수산과학기술센터에서하계 ( 월 ) 생산된유생을대상으로실시하였다. 먹이원은새우용 EP 사료, 탈각알테미아, 미세조류농축액을사용하였으며, 각구간마다먹이량을다르게하였고, 성장및생존에가장적합한먹이선택및먹이량을조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 유생의악치가생기는 7일전까지는모든구간에서생존율 100% 를보였으며, 성장차이를보이지않았다. 악치가생기고발생후 1개월까지는탈각알테미아구간에서의생존율이최대 66.7% 로가장높았으며, 다음으로새우용 EP사료가최대 54.9%, 혼합미세조류는 17.6% 의생존율을나타내었다. 2개월째는탈각알테미아구간에서의생존율이최대 43.2% 로가장높았으며, 다음으로새우용 EP사료가최대 30.4%, 혼합미세조류는 0.1% 이하의생존율을나타내었다. 3개월째는탈각알테미아구간에서의생존율이최대 7.9% 로가장높았으며, 다음으로새우용 EP사료가최대 3.9% 의결과를나타내었다. 성장에있어서는최종 3개월째탈각알테미아가최대 42.2±5 체절로서새우용 EP사료의최대 40.3±5 체절보다미세하게더큰성장차이를나타내었다. 먹이량실험에서는새우용 EP 사료, 탈각알테미아모든구간에서 75 mg/3000미구간이가장높은생존율및성장도를나타내었다. 본연구를통하여바위털갯지렁이치충초기단계의사료로써탈각알테미아가가장적합한것으로판단되었다. 악치 : 바위털갯지렁이의유생 - 치충단계초기에발달하는턱니를의미함

49 PP-18 시설조건에따른굴 (Crassostrea gigas) 위생학적성상의변화 강주현 2 김태옥 1 박권삼 1 조상만 2 1 군산대학교식품생명공학과, 2 군산대학교해양생명과학과 연구의배경및목적 : 수평망식갯벌참굴은유휴갯벌의활용도를높이고, 저하된갯벌생산성을높이기위하여서해안을중심으로도입되었다. 굴은해수중에부유하는병원성세균, 바이러스등과같은생물학적위해요소물론각종이 화학적오염물질을쉽게축적하고, 패각을제외한장기관및연체부전체를가식부로이용한다는점에서패류의안전한섭취를위해서위생적인관리가매우중요하다. 수평망식은갯벌지역에시설하는특징상시설조건에따른위생학적성상의영향이다를것으로판단되므로, 이러한양성법에서는시설단계부터위생학적인안전성이고려되어야할필요가있다. 이연구는전라남도완도군영흥리연안에수평망식갯벌참굴양성을위한적정시설조건을확립하기위한연구의일환으로위생학적안전성의관점에서연구한결과이다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 위생학적안전성이확보되는시설조건을확립하기위하여해당해역에노출시간및시설물높이를기준으로 4 3 조건으로시설물을설치하였다. 이때노출시간은 1시간단위로 1~4시간으로하였고, 시설물의높이는 30, 60, 90 cm로시설하였다. 이후해수및굴을매월채취하여 APHA(1970) 방법에따라위생지표세균을조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 해수중기준치를초과하는경우는 1건에불과하였고, 전체적으로위생학적으로매우안정적인해역에해당하였다. 굴의경우위생학적기준을초과하는경우는 7-10월에집중되었고, 시설물높이가높을수록위생세균의출현이낮았고, 노출시간에따라서는큰차이가없었다

50 PP-19 총암모니아성질소 (TAN) 농도에따른돌돔 (Oplegnathus fasciatus) 의 성장및혈액생리학적변화 박성덕 1 김병기 2 전중균 1 1 강릉원주대학교해양생물공학과, 2 강원도립대학해양생명과학과 연구의배경및목적 : 해양생물의대사산물인총암모니아성질소 (TAN) 는저농도에서도극심한독성을나타내므로양식시스템으로부터신속하고효과적으로제거되어야한다. 돌돔 (Oplegnathus fasciatus) 은우리나라에서고가로거래되는고급품종으로그수요가많고부가가치가매우크나, 아열대성에가까운어류여서동절기동안국내에서양식이어렵고, 특히양식이이루어지고있는남해안의가두리에서는저수온이장시간지속되어체내대사율상승에의한에너지소진으로대량폐사가발생하고있다. 따라서이런문제는연속적인수처리를통해외부로빠져나가는열에너지를최소화하고, 난방효율도극대화시킬수있는순환여과시스템이지원된다면해결할수있는것이어서, 본연구에서는돌돔의육상양성을위한 TAN 내성수준을구명하여운전기준을마련하고자한다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 200 g 내외의돌돔을구입하여 6주간해산어류용상품사료 ( 조단백질 43.5±0.6%, 조지질 11.8±0.1%) 로일간 2회만복공급하였다. 동일한규격의독립된 3개의순환사육시스템을활용하였으며, 실험 TAN는대조구 (0), 4 및 8 mg/l로설정하였다. 수조별로 100마리씩 3반복으로방양하고실험하였다. 실험시작시와 6주후에계측을실시하였고, 실험시작시, 2, 4 및 6주차에각수조별 5마리 ( 실험구별 15마리 ) 씩미부정맥으로부터채혈하여돌돔의 TAN 농도에따른혈액성분의경시적인변화를조사하였다. 실험기간동안사육수온은 22.1±2.2, 용존산소농도는 7.4±0.4 mg/l, 염분농도는 32.3±0.6 psu를유지하였다. 결과및고찰 : TAN 농도에따른돌돔의성장은 0, 4 및 8 mg/l에서실험시작시약 200 g 수준에서, 6주후 243.1±4.1, 239.8±6.5 및 238.5±5.3 g으로성장하여, 일간성장률은각각 0.49±0.07, 0.47±0.04 및 0.41±0.03 %/day였고, 일간사료공급률은각각 2.52±0.02, 2.29±0.05 및 2.27±0.03%/day로서대조구가유의하게높았다 (P<0.05). 생존율은실험구모두 100% 수준이었다. 대조구에서는혈중 potassium, chloride, BUN, glucose, hemoglobin의농도가높았고, TAN8은혈중 calcium, magnesium, cortisol, total protein, albumin의농도가유의하게높았다 (P<0.05). 스트레스지표인혈중 cortisol의농도는실험시작시 5.58±2.23 ug/dl에서 2주후에각각 1.79±1.89, 2.52±2.36 및 10.18±3.87 ug/dl로 TAN8에서급격히상승하였으며, 4 주후에각각 0.13±0.08, 0.85±0.57 및 2.27±1.74 ug/dl로낮아졌고, 실험종료시에는각각 1.23±1.35, 0.89±0.48 및 1.49±1.37 ug/dl로안정되었다. TAN이높아짐에

51 따라 2 주차까지스트레스를받아성장과사료섭취에장애를일으켰으나, 그후안정되 는것으로나타나돌돔은순환여과양식대상종으로우수한것으로판단되어진다

52 PP-20 Substitution Effects of Fishmeal with Tuna Byproduct Meal in the Diet on Growth, Body Composition, Plasma Chemistry and Amino Acid Profiles of Juvenile Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Hee Sung Kim and Sung Hwoan Cho Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University Substitution effects of fishmeal with tuna byproduct meal (TBM) in the diet on growth, body composition, plasma chemistry and amino acid profiles of juvenile olive flounder were determined. Nine hundred fish averaging 12.6 g were randomly distributed into 30 of 180 L flow-through tanks. Ten experimental diets were prepared. A 60% fishmeal was included into the control (Con) diet. The 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80 and 100% fishmeal were substituted with TBM at the expense of wheat flour and cellulose, referred to as the TBM5, TBM10, TBM20, TBM30, TBM40, TBM60, TBM80 and TBM100 diets, respectively. Finally, 0.37% sodium phosphate monobasic in mineral premix was replaced with cellulose in the TBM100 diet to clarify phosphorous substitution effect of TBM, referred to as the TBM100-NP diet. All experimental diets were prepared at isonitronic and isolipidic. An essential amino acid, lysine tended to decrease with an increased TBM substitution with fishmeal in the experimental diets. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed the Con, TBM5 and TBM10 diets were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of fish fed the TBM40, TBM60, TBM80, TBM100 and TBM100-NP diets, but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from those of fish fed the TBM20 and TBM30 diets. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) of fish fed the Con diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed the TBM30, TBM40, TBM60, TBM80, TBM100 and TBM100-NP diets, but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from that of fish fed the TBM5, TBM10 and TBM20 diets. PER of fish fed the Con was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed the TBM20, TBM30, TBM40, TBM60, TBM80, TBM100 and TBM100-NP diets, but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from that of fish fed the TBM5 and TBM 10 diets. Protein retention (PR) of fish fed the Con diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed the TBM30, TBM40, TBM60, TBM80, TBM100 and TBM100-NP diets, but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from that of fish fed the TBM5, TBM 10, TBM20 and TBM40 diets. Proximate composition of fish was affected by the experimental diets. Amino acid profiles of fish were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among the experimental diets. Plasma glucose, GOT, GPT, triglyceride and cholesterol in olive flounder were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among the experimental diets. However, plasma total protein in fish fed the TBM20, TBM30 and TBM40 diets was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed the TBM100 and

53 TBM100-NP diets, but not significantly (P > 0.05) different from that of fish fed the Con, TBM5, TBM10, TBM60 and TBM80 diets. Based on these results, it can be concluded that dietary substitution of fishmeal with up to 30 and 20% TBM could be made without adverse effect on growth (SGR) and feed utilization (FER and PR) of juvenile olive flounder, respectively

54 PP-21 Effects of Dietary Substitution of Fishmeal with the Combined Microalgae, Nannochloropsis oceanica (NO) Biomass Residue and Casein on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Abalone (Haliotis discus) Sung Hyo Myung and Sung Hwoan Cho Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University The effects of dietary substitution of fishmeal with the combined Nannochloropsis oceanica (NO) biomass residue and casein on growth performance and carcass composition of juvenile abalone was determined. One thousand two hundred and sixty juvenile abalone were randomly distributed into the 18 L plastic rectangular containers. Five experimental diets in triplicate were prepared. The 28% fishmeal was included into the control (Con) diet. The 25, 50, 75 and 100% fishmeal were substituted with the combination of graded levels of dry NO biomass residue and casein, referred to as the NO25, NO50, NO75 and NO100 diets, respectively. Finally, the sea tangle (ST), Laminaria japonica was prepared to compare the effect of the experimental diets on performance of abalone. The essential amino acids, such as isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine tended to increase with dietary substitution of fishmeal with NO biomass residue in the experimental diets. Arginine tended to decrease with dietary substitution of fishmeal with NO biomass residue. Survival of abalone fed the experimental diets was higher than that of abalone fed the ST diet for 16 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the NO100 diet were higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone linearly increased with dietary substation of fishmeal with NO. Shell length of abalone tended to increase with dietary substitution of fishmeal with the combined dry NO biomass residue and casein. The chemical composition of the soft body of abalone was different among treatments except for moisture content. In conclusion, fishmeal in the diets for abalone could be completely replaced with the combined dry NO biomass residue and casein when the 28% fishmeal was included

55 PP-22 Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Citrus Byproduct and Fermented Citrus Byproduct on Innate Immunity of Red Seabream Pagrus major Cho-Rong Lee, Hye-Ji Yoon and Kyeong-Jun Lee * Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju , Korea Ascorbic acid (AA) is an essential vitamin for normal physiological functions in animals. Most fish cannot synthesize AA for lack of L-gulonolactone ocidase (EC ) which is directly influence the de novo synthesis of AA. The citrus by-products (CBP) released from the citrus processing plants may contain high amount of potential bioactive compounds such as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, pectin and terpenes. However, peels from Jeju tangerine has been causing economic and environmental problems. The fermented citrus byproducts (FCBP) showed that its nutrient digestibility is enhanced with its nutritional value. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate posible effect of CBP and/or FCBP on innate immune response of red seabream in comparison with three commercial immune-booster products. The six experimental diets contained each of LAPP (L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate), CBP, FCBP fermented by Bacillus subtilis in concentration of 100 mg vitamin C equivalent/kg diet and each of three commercial immune boosters. Red seabream (initial body weight: 116±2.28 g) were randomly divided into 18 polyvinyl circular tanks of 17 fish per tank with triplicate groups. They were fed the six experimental diets to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. Growth performance and feed utilization were not significantly different in all dietary treatments. Also, nitro-blue tetrazolium, superoxide dismutase and total immunoglobulin concentrations were not significantly different among all the treatments. However, CBP100 was significantly higher in myeloperoxidase activity than other groups. Histological morphology was measured for intestine diameter, villi and enterocyte height and number of goblet cell. The villi and enterocyte height and goblet cell number were not significantly different in all groups. Therefore, the results of this study, indicate that CBP or FCBP can be used as a valuable eco-friendly byproduct to maintain the normal growth and health status of the farmed fishes including red seabream

56 PP-23 Effects of Dietary Propolis Supplementation on Non-specific Immune Response and Disease Resistance of Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) G. L. Buddhi Eranga Gunathilaka 1, Yong-Kap Hur 2, Chang-Hyoung Lee 1, and Kyeong-Jun Lee 1 * 1 Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju , South Korea 2 Unique Biotech Co. Ltd, 105 BI Center, Youngdong University, Yeongdong-gun, Chungbuk, , South Korea The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of two types (powder or liquid) of propolis on non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of olive flounder. A total of 600 fish averaging 30g were randomly distributed into 24 tanks in group of 25, and each tank was assigned to one of three replicates of eight diets containing 0 (Control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 % from propolis powder form and 0.25, 0.5 and 1 % from liquid form (PP 0.25, PP 0.5, PP 0.75, PP 1, PL 0.25, PL 0.5 and PL 1). Fish was fed each experimental diet twice daily for four weeks to apparent satiation. At the end of the feeding trial, lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity and total immunoglobulin level were significantly higher in fish fed PP 1 and PL 0.5 diets. However, superoxide dismutase activity did not significantly differ compared to that of fish fed the control diet. PP 1 diet showed a significant increase in anti-protease activity compared to the control diet. After challenge with Edwerdsiella tarda, fish fed PL 0.5 diet showed higher survival compared to the other groups. In conclusion, non-specific immune responses of olive flounder can be enhanced by dietary supplementation of powder and/or liquid forms of propolis and the optimum level of propolis supplementation for olive flounder would be 1 % in powder form or 0.5 % in liquid

57 PP-24 Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Citrus Byproduct on Antibacterial Activity of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus You-Jeong Kim, Min-Gi Kim, Youn-Ji Song and Kyeong-Jun Lee * Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju , Korea The vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, AA) is an essential nutrient for primate, birds and fish. Most teleosts are unable to synthesizes vitamin C for the lack of L-gulonolactone oxidase (EC ) that is the key enzyme for its de novo synthesis. AA plays important roles for growth performance, innate immunity and disease resistance of fish. Citrus byproduct (CBP) is a waste from juice processing. CBP contains high amounts of bioactivity compounds such as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, pectin and terpenes. This study examined the effects of dietary CBP supplementation on antibacterial activity, growth performance, feed utilization, innate immunity and histological gill and intestine of olive flounder. A basal diet without vitamin C was prepared as a control and five other diets were formulated to contain L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate (LAPP) and CBP in two concentrations (30 and 300mg/kg) and an antibiotic (designated as control, LAPP30, LAPP300, CBP30, CBP300 and antibiotic). Olive flounder (initial body weight: 44.6±0.32 g) were randomly divided into 18 polyvinyl circular tanks with 30 fish per tank. They were fed the six diets to apparent satiation for 9 weeks. Growth performance and feed utilization were significantly increased in fish fed the supplemented diets than the fish fed the control diet. However, nitro-blue tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase and Total immunoglobulin were not significantly different among all the dietary treatments. The histological morphology was measured for diameter, villi, enterocyte height and number of goblet cell. The villi, enterocyte height and goblet cell number were significantly increased by the supplementation of LAPP and CBP compared to those of fish fed the control diet. The findings indicate that dietary supplementation of CBP could reduce the use of antibiotics and replace LAPP in diets for olive flounder without any impairment

58 PP-25 Concatemer and Copy Number-associated Expression Characteristics in Transgenic Fish Germ Lines, as Exemplified by Marine Medaka Carrying Ubiquitous Promoter-driven Reporter Construct Sang Yoon Lee, Seung Pyo Gong and Yoon Kwon Nam Department of Marine Bio-Materials & Aquaculture, Pukyong National University Multiple transgenic marine medaka Oryzias dancena strains harboring fluorescent reporter constructs under the control by β-actin regulator were subjected to transgene expression characteristics (at mrna, protein and fluorescent phenotype levels) in relation with transgene insertion modes (transgene copy numbers, concatemer formation and possible methylation). Most transgenic strains displayed randomized insertion of multiple copies that is typical of microinjection-based introduction of foreign DNA into fish embryos. However, comparative evaluations of transgene copy numbers and expression strengths have shown that copy number-dependent expression, stability of ubiquitous distribution and efficiency of expression per transgene copy were apparently variable among transgenic strains. In overall, expression levels of fluorescence were positively correlated with absolute transgene copy numbers as, whereas the expression efficiency per transgene copy should tend to be inversely related with the number of transgene integrant copies. In several transgenic strains, expressions levels could be significantly downregulated in transgenic strains potentially through the methylation-mediated transgene silencing particularly associated with the formation of a long tail-to-head tandem concatemer in the chromosomal integration site(s). Differential epigenetic modifications including methylation-mediated transgene silencing was also observable in transgenic lines harboring tandem concatemer(s) of transgenes, in which the concatemer-dependent downregulation of transgene activity could be pictured in a strain-specific fashion

59 PP-26 염분및수온에따른초소형 rotifer, Synchaeta kitina 의내구란생산및부화율조사 박진철 신명재 장태호 이용철 전용식 이상협 박무균 박진희 김만섭 최준헌 박흠기 강릉원주대학교해양자원육성학과 연구의배경및목적 : Rotifer( 윤충류 ) 의생식방법중유성생식에의해형성된내구란 (resting egg) 은두터운 2차난막으로싸여져있어외부환경이부화에적합하지않으면강한내구성을지니고있어휴면상태를계속유지하게된다. 이러한내구란은종의유전적형질을효율적으로보관할수있을뿐만아니라대량배양용종자 (seed) 와생태독성학의실험재료로이용할수있다. 또한 Artemia cyst처럼쉽게부화시켜자어에직접공급할수있는장점으로인해 rotifer 연속배양에서오는유해 bacteria와원생동물에의한자 치어에대한 2차감염까지도방지할수있다. 이처럼여러가지장점을가지고있는 rotifer의내구란을대량생산할수있다면먹이확보가수월하여보다안정적인인공종묘생산을행할수있게된다. 그러나현재까지 rotifer에대한내구란의형성에대해서는주로 Brachionus 속을대상으로행한연구가주를이루고있을뿐 Synchaeta속에대해서는매우미진한실정이라할수있다. 따라서본연구에서는초소형 rotifer, S. kitina(60 80 μm ) 의내구란을대량생산하기위한일환으로수온및염분에따른내구란형성을조사하였으며, 또한내구란의최적부화율을함께조사해보았다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 염분별 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 및 34 ) 및수온별 (8, 12, 16, 20 및 24 ) 에따라내구란생산과그에따른부화율을조사하였다. 우선, 내구란생성실험은 250mL 플라스크에 rotifer를 ml당 20개체로접종하여 Tetraselmis suecica를개체당 1,300세포로공급하면서배양실험을행하였다. 실험중측정항목으로는최고밀도, 성장률, 유성생식률및내구란생산량이였다. 한편, 내구란부화율조사는냉장보관중이던내구란을 24 cluster chamber ( 배양수 1mL) 에각 chamber 당내구란을 150개내외로수용하여 24시간이후부터부화율을측정하여결과값으로나타내었다. 결과및고찰 : 염분별실험에서최고밀도는염분이낮아질수록높아지는경향을보였으며, 내구란생성을위한유성생식률, 수정률및내구란생산량도동일한경향을보여 5, 10 에서가장높은것으로나타났다. 염분별에따른내구란의부화율은 10 (66.6%) 이유의적으로가장높은것으로조사되었다. 한편, 수온별실험에서는 16 에서최고밀도, 성장률, 유성생식률, 내구란생산량이다른실험구에비해유의적으로높게나타났으며, 최적부화율도 16 에서 32.8% 로가장높게나타났다. 본실험을종합해볼때, 내구란생성및최적부화율은염분 5~10, 수온 16 가이상적일것이라판단된다

60 PP-27 Rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis 의 strain 에따른수온및염분별성장조사 권오남 1 박진철 신명재 장태호 이용철 전용식 이상협 박무균 박진희 김만섭 최준헌 박흠기 강릉원주대학교해양자원육성학과, 1 강릉원주대학교해양생물교육연구센터 연구의배경및목적 : 현재해산어류및갑각류의인공종묘생산에있어서초기먹이생물로는크기가크고, 대량배양이가능하며, 영양가치가높은 rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis를가장많이이용하고있다. 하지만같은 rotifer라할지라도 strain 및 clone 에따라개체발달과같은성장뿐만아니라성숙기간, 난생산력, 산란율등과같은생식에도차이가있는것으로보고되고있기때문에보다효율적이면서경제적인대량배양을위해서는반드시내재적측면 (strain 및 clone) 이고려되어야한다. 특히, rotifer와같이무성및유성생식을행하는개체에있어서는더욱유전적요인의중요성이강조되는것이다. 따라서, 본연구에서는 rotife, B. plicatilis 종의 strain별에따른수온및염분별성장및생식력을비교조사하여그에따른최적 strain을선발해보고자한다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 실험에사용된 rotifer의 strain은국내 2개 ( 부안및대산 ), 국외 1개 ( 일본 ) 을이용하였다. 염분별 (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ) 및수온별 (16, 20, 24, 28및 32 ) 실험을위해 250mL 플라스크에 rotifer를 ml당 10개체로접종하여개체밀도, 성장률및포란율등을매일조사하였다. 먹이로는담수산농축 Chlorella를 1일 1 회공급하였으며, 1일 2회정도플라스크를교반해주어 3회반복실험하였다. 결과및고찰 : 일본 strain의수온별실험에서는 32 에서최고밀도와성장률이가장높게나타났고, 염분별실험에서는최고밀도는 15 에서, 성장률은 20 에서높게나타났다. 또다른부안 strain의경우, 수온구실험에서는 32 에서최고밀도및성장률이가장높게나타났다. 염분구실험은 10 의염분구에서최고밀도가가장높게나타났으나, 성장률은 20 와 30 에서높게나타났다. 아울러, 대산 strain의경우는수온별실험에서는 28 에서최고밀도와성장률이가장높았으며, 염분별실험에서는 1 5 에서최고밀도가높게나타났고, 성장률은 20 에서높은것으로조사되었다. 이와같은결과로볼때, rotifer를대량배양하기위해서는적합한 strain과수온및염분의선택이중요한것으로판단된다. 또한 3개의 strain의공통적인특징으로는수온이높을수록증식률이높기때문에 28~32 로배양하는것이효과적인것으로나타났으며, 염분은낮을수록증식률이높게나타났으므로비교적저염분인 10~15 에서배양하는것이효과적일것이다

61 PP-28 Reproduction and Cultivation of Sea Water Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus, Docheon strain) Ga-Hyun Kang, Do-Hee Kim, Sun-Young Yu, Aswi A. Rofiqoh, Byeong-Dea Choi, Dong-Han Bae 1 and Seok-Joong Kang College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Korea, 1 Docheon Fish Farm Since 1990's, farming industry has a lot of contributions to the center of industrialization, the main commodity are flounder, rockfish and sea bream. However, due to recent changes in the international trading environment is decreasing economical contribution of fish farming industry. For examples the exports of flounder fish to Japan is more difficult because it is according to current exchange of japanese yen and many fishermen organizations are concerned about the damage of the loss of competitiveness of the existing fish to facing the Korea-China Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations. To overcome this situation, we need to improve the existing aquaculture method and create the new competitive fish commodity. Tilapia is a fresh water fish species lived in the tropical and subtropical area including Korea, South-East Asia, and some country in the south africa. The wide rate salinity tolerance, strong disease resistance, high growth rate and reproduction, and has possibility to be cultured in high-density recirculating water systems in the land compared to other freshwater, Tilapia has begin a spotlight commodity of aquaculture industry as long as the increase of the production value every years. Tilapia's characteristics is similar with black sea bream, so we called tilapia 역돔, "yeokdom". The Tilapia taste and the easy cultivation method, made the production of Tilapia in Korea reach 998 ton/year(statistics Korea, 1996). The misused of wide range of salinity adaptation of Tilapia has been done by the seller in the market by mixing the fresh water Tilapia into sea water fish tank with the salinity 20 during they selling the fish. This misused has been announced by media and made the consumer demand is not increasing. Actually introduced the domestic species of southern coast Korea T. niloticus into high salinity of sea water(over 30 ) is made this species can not grow and breed. Since 2002, The researches study about the new Tilapia species which can breed and grown to develop the new aquaculture commodity. This study explain about the experimental report of domestic species of southern coast Korea Tilapia which has ability to reproduce and grown in the sea water aquaculture

62 PP-29 신경전달물질이참굴 Crassotrea gigas 난모세포의 GVBD 에미치는영향 김정우 변순규 * 허영백 문태석 임영섭 국립수산과학원남동해수산연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 일반적으로약품처리에의한 3배체를유도하는과정에서일시적으로대량의수정란을확보하기위해절개법으로알과정자를채취한다. 그러나생식소성숙도의차이로인해수정후수정란의발생속도가큰차이를보이는데, 이는 3배체유도율을저하시키는가장중요한요인으로작용하고있다. 이러한문제점을해결하기위해서는적출한난모세포의체외성숙유도를통하여수정란발생의일치성을높이는것이필요하다. 그러나지금까지 3배체굴의종묘생산을위한난모세포최종성숙에관한연구는미흡한실정이다. 따라서본연구에서는참굴의난모세포를대상으로배우자의증식, 성숙및산란에관여하는 6가지신경전달물질의처리농도별및처리시간별로난모세포의 GVBD율을조사하여참굴 3배체유도에적합한난모세포최종성숙유도방법을찾고자실시하였다. 실험방법 : 실험용모패는국립수산과학원남동해수산연구소남해양식연구센터시험용가두리에서수하식으로양성한각장 의 2년산참굴을사용하였다. 난모세포는난소를얇게저민다음인공해수 (ph 7.0) 에풀어각각 55 μm와 16 μm의필터로여과한후, 충분한양의인공해수로씻어찌꺼기를제거하고, 500 ml 비커에옮겨수용밀도를 10,000개 /ml로조절하여실험에사용하였다. 인공해수는 2차증류수에각각 NaCl (423 mm), CaCl 2 (9.3 mm), KCl (9 mm), MgCl 2 (23 mm), MgSO 4 (25.5 mm), NaHCO 3 (2.15 mm) 및 Pipes (5 mm) 를녹인후 1 M 염산으로 ph를 7.0으로조절하였다. Acetylcholine (ACh), adrenaline (AD), noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) 및 histamine (HA) 을인공해수 (ph 7.0) 에녹여각각 M, M, M, M, M, M 및 M 농도의신경전달물질해수를만들었다. 그다음, 각 well (24-well plate) 에난모세포해수와신경전달물질해수를각각 0.5 ml씩넣어신경전달물질의최종농도를 10-9 M, 10-8 M, 10-7 M, 10-6 M, 10-5 M, 10-4 M 및 10-3 M로조절하였고, 대조구는같은양의인공해수 (ph 7.0) 를넣었다. 침지시간은실험개시 15, 30, 45 및 60분으로하였다. 난모세포수용밀도는 5,000개 /ml, 배양온도는 20 였다. 난모세포의 GVBD는고정후도립현미경 200배에서관찰하였다. GVBD율은전체난모세포에서 GVBD한난모세포가차지하는백분율로표시하였다. 결과및고찰 : ACh, NA 및 HA 처리에서농도및처리시간에따른차이가없어 (P>0.05), 난모세포의 GVBD 에비효과적인것으로나타났다. AD 와 DA 는농도가높을 수록그리고처리시간이길을수록 GVBD 율이높아지는경향을보였으나, 실험구간에

63 차이는없었다 (P>0.05). 5-HT에서 15 60분처리시 10-5 M의농도에서가장높은 GVBD율을나타났고, 10-5 M과 10-4 M의농도로 60분처리시난모세포의 GVBD율이 97% 이상이었으며, 대조구에비해유의하게높은 GVBD율을보였다 (P<0.05). 처리시간에따른 GVBD율은침지시간이길을수록 GVBD율이높아지는경향을보였으나, 처리시간에따른차이는확인되지않았다 (P>0.05). 따라서 M의 5-HT는참굴난모세포의 GVBD 유도에효과적인것으로판단된다

64 PP-30 분말사료의급여가참굴 Crassotrea gigas 의난질및초기발생에미치는영향 김정우 변순규 * 허영백 심길보 문태석 임영섭 국립수산과학원남동해수산연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 패류의인공종묘생산에서우선적으로이루어져야하는것은성숙한모패로부터양질의수정란을확보하는것이다. 현재대부분의패류인공종묘생산에서모패의사육관리에사용되는먹이는주로미세조류에의존하고있다. 그러나미세조류의대량배양을위한비용은전체인공종묘생산비용의약 30% 를차지하고, 또한생산이불안정하여패류의인공종묘생산산업의발전에부정적인영향을미치고있다. 때문에모패사육관리시가격이싸고, 편리하게공급할수있으며, 먹이효율이우수한먹이를사용하는것이생산단가를낮출수있는해결책이라할수있다. 따라서본연구는가격이싸고, 장기간보관이가능한분말사료를모패의먹이로서의이용가능성을검토하고자분말사료와미세조류의급여에따른난경과알의일반성분그리고수정률및부화율에미치는영향에대해조사하였다. 실험방법 : 실험용모패는각고 115.5±14.7 mm, 전중 106.1±28.6 g의 2년산참굴을사용하였다. 먹이공급은미세조류구는 Tetraselmis sp., Chaetoceros sp., Phaeodactylum sp., Nitzschia sp. 를 1:1:1:1로혼합하여사육수조에 20~ cells/ml의농도를유지하였다. 분말사료구는 Spirulina 분말, 빵효모 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 생물다당분말을 1:1:1로혼합하여매번 8 g씩 2 L의물에충분히풀은다음하루에 4번공급하였다. 혼합구는미세조류를 10~ cells/ml의농도를유지하고, 분말사료는매번 4 g씩하루에 4번공급하였다. 채란은 100 L 원형플라스틱용기에서산란을유도한후 16 μm의거름망으로수거하였다. 난경은 Profile-Project (Nikon-v12, Japan) 와 Quadra-Chek 4000 Program (Metronics, USA) 을이용하여 0.1 μm까지측정하였다 (n=50). 알의일반성분은일반성분은 AOAC (1995) 방법에따라수분은상압가열건조법 (105, 4시간 ), 조단백질은 Kjeldahl 질소정량법 (N 6.25) 으로분석하였고, 조회분은직접회화법으로분석하였다. 조지방은시료를 12시간동결건조한후, Soxtec system 1046 (Tacator AB, Sweden) 을사용하여 soxhlet 추출법으로분석하였다. 수정률은 2세포기까지발생한알의백분율로계산하였고, 부화율은수정란에서 D상유생까지의발생률로계산하였다. 그리고형태적으로기형을나타내는것은죽은것으로간주하였다. 결과및고찰 : 난경을조사한결과, 분말사료구는 52.0±1.6 μm, 미세조류구는 53.0±1.3 μm, 혼합구는 52.1±1.4 μm였고, 미세조류구의난경이가장컸었다 (P<0.05). 분말사료구, 미세조류구및혼합구의알의일반성분을분석한결과, 수분함량은각각 86.68±0.10, 90.59±0.18 및 89.35±0.07%, 조회분함량은각각 1.18±0.09,

65 0.43±0.10 및 0.28±0.14%, 조지방함량은각각 3.35±0.08, 2.30±0.14 및 2.37±0.14%, 조단백질함량은각각 6.34±0.03, 4.78±0.12 및 6.28±0.04% 였다. 미세조류구의수분함량이가장높게나타나는 (P<0.05) 반면단백질함량이가장낮았다 (P<0.05). 조회분과조지방의함량은분말사료구가다른실험구에비해유의하게높았다 (P<0.05). 분말사료구, 미세조류구및혼합구의수정률은각각 92.5±2.3, 91.8±2.3 및 86.2±1.5% 로서혼합구가가장낮게나타났고 (P<0.05), 부화율은각각 86.0±11.7, 84.8±0.6 및 88.7±3.2% 였다. 이와같은연구결과들로부터분말사료를단독으로급여해도난질이나초기발생에부정적인영향을미치지않는다고판단된다

66 PP-31 미세조류와분말사료의급여에따른참굴 Crassotrea gigas 의성성숙 변순규 김정우 * 허영백 심길보 문태석 임영섭 국립수산과학원남동해수산연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 우리나라의참굴양식생산량은약 24만톤으로주로남해안에서수하식으로양식이이루어지고있다. 양식에필요한종묘는연간 1,800~2,300 만연으로추정되고, 대부분은천연종묘에의존하고있으나, 최근채묘부진으로인해필요한양의종묘를확보하는데많은어려움을겪고있다. 이러한문제점을해결하기위해인공종묘생산이대두되었으며, 현재국내에서는 10~15% 가인공종묘로생산되어양식현장에이용되고있다. 그러나인공종묘생산과정에서모패의먹이로이용되는미세조류의대량배양은고도의기술력과높은비용, 뿐만아니라유생사육시설의 3분의 1의공간이소요된다. 때문에미세조류의사용량을줄임으로써전체적인인공종묘생산비용을낮추는것이매우중요하다. 그러나지금까지참굴의성성숙에있어서영양요구나먹이종류에관한연구는미흡한실정이다. 따라서모패의사육관리과정에서미세조류와분말사료가참굴의성성숙에미치는영향을밝히고자본연구를수행하였다. 실험방법 : 실험용모패는각고 112.9±17.5 mm, 전중 98.2±28.0 g의 2년산참굴을사용하였고, 1.5톤 FRP수조에실험구당 300마리씩수용하였다. 사육관리는유수식 (5회전) 으로하였고, 수온은 22~23 였다. 미세조류구는 Tetraselmis sp., Chaetoceros sp., Phaeodactylum sp., Nitzschia sp. 를 1:1:1:1로혼합하여사육수조에 20~ cells/ml의농도를유지하였다. 분말사료구는 Spirulina 분말, 빵효모 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 생물다당분말을 1:1:1로혼합하여매번 8 g씩 2 L의물에충분히풀은다음하루에 4번공급하였다. 혼합구는미세조류를 10~ cells/ml의농도를유지하고, 분말사료는매번 4 g씩하루에 4번공급하였다. 수조바닥의찌꺼기는 2 3일간격으로 25 mm 호스를사용하여사이폰배수방식으로제거해주었다. 7일또는 14일간격으로생식소중량지수를조사하였고, 최종성숙을확인하기위하여완숙기에도달한후산란유발을실시하였다. 산란유발은 0.5 ml insulin syringe로 100 μl의 10-3 M serotonin을생식소부위에주사한후 2 L 유리비커에각각 1마리씩수용하여, 반응률및반응개시시간을조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 참굴의최종성성숙을조사한결과, 미세조류구와혼합구는사육 42 일째, 분말사료구는사육 49일째에산란 방정이가능하였으며, 분말사료구가미세조류구와혼합구에비해최종성성숙이약 7일간늦었다. 생식소중량지수는실험개시시의 28.3±3.7로부터실험종료시까지미세조류구, 분말사료구및혼합구에서각각 40.2±11.7, 34.2±6.6 및 35.6±8.1로증가하였다. 분말사료구가미세조류구및혼합구에비해다소낮게나타났으나, 실험구간의유의한차이는없었다 (P>0.05). 미세조류구의방란 방정반응률은각각 88.9와 100.0% 였고, 분말사료구와혼합구의방란 방정

67 반응률은모두 100.0% 였다. 그리고미세조류구, 분말사료구및혼합구의방란반응개시시간은각각 18, 32 및 34분이었고, 방정반응개시시간은각각 3, 4 및 2분이었으며, 방란 방정개시시간은실험구간의유의한차이는없었다 (P>0.05). 따라서상기의연구결과들로부터분말사료의단독급여만으로도생식소발달에필요한영양분을충분히공급할수있는것으로판단되며, 이러한결과들은향후참굴의안정적인인공종묘생산에기여할것으로기대된다

68 PP-32 경기연안갯벌조성과환경이가무락의성장과생존에미치는영향에관한연구 임성률 최지성 전민지 명노진 천명길 홍석우 경기도해양수산자원연구소 연구의배경및목적 : 가무락 (Cyclina sinensis) 은이매패강백합목백합과에속하는고급패류종으로홍콩, 필리핀, 남동중국해와대만, 대한민국, 일본등지에서식한다. 경기도연안에서 1967년처음으로양식이시작되었으나, 현재간척사업과수온상승등환경변화로인해개체수가급감하고있는품종이며우리나라에서는전북부안이주서식지로알려져있다. 조간대 ~ 수심 20m의모래펄에주로서식하며양성장은사질 22~34%, 니질 66~78%, 치패발생장은사질 15~27%, 니질 73~85% 의조성을보인다. 가무락의전국생산량은 2010년 2,424톤에서 2013년 325톤으로급격히감소하였고경기도의경우 2008년에가무락생산량이 204톤에이르던것이 2009년에는 100톤으로감소한후 2010년부터는급격히감소하여 2010~2013 년까지각각 8, 14, 11, 2톤의생산이보고되고있다 ( 해양수산부수산정보포털 2014). 따라서, 본연구는가무락의성장이적합할것으로예상되는경기연안의 2개지역 ( 화성송교리, 안산탄도 ) 을선정하여저질및담수의영향이가무락의성장에미치는영향을조사하고감소하는경기연안의가무락자원증대와회복을위한기초자료로활용하고자하는데그목적이있다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 본연구추진을위한어장선정을위하여 2012년 3월과 4월 2회에걸쳐가무락의서식이가능한곳으로확인된화성시 2개소와안산시 2개소총 4개소에대해서식환경, 갯벌저질, 해적생물및오염원등을조사하고 2개소 ( 화성송교리, 안산탄도 ) 를선정한후각각 1ha씩조위망으로구획하여시험구를설정하였다. 종패는 2012년 6월초전북부안의어촌계로부터구입하여각각 2톤씩살포하였다. 가무락입식후매월 1회환경조사, 성장도조사및퍼킨수스기생충조사를실시하였고갯벌오염도조사를위해중금속 5종 ( 납, 구리, 아연, 비소, 크롬 ) 과산휘발성황화물, 강열감량, 화학적산소요구량분석을전문기관에의뢰하여실시하였다. 성장시험종료후, 가무락가식부위의일반성분, 지방산및유리아미노산성분분석을전문기관에의뢰하여실시하였다. 결과및고찰 : 본연구에서갯벌입도분석결과, 화성송교리는사질 47.3%, 실트 46.6%, 점토 6.1% 의사질실트 (sz) 갯벌로양성장으로적합하였으며안산탄도는역 3.4%, 사질 29.7%, 실트 54.8%, 점토 12.1% 의약역질니 [(g)m] 갯벌조성을나타내어치패발생장으로조성함이타당할것으로사료된다. 가식부위영양성분분석결과, 조단백질함량에있어서안산탄도의가무락이화성송교리의가무락보다유의하게높게나타났다 (P<0.05). 지방산중 EPA와 DHA 함량또한일반성분분석결과와유사하게나타났고총유리아미노산함량은반대의경향을보였다. 본연구결과를바탕으로경기연안갯벌에지속적으로자원조성시사라져가는

69 가무락의자원회복과유휴어장개발에관한기초자료로활용할수있을것으로기대 된다

70 PP-33 Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate Sources for Performance of Juvenile Abalone (Haliotis discus) Sung Hyo Myung, Sung Hwoan Cho Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University A 16-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate dietary carbohydrate sources for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). One thousand six hundred eighty juvenile abalone was randomly distributed into 24, 70 L plastic rectangular containers. Seven experimental diets containing the different sources of carbohydrate (dextrin, glucose, starch, cellulose, maltose, sucrose and wheat flour) were prepared in triplicate. In addition, Undaria was prepared to compare effect of the experimental diets on performance of abalone. Survival of abalone was not significantly different among the experimental diets. However, weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the diet containing cellulose were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the experimental diets containing the different sources of carbohydrate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed the Undaria. Shell length, shell width and soft body weight of abalone fed the diet containing cellulose were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. Moisture content of the soft body of abalone fed the diet containing wheat flour was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. Crude protein content of the soft body of abalone fed the diet containing maltose was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed the all other diets. The lowest crude protein content was obtained in abalone fed the Undaria. Crude lipid content of the soft body of abalone fed the experimental diets containing the different sources of carbohydrate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of abalone fed the Undaria. These data indicate that dietary inclusion of cellulose was the most effective to produce the best weight gain of abalone among the various carbohydrate sources (dextrin, glucose, starch, cellulose, maltose, sucrose and wheat flour). The all experimental diets containing the various sources of carbohydrate produced the better weight gain of abalone than Undaria

71 PP-34 고창지역바지락양식특성및개선방향검토 송재희 1 최윤석 1 윤상필 1 정상옥 1 한형균 1 안현미 1 장용수 1 박광재 2 1 국립수산과학원갯벌연구소, 2 서해수산연구소해역산업과 연구의배경및목적 : 고창지역은국내바지락양식생산량의약 40% 이상을생산해오던지역으로, 다른바지락양식지역에서는마을어장어촌계원중심의조수익을위한양식특성이강한반면, 고창지역은개인면허어장을중심으로어가의주요소득사업으로바지락을양식한다. 2000년대초반부터는국내산종패를이용하여타지역과유사한적정밀도의양식방법에서중국산종패등을이용한고밀도로양식방법으로전환하였고, 채취방법도호미나갈고리를이용하던방식에서인건비를절감하고채취효율을높이는방식으로전환하였다. 2011년까지정상적인바지락생산을유지해오던고창지역에서 2012년부터폐사가증가하기시작함에따라최근 10여년이상지속해온동지역의바지락양식방법에대한문제점진단및개선방향의검토필요성이제기되고있는실정이다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 장기간바지락양식이활발하게이루어져고창지역의어장특성을파악하기위하여고창갯벌의중부조간대지점을중심으로어장저질중바지락서식밀도및단위면적저질중사패각매몰량을조사하였다. 어장퇴적물의유기물오염도를판단하기위해서는산휘발성황화물 (AVS) 과화학적산소요구량 (COD) 을조사하였다. 동일어장에서종패의산지차이에따른바지락의생물학적특성의차이유무는비만도와폐사특성등을비교하였다. 한편, 채취방법이타지역과다른점에유의하여채취작업후단기간내에갯벌생태계에대한영향여부를알아보기위해퇴적물입도와대형저서동물군집특성을검토하였다. 결과및고찰 : 조사지점들의바지락양식밀도는 30~50톤 /ha를초과하는지점들이많았으며, 양식장마다차이는있지만저질중에는대체로타지역에비해많은사패각이매몰되어있었다. 5월에고창지역의채취도구로갯벌에해수를분사했을때대형저서동물들은일시적으로영향을받지만 3개월이경과한후에는거의회복되어계절변화의패턴을따르는것으로나타났다. 해수분사후저질입도의경우에도일시적으로세립질의손실이있었지만여름철펄퇴적특성이유지되는것으로나타났다. 동지역에서종패산지에따른바지락의비만도, 에너지저장, 폐사특성등은현재의대량생산중심에서향후고창바지락양식장에서고품질, 적정량의바지락생산을위한양식관리개선에시사하난바가클것으로판단된다

72 PP-35 Evaluation of Optimum Ratio of Carbohydrate to Lipid in the Diets on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Abalone (Haliotis discus) Hee Sung Kim and Sung Hwoan Cho Division of Marine Environment and BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University This study was conducted to investigate the optimum ratio of carbohydrate to lipid in the diets on growth and body composition of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). One thousand two hundred sixty juvenile abalone was randomly distributed into 18, 70 L plastic rectangular containers. Six experimental diets were formulated to contain different ratio of carbohydrate to lipid (Carbohydrate22 : Lipid0, Carbohydrate21 : Lipid1, Carbohydrate20 : Lipid2, Carbohydrate18 : Lipid4, Carbohydrate16 : Lipid6 and Carbohydrate14 : Lipid8) in triplicate. Carbohydrate and lipid sources were dextrin and the mixture of squid liver and soybean oils, respectively. At the end of the 16-week feeding trial, survival of abalone fed the Carbohydrate21 : Lipid1 diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the abalone fed the Carbohydrate22 : Lipid0 and Carbohydrate14 : Lipid8 diets, but not significantly different from that of abalone fed the Carbohydrate20 : Lipid2, Carbohydrate18 : Lipid4 and Carbohydrate16 : Lipid6 diets. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed Carbohydrate20 : Lipid2 diet were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of abalone fed the Carbohydrate18 : Lipid4, Carbohydrate16 : Lipid6 and Carbohydrate14 : Lipid8 diets, but not significantly different from that of abalone fed the Carbohydrate21 : Lipid1 and Carbohydrate22 : Lipid0 diets. Shell length of the abalone fed the Carbohydrate21 : Lipid1 and Carbohydrate20 : Lipid2 diets was significantly (P < 0.05) longer than that of abalone fed the all other diets. Shell width and soft body weight of abalone fed the Carbohydrate20 : Lipid2 diet were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of abalone fed all other diets except for Carbohydrate21 : Lipid1 diet. Crude protein content of the soft body of abalone fed the Carbohydrate18 : Lipid4 diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of abalone fed the all other diets. Crude lipid content of the soft body of abalone tended to increase with dietary lipid content. In conclusion, the optimum ratio of carbohydrate to lipid in the diets for abalone seemed to be either 20 : 2 or 21 :

73 PP-36 Optimum Dietary Protein Energy Ratio in Whiteleg Shrimp in Biofloc System Hyeonho Yun *, Inkwon Jang, Sukyong Kim and Sungchul C. Bai Dept. of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture, Feeds and Foods Nutritional Research Center Pukyong Nat l University, Busan , Rep. of Korea Corresponding author: scbai@pknu.ac.kr The study was conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary protein energy ratio in juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Six diets were formulated with three graded levels of energy of 3800, 4200 and 4600cal/g followed by two graded levels of protein of 35% and 30% (35P3800, 35P4200, 35P4600, 30P3800, 30P4200, 30P4600) in 2x3 factorial design. Fifty shrimp averaging 0.97 ± 0.03g (Mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into one of the six dietary treatments in triplicate groups for 8 weeks in biofloc system. At the end of the feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate of shrimp fed 35P4200 diet was significantly higher than those of shrimp fed 35P3800, 30P3800, 30P4200 and 30P 4600 diets (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences between those of shrimp fed 35P4200 and 35P4600 diets. Feed conversion ratio of shrimp fed 35P4200 diet was significantly lower than those of shrimp fed 30P3800, 30P4200 and 30P 4600 diets (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences among those of shrimp fed 35P3800, 35P4200 and 35P 4600 diets. Protein efficiency ratio of shrimp fed 35P4200 and 30P 4200 diets were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed 35P 3800, 35P 3600 and 30P4600 diets (P<0.05). Survival rate has no significant differences among all the diets. Therefore, the optimum dietary protein energy ratio in whiteleg shrimp could be protein 35% with 4200 cal/g (35P4200) diet for the maximum growth. Other parameters such as proximate composition, hemolymph, enzyme assay and water quality will be discussed

74 PP-37 Influence of Reproductive Condition of the Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum on Hemocyte Parameters During Early Post-spawning Period Hyun-Ki Hong, Ludovic Donaghy and Kwang-Sik Choi School of Marine Biomedical Science (BK21 PLUS), Jeju National University 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju Republic of Korea In marine bivalve aquaculture, mortality is a major problem for sustainability of the industry. Mortalities usually result from complex interactions in which the physiological status is suspected to play a major role. In many bivalves, spawning appears as a critical period. Spawning is an energy demanding process potentially resulting in immunodepression and higher susceptibility to pathogenic infection. In an effort to understand the actual impacts of spawning on the cellular defense system (i.e., hemocytes) of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, we collected clams on a one-time sampling during early post-spawning period. We then applied, for the first time, a histology flow cytometry combined approach to these animals. Hemocyte parameters, including concentration, sub-populations, mortality, phagocytosis capacity and reactive oxygen species production were analyzed along with gender, condition index as well as the tissue protein and carbohydrate levels. Among the 200 clams analyzed, 60.5% were spent, 24% spawning, 12% resting and 3.5% ripe and ready for spawning. No gender differences could be observed among all parameters and no correlation was determined between the protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni infection intensity and the immune parameters. CI and tissue protein level of spawning and post-spawning (spent and resting) clams were significantly lower than those of pre-spawning (ripe) clams. The concentration of hemocytes tended to decline from ripe to spent clams, partly because of a concomitant increase of cell mortality and, most of all, a decrease in the quantity of circulating granulocytes. The decline in circulating granulocytes also resulted in a reduced phagocytosis capacity (% of cells able to phagocytise). At the animal scale, these observations support a depression of the global immune defense of spawning and postspawning clams. However, at the cellular scale, remaining circulating cells did not display signs of stress nor altered metabolism. Indeed, phagocytosis, as the number of beads ingested per cell, was normal and no oxidative stress could be detected. Further studies will be necessary to determine if these hemocytes already reached their limit of stress tolerance, and to potentially help develop immunoprotective food additives for the aquaculture industry

75 PP-38 외국산무태장어 Anguilla marmorata 의사육시적정사육수온과사료급여율조사 박준택 1 이경우 1 김영훈 1 임종악 1 김춘철 1 박수빈 2 임태준 3 안준철 4* 1 전라남도해양수산과학원민물고기연구소, 2 경상대학교해양생명과학과, 3 군산대학교수산과학과, 4 서남대학교의과대학약리학실 연구의배경및목적 : 지구온난화등환경오염과생태계변화, 무분별한남획으로인해세계적으로민물장어자원량이급감하고있다. 2013년부터유럽에서는급감하는민물장어를보호하기위해유럽산민물장어 A. anguilla를멸종위기종으로분류하여자연에서채집과상업적거래를전면금지하고있다. 우리나라양만업의주종인극동산민물장어 A. japonica 역시자원량이급감하여최근세계자연보전연맹 (IUCN) 에서멸종위기종으로분류하였다. 민물장어양식에이용되는종묘는인공종묘생산기술이확립되지않아자연에서채포한실뱀장어에의존하고있다. 우리나라양만산업의실뱀장어수요량은약 20톤 ( 약 10,000만미 ) 정도이나자연에서실뱀장어채포량은해마다일정하지않아가격변동이심하고채포량이적은해에는 7,000원 / 미까지폭등하여양식어가에많은어려움을주고있는실정이다. 따라서본연구에서는극동산실뱀장어의수급불균형을대처하고양만산업의지속적인발전을위해자원량이풍부하고실뱀장어가격이저렴한열대성민물장어종을활용하는방안을찾고자외국산무태장어 A. marmorata 를대상으로적정사육환경과사료급여방안마련에주안하여시험연구를추진하였다. 평균 3g대의 A. marmorata 치어를대상으로각수온별, 사료급여율별구간을달리하여일정기간사육하고, 사육결과를토대로효율적인사육수온과급여율의조사를목적으로하였다. 실험방법 : 실험어인 A. marmorata의치어는양만업자에게구입한필리핀산을사용하였다. 실험개시에평균체중은 3.6g이였으며, 3개수온구간 (26, 29, 32 ) 별로사료급여율 (100%, 75%, 50%) 을달리하여총 9개수조에각수조당 3.6kg씩 ( 약 1000 미 ) 수용하였다. 수조는순환여과식시스템수조로제작하였고, 사육조의 total volume 은 2t, working volume은 1.5t이다. 사육수는지하수를보일러로가온후이용하였고냉온각기로수온을유지했다. 오후먹이공급후 3시간경과하여전수량의 5% 를환수하였다. 기초수질조사는용존산소와 ph는 YSI550A, YSI60 제품을이용하여측정하였고, 암모니아와아질산은수질측정키트 (CHEMetrics) 를이용해측정하였다. 사료는시판중인뱀장어반죽사료 ( 단백질 46% 이상, 지방 3% 이상 ) 를 1일 2회 (07:00, 17:00) 공급하였다. 급여율은기존양식종인 A. japonica 표준급여율을기준으로삼았다. 150 일간사육실험후사료효율과증체량을측정하고, 구간별생존율을조사하였다. 결과및고찰 : 사육실험중폐사는초기이송과입식과정중스트레스와외상에서 비롯된것으로보이며, 최종생존율은 89~94% 로나타나전반적으로높았고구간별특

76 이한차이점은나타나지않았다. 본실험을수행한범위내사육수온 32 에서가장높은성장을나타냈는데, 급여율 75% 와 100% 구간에서거의비슷한성장을보였으나사료효율을감안하면 75% 구간이가장양호한것으로판단된다. 무태장어 A. marmorata는기존양식종인 A. japonica와비교하여성장은부진하나차츰양식기술개발로극복한다면차별화된맛으로신품종으로서가능성을기대할수있을것으로사료된다

77 PP-39 외국산무태장어 Anguilla marmorata 의사육시사료첨가제첨가유의영향 박수빈 1 임태준 2 박준택 3 이경우 3 안준철 4* 1 경상대학교해양생명과학과, 2 군산대학교수산과학과, 3 전라남도해양수산과학원민물고기연구소, 4 서남대학교의과대학약리학실 연구의배경및목적 : 민물장어양식산업은내수면양식의절반이상을차지하고있는고부가가치산업이다. 그러나현민물장어양식산업은양식기술이산업적단계까지도달하지못해완전양식이이루어지지못하고있다. 즉종묘를인공적으로생산하지못해양만산업은자연산종묘채포량에의존하고있는실정이다. 더구나무분별한남획과민물장어와같은회귀성어종의물길을막은댐과같은구조물의건설은자연종묘량의급감을가져왔다. 그리하여두가지대책이대두되었는데, 하나는완전양식기술개발 ( 인공종묘생산기술 ) 이지만앞서언급하였듯이산업적단계까지이르지못했고, 또하나는외국산이종장어의종묘를입식하여양식에이용하는것이다. 본연구에이용된 A. marmorata도그중하나이다. A. marmorata는 A. japonica의맛과질적으로상이한담백한맛이좋으며, 현재필리핀등동남아에자원량이풍부하고봄철에한정된 A. japonica와달리연중내내종묘가채집되고있다. 종묘의연중공급이가능하다는점에서양만산업의탄력성을확보할수있고, 뱀장어최대소비국일본에서부터유래된 A. japonica종에국한된양만산업의성향에서탈피가가능하기때문에 A. marmorata종은기존양식종의대체가아닌신품종으로서개발이기대된다. 그리하여본연구팀은 A. marmorata종의양식에적합한배합사료개발과정중첨가유에대해연구하였다. 첨가유는사료의기호나어체성분에영향을주는주요한첨가제이다. 기존양만산업에서주로이용되는명태유와비교할동물성유 1점, 식물성유 4점을선정후사료에첨가하여 A. marmorata 치어를사육하고결과를토대로사료효율과어체성분간비교를목적으로하였다. 실험방법 : 실험어인 A. marmorata의치어는양만업자에게구입한필리핀산을사용하였다. 6개실험구간별 3개수조를배정하여 3~7g/ 미크기의 A. marmorata 치어를총 18개수조에각수조별 30개체씩입식하여 2~3일가량의적응기를두고사육실험을진행하였다. 사육은전라남도해양수산과학원민물고기연구소 ( 전남장성군 ) 내의비닐하우스내순환여과식수조를사용하여수행하였다. 사육수조는 total volume 52.5L(working volume 30L) 이다. 사육수는지하수를이용하였고 3일에 1회 20% 환수하였다. 수온은 29~29.5, 개별 aeration으로용존산소가포화될만큼폭기시켰다. ph는환수를통해 5~6 대를유지했다. 사료는원료를직접배합하여사용하였으며, 1 일 2회급여하였다. 사육결과로사료효율등을평가하고, 전어체를마쇄하여분석시료로이용하였다

78 결과및고찰 : 동일한사료에첨가유를달리하여급이한결과 A. marmorata의사료효율과성장률, 어체성분중지방산조성에상당한영향을미치는것으로나타났다. 특히어체의지방산조성이첨가유의지방산조성과특정부분유사한비율을가짐을알수있었다. 사료첨가제인첨가유의적절한선택이 A. marmorata나다른어류의어체성분을변화시키고그로인해맛과품질향상등의상품성제고가가능하다는것을확인하였다

79 PP-40 환수량이무태장어 (Anguilla marmorata) 의성장및사육환경에 미치는영향 임태준 박수빈 이경우 안준철 군산대학교수산과학과, 경상대학교해양생명과학과, 전라남도해양수산과학원민물고기연구소, 서남대학교의과대학약리학실 연구의배경및목적 : 우리나라뱀장어주양식종인극동산실뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica) 는남획과환경파괴의이유로자원량감소하고있으며, 이에따른극동산뱀장어종묘가격상승으로국내민물장어양식어가에어려움을주고있다. 이러한문제의대안으로북미산 (A. rostrata) 과, 유럽산 (A. anguilla) 민물뱀장어가양식되어져왔으나, 유럽산실뱀장어 (A. anguilla) 가 2012년 CITES 등재되어거래가중단되었고, 이수요가북미산실밸장어 (A. rostrata) 로몰리면서공급부족으로인한높은가격상승으로양식어가에어려움을주게되었다. 이런이유로보다값싸고실뱀장어혹은검둥장어의수입이가능한동남아산열대성실뱀장어들의양식이시도되고있다. 필리핀등동남아의주서식종인무태장어는우리나라의제주도에도서식하는종으로타민물장어에비해단백질함량이높고지방이높지않으며, 지방산구성비중오메가지방산의비율이높은것으로나타났고무엇보다비타민 A함량이높은것으로평가된바있다. 관능평가역시극동산장어에버금가는식감및기호도를갖는것으로평가되었다. 한편, 무태장어는극동산장어혹은같은열대종인 A. bicolor보다사료효율과증체율이낮은것으로보고되고있다. 따라서본연구에서는타국내양식민물장어에비교하여사료효율과증체율이낮은무태장어를국내양식환경에적합한종으로의양성조건의확립을목적으로주수량에따른환수율이무태장어사육에미치는영향을연구하고자하였다. 실험재료및방법 : 본실험에서사용된뱀장어는무태장어 (A. marmorata) 이며, 12개수조에 50마리씩수용하였으며, 각수조간평균무게는약 220g ± 1.86g 이며, 마리당평균무게는 4.40g ± 0.04g 의무태장어를사용하였다. 사육수조는 60l 급수조 (working volume 30l) 로사용하였으며, 수온은 27.0 ±1.0 하에서사육하였다. 환수조건은환수없이사육하는조건과, 약 100%, 250% 및 500% 환수조건을갖춰총 4개실험구 3반복실험을시작하였다. 먹이급이는하루에 2번 (am 09:00, pm 09:00) 12 시간간격으로총 3% 씩을급이하였고, 남은사료는 30분후수거하였다. 매일 ph, D.O 를측정하였고, 3일간격으로암모니아수치를측정하였으며, 매주 6일간급이와하루절식으로 4주동안진행되었다. 결과및고찰 : 환수를하지않은실험구에서는사료를먹는양이계속줄어들었으며, 사료를먹지않았고폐사가일어났다. 하지만주수가계속되어지는실험구에서는구간에서는폐사가나타나지않았고, 사료또한잘먹었고, 성장이비교적비슷하게나타났으며. 사육수내에존재하는암모니아농도는무태장어양성에있어증체혹은사료효율과반비례의영향을미치는것으로나타났다

80 PP-41 Algicidal Activities of a Marine Bacterium Against a Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella Mi-Jin Yim 1, Dae-Sung Lee 1, Yun Sook Kim 2, Sung-Hwan Eom 3 and Young-Mog Kim 4,5 1 Marine Biodieversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, South Korea 2 Marine Bioprocess Co. LTD., Busan, Republic of Korea 3 Division of Platform Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 4 KOICA-PKNU International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea 5 Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea In order to assess the possibility of biological control against harmful algal blooms (HABs), marine bacterial strains were isolated and their inhibitory activity for the growth of HAB organisms was examined. A bacterial strain named AB-1 that showed algicidal activity against Alexandrium catenella was isolated from coastal water of Uljin in South Korea. The identification of the isolated strain was carried out by morphological observation, conventional biochemical tests and 16S rdna sequence analysis. The bacterial culture led to the lysis of algal cells, suggesting that the isolated strain produced a latent algal-lytic compound. Among changes in algicidal activity by different culture filtrate volumes, the 10% (100 μl/ ml ) concentration showed the biggest change in algicidal activity. The swimming movements of A. catenella cells were inhibited and cell walls detached from the main cellular bodies because of treatment of the bacterial culture. With longer exposure time, A. catenella cells were disrupted and algal chloroplasts and cytoplasm subsequently lost their integrity and decomposed, resulting in the appearance of abundant broken thecae. The released algicides were heat-tolerant and stable in ph variations except ph3 and 4. On the other hand, Arthrobacter sp. AB-1 also showed comparatively strong algicidal activity against variable HAB species such as Heterosigma akashiwo, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Chattonella marina, Gymnodinium sanguineum, and Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Our results suggest that the algicidal activity of Arthrobacter sp. AB-1 is potentially useful for controlling outbreaks of A. catenella

81 PP-42 Effect of Temperature Change on the Oxygen Consumption in Mud Loach, Misgurnus mizolepis Lee Jeong-Yeol and Bak Yeong-Hun Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Kunsan National University, Korea Mud loach is one of popular aquatic cultivation animal in asian countries including Korea. In Korea aquaculture method of mud loach is mainly pond system. Therefore they affected temperature strongly by weather condition. Temperature is most important factor effected to metabolism in animals. Oxygen consumption is also one of factors for metabolic activity of animal. Mud loach was divided 4 groups by size: fingerling(fl), mid-seedling(ms), ongrowing(og) and adult(ad). After sampling mud loach let at 25 of normal environmental temperature for 2 weeks. Oxygen consumption was measured by DO meter (YSI-58) with difference initial and final DO concentration of incubation period. It was determined oxygen consumption that mud animal was transferred to certain temperature suddenly. The range of temperature change is 7 32 by 3 intervals. The profile of oxygen consumption of FL, MS, OG and AD by water temperature were expressed exponential equation; Y=0.0495X (r 2 =0.8838), Y=0.0428X (r 2 =0.9387), Y=0.0328X (r 2 =0.8465) and Y=0.0268X (r 2 =0.9539) respectively. The trend of oxygen consumption of FL by water temperature change was bigger than those of OG and AD. Therefore fingerling of mud loach (seedling fish in normal) is more effected to their metabolism by water temperature change than larger animal

82 PP-43 Isolation and Characterization of Four Genes Highly Expressed During Megalopa Stage in Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis Tae-Ho Yoon 1*, Min-gyou Park 2, Soo-eun Lee 2, Jae-hun Lee 2, Jung-hwan Lee 2, Yu-ri Jung 2, Hyun-jung Hwang 2 and Hyun-Woo Kim 1 1 Interdisciplinary program of Bio medical Engineering, Pukyong National University 2 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University In this study, we isolated and characterized four genes, which are expressed predominantly in megalopa stage of Eriocheir sinensis using differential display RT-PCR technique. Four genes include two cuticular proteins with different domain organization (Ers-CP15 and Ers-CP34) and two skeletal-muscle-specific genes (Ers-SCP and Ers-ActinSK1). Two culticular protein genes were expressed predominantly in epidermis and their expression level was significantly high in megalopa stage (about 7.0-folds) compared with those in zoea stage. However, their high transcriptional level in zoea IV suggested that two culticular protein genes may not be a useful target to discriminate megalopa from zoea. Ers-SCP encoded the invertebrate-specific sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein and Ers-ActinSK1 gene encoded crustacean skeletal muscle actin. Expressions of both genes were detected only in muscular tissues including leg muscle, claw muscle, and thoracic muscle suggesting increased transcription level of two muscle-specific genes during megalopa stage is mainly due to the increased muscular tissues. Among its three isoforms, Ers-SCPa showed the highest difference (22.4-folds) between megalopa and zoea suggesting Ers-SCPa is the most reliable marker to distinguish megalopa from zoea. Although Ers-SCPc and Ers-ActinSK1 also showed similar expression profile to Ers-SCPa and Ers-SCPb, difference of their expression level was not as high as Ers-SCPa and Ers-SCPb

83 PP-44 Induction of Primary Male in Juvenile Red Spotted Grouper Epinephelus akaara by Immersion of 17α-methyltestosterone Chi-Hoon Lee 1, Sang-Woo Hur 2, Oh-Soo Na 3, Hea-Ja Baek 4, Choong-Hwan Noh 5, Sang-Hyun Han 6, Ji-Hoon Park 7, Ji-Yeon Hyun 7 and Young-Don Lee 2 1 CR Co., Ltd., Jeju , South Korea 2 Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju , South Korea 3 Jeju Technopark, Jeju , South Korea 4 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan , South Korea 5 East Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Uljin , South Korea 6 Educational Science Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju , South Korea 7 Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju , South Korea Background (or Objective) of This Study : The red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara is one of the most important grouper species for aquaculture in Southeast Asian countries including South Korea. Despite its advantages as commercial importance culture species is still in infancy with adult management, because most groupers require culture periods of several years until first maturation and spawning is achieved. The problems of grouper aquaculture development has been hindered by the difficulty of mature male grouper security, which is due to the lack of a standardized method of sex change and the unavailability of mature male broodstock. We investigated the androgenic effects of 17α -methyltestosterone (MT) on gonadal sex reversal in juvenile red spotted grouper. Methods : The fish were immersed in 17α-MT at 1 and 5 mg/l. Treatment method of 17α-MT was once weekly for 4 and 8 weeks. Fish were sampled at 12 months after end of the treatment period in order to histological analysis. Results & Discussion : At the initiation of an experiment (70 days after hatching, DAH), juvenile red spotted grouper have the paired primordial gonads with somatic cells bellow kidney in the posterior portion of the body cavity. Formation of ovarian cavity indicates that the ovarian differentiation beginning at 70 DAH in red spotted grouper. At 12 months after end of treatment period, control group, 17α-MT 1 mg/l treatment for 4 and 8 weeks, and 17α-MT 5 mg/l treatment group for 4 weeks were all female. However, sex-changed males without ovarian cavity were observed in the 17α-MT 5mg/L treatment group for 8 weeks. These results suggested that the red spotted grouper be able to induce the primary males by hormone treatment prior to gonadal sex differentiation

84 PP-45 The Hematological Analysis and Plasma Cortisol Levels in Growing of Red Spotted Grouper, Epinephelus akarra Exposed to Water Temperature Hyun Chul Cho 1, Hyung Bae Kim 2 and Hea Ja Baek 1 * 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University 2 Department of Marine Bio-resourses, Gangwon Provincial University Background (or Objective) of This Study : Under culture conditions, fluctuations in water temperature affect the enzyme reaction, growth efficiency, reproduction and immune ability in fish (Ackerman et al., 2000, Chatterjee et al., 2004, Cheng et al., 2013). Temperature also changes the physiological functions associated with the stress response of fish. Hematological (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and biochemical (cortisol and glucose) parameters can be used as general stress indicators in fish. The red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, is a serranid fish distributed mainly in southern Japan, Korea, China and economically important species in aquaculture industry. This study was conducted to test the hematological and biochemical responses of red spotted grouper to exposure water temperature in winter season. Methods : Red spotted groupers (mean body weight, 79.5±4.98 g and 18.6±0.3cm) from a private farm in Muan, Korea, were shipped to the laboratory and acclimated in tanks containing 34.0±0.5 seawater at water temperature of 15.0±1.0 for 3 weeks. Fish were then divided into three groups and released into glass aquaria ( cm). The water temperature of the rearing facility was increased from 15 to 25 stepwise at rate of 1 h -1 and kept at 15, 20 and 25 for 7 days. 2 days and 7 days after the water temperature exposure, operculum movement number (OMN) was checked and hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT), glucose and cortisol levels in blood or plasma were measured for hematological and physiological responses. Results & Discussion : No fish mortality was observed during the experimental period. OMN of fish exposed to 15 lowest among temperature treatment groups at 2 days after exposure (DAE) but showed significantly increase at 7 DAE (P<0.05). OMN of fish exposed to 15 lowest among temperature treatment groups at 2 days after exposure (DAE) but showed significantly increase at 7 DAE (P<0.05). In biochemical indices, plasma glucose levels within each experimental group were similar to the hemological responses. At 7 DAE, plasma glucose levels had apparent elevation at 15. No differences in plasma cortisol levels were found within each treatment throughout the experiment period (P<0.05)

85 PP-46 Effect of Water Temperature on the Expression of HSP70 Family and Glucose Levels in Korean Rose Bitterling, Rhodeus uyekii Jung Hyun Kim 1, Hee Jeong Kong 2, Cheul Min An 2 and Hea Ja Baek 1 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University 2 Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute Background (or Objective) of This Study : Temperature is one of common variables in the aquatic environment that directly affect survival of aquatic organisms. Temperature also changes the physiological functions associated with the stress response of fish. Heat shock protein and glucose levels in plasma can be used as general stress indicators in fish. The objective of the present study was to investigate the expression of heat shock protein 70 family mrnas as cellular stress responses and the levels of plasma glucose in Korean rose bitterling, Rhodeus uyekii exposed to water temperature. Methods : Experiment 1, Primary hepatopancreatic cells in experimental fish (TL; 4.0±0.5cm, BW; 0.75±0.3g) were divided into 4 groups that were exposed at 20, 24, 28, 3 2, respectively, using incubators for 2 hour. Total RNA was prepared and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine the effect of water temperature on the expression of HSP70 family mrna. Experiment 2, Experimental fish (TL; 4.0±0.5cm, BW; 0.75±0.3g) were divided into 4 groups that were reared at 20, 24, 28, 32, respectively, for 3 days. The bloods of fish were collected and the level of plasma glucose were analyzed to examine the effect of water temperature on the change of plasma glucose of the experimental fish. Results & Discussion : Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed the expression of RuHSP70 family mrna was elevated by higher water temperature (28 and 32 ) in primary hepatopancreatic cells of R. uyekil (Experiment 1). The plasma glucose level was the highest in R. uyekii exposed to higher water temperature (28 ) (Experiment 2). These results showed the expression of RuHSP70 family mrna as well as the change of plasma glucose level in R. uyekii are influenced by the high water temperature

86 PP-47 수온과연령에따른멍게 (Halocynthia roretzi) 유치자의 심장박동주기의변화 최성원 신새봄 김길중 강릉원주대학교해양분자생명공학과 연구의배경및목적 : 척삭동문문에속하는멍게 (Halocynthia roretzi) 는굴과함께우리나라의대표적인무척추동물양식품종이다. 멍게의순환계는개방혈관계로모세혈관이존재하지않고심장에서나온혈액이조직사이를흐르다다시심장으로되돌아온다. 멍게는심장박동이주기적으로역전되는것으로알려진유일한동물로일정한주기로박동, 정지, 재박동이일어나는데재박동때의심장의혈액수송방향은이전과반대로일어나는것으로알려져있다. 멍게의심장형성과정은척추동물심장형성의기본적인모습을나타내며인간의심장에대한연구에많은유용한자료를제공할수있다. 본연구에서는멍게유치자를이용하여아직까지알려지지않은심장박동이최초로시작되는발생시기와수온과연령에따른박동주기의변화에대하여조사하였다. 실험방법 : 강원도연안에서식하는자연산멍게를실험에이용하였다. 수온 9도또는 13도에서부화한유생을각각직경 6 cm의 Petri dish에서평균 3일간격으로멸균된해수 (50 μg/ml streptomycin 및 50 μg/ml kanamycin 포함 ) 를교환하며배양하였다. 유생은부화한지평균 3~5일만에변태하여유치자가되었고, 각발생단계의유치자에서심장박동을해부현미경을통해관찰하였다. 심장박동의주기성을연구하기위하여심장박동이정지했다가다시박동을시작할때부터다시정지할때까지의소요시간과박동횟수를측정하였다. 결과및고찰 : 멍게유치자에서심장은소화관아래몸의기저부에위치하였고, 피낭에색소침착이일어나는약 4개월까지심장박동을관찰할수있었다. 심장박동의시작은변태후약 9일째되는유치자에서처음으로관찰되었다. 심장의박동주기는 9 도보다 13도에서빨랐고, 유치자의연령증가에비려하여느려지는경향을나타내었다. 부화 18일되는유치자에서평균심장박동은 3.17초 (9도) 와 2.24초 (13도) 로측정되었고, 부화 80일부근의유치자에서는평균 5.76초 (9도) 와 4.16초 (13도) 로측정되었다. 심장박동의정지시간은개체에따라큰차이를보였다. 심장이주기적으로박동과정지를반복하는것은생물학적으로매우흥미로운현상으로이것이어떻게조절되고있으며관련유전자의기능을밝히는연구가기대된다

87 PP-48 Temperature Effect on the Egg Development and Post-hatching with no Feeding in Red-spotted Grouper, Epinephelus akaara Ji Eun Kim 1, Hyun Chul Cho 1, Min Joo Kang 1, Sang Woo Hur 2, Young Don Lee 2 and Hea Ja Baek 1 * 1 Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University 2 Biology Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University Background (or Objective) of This Study : Water temperature is one of the important environmental factors affecting the developmental rate, efficiency of yolk utilization and survival. However, temperature effect on development of eggs and larvae of E. akaara are not well known. The red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, is high economic species in aquaculture industry. To provide more information in this species, we examined the effect of temperature on egg development and absorption of yolk and oil globules in fertilized egg of Epinephelus akaara. Methods : Artificial eggs of Epinephelus akaara were obtained from private farm in Muan, Korea. Duplicate of 0.5cc eggs were divided four temperature conditions: 20, 24, 28 and 32 in 1L beaker. We observed each developmental eggs until hatching. At post-hatching, the larvae were incubated with no feeding until there are no survival larvae. Dead larvae were removed and counted per 4 hours. Then, absorption of yolk and oil globules were estimated. Results & Discussion : During development stage, the eggs exposed to 32 showed the elevated mortality rates and a decrease in mortality was evident at 20. However, in hatching rate, the higher hatching success was indicated at 20, 24 and 28 than 32. In post-hatching experiment, most larvae died sharply at 32 and there were surviving larvae of 24 at the longest. The yolk and oil globules of larvae were absorbed most rapidly, but yolk-sac larvae at 20 and 24 appeared until 50 hours after hatching. Based on results of this study, high temperature(32 ) reduced hatching and survival rate of egg and after hatching larvae

88 PP-49 가두리양식장용공기공급장치의원격제어운전사례 김호영 1 최경배 2 왕세호 2 오성균 2 노한성 2 박영진 2 임은영 2 배민지 2 김춘삼 2 김준열 2 1 ( 주 ) 랩웍스, 2 전라남도해양수산과학원 연구의배경및목적 : 전복가두리양식장은크기 2.4(L)x2.4(W)x2.5(D)m의가두리가 4열 x (40~60칸) 으로제작하여양식에이용하고있다. 조류소통이낮은지역일수록가두리가조류에미치는저항때문에조류속도가낮게나타나며이로인해전복의생육환경에영향을미칠수있다. 본연구는전복가두리양식장에서실증실험중인공기공급장치를원격제어및운전하는 scheme에대한현장적용사례이다. 스마트기기를이용함으로써기기의운전상태를점검하고원격운전할수있으며, 필요한계측데이터를취할용도로설치한것이다. 또한, 현장필요기기로수요파악한감시카메라기능을선택적으로탈 부착할수있으며바다한가운데설치되는장치및설비의원격제어운전에대한적용사례를제시한다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 해상가두리양식장에설치한원격감시및제어장치의운용사례는통신모듈과스마트환경을결합한구성되며양식장에설치된공기공급장치의원격제어를시도하였다. 또한, 필요한센서를통해계측결과를확인할수있었으며실험은기능실험에주안하여시도되었다. 그결과원격제어장치의현장적용성을충분히검증할수있었으며원격제어에필수적인해당기기기동용스위치에대한필요성을도출하여이를설계반영하였다. 복수개의장치를하나의스위치로기동혹은정지할수있는기능적인테스트를시도하였다. 결과및고찰 : 해상가두리양식장에설치한공기공급장치운전에필요한원격감시및제어장치를활용한설비운전과운전상태감시등운용사례를통해열악한접근여건을대체할수있는기술을개발하였으며현장에서활용성을높이기위한개선을시도하였다. 또한감시카메라를연결하여현장상황을수시로체크할수있는기능을보완하는등양식업뿐만아니라다양한산업분야에서보다광범위한용도로사용가능한원격제어기능활용기술을개발함으로써다양한응용처에적용할수있을것으로기대한다

89 PP-50 해상가두리양식장공기공급장치의배터리성능실험 김호영 1 윤영종 2 김광호 2 홍보현 2 1 ( 주 ) 랩웍스, 2 ( 주 ) 에너지와공조 연구의배경및목적 : 전복가두리양식장은크기 2.4(L)x2.4(W)x2.5(D)m의가두리가 4열 x (40~60칸) 으로제작하여양식에이용하고있다. 조류소통이낮은지역일수록가두리가조류에미치는저항때문에조류속도가낮게나타나며이로인해전복의생육환경에영향을미칠수있다. 본연구는전복가두리양식장에서실증실험중인태양광발전시스템을통한공기공급장치의배터리를장수명, 고신뢰성, 높은충방전특성등을갖는태양광용리튬이온배터리로대체한성능실험결과이다. 연구결과는양식장현장에서공기공급장치구동에필요한전원을제공하는최적시스템설계및컨트롤러설계에이용하고자한다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 공기공급장치에최적인배터리모델을찾기위해부하, 태양광부조일수, 운전특성등을감안한성능실험은기존의태양광용배터리와이를대체할수있는리튬이온배터리로대체한성능비교를중심으로이뤄졌다. 실험은동일한부하조건에서비교대상간의충방전특성, 운전시간, 컨트롤러의기능및성능실험등에대해수행하였고이를통해리튬이온배터리운전에적합한컨트롤러모델을도출하였다. 결과및고찰 : 리튬이온배터리는태양광공기공급장치의사용에가장큰애로사항인제품경량화와운전시간문제에대한보다우수한특성을제공하고있다. 이를통해양산형공기공급장치모델을도출하였으며제품화를통해양식장현장에많은보급이이뤄질수있을것으로기대한다

90 PP-51 단백질원에따른무태장어 (Anguilla marmorata) 의성장비교 임태준 박수빈 박준택 안준철 군산대학교수산과학과, 경상대학교해양생명과학과, 전라남도해양수산과학원민물고기연구소, 서남대학교의과대학약리학실 연구의배경및목적 : 우리나라뱀장어주양식종인극동산실뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica) 는남획과환경파괴의이유로자원량감소하고있으며, 이에따른극동산뱀장어종묘가격상승으로국내민물장어양식어가에어려움을주고있다. 이러한문제의대안으로북미산 (A. rostrata) 과, 유럽산 (A. anguilla) 민물뱀장어가양식되어져왔으나, 유럽산실뱀장어 (A. anguilla) 가 2012년 CITES 등재되어거래가중단되었고, 이수요가북미산실밸장어 (A. rostrata) 로몰리면서공급부족으로인한높은가격상승으로양식어가에어려움을주게되었다. 이런이유로보다값싸고실뱀장어혹은검둥장어의수입이가능한동남아산열대성실뱀장어들의양식이시도되고있다. 필리핀등동남아의주서식종인무태장어는우리나라의제주도에도서식하는종으로타민물장어에비해단백질함량이높고지방이높지않으며, 지방산구성비중오메가지방산의비율이높은것으로나타났고무엇보다비타민 A함량이높은것으로평가된바있다. 관능평가역시극동산장어에버금가는식감및기호도를갖는것으로평가되었다. 본연구에서는극동산장어는물론또다른필리핀산장어인비콜라종 (A. bicolor pacfica) 에비교하여사료효율과증체율이낮은무태장어를국내양식환경에적합한종으로의개선을목적으로일차적으로배합사료의단백질원인어분, 발효대두박, 콘-글루텐밀및오징어간분등의기호도및사료효율등을평가하고자하였다. 실험재료및방법 : 본실험에서사용된는뱀장어는무태장어 (A. marmorata) 이며, 24개수조에 15마리씩수용하였으며, 각수조간평균무게는 39.16g ± 2.18g 이며, 마리당평균무게 2.61g ± 0.17g 의무태장어를사용하였다. 사육수조는 60l 급수조 (working volume 30l) 를사용하였다. 수온은약 30 ±0.5 에서사육하였으며, 물은순환시스템으로설비하여일일 40l씩환수하였다. 먹이급이는하루 2번 ( 오전 09:00, 오후 09:00) 총체중의 3% 로씩급이하였고, 남는사료는 30분뒤수거하였고, 매주 6일간급이와하루절식으로 6주간실험을진행하였다. 결과및고찰 : 성장은갈색어분 64%( 조단백함량 45% 이상 ) 인대조구에비교하여어분의발효대두박 5% 대체구간이성장에차이가없었고, 발효대두박이 10% 이상의처리구부터는성장이비교적낮게나타났으며, 사료의점도가약해져반죽사료가다른구간에비교해서물에빨리풀어지면서수질관리에어려움이나타났다. 콘글루텐밀과, 오징어간분의경우는어분대체비율에비례하여전체적으로배합사료에대한기호도가좋지않았으며성장또한어분만을이용한대조구에비교하여저조한결과를나타내었다

91 PP-52 Effects of Fermented Soybean Meal as a Replacement for Fish Meal in Juvenile Olive Flouner Paralichthys olivaceus Kang-Woong Kim 1*, Kyoung-Duck Kim 1, Bong-Joo Lee 1, Sung-Sam Kim 1, Hyon-Sob Han 1 and Sungchul C. Bai 2 1 Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute 2 Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University 3 Dept. of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture/FFNRC, Pukyong National University, Busan This study was conducted to evaluate fermented soybean meal (FSM) as a fish meal (FM) replacer and to determine a proper inclusion level of FSM for juvenile olive flounder diet. Fish averaging 20.9 g were distributed at the stocking density of 25 fish/tank into 24 aquariums with a flowing-water system. Five experimental diets were prepared replacing FM with FSM at the levels of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% based on FM protein (designated as FSM 0, FM 10, FSM 20, FSM 30, and FSM 40, respectively). Two additional diets were prepared that replaced 30 or 40% of FM with FSM adding amino acids (methionine and lysine) (designated as FSM 30+AA and FSM 40+AA, respectively). Fish (triplicates) were fed one of eight experimental diets (50% crude protein and 16.7 kj available energy g -1 diet) for 8 weeks. Survivals were not differed among treatments during a period of feeding experiment. No significant differences were observed in the results of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) among those fish fed diets replaced up to 30% FM. However, fish fed FSM 40 or FSM 40+AA showed a decreased WG and SGR in comparison to FSM 0 (control) (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and apparent digestibility showed a similar trend with the results of growth performances (P < 0.05). Proximate composition in the whole body of fish was only differed between control and FSM 40 for crude protein level and between control and FSM 30+AA for crude lipid level. Whole body amino acid composition was not differed among treatments. No significances of experimental results were found between diet groups with and without amino acid supplementation indicating no effect of amino acid supplementation. The major finding of this study is that fermented soybean meal may replace fish meal up to 30% without amino acids supplementation for normal growth of juvenile olive flounder

92 PP-53 Optimum Feeding Rate in Sub-adult Olive Flounder (370 g) Paralichthys olivaceus Fed Practical Extruded Pellet at Low Water Temperature (12-14 C) Sung-Sam Kim 1, Kang-Woong Kim 1, Kyoung-Duck Kim 1, Bong-Joo Lee 1, Hyon-Sob Han 1 and Kyeong-Jun Lee 2,3* 1 Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute 2 Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University 3 Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University We investigated the effects of feeding rate on the growth performance and blood components of sub-adult olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). We determined the optimum feeding rate (initial fish mean weight of 370 ± 5.72 g) at the low water temperature. Two replicated groups of fish were fed a commercial diet at rates of 0%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, and 0.6% body weight (BW) per day, and to satiation. Feeding trial was conducted using a flow-through system with metric ton aquaria receiving filtered seawater at C for 4 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) for fish fed at 0.6% BW per day was significantly higher than that of unfed fish (0%) and fish fed at 0.3% and 0.4% BW per day. There were no significant differences in WG and SGR among fish fed at 0.5%, 0.6%, and to satiation. These parameters were negative and significantly lower in the starved fish than in fish fed the experimental diet at all feeding rates. Survival for unfed fish (0%) was significantly lower than that of fish fed at 0.4%, 0.5%, and 0.6%. Hematocrit and hemoglobin content of fish fed at 0% and to satiation were significantly lower than that of fish fed at 0.4% BW per day. Total protein was significantly lower in the unfed fish (0%) than in fish fed at all feeding rate. Broken-line regression analysis of weight gain showed that the optimum feeding rate of olive flounder weighing 370 g was 0.51% BW per day at the low water temperature

93 PP-54 순천상내리갯벌역에출현하는풀망둑 (Synechogobius hasta) 의식성 박종혁 1* 정재묵 1 김현지 1 허성회 2 백근욱 1 1 경상대학교해양생명과학과 해양산업연구소, 2 부경대학교해양학과 갯벌 (tide flat) 은다양한생물의서식처, 성육장, 산란장등의기능을제공하며, 어류, 각종무척추동물등과같은풍부한생물자원을제공해주는역할을한다. 이러한갯벌역에출현하는어류의식성연구는해당생태계의에너지흐름을이해하는데매우중요하다. 따라서이번연구는풀망둑 (Synechogobius hasta) 의위내용물분석을통하여위내용물조성과성장에따른먹이변화, 섭식패턴을알아보기위함이다. 이번연구에사용된시료는 2013년 9월부터 2014년 8월까지순천상내리갯벌역에서저층자망 (bottom gillnet) 을이용하여매월 1회, 만조시에채집하였다. 채집된풀망둑은현장에서즉시 10% 중성포르말린에고정하여실험실로운반한후, 체장 (body length, 0.1 cm) 과습중량 (wet weight, 0.1 g) 을측정하고위를적출하였다. 위내용물은해부현미경아래에서가능한종수준까지동정하였으며, 개체수를계수하였고, 습중량을측정하였다. 그후먹이생물의상대중요성지수비 (%IRI) 를구하였으며, 먹이중요도와섭식패턴, 섭식폭을도해적방법을사용하여나타내었다. 성장에따른먹이조성변화는 6개의크기군 (<20 cm, cm, cm, cm, cm, 40< cm) 으로구분하여확인하였다. 조사기간동안총 158개체의풀망둑이채집되었으며체장은 cm의범위를보였다. 공복율은 26.3% 를나타내었으며, 가장중요한먹이생물은출현빈도 49.0%, 개체수비 35.7%, 습중량비 44.8%, 상대중요성지수비 59.7% 를차지한새우류 (macrura) 로나타났다. 새우류중에서는흰새우 (Exopalaemon orientis) 가상대중요성지수비 58.1% 로가장중요한먹이생물로나타났다. 그다음으로중요한먹이생물은각각상대중요성지수비 21.9% 와 13.5% 를차지한게류 (brachyura) 와어류 (pisces) 였다. 풀망둑의섭식패턴을조사한결과, 풀망둑은새우류에대하여높은섭식경향을보여, 새우류를주로섭식하는 specialist feeder였다. 크기군별먹이조성의변화를분석한결과, <20 cm인가장작은크기군과 cm 크기군에서는새우류와게류가주요먹이생물이었다. 이후 cm 체장군부터체장이증가하면서새우류의비율이감소하였으며, 게류와어류가증가하는경향을보였다

94 PP-55 Phytal Organisms Remove from Sargassum fusiforme and S. fulvellum : by ph and Salinity Tolerance During Summer Cultivation in Korea Eun Kyoung Hwang 1, Ho Chang Yoo 1, Jae Min Baek 1 and Chan Sun Park 2 1 Seaweed Research Center, National Fisheries Resrach & Development Institute, Korea 2 Department of Marine and Fisheries Resources, Mokpo National University, Korea Background (or Objective) of This Study : Sargassum fusiforme and S. fulvellum are perennial alga-new blades can regenerate from an existing holdfast. Holdfasts of S. fulvellum can be repeatedly harvested over 2 years in a culture ground, and for a 3-4 years if holdfast re-use methods, such as those used in S. fusiforme cultivation, are employed (Hwang et al. 1999). However, to allow multiple harvests from the same holdfast, proper management of holdfast must be conducted during the summer months. Phytal animal graze on the holdfasts, and can cause the holdfasts may detach from the culture ropes resulting in holdfast loss. Therefore the removal of the phytal animals during the summer months is in important management consideration for Sargassum fishermen, and accordingly the development of an effective treatment method is imperative. Here, we examine the response of S. fulvellum and S. fusiforme to manipulations of ph and salinity, to develop a control treatment for phytal organisms in commercial Sargassum cultivation. Methods : We investigated the effects of ph (range:2~13) and salinity (range: 0~44 psu) the removal of two major phytal animals, Caprella scaura and Gammaropsis utinomi, assocaited with S. fusiforme and S.fulvellum. We also examined the optimum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of algae in the same experimental conditions to quantify the tolerance of algae to acid and salinty treatments. Results & Discussion : The quantum yield of S. fulvellum was not significantly different from controls (ambient ph and salinity) within the ph 4-10 range, and within the 7-40 psu salinity range. Similarly, the quantum yield of S. fusiforme was not significantly different from controls within the ph 3-11 range, and the 0-44 psu salinity range. Therefore, if ph and salinity conditions outside these ranges were used in comercial Sargassum culture, the removal of the two animal species would be higher, but quantum yield of algae would be substantially reduced. These results indicate that ph and salinity treatments could be used effectively to remove the phytal organisms without significanly affecting optimum quantum yield in S.fusiforme and S.fulvellum

95 PP-56 우리나라에서식하는참담치 (Mytilus coruscus) 의번식생리학적특성에관한연구 김영민 1 ㆍ정희도 1 ㆍ이희중 1 ㆍ홍현기 1 ㆍ강현실 1 ㆍ김철원 2 ㆍ김형섭 3 ㆍ최광식 1,* 1 제주대학교해양의생명과학부, 2 한국농수산대학수산양식학과 3 군산대학교해양생물공학과 * Corresponding author: skchoi@jejunu.ac.kr 연구의배경및목적 : 참담치 (Mytilus coruscus) 는우리나라전연안의수심 5-15m의암반조하대바위표면에집단으로서식하고있다. 참담치는지중해담치 (M. galloprovanvialis) 에비해그크기가크고상품성이높아어업인의소득창출에크게기여할것으로기대된다. 그러나참담치생산은자연채취에의존하고있으며, 번식생물학적특성과같은기초적인연구가충분하지않아양식산업이활발히진행되고있지않다. 따라서이연구에서는우리나라서해와남해에서식하는참담치의번식학적및생리학적연구를통해, 향후참담치양식에필요한기초자료를제공하고자수행하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 2012년 9월부터 2013년 8월까지매월군산과여수에서각각 30개체의참담치를 SCUBA diving을통해채집하였다. 각해역에서채집된참담치는생식소를포함한조직단면을절취하여조직슬라이드를제작후생식소발달단계 (Reproductive stage, RS) 및소화맹낭위축도 (Digestive gland atrophy, DGA) 를관찰하였다. 암컷참담치의번식량을정량하기위하여참담치난 (egg) 단백질에특이적인다클론항체를제작한후면역효소측정법 (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) 을이용하여생식소중량지수 (Gonad somatic index, GSI, %) 를측정하였다. 참담치의연중에너지원의이용및저장정도를파악하기위하여체조직내생화학조성분함량을분석하였다. 결과및고찰 : 조직학적관찰결과, 군산참담치는 12월-6월까지산란하는것으로관찰되었고, 여수참담치는군산참담치에비해 2개월늦은 2월부터산란활동이관찰되어 7월까지지속되었다. ELISA를통한 GSI 측정결과, 군산참담치는 1월 6 월까지평균 15% 이상 ( %) 의 GSI를유지하면서다회산란의형태를보였다. 반면, 여수참담치는 3월에 27.2% 로가장높은 GSI 값을기록한후급격히감소하는일회성산란주기를보였다. 참담치주산란시기의수온은군산해역이여수해역에비해약 4 높았다. 주에너지저장원인탄수화물의함량은군산참담치가여수참담치에비해높을뿐만아니라, DGA 지수가낮은것으로미루어보아군산해역이여수해역에비해참담치의가용먹이가풍부한것으로추정된다. 따라서수온과가용먹이가서해안과남해안에서식하는참담치의성성숙및산란시기를결정하는주된환경인자로사료된다

96 PP-57 우리나라바지락포자충 (P. olseni) 의 in vitro culture 및 internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) 을이용한바지락포자충개체군의유전학적특성분석 조영관, 강현실, 홍현기, 최광식 제주대학교해양의생명과학과 (BK21 PLUS) 연구의배경및목적 : 바지락포자충 (P. olseni) 는 1997 년처음보고된이후, 일부지역을제외한우리나라남, 서해안의대부분바지락양식장에분포함이확인되었다. 그러나, 최근일본의바지락에서 P. olseni 와 P. honshuensis 에의한숙주내동시감염 (co-infection) 이보고되어, 우리나라바지락에서보고되는바지락포자충이 P. olseni 외에다른종의포자충에의한감염가능성이대두되고있다. 현재까지우리나라바지락포자충에관한연구는 fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) assay 를통한포자충의감염도확인과조직학적관찰에국한되어있다. 또한, 2005 년우리나라바지락포자충의종수준에서분류학적위치가보고되었으나, 우리나라전연안에분포하는바지락포자충에관한유전학적특성에관한연구는전무한실정이다. 이연구에서는우리나라연안에서식하는바지락으로부터 in vitro culture 를실시하여바지락포자충 strain 을확보하고, 이들의유전적특성을 ITS 유전자를이용하여규명하였다. 실험방법 ( 또는연구방법 ) : 2013 년 10월우리나라서해, 남해와제주도의 11지역바지락양식장또는자연발생지에서각각 10개체의바지락을채집하였다. 바지락포자충을순수분리하기위해, 아가미조직을절취하여 FTM 배지에배양하고포자충의휴면포자형성을유도하였다. 유도된휴면포자를 DMEM:F 12(1:2) 배지로옮겨영양체 (trophozoite) 가형성되도록바지락포자충에대한초대배양을수립하였다. 초대배양된포자충은연속단계희석을실시하여, 지역별로 single strain 또는 poly strain 을분리, 대량배양하여 strain 을확보하였다. 분리된지역별바지락포자충의유전학적특성을규명하기위해 ITS 유전자를 PCR 증폭하고클로닝과정을거쳐염기서열을결정하였다. NCBI 의 BLAST 프로그램을이용하여데이터베이스에등록되어있는포자충류 (Perkinsus sp.) 의 ITS 유전자들과의상동성을검색하고, Kimura 2 parameter model 을이용하여우리나라바지락포자충개체군의유전학적유연관계를분석하였다. 결과및고찰 : 11개지역의바지락으로부터바지락포자충의초대배양을실시하여, 포자충감염이없거나감염도가낮은지역또는배양중의오염이발생한지역을제외한 6지역 ( 서해, 남해, 제주도 ) 에서 23개의 single 또는 poly strains 의포자충을분리하였다. 23종의포자충에서증폭된 ITS 유전자의크기는 bp였으며, bp의 ITS, 157 bp의 5.8S 와 373 bp의 ITS2 영역으로구분되었다. BLAST 결과, 우리나라바지락포자충은한국과일본의바지락에서보고된 P. olseni (AF473840, DQ516696) ITS에 % 의상동성을나타냈다. 또한, ITS를이용한계통분류학적분석시, 우리나라연안에서분리된포자충은모두 P. olseni 에속하며, ITS 유전자의 sequence polymorphism 에의해우리나라 P. olseni 개체군은두개의 genotype 을갖고있음이확인되었다

97 100 年前 1915 年群山에서韓國의水産敎育이胎動되었습니다. 그래서우리는群山이자랑스럽습니다. One hundred years ago, in 1915 morden fisheries education of korea was started in Gunsan. So we are proud Gunsan. 群山大學校海洋科學大學韓國近代水産發祥地 100 周年紀念準備委員會 100 th Anniversary of the Preparatory Committee for the Modern Fisheries Educational Birthplace in Korea College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University