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1 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 26(2), ISSN (Print)ISSN X (Online) LTE Compatibility between LTE Cellular Systems and WLAN 조한신 Han-Shin Jo 요약 3GPP long-term evolution(lte) GHz ( GHz). LTE. //. LTE throughput. 11 MHz( AP ) 10 MHz( AP 3 ), 1 % throughput. Abstract 3GPP long-term evolution(lte) band GHz is adjacent to GHz band for WLAN, and therefore compatibility study of the two systems is desirable. We propose a dynamic system simulation methodology to investigate the effect of WLAN interference on LTE systems. As capturing space/time/frequency changes in system parameters, the dynamic system simulation can exactly predict real system performance. Using the proposed methodology, we obtain LTE downlink throughput loss for the frequency separation between the two systems. Throughput loss under 1 % is obtained from guard band over 11 MHz(single channel allocation) or 10 MHz(three channel allocation). Key words: LTE, WLAN, Dynamic System Simulation, Compatibility, Guard Band. 서론 Long-term evolution(lte) rd generation partnership project(3gpp) 2008, 4. 3GPP LTE 44 [1]. 40(2,300 2,400 MHz),, (TDD) LTE [2].,,, 40 LTE, LTE., 40 (2,4012,495 MHz) 2013., 2014 () (No. 2013R1A1A ). (Department of Electronics & Control Engineering, Hanbat National University) Manuscript received October 8, 2014 ; Revised December 5, 2014 ; Accepted December 12, (ID No ) Corresponding Author: Han-Shin Jo ( hsjo@hanbat.ac.kr) c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved. 171

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb. 2015.,., LTE,. MCL (MCL [3], E-MCL [4], A-MCL [5] ) [6] [8]. MCL (coexistence),.,,.,.,. LTE.,,. //, LTE.

2 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb ,., LTE,. MCL (MCL [3], E-MCL [4], A-MCL [5] ) [6] [8]. MCL (coexistence),.,,.,.,. LTE.,,. //, LTE., GHz LTE [9], 900 MHz LTE [10],[11], TV white space(tvws) ( MHz) LTE [12]. [10][12] (co-channel), UHF TV. 2.4 GHz (adjacent channel) LTE. LTE throughput..,.. 동적시스템시뮬레이션기법 2-1 셀형태및기지국과이동국배치 1. 2, 2, ,. 3, 그림 1. Fig. 1. Dynamic system simulation flowchart. 172

LTE E c /I o 또는. (4),,,,. (4) (5), 2 [13]. 그림 2. 3- ( 19) Fig. 2. 2-tier 3-sector hexagonal cell layout... 2-2 서비스기지국결정. 57,. or or or or (2) (1) I or, i, E c, i i, I, i 56 oc i.,, g p P, P i j.

3 LTE E c /I o 또는. (4),,,,. (4) (5), 2 [13]. 그림 ( 19) Fig tier 3-sector hexagonal cell layout 서비스기지국결정. 57,. or or or or (2) (1) I or, i, E c, i i, I, i 56 oc i.,, g p P, P i j., E c /I o. (3). active set ï ì ææ ö ï ü í ç Ec ö = i th sector max = ç, i 1,2, L, 57 ý ïî èè I o øi ø ïþ i j (3) (5) Z, Z i 0, 8.9 db, Z, Z i., 0.5 a = b = 1/ 2, 1. (4) (6) [2]. Gmax ABS (q )., A m = 20ddB, q 3dB 3 db 70 o [10]. max min. 2-3 채널발생및신호대간섭및잡음비계산. (4). (SINR). OFDM SINR. (6) (7) 173

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb. 2015.,. 2-4 스케줄링및 MCS 레벨결정을통한 Throughput 산출 / LTE resource block(rb).

4 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb ,. 2-4 스케줄링및 MCS 레벨결정을통한 Throughput 산출 / LTE resource block(rb). RB 84(12 7 OFDM ) resource element. (7) RB SINR. Proportional Fairness(PF). P m (n) RB RB. P m (n). P ( n) m = R ( n) [ T ( n) ] a m m m, n. m n, T m (n) fairness throughput, a fair exponent factor. T m (n). (8) (9) RB SINR.. log (11) G M-QAM Shannon gap 2. 1, 3 (,, )., drop drop, throughput.. 간섭분석시나리오및시스템변수 II. AP km, AP 300 m., AP.. 2 tier ìæ 1 ö 1 ï ç1 - Tm ( n) + R è tc ø tc Tm ( n + 1) = í ï æ 1 ö ï ç1 - Tm ( n) î è tc ø m ( n) n번째에스케줄이안된경우 n번째에스케줄이된경우 (10),. modulation and coding scheme (MCS). SINR R j = [ G j, G j+ 1), j = 1, L, N, G 1 M-QAM SINR, G = N + 1. (8) 그림 3., AP Fig. 3. The location of base stations, mobile stations, and W- LAN APs. 174

5 LTE AP. AP,. (13) 그림 4. AP Fig. 4. Guard band and WLAN AP channel allocation., 19,. access point(ap) LTE. AP, AP. AP. 4, 2 AP., 2.4 GHz 14 1(2,412 MHz), 6(2,437 MHz), 11 (2,462 MHz), 1/3., AP 1. LTE throughput. 2 AP LTE throughput. AP LTE throughput. AP throughput Throughput. (7) SINR. AP,, AP,. ACIR(Adjacent Channel Interference Ratio) ( ). throughput AP throughput. 4, MHz 1 MHz, throughput., AP 300 m, 0 m 300 m 30 m., AP Y. 3GPP [14],[15] dbm, 1 db 14 db. AP 15 dbm, 6 db. 6 (802.11g). (12) 그림 5. Fig. 5. Guard region. 175

6 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb 실험결과 그림 6. Fig. 6. WLAN spectrum mask. 표 1. Table 1. System parameters. LTE WLAN(802.11g) BS MS AP 14 dbi 0 dbi 6 dbi 43dBm 22 dbm 15 dbm 30 m 1.5 m 6 m 7 db 14 db 10 MHz 20 MHz RB / 50 - Noise loor 104 dbm 101 dbm 1,500 m SUI-A AP 300 m 2,412 MHz 2,437 MHz 2,462 MHz 7 ( 1: 0 m, Y=0 m, 2: 150 m, Y=150 m) throughput. AP 300 m 1 AP 212 m., 2 AP 0 m., 2 AP (Channel 1: AP 1, Channel : 1,6,11 1/3 ). Y. AP., AP AP. Channel 1 Y 8 MHz throughput 5 %., 11 MHz, throughput 1 %. 1 % throughput, 11 MHz., Channel1-6-11, 10 MHz. COST231 Hata [16] COST231 Walfish Ikegami [16] 2 GHz GHz, LTE WiMAX Stanford University Interim (SUI)-A [17],. log log (14),,. 그림 7. throughput Fig. 7. Throughput loss vs. guard band. 176

7 LTE, AP 1(2,412 MHz), 6(2,437 MHz), 11(2,462 MHz) 10 MHz. throughput. References 그림 8. throughput Fig. 8. Throughput loss vs. guard region MHz, throughput. throughput 2 % AP. 7, 8 PF. WLAN LTE SINR. round-robin sum-rate maximization throughput., WLAN.. 결론 2.3 GHz LTE 2.4 GHz. LTE throughput. 1 % LTE throughput AP 1(2,412 MHz), 11 MHz [1] 3GPP TS v12.4.0, "E-UTRA: User Equipment(UE) radio transmission and reception", Jun [2] Global TD-LTE Initiative, "TDD spectrum white paper", available at pdf [3] CEPT ERC Report 65, "Adjacent band compatibility between UMTS and other services in the 2 GHz band", May [4] CEPT ERC report 101, "A comparison of the minimum coupling loss method, enhanced minimum coupling loss method, and the monte-carlo simulation", May [5] H. -S. Jo, H. -G. Yoon, J. Lim, W. -G. Chung, J. -G. Yook, and H. -K. Park, "The coexistence of OFDMbased systems beyond 3G with fixed service microwave system", Journal of Communications and Networks, vol. 8, no. 2, pp , Jun [6] CEPT ERC Report 68, "MONTE-CARLO simulation methodology for the use in sharing and compatibility studies between different radio services or systems", Jun [7],,, "TDD-OFDM/OFDMA ",, 17 (5), pp , [8],,,,,,, " 900 MHz RFID ",, 43(1), pp. 9-17, [9] W. Liu, J. Fang, H. Tan, B. Huang, and W. Wang, "Coexistence studies for TD-LTE with radar system in the band 2,3002,400 MHz", International Conference on 177

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb. 2015. Communications, Circuits and Systems(ICCCAS), pp. 49-53, Jul. 2010. [10] A. M. Cavalcante, E.

8 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 2, Feb Communications, Circuits and Systems(ICCCAS), pp , Jul [10] A. M. Cavalcante, E. Almeida, R. D. Vieira, F. Chaves, R. C. D Paiva, F. Abinader, S. Choudhury, E. Tuomaala, and K. Doppler, "Performance evaluation of LTE and Wi-Fi coexistence in unlicensed bands", Vehicular Technology Conference 2013 IEEE 77th, pp. 1-6, Jun [11] E. Almeida, A. M. Cavalcante, R. C. D. Paiva, F. S. Chaves, F. M. Abinader, R. D. Vieira, S. Choudhury, E. Tuomaala, and K. Doppler, "Enabling LTE/WiFi coexistence by LTE blank subframe allocation", Communications 2013 IEEE International Conference on, pp , Jun [12] M. Beluri, E. Bala, D. Yuying, R. Di Girolamo, M. J. Freda, J. Gauvreau, S. Laughlin, D. Purkayastha, and A. Touag, "Mechanisms for LTE coexistence in TV white space", Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks 2012 IEEE International Symposium on, pp , Oct [13] NOKIA, "1xEV-DV Evaluation Methodology(V1-2.1)", 3GPP2/TSG-C.R1002, [14] 3GPP TR v "Radio Frequency(RF) system scenarios", Sep [15] 3GPP TS v "Base Stations(BS) radio transmission and reception", Jun [16] COST Action 231, "Digital mobile radio towards future generation system, final report", Tech. Rep., European Communities, EUR 18957, [17] V. Erceg, et al, "Channel models for fixed wireless applications", IEEE c-01/29r4, Jul : () : () : () : University of Texas at Austin, Postdoctoral Fellow : : [ 주관심분야 ], MIMO,, 178

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 27(6), 495 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.495 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Design